Digital Commons Network^™

Geometric Dimensioning And Tolerancing A Tool For Concurrent Engineering, Tapan Kumar S. K. Jain

Theses

The concept of Concurrent Engineering recognizes an immediate need for a new design environment and technology and so requires extensive interdisciplinary cooperation and integration of diverse functions of a manufacturing organization such as marketing, design, manufacturing and finance. One of the key factors to achieve successful integration among the departments is better communication and it becomes imperative in cases of varying levels of communication needs, especially in interdepartmental cases.

Concurrent Engineering is a philosophy which provides certain benefits. There are various tools and methods available for implementation of Concurrent Engineering concepts. One of the tools is Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing …

Improving The Jitter Performance Of Timing Recovery By Employing Delay Shifts, Xin De Lu

Theses

Many methods have been developed for evaluating the jitter performance of timing recovery circuits for binary synchronous transmission systems. These circuits consist of a nonlinear device followed by a narrowband filter tuned to the pulse repetition frequency. This thesis introduce delay shifts in the timing recovery circuits to improve the jitter performance. The function of the delay shifts is analyzed and mathematical proof of jitter performance improvement is given for the system using square-law device. Finally, the numerical results obtained from the specific examples serve to illustrate the significant improvement between the system with and without delay shifts. That is, …

Investigation Of The Effects Of Methyl Chloride Addition On Premixed, Laminar, Methane/Air Flat Flames, Limin Wang

Theses

Temperatures and the concentrations of stable species, such as CO, CO₂, CH₄, and CH3Cl, have been measured over the height above burner at equivalence ratio of 0.79 (fuel lean) and 1.20 (fuel rich) for premixed, laminar CH₄/air and CH₃Cl/CH₄/air flat flames. A water-cooled quartz sampling micro-probe and gas chromatographic analysis were used for the concentration measurements. Chemical kinetic modeling of these flames with a 279-reaction, 63-species elementary reaction mechanism is performed using the CHEMKIN premixed flat flame code. The results of rate-of-production calculations are analyzed to determine the most important …

An Implementation Of A Versatile Camera Calibration Technique For High-Accuracy 3d Machine Vision Metrology Using Off-The-Shelf Tv Camera And Lenses, Bolang Li

Theses

This thesis studies and implements a new versatile camera calibration technique for high-accuracy 3D machine vision metrology using off-the-shelf TV camera and lenses developed by Roger Tsai [1]. This technique builds up a unique relationship from the world coordinate system to the computer image coordinate system of calibration points by using a radial alignment constraint. The technique has advantage in terms of accuracy, speed, and versatility over existing techniques.

The fundamental knowledge for using this technique is presented in this thesis first, followed by an overview of the existing calibration techniques, and a detailed description of the new technique. The …

Graphical Deep Knowledge Representation In Vodak/Vml Object-Oriented Database, Jue Wang

Theses

Applying Object-oriented concepts to the design of complex graphical interface has received great attention in the database and knowledge representation disciplines. Traditional CAD systems can not support efficient environments for design processes because they store information about all the objects for display purposes but do not store any knowledge for reasoning purposes. They are called "knowledge poor". "Graphical Deep Knowledge" in Artificial Intelligence has been proven successful to represent knowledge about objects for display purposes as well as reasoning purposes. We introduwd the theory of "Graphical Deep Knowledge" into the object-oriented database s stem VML to design a "Knowledge rich" …

Blur Identification And Restoration Of Images Of Coronary Microvessel, Kuen Tak Wong

Theses

The objective of this research was to identify the blur characteristics of the blurred images of the rat coronary microvessel, and the information of the blur characteristics was used to restore the blurred images. The blur characteristics were analyzed by using the image power cepstrum. The Wiener filter was implemented to restore the images. There were two types of point spread functions proposed and studied for the restoration. They were: defocus blur PSF and motion blur PSF. The images were transferred from HP A900 system to an AVS workstation. The images were processed and manipulated by the AVS, and showed …

Laboratory Health And Safety Compliance Guide For Private Colleges And Universities, Gina Marie Ochs

Theses

Academic laboratories are presented with the unique challenge of ensuring the health and safety of all people involved in daily activities. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recently enacted the regulation 29 CFR 1910.1450, "Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories," which applies to all private employers (including colleges and universities). In this work, a guide is developed to assist private colleges and universities comply with applicable governmental regulations and to ensure the health and safety of all individuals involved with laboratory activities.

Academic laboratories warrant special consideration because of the nature of experimentation (variation in research and classroom …

Simulation Of Manufacturing Cell Using Hoops Graphic Software And Siman Simulation Language, Parikh Vipul

Theses

Control of jobs being processed in manufacturing shop floor is important to management. The performance of job shop is affected by shop congestion due to arrival rate, batch size, number of machines, buffer capacity, process time variation, and dispatching rules use to load the jobs on the machine.

The job shop is a very complex system and hence, it is difficult as well as time consuming to obtained result using analytical method. A SIMAN simulation language is used to create generic model of a manufacturing cell and simulation analysis of those parameters variation such as job shop efficiency, the average …

Reducing Health And Safety Risks By Replacing Compressed Air With An Electromechanical System, Joseph Michael Schwed

Theses

The continuous use of compressed air in many applications can often be expensive and very noisy. When compressed air is blowing freely from a nozzle, it can be used in a variety of processes. One of these is checking for the presence of a product inside a box.

In the manufacturing field, a facility has been using compressed air as a quality assurance inspector, to make certain that products are shipped properly. As the products go by on a conveyor, two employees must insert them into a carton as it is transferred to another conveyor. If an employee does not …

Bayesian Methods In Preoperative Risk Assessment For Cardiac Surgery, Huey-Chung Teng

Theses

Many strides have been made in the last decade to improve the accuracy of preoperative risk estimation, particular for cardiovascular surgery. It is our goal to estimate the preoperative risk associated with cardiac bypass surgery for patients in different risk categories. These risk categories are determined by the Parsonett model.

The Parsonett model assigns a risk value to a range of risk factors consisting of patient attributes and disease parameters. Logistic modeling is applied to generate a comprehensive risk function. The database being utilized contains over 3,000 patients who have had cardiovascular surgery within the last 5 years.

This thesis …

Computer Simulation Of Intracranial Hemodynamics During The Induction Phase Of Anesthesia, Gopinath P. Sundaram

Theses

The induction of general anesthesia is associated with severe hemodynamic compromises which, in turn, may cause acute elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP). Quantitative assessment of cerebrovascular responses arising from multiple mechanical and pharmacological interventions occurring in a short time interval require a large number of human studies which are difficult to perform. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the effect of various stimuli on the intracranial hemodynamics during induction using a mathematical model of cerebrovascular circulation.

A five compartmental model of the cerebrovascular system is used for our simulation. Autoregulation is modeled by adjusting arterial-arteriolar resistance in order …

Compliance Documentation For Osha's Bloodborne Pathogen Standard Including Exposure Control Plan And Training, Edward Lloyd Tyerman

Theses

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) regulation on Bloodborne Pathogens is in full effect since its introduction on December, 1991. This standard mandates that every company whose workers may expect to come into contact with human blood, or other body fluids, during the course of their work develop an Exposure Control Plan, train employees about Bloodborne Pathogens and establish work practice controls. All hospitals, physician and dental offices, ambulance companies, emergency medical technicians, medical laboratories, fire departments, and sites with their own first aid and response teams must comply with the standard.

Bloodborne pathogens include, among others, the human …

Coordinate Measuring Machines : A Modern Inspection Tool In Manufacturing, Matthias Richard Mantel

Theses

Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) are flexible and universal dimensional measuring devices with the capability for full integration into a CIM information network. Developed as highly precise measuring machines for specially designed measuring rooms, today's CMMs are more and more used in shop floor applications which is a hostile environment for a precise measuring tool. CMMs are offered in a variety of configurations and levels of automation. For the CMM buyer it is therefore essential to have an overview of the different types of CMMs and their subsystems before making a purchasing decision.

To obtain reliable measuring results that are used …

Design And Development Of Flexible Manufacturing Cells - A Case Study, Behrouz Barzani

Theses

This paper covers the typical ills of American manufacturing companies and provides steps to selecting a flexible manufacturing cell(s) or system as a remedy. For that reason various definition of different types of flexibilities in manufacturing and the interrelationships between the several types have been examined. In addition, their purposes, means of obtaining them and some measurement and evaluations has been discussed. This was done to cover the basic but necessary requirements for understanding and selecting a flexible manufacturing system. Finally, the design process of a flexible system and its intuitive justification were discussed.

Adaptive Two-Stage Detection Scheme In Synchronous Two-User Cdma Systems, Yong Jiang

Theses

A conventional single user detector is not optimum in the multiuser environment because the multiuser interference can not be modeled as an additive Gaussian process. Such a receiver is very vulnerable to the near far situation. The receiver that is optimum for multiuser environment has high complexity and requires a knowledge of the received signal energies. Various versions of the receiver that handle the near far situation have been proposed in the literature. In this work, an adaptive two stage scheme for a synchronous two user environment with unknown received energies is proposed. It consists of a, tandem of the …

Techniques Of Petri Net Reduction, Sreeranga Kalavapalli

Theses

Petri Nets have the capability to analyze large and complex concurrent systems. However, there is one constraint. The number of reachability states of the concurrent systems outweighs the capability of Petri Nets. Previous Petri Net reduction techniques focussed on reducing a subnet to a single transition and hence not powerful enough to reduce a Petri Net. This paper presents six reduction rules and discusses their drawbacks. A new reduction technique called Knitting Technique to delete paths of a Petri Net while retaining all the properties of the original net is presented. Further Structural matrix which facilitates reduction is presented.

A Mathematical Model For The Prediction Of Depth Of Cut In The Course Of Awj Machining, Naijian Ma

Theses

The objective of this study is to develop a practical mathematical model for prediction of the depth of cut in the course of Abrasive Water Jet (AWJ) machining. Semi-empirical method which is an integration of theoretical derivation and statistical analysis is used for process description. A theoretical model was constructed based on kinetic energy conservation equation, physical relationship among operating parameters, abrasive size, material properties and cutting results. Then, correlation between the depth of cut and operational parameters was analyzed in order to improve the theoretical model. Finally, a regression equation representing 1000 samples was constructed.

Three statistical criteria were …

Fracture Of Cementitious Composites, Sira Tindukasiri

Theses

Studies in fracture mechanics of concrete use a testing setup which tends to include unacceptably large errors in deflection measurements. Recent work reported by Kim [3] has proposed a new testing setup to eliminate these errors and consequently produce better determinations of fracture parameters.

The error which occurs most frequently is in the measurement of the load-line deflection. Until recently, the way this measurement has been made, using a dial gauge or LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) to measure the deformation between the center of the specimen and the frame, includes the crushing of the concrete surface at the supports …

An Elementary Reaction Model For Thermal Decomposition Of Cf2cl2 In A H2 Atmosphere And Experimental Studies On Oxidation Of Ch3oh Plus Ch4 Under Fuel Rich, Stoichiometric And Fuel Lean Conditions, Cheng Guo

Theses

Pyrolysis of CF₂CL₂ in an atmosphere of H₂, has been studied in a tubular flow reactor, 723 to 873 K. Overall eaction conversion proceeds via loss of Cl with CHF₂CL formation, then loss of the second Cl atom and CH₂F₂ product. Initiation occurs by unimolecular Cl atom loss. Subsequent chain propagation steps rapidly generate active H atoms which abstract Cl atoms, but abstraction of fluo-rine atoms by atomic hydrogen is slow at the temperatures of this study.

A small mechanism, about 35 elementary reaction steps, and a thermodynamic data base …

Performance Of Different Strategies For Error Detection And Correction In Arithmetic Encoding, George F. Elmasry

Theses

Lossless source encoding is occasionally used in some data compression applications. One of these encoding schemes is the arithmetic encoding.

When data is to be transmitted via communication channel, noise and impurities imposed by the channel cause errors. To reduce the effect of errors, channel encoder is added prior to transmission through the channel. Channel encoder inserts some bits that help channel decoder at the receiver end to detect and correct errors. These added error detection and correction bits are redundancy that causes reduction in the compression ratio and hence an increase in data rate through the channel. The higher …

Implementation Of An Object-Oriented University Database Using Vodak/Vml Prototype-2/C++, Bheeman Lingan, Madhumathi Tulasiram

Theses

Object-oriented database (OODB) technology has become very popular and successful in recent years. Currently, there are many commercial object-oriented database systems available that are used for developing large and complex real world applications. In addition, there are many research prototypes of object-oriented databases available. In a joint research project of the CIS Dept at NJIT and GMD-IPSI an object-oriented data model called the Dual Model was developed. Using this Dual Model a university environment database schema was designed. This univesity database schema was implemented using the VODAK/VML OODB prototype - 1. The university database was then reimplemented using the C++ …

Design Of A 320x122 Mwir-Ccd Ptsi-Si Imaging Radiometer With Automatic Optical Integration Time Control, Nathaniel Joseph Mccaffrey

Theses

An infrared CCD camera system was designed and developed to operate a 320X244 Schottky-barrier IR-CCD Focal Plane Array (FPA) as an imaging radiometer. The goal of this research was to develop a reliable radiometer capable of resolving temperatures between 50 and 1000°C to within 1°C accuracy using non-contact spectral thermographic methods. To accomodate this wide dynamic range, the imager was operated in a non-interlaced format with variable optical integration times ranging from 120µsec to 122msec. Variable integration control was achieved by employing a "dump and read" timing procedure. To facilitate this operation, novel circuitry was developed for dynamically controlling the …

Mixed Culture Biodegradation Of Pentachlorophenol, Hexachlorobenzene, And Tetrachloromethane Under Anaerobic Conditions, Jesse Zahn

Theses

Three chlorinated compounds, namely, Pentachlorophenol(PCP), Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and Carbon tetrachloride were biodegraded under anaerobic conditions using a (CCl₄)mixed culture obtained from an anaerobic sewage sludge digestor in Linden, NJ.

Three sets of cultures capable of degrading each of the target compounds were established. Primary Enrichment Cultures (PECs) from the anaerobic sludge were exposed to each one of the target compounds. The cultures were able to degrade each target compound as follows: HCB, 0 to 1.2 ppm; PCP from 0 to 3-4 PPM; CCl₄, 0.5 to 15.5 PPM

One culture from each PEC group (CCl₄, …

Iisma: An Interactive Information System, Connie Winfield Harvey

Theses

None provided.

Encountered Surfaces, Hyerim Choi Min

Theses

Throughout the course of civilization man has sought to leave his marks in the form of designs. At first these were just crude scratches on stones or inscriptions on cave walls, but over the centuries he has developed many methods to his artistic sensibilities. Textile decoration is the branch of the creative arts that embraces any method of applying color or design to a woven fabric, and the maker of such decorated textiles has been an important element in cultural development down through the ages. He or she has provided man with a means of making manifest his aesthetic sentiments …

A Comparison Of Paper Whiteness Rankings: Visual Vs. Instrument Generated, Lawrence David Harris

Theses

The purpose of the study was to find if a correlation exists between a previously conducted visual whiteness ranking of 128 sheets of white office paper, from various manufacturers, and a ranking generated by affordable hand held colorimeters. Two different hand held colorimeters were used to measure the 128 sheets. The output from the colorimeters was in CIE chromaticity coordinates and CIELAB L* a* b* values. The lightness (L*) value was used to make a ranking for comparison to the visual ranking. The chromaticity coordinates were used for computing CIE Whiteness. The resulting whiteness index values were used to form …

The Design And Production Of The Printed Materials For The Goudy International Center For Font Technology And Aesthetics, Mark Benjamin

Theses

The increased use of personal computers in the 1980's has contributed to a sudden awareness of typefaces. This type consciousness has spread not only through the graphic arts industry, but beyond, to people who never before gave much thought to typefaces and their use. Now they are using them and making decisions regarding their use on a daily basis. Graphic artists and designers now have the tools on their desktops that give them the capability to create professional-quality digital type fonts. Even with all the attention and discussion given to the subject of typefaces, there has been no place, either …

Prepress Selection Of Typeface Styles And Sizes For Gravure Printing, Eric Henty

Theses

The hypothesis of this study supposes that it is possible to design a more accurate prepress, "user friendly" method of type selection for gravure printing than the system used today.The experimental methods chosen for this project were based on the suggestions made by the Gravure Association of America, the professors at Rochester Institute of Technology, and the technical staff at Areata Graphics, Buffalo, NY. The purpose of these methods was to gather technical information about how the gravure printing process generates type images. More specifically, this meant investigating the effects of the gravure screen on type. To accomplish this, line …

3d Alchemy: A Guide To 3d Realistic Computer Graphics, Ching-Pei B. Han

Theses

Last year, many films and commercials took advantage of computer technology to create astonishing 3D animations. Examples such as the Listerine commercial series, the NBA logo on TV, and the Chip & Pepper TV cartoon, featured unique and vibrant computer images. Among the various animations, some were made by high end computer systems, but some simply by personal computers. Small, fast, and more capable personal computers are now performing professional-level video production roles and, in fact, they are a staple of many feature film productions and broadcast television facilities.

Virtual Reality, Education And The Macintosh, Paul Cofrancesco

Theses

The purpose of my thesis is to present Virtual Reality as a tool in aiding Education. I used the Macintosh computer as the driving base of my project, and configured inexpensive commercially available computer peripherals as input devices. I investigated the effectiveness with which virtual worlds can present information, as well as studied the use of low cost software, input devices and drivers currently avail able on the Macintosh Computer. In addition, this thesis describes the strength, weaknesses and concerns involving the use of Virtual Reality in learning and the limitations of the current technology.