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Tanzania Journal of Science

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Articles 901 - 930 of 1029

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Parasites Of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Pisces: Clariidae) From The Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria, C Mwita, G Nkwengulila Dec 2004

Parasites Of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Pisces: Clariidae) From The Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria, C Mwita, G Nkwengulila

Tanzania Journal of Science

Seventeen species of parasites were recovered from 1071 Clarias gariepinus examined from the Mwanza Gulf of Lake Victoria. The parasite fauna comprised of four ectoparasites, a Monogenea, Hirudinea, crustacean and a Digenea; and fourteen endoparasites, five nematodes, five trematodes and three cestodes. Twelve parasite species were adults and five were larval forms. Ten were identified to species, six to genus and one to family level. Many species recorded are common to C. gariepinus, a few, e.g. Tylodelphys species is a first record in fish of Africa, thus represents a new host record. Spinitectus petterae is reported for the first time …

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Phytoplankton Species Diversity And Abundance In The Near Shore Waters Of Tanzanian Side Of Lake Victoria, Ase Mbonde, S Shayo, Bc Sekadende, Tj Lyimo Dec 2004

Phytoplankton Species Diversity And Abundance In The Near Shore Waters Of Tanzanian Side Of Lake Victoria, Ase Mbonde, S Shayo, Bc Sekadende, Tj Lyimo

Tanzania Journal of Science

The survey was carried out in January/February and July/August 2002 to investigate phytoplankton species diversity, spatial distribution, numerical abundance and total biomass (chlorophyll a concentration) in 10 selected stations on the Tanzanian side of Lake Victoria. At each station, samples for diversity data were collected by plankton net, which was towed at the surface water, while those for spatial distribution and abundance were collected using a 1 l Van Dorn water sampler. A total of 113 species belonging to 52 different genera were identified. Cyanobacteria were the most diverse group in both seasons. The concentration of chlorophyll a ranged from …

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Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Water In Selected Locations In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, M A Kishe Dec 2004

Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Water In Selected Locations In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, M A Kishe

Tanzania Journal of Science

A study conducted during the period of March/April 2002 aimed at measuring physical and chemical parameters in Tanzanian portion of Lake Victoria. Temperature and conductivity values were homogeneous among and within the study stations. Levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) ranged from 4 - 9 mgl-1 and there was significant difference between stations (P < 0.05). Water transparency was poor (< 2 m secchi depth) and differed from one sampling station to another. Ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), with few exceptions, showed the highest concentrations both at the bottom and near-surface followed by total phosphates (TP), nitrate nitrogen (NO2+NO3--N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) and Soluble Reactive Silicon (SRSi). Concentrations of NH4+-N, TP and SRSi were high at bottom waters and the reverse was true for NO2+NO3--N and NO2--N. Differences in nutrients and physical water parameters among sampling stations were statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, temperature and nutrient levels at studied areas were higher than that of 50 years ago and the trend reversed for DO and transparency. This indicates that Lake Victoria is receiving organic materials from the catchment area leading to the decline of water quality. Long-term efforts for rehabilitation, conservation and sustainable management of the lake are suggested.

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Levels Of Pesticide Residues And Metabolites In Soil At Vikuge Farm, Kibaha District, Tanzania – A Classic Case Of Soil Contamination By Obsolete Pesticides, M A Kishimba, M J Mihale Dec 2004

Levels Of Pesticide Residues And Metabolites In Soil At Vikuge Farm, Kibaha District, Tanzania – A Classic Case Of Soil Contamination By Obsolete Pesticides, M A Kishimba, M J Mihale

Tanzania Journal of Science

The paper reports on the state of soil contamination by obsolete pesticides at Vikuge State Farm, Coast Region, Tanzania, where, in 1986, a 170 m3 “donation” of partially expired pesticides were stored in an open shed that eventually collapsed. Analyses of soil samples collected in 2000 from the old storage site at the farm for 80 different pesticide residues and metabolites have revealed alarmingly high concentrations of pesticide residues to qualify Vikuge as one of the most contaminated sites in the world. Most of the residues found in the soil at high concentrations were organochlorines, their concentrations being up to …

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Insect Infestation Of Maize, Zea Mays (L.) In Indigenous Storage Structures In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Cp Rugumamu Dec 2003

Insect Infestation Of Maize, Zea Mays (L.) In Indigenous Storage Structures In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Cp Rugumamu

Tanzania Journal of Science

Insect infestations and losses of maize stored in four types of indigenous storage structures in Morogoro Region, Tanzania were investigated. Infestation levels and weight losses caused by the larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) and the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) were found to differ significantly in the four types of storage structures (Dari, Kihenge, Kichanja and Reli). Lower infestation levels by the two pests and less weight losses were observed inDari and Kihenge than in Kichanja and Reli. The infestations and weight losses exhibited a significant trend that was in the order, Dari< Kihenge < Kichanja < Reli. These findings suggest that Dari and Kihenge are more appropriate for the incorporation in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) for P. truncatus and S. zeamais in Morogoro Region.

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Performance Of Pleurotus Flabellatus On Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) Shoots At Two Different Temperature And Relative Humidity Regimes, Ak Kivaisi, Fss Magingo, B Mamiro Dec 2003

Performance Of Pleurotus Flabellatus On Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) Shoots At Two Different Temperature And Relative Humidity Regimes, Ak Kivaisi, Fss Magingo, B Mamiro

Tanzania Journal of Science

Efforts are being made in Tanzania to promote mushroom cultivation, and identification of abundantly available plant biomass residues appropriate for growing mushrooms is part of the efforts. This study investigated the suitability of water hyacinth as a bulk substrate for growing a newly domesticated local oyster mushroom, Pleurotus flabellatus. The performance of the mushroom was investigated under ambient temperature and relative humidity (RH) regimes of 18-25/27-29 oC and 55-85/78-93%, respectively. The growth cycle of the mushroom was completed in 40 days with three and four flushes respectively. At the higher temperature and RH regime, the mushroom grew faster and the …

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Antibacterial Activities Of Constituents From Isolona Cauliflora And Cleistochlamys Kirkii, Ac Odebode, Sjm Mdachi, Cc Joseph, Bn Irungu Dec 2003

Antibacterial Activities Of Constituents From Isolona Cauliflora And Cleistochlamys Kirkii, Ac Odebode, Sjm Mdachi, Cc Joseph, Bn Irungu

Tanzania Journal of Science

Antibacterial activities of caulindole D, a mixture of caulindole E and F, pinocembrin and an oxyheptanoid (cleistenolide), obtained from stem barks of Isolona cauliflora and Cleistochlamys kirkii, on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas phaseolicola were determined. An in vitro assay test by paper disc method showed that the caulindole D, E and F from Isolona cauliflora produced no inhibition zone on both bacteria pathogens at 100-200 ppm while cleistochlamic acid from C. kirkii showed weak to moderate inhibition zone at 100-200 ppm. At concentration above 200 ppm, the bacteria pathogens were inhibited by all the compounds isolated from the plant extracts. …

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Metal Concentrations In Sediment And Fish Of Lake Victoria Near And Away From Catchments With Gold Mining Acctivities, Jf Machiwa Dec 2003

Metal Concentrations In Sediment And Fish Of Lake Victoria Near And Away From Catchments With Gold Mining Acctivities, Jf Machiwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Concentrations of metals in sediment and fish as well as organic matter contents of sediment from Lake Victoria were investigated. The objective of the study was to compare levels of metals in sediment and fish from areas of the lake that are within and outside catchments with gold mining activities.The results showed that the concentration of As was less than 6 mg g-1 dw and Cd was below 1.9 mg g-1 dw in sediment samples. Lead, zinc and copper concentrations were highest (58.1±17.6 mg g-1 dw, 101.9±20.6 mg g-1 dw and 32.6±2.8 mg g-1 dw respectively) in sediment samples that …

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Salt Balance, Fresh Water Residence Time And Budget For Non-Conservative Materials For Makoba Bay During Wet Season, As Ngusaru, Aj Mmochi Dec 2003

Salt Balance, Fresh Water Residence Time And Budget For Non-Conservative Materials For Makoba Bay During Wet Season, As Ngusaru, Aj Mmochi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Water and salt budgets suggest that in order to balance the inflow and outflow of water at Makoba bay, there is net flux of water from the bay to the open ocean during wet season. Residual salt fluxes between the bay and the open ocean indicate advective salt export. Exchange of water between the bay with the open ocean plays a role of replacing exported salt via mixing. Calculated freshwater residence time for the bay is 63 days during wet season. Budget results for non-conservative materials indicate net DIP flux from the ocean to the bay and a net DIN …

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Concentrations Of Metals In River Sediment And Wetland Vegetations In Mining, Lake Victoria Basin, Tanzania, Jf Machiwa Dec 2003

Concentrations Of Metals In River Sediment And Wetland Vegetations In Mining, Lake Victoria Basin, Tanzania, Jf Machiwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Levels of metals were determined in river sediment, rice and sugarcane juice from Lake Victoria basin where small-scale gold processing activities are carried out to assess levels of contamination. Concentrations of metals in river sediments were generally high in areas that were closest to gold ore processing sites. For instance, mercury was highest (36.3 ±12.8 mg/g dw) in river sediments of Tigiti River in Mugumu District. Other heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu) had highest concentrations (2.20±0.71, 208±19.3, 412±20.1 and 132.7±11.9mg/g dw, respectively) in sediment samples from Kagota. The concentration of arsenic was highest (985.0±67.2 mg/g dw) in Mugusu …

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Synthesis Of Some Cis-4,4-Dimethyl-2-Isopropenylcyclopentane Derivatives As Potential Intermediates Towards The Protoilludane Skeleton, Sjm Mdachi Dec 2003

Synthesis Of Some Cis-4,4-Dimethyl-2-Isopropenylcyclopentane Derivatives As Potential Intermediates Towards The Protoilludane Skeleton, Sjm Mdachi

Tanzania Journal of Science

The three gem-dimethyl-substituted cyclopentane derivatives 1-(2-propionyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-isopropenylcyclopentane, 2-isopropenyl-4,4-dimethylcyclopentanecarboxyaldehyde and 1-hydroxy- methyl-2-isopropenyl-4,4-dimethylcyclopentane have been synthesized employing a thermally induced ene reaction as a key step. Each of the three compounds has been obtained predominantly as the cis isomer. The successful synthesis of these compounds affords opportunities for their further ellaboration towards sesquiterpenes of the protoilludane skeleton.

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Ammonite Biostratigraphy Of The Jurassic Of Tanzania, S Kapilima Dec 2003

Ammonite Biostratigraphy Of The Jurassic Of Tanzania, S Kapilima

Tanzania Journal of Science

The present paper summarizes the previous biostratigraphical researches and incorporates the recent research findings on the Jurassic rocks in the coastal basin of Tanzania. The ammonites used for the biostratigraphical classification are from two sub-basins along the coastal belt of Tanzania: Mandawa (south) and Ruvu- Tanga (north). The oldest known ammonites from these basins are of Aalenian age. The biostratigraphical classification of the Jurassic sequence, on the basis of the vertical and horizontal distributions of the ammonite assemblages, permits the erection of eight sub stages of Jurassic: Upper Aalenian (Concavum-Zone), Bajocian (Humphrieasianum-Zone), Middle Callovian (Coronatum-Jason Zone), Upper Callovian (Lamberti-Athleta Zone), …

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Bajocian Ammonites From Msata Hill (Lugoba Formation) In The Hinterland Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, S Kapilima Dec 2003

Bajocian Ammonites From Msata Hill (Lugoba Formation) In The Hinterland Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, S Kapilima

Tanzania Journal of Science

Ammonites from the Middle Jurassic exposures of the Lugoba Formation at Msata, are described for the first time in Tanzania. Out of a number of ammonite fragments recovered from the bluish-green silty limestone (M3), only three fragments were fairly well preserved to permit their specific identification. Two species were identified: Dorsetensia cf. D. romani (OPPEL) and Oecotraustes (Paroecotraustes?) cf. angustus DOUVILLE. This ammonite assemblage is biostratigraphically correlatable with the Lower Bajocian Posidonia shale of the Kambe Limestone series in Kenya, in which similar ammonites species and other related Bajocian species have been described. Pending new discovery of ammonoid fauna and …

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Petrology And Lithogeochemistry Of The Mineralized Tanzanite-Grossular Bearings Rocks In The Merelani-Lelatema Area, Northeastern Tanzania, Ep Malisa Dec 2003

Petrology And Lithogeochemistry Of The Mineralized Tanzanite-Grossular Bearings Rocks In The Merelani-Lelatema Area, Northeastern Tanzania, Ep Malisa

Tanzania Journal of Science

The Merelani-Lelatema area, which is occupied by late Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks, lies along the Lelatema fault zone. The rocks are mainly pelitic and semi-pelitic gneisses, psammitic gneisses, hydrothermally altered rocks, crystalline dolostones, pegmatites and quartz veins. The occurrence of gem-quality tanzanite and grossular has been found to occur mainly in boudinaged pegmatitic veins and hydrothermal fracture fillings. These fracture fillings occur in brecciated and hydrothermally altered graphite-bearing gneiss in a mineral association containing glass-clear quartz, diopside, zoisite, graphite and calcite. The psammitic gneisses are more siliceous and enriched in feldspars. They are grouped into graphite-kyanite gneiss with thin interlayers of …

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Heritability Of Cooking Time And Water Absorption Traits In Dry Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Using A North Carolina Design Ii Mating Scheme, Fm Elia Jul 2003

Heritability Of Cooking Time And Water Absorption Traits In Dry Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Using A North Carolina Design Ii Mating Scheme, Fm Elia

Tanzania Journal of Science

Estimation of genetic variances, heritabilities and estimations of response to selection of the cooking time and water absorption traits of Andean gene pool of dry bean seed Phaseolus vulgaris L. were done. General combining ability (GCA) i.e. GCA males and GCA females, and Specific combining ability (SCA) were estimated. The parents were crossed in a North Carolina mating design II and genetic analysis was made on the F3 and F4. Both male and female effectations within sets for the cooking trait in F3 and F4 were highly significant for the traits studied. Variances due to General combining ability (GCA) and …

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Heavy Metal Contamination Of Mangrove Sediments And The Associated Biota In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Sd Mremi, Jf Machiwa Jul 2003

Heavy Metal Contamination Of Mangrove Sediments And The Associated Biota In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Sd Mremi, Jf Machiwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Mangrove wetlands are efficient in trapping pollutants that may have detrimental effects on mangrove dependent food chains. Mangrove ecosystems that are within urban areas are likely to suffer more from chemical pollution than those in rural areas. Heavy metals in mangrove plant parts, sediments and crabs from mbweni, msimbazi and mtoni mangrove ecosystems in Dar es salaam were analysed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in order to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution on mangrove biota. Sediment samples from msimbazi and mtoni mangrove areas which are located within the city, had higher levels of pb, zn and cu than …

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Levels Of Pesticide Residues In Water, Soil And Sediments From Southern Lake Victoria And Its Basin, Leonia Henry, Michale A Kishimba Jul 2003

Levels Of Pesticide Residues In Water, Soil And Sediments From Southern Lake Victoria And Its Basin, Leonia Henry, Michale A Kishimba

Tanzania Journal of Science

Water, sediment and soil samples collected from Southern Lake Victoria and its basin were analysed for 76 organochlorine, organophosphorous, carbamate and pyrethroid pesticide residues. The samples were collected from sampling stations in nine districts on the Tanzanian side of the lake, namely Mwanza, Sengerema, Geita, Ngudu, Misungwi, Magu, Bunda, Tarime and Musoma Districts. DDT and HCH residues were the only detected pesticides. The concentration of total DDT was up to 1.6 mg/L in water, 600 mg/kg dry mass in sediments and 20 mg/kg dry mass in soil. The concentration of total HCHs were up to 0.2 mg/L in water, 132 …

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Chemotaxonomic Distinction Of Selected Closely Related Acacia Species Using Chemical Properties Of Their Gum Exudates, Gs Mhinzi Jul 2003

Chemotaxonomic Distinction Of Selected Closely Related Acacia Species Using Chemical Properties Of Their Gum Exudates, Gs Mhinzi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Although Acacia senega var. senegal and Acacia senegal var. leiorhachis are regarded as being closely related botanically, their gum exudates have shown to possess different properties. The properties of the gum exudate from A. senegal var leiorhachis differ from that obtained from A. senegal var. senegal (widely accepted as the source of commercial gum arabic) by being much more viscous, less acidic and having higher proportions of insoluble gel fraction and nitrogen contents. The specific optical rotation values of the gum exudates from these two species have also been found to be different. It is proposed that some of the …

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Corrosion Inhibition Of Carbon Steel By An Amine- Fatty Acid In Acidic Solution, Joseph Buchweishaija Jul 2003

Corrosion Inhibition Of Carbon Steel By An Amine- Fatty Acid In Acidic Solution, Joseph Buchweishaija

Tanzania Journal of Science

The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 3% de-aerated NaCl acidic solution with amine–fatty acid corrosion inhibitor, KI384, was investigated at different temperatures using potentiodynamic polarization technique. The Corrosion rate was calculated in the presence and absence of inhibitor. The inhibition increased with an increase in inhibitor concentration and decreased with rise in temperature. The maximum percentage inhibitor efficiency was obtained at 35 oC. The percentage inhibition up to 99% was registered at a concentration of 10 ppm of KI384. The inhibitor acts as a mixed type at lower temperature and predominantly anodic at high temperature. The interrelationship between the …

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Effects Of Chromium Uptake On The Growth Characteristics Of Eichhornia Crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Zk Rulangaranga, Al Mugasha Jul 2003

Effects Of Chromium Uptake On The Growth Characteristics Of Eichhornia Crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Zk Rulangaranga, Al Mugasha

Tanzania Journal of Science

The uptake of chromium from fresh water by Eichhornia crassipes was studied under greenhouse conditions where the species was raised in culture solutions containing varying concentrations of chromium (VI) ions. There were positive correlations between the concentration of chromium in the culture media and the amounts of the metal accumulated in the tissues of E. crassipes at any given time. Furthermore, the total accumulated chromium in the tissues of E crassipes increased with increase in the duration for which the plant was exposed to the nutrient solutions containing chromium ions. Most of the absorbed chromium was accumulated in the roots …

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Tectonic And Sedimentary Evolution Of The Coastal Basin Of Tanzania During The Mesozoic Times, S Kapilima Jul 2003

Tectonic And Sedimentary Evolution Of The Coastal Basin Of Tanzania During The Mesozoic Times, S Kapilima

Tanzania Journal of Science

The present paper reviews and updates the stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the coastal basin of Tanzania during the Mesozoic times based on the interpretation of existing palaeontological and stratigraphical information and supplemented by recent fieldwork investigations by the author. Tectonic events largely controlled the evolution of the coastal basin of Tanzania and the Indian Ocean. These included the Karoo rifting during Permo-Triassic, the break up of the Gondwana Supercontinent, which started with rifting in the Triassic period, the opening of the Somali basin in the Middle Jurassic, and the Cenozoic rifting along the East African rift system. The Karoo …

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Eutrophication Of Kigoma Bay Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, Fmm Chale Jul 2003

Eutrophication Of Kigoma Bay Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, Fmm Chale

Tanzania Journal of Science

Studies carried out in Kigoma bay (Tanzania) and at a deep water offshore station in lakeTanganyika showed marked differences in the water characteristics at the two locations. At the pelagic station, the water was more transparent (mean 11.47 m) and poor in phosphorus (mean 6.46 mg p/1 and 2.23 p/1 total and soluble reactive p, respectively). The mean transparency value for the bay was 4.05 m, and the levels of total and soluble reactive phosphorus were 14.75 mg p/1 and 4.34 mg p/1, respectively. The high water transparency coupled with low phosphorus levels in the pelagic zone indicate that the …

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Sediment Distribution And Composition On The Shallow Water Carbonate Basin Of The Zanzibar Channel, Yw Shaghude Jul 2003

Sediment Distribution And Composition On The Shallow Water Carbonate Basin Of The Zanzibar Channel, Yw Shaghude

Tanzania Journal of Science

Sediments of the shallow water carbonate basin in Zanzibar channel were investigated for composition and grain size distribution. The surface sediment composition was dominated by carbonate sands (with CaCO3 > 30%), except in the area adjacent to mainland coastline and a thin lobe which projects from Ruvu River to the middle of the channel. Mean grain size distribution closely resembles that of the carbonate content, where Tidally Dominated Reef Platform Sediments (TDRPS) located east of the Zanzibar channel were characterised by medium to coarse sands and the siliciclastic sediments adjacent to the mainland were characterised by fine sand. The TDRPS are …

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Trace Elements Characterization Of The Hydrothermally Deposited Tanzanite And Green Grossular In The Merelani – Lelatema Shear Zone, Northeastern Tanzania, Epj Malisa Jul 2003

Trace Elements Characterization Of The Hydrothermally Deposited Tanzanite And Green Grossular In The Merelani – Lelatema Shear Zone, Northeastern Tanzania, Epj Malisa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Geochemical investigations of trace element contents of different rock samples were determined in the late Proterozoic metamorphic sequences of the Mozambique Belt along the Merelani–Lelatema shear zone, northeastern Tanzania. The area is composed of the following rock types: pelitic and semi-pelitic gneisses, psammitic, hydrothermally altered including carbonate-rich, carbonate-gypsum-rich, and iron-rich rocks, pegmatite dykes and crystalline limestones. Trace element characteristics of the principal rock units in and outside the shear zone have been compiled and studied. With the exception of higher barium contents in pelites, trace element contents in the psammitic and pelitic gneisses show some similarities while in the hydrothermally …

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Pretreatment Of Robusta Coffee Hulls And Co-Digestion With Cow-Dung For Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion, A. K. Kivaisi Dec 2002

Pretreatment Of Robusta Coffee Hulls And Co-Digestion With Cow-Dung For Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion, A. K. Kivaisi

Tanzania Journal of Science

The effect of alkali pre-treatment on anaerobic digestion of Robusta coffee hulls with a lignin content of 29% was studied in batch culture at 55˚C. In order to investigate the effect of cow dung in minimising the effect of coffee-based inhibitory compounds, digestion experiments were performed with blends of pre-treated and non-treated coffee hulls and cow dung with 0,5,10,20,30,50,75 and 100% coffee hulls at a total volatile solids concentration of 1.8g/l fermentation volume. Methane production increased with increase in coffee hulls concentration up to 30% for both substrates. The lowest production was observed at 100% non-treated coffee hulls. Methane production …

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Assessment Of Wind Energy Potential For Eletricity Generation In Setchet, Hanang, Tanzania, A. S. Kasasi, R. M. Kainkwa Dec 2002

Assessment Of Wind Energy Potential For Eletricity Generation In Setchet, Hanang, Tanzania, A. S. Kasasi, R. M. Kainkwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Tanzania depends heavily on hydropower for her electricity demand and experiences power shortage during the dry seasons. Wind energy is proposed as an alternative source of electricity to the fossil fuel generators during the dry season, the latter are normally used to supplement the shortfall in hydro-electricity generation. Fossil fuel generators produce emissions that are toxic and as such degrade the environment. Wind speed data from a site called Setchet is used to illustrate that the available wind energy can be harvested to generate electricity that can supplement the shortfall of electricity. The windy season, which is from July to …

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Morphometrics Of The Pancake Tortoise (Malacochersus Tornieri) In Tanzania, J. Kabigumila Dec 2002

Morphometrics Of The Pancake Tortoise (Malacochersus Tornieri) In Tanzania, J. Kabigumila

Tanzania Journal of Science

Observations were made of the morphometrics of captive pancake tortoise (Malacochersus tornieri) in June 1995. Carapace length ranges for immature tortoises and adult males and females were 50-115, 123-160 and 129-171 mm respectively. The respective carapace widths were 45-90, 97-130, and 92-129 and 97-130 mm. Carapace height ranges were 15-29, 25-40 and 117-159 mm, respectively, while plastron length ranges were 45-110, 108-150 and 117-159 mm. The relationships between carapace length and width (males: y = 13.763+0.639x; females: y = 17.302+0.639x) and height (males: y=6.851+0.170x, females: y = 17.274+0.170x) were isometric and sexually dimorphic in adults. The relationship between carapace length …

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Sexual Dimorphism In The Mandibles Of A Homogenius Black Population Of Tanzania, F. M. Fabian, R. Mpembeni Dec 2002

Sexual Dimorphism In The Mandibles Of A Homogenius Black Population Of Tanzania, F. M. Fabian, R. Mpembeni

Tanzania Journal of Science

Mandibles of known age and gender from cadavers of Tanzanian Bantu population were studied to determine if the human mandible could be sexually dimorphic in a homogenous population. All mandibles were measured using electronic two-digit millimetre veneer calliper. All of the male (100%) and 96% of the female mandibles were positively sexed. The present study indicates that the mandible of the Tanzanian Bantu population possesses metric parameters that make it sexually dimorphic. More studies, involving other Tanzanian groups, might reveal racial or ethnic differences based on mandibular morphometrics.

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Structural Evolution Of The Kilombero Rift Basin In Central Tanzania, A. H. Mruma Dec 2002

Structural Evolution Of The Kilombero Rift Basin In Central Tanzania, A. H. Mruma

Tanzania Journal of Science

Detailed geological and structural investigations at the northwestern scarp of the Cenozoic Kilombero Rift allow the drawing of its structural evolution and establishment of stress conditions that prevailed at the different deformational episodes at this rift zone. The structure, where the northwestern scarp of the Cenozoic Kilombero Rift System is located, starts by ductile deformation of granitic and gabbroic rock masses leading to the formation gneissic fabric and b-mineral lineation in the rocks. This deformation is of Precambrian age (most probably a Pan African deformation) and its kinematics are characterized by 320˚/20˚ tectonic transport direction (λ1). Later the area was …

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Effect Of Cement Production On Vegetation In A Part Of Southwestern Nigeria, A. T. Salami, A. I. Farounbi, J. I. Muoghalu Dec 2002

Effect Of Cement Production On Vegetation In A Part Of Southwestern Nigeria, A. T. Salami, A. I. Farounbi, J. I. Muoghalu

Tanzania Journal of Science

The impact of cement dust emissions from the factory of West African Portland Cement at Ewekoro in Southwestern Nigeria on the surrounding vegetation was investigated. Sample plots of 20 m x 20 m were established at 1 km intervals from the factory site up to a distance of 10 km intervals from the factory site up to a distance of 10 km in the four cardinal directions. Leaves of common species were randomly selected for chlorophyll content analysis, leaf abundance and leaf area measurement. Woody as well as herbaceous species encountered within the established plots were enumerated, while soil samples …

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