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Articles 301 - 330 of 639
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Integrated Mobile And Web-Based Application For Enhancing Delivery Of Hiv/Aids Healthcare Information In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa
Integrated Mobile And Web-Based Application For Enhancing Delivery Of Hiv/Aids Healthcare Information In Tanzania, Ibrahim Mwammenywa
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This study aims to develop an integrated e-health platform for enhancing delivery of HIV/AIDS healthcare information in Tanzania, which consists of a mobile application and a web-based system. The study is based on the system's functional and non-functional requirements for an e-health system for delivery of HIV/AIDS healthcare information. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) model was adopted during the system development. The system requirements were modelled into Data Flow Diagram (DFD) in order to obtain the clear flow of the HIV/AIDS healthcare information between the clients and HIV/AIDS healthcare practitioners. With the use of different software development tools and environment …
Land Use/Cover Change And Their Impacts On Streamflow In Kikuletwa Catchment Of Pangani River Basin, Tanzania, Upendo Msovu
Land Use/Cover Change And Their Impacts On Streamflow In Kikuletwa Catchment Of Pangani River Basin, Tanzania, Upendo Msovu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Streamflow perturbation is highly prevalent in Kikuletwa catchment. However, little is known concerning land use/cover change (LULCC) with regard to streamflow perturbation in the catchment. This study aims to detect the historical and predict future LULCC and assess their impacts on streamflow amounts using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Supervised classification of Landsat imagery data for 1985, 2000 and 2015 years was done in ERDAS 14 Imagine software. Future prediction of LULCC was done using Module for Land Use Change Evaluation (MOLUSCE) tool, a QGIS plug-in. An accuracy ranging from 79% to 82% was obtained for all …
The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1
The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Worldwide, every day human beings generate millions of tons of Faecal Sludge (FS), which is rich in water, nutrients, energy, and organic compounds. Yet FS is not being managed in a way that permits us to derive value from its reuse, while at the same time, millions of farmers struggle with depleted soils and lack of water. In most of the developing countries, energy for cooking is mainly derived from cutting of trees, either as wood or charcoal. Resource recovery and reuse from FS can create livelihoods, enhance food security, support green economies, reduce waste and contribute to cost recovery …
Prediction Of Haul Units’ Requirements For The Open Pit Mines Operating Towards Closure, Bartłomiej Skawina
Prediction Of Haul Units’ Requirements For The Open Pit Mines Operating Towards Closure, Bartłomiej Skawina
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The determination of haul units is one of the important steps in the equipment selection process. The process should aim at minimizing the operational costs and create an optimal match for the haulage system. When open pit mines operating towards closure, reducing the operational costs results in significant gaining, and the savings can be used to implement some of the closure plans. In this paper, the prediction of haul units for an open pit mine which operates towards the final pit limit was analysed using discrete event simulation and multiple linear regressions. The result shows that the changes in production …
Practical Approach For Removal Of Natural Organic Matter And Defluoridation Of Maji Ya Chai River Water: Use Of Acid Pre-Treated Bone Char And Coagulants, Godfrey Mbabaye
Practical Approach For Removal Of Natural Organic Matter And Defluoridation Of Maji Ya Chai River Water: Use Of Acid Pre-Treated Bone Char And Coagulants, Godfrey Mbabaye
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The removal of natural organic matter (NOM) and fluoride from Maji ya Chai River water (MCRW) using bone char (BC) and coagulants was investigated. Fine BC particles ranging from 0.045 to 0.2 mm were used in a 1 litre half-filled container, stirred at 300 rpm for 60 min followed by addition of a commercial coagulant and allowed to settle for 24 hours to remove NOM. MCRW practicable and affordable defluoridation method for removal of NOM through defluoridation with BC pre-treated with 0.3 N HCl followed by coagulation with Poly-aluminium chloride (PACl) is proposed. Reduction of fluoride from 21 mg/L to …
Reviewing The Potential And Constraints Of Modified Technology Options For Faecal Sludge Management In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amour Seleman
Reviewing The Potential And Constraints Of Modified Technology Options For Faecal Sludge Management In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amour Seleman
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Cities in the developing world face the challenge of safe management of faecal sludge because of rapid population growth that overwhelms the sanitation infrastructure and services. In developing countries, only 50% of faecal sludge (FS) generated is safely managed the remaining portion is haphazardly disposed of in the environment risking public health and environment. In response to the urgent need for safely managed sanitation services, technological options for containment, desludging and transportation of FS are being modified. This paper reviewed current desludging practices and the potential of modified technological options for addressing FSM at containment, desludging, and transportation in Dar …
Blind Algorithm Development For Peak To Average Power Ratio Reduction In Ofdm Systems Under Frequency Selective Channels, Kwame S. Ibwe
Blind Algorithm Development For Peak To Average Power Ratio Reduction In Ofdm Systems Under Frequency Selective Channels, Kwame S. Ibwe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
One major drawback of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is peak to average power ratio (PAPR). This effect causes high power amplifier (HPA) to introduce intermodulation and out of band radiation as the signal goes through, thus degrades the performance of OFDM systems. This paper proposes blind algorithms which takes advantage of signal transformation technique and signal distortion technique. Simulation results show that at complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) level of 10-3, the proposed algorithm achieved 3.2 dB PAPR improvement compared to discrete Fourier transform with interleaved frequency division multiple access (DFT-IFDMA) based algorithm. The bit error rate (BER) …
The Comparative Analysis Of The Performances Of Four And Six Pole Pairs Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator, Ra Msuya
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Wind power applications using multi-poles permanent magnet generators have become very attractive especially in small ratings. Low-speed multi-pole PM generators are maintenance-free and may be used in different climate conditions. Most of the low speed wind turbine generators presented is permanent magnet machines, which have advantages of high efficiency and reliability since there is no need of external excitation and conductor losses are removed from the rotor. From the study two types of PM AC generator are designed with 6 pole pairs and the other one with 4 pole pairs. These generators were designed and analysed using Maxwell software. The …
Linking Quality Management Practices With Performance Of Manufacturing Industries In Tanzania, Mussa Iddi Mgwatu Dr.
Linking Quality Management Practices With Performance Of Manufacturing Industries In Tanzania, Mussa Iddi Mgwatu Dr.
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Local products of manufacturing industries in Tanzania are subjected to intense competition in the markets. Product quality is one of key factors that play a considerable role for manufacturing industries to win the competitive advantage. This paper attempts to analyse the extents of quality management practices (QMP) and manufacturing performance (MP) as well as to examine the linkage between practices and performance. Data was collected from seventy-eight (78) manufacturing industries in Dar es Salaam region using questionnaires comprising of both single-item and multi-item questions. Descriptive statistics was used to quantify the extent of quality management practices and manufacturing performance (MP) …
Influence Of Tempering And Cryogenic Treatment On Retained Austenite And Residual Stresses In Carbonitrided 18crnimo7-6 Low Alloy Steel, Richard Katemi
Influence Of Tempering And Cryogenic Treatment On Retained Austenite And Residual Stresses In Carbonitrided 18crnimo7-6 Low Alloy Steel, Richard Katemi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This work investigated the influence of tempering conditions coupled with cryogenic treatment on thermal stabilization of retained austenite and residual stress distributions in carbonitrided 18CrNiMo76 low alloy steel samples. The carbonitriding conditions were set to enable attaining surface carbon and nitrogen content of 0.87 and 0.34 mass.-percent respectively. After carbonitriding, some of the samples were subjected to varying tempering conditions followed by cryogenic treatment at-120 °C using nitrogen gas. Analysis of both retained austenite and residual stresses was conducted using X-ray diffraction. In the as-quenched state, carbonitrided samples contained 52 mass.-percent. Samples that were directly subjected to the cryogenic treatment …
Development Of Improved Characteristic Equations For Lake Rukwa In Tanzania, Patrick Valimba Dr
Development Of Improved Characteristic Equations For Lake Rukwa In Tanzania, Patrick Valimba Dr
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Often Lake Rukwa characteristics have been misreported in literature giving different volumes and surface areas at similar water surface elevations. This study aimed at establishing reliable lake characteristics elevation-area-storage equations for Lake Rukwa by utilising all available data and information to define the bathymetry and derive characteristic equations. A procedure was developed that combines historical lake extents, spot heights from topographical maps and surveyed lake bathymetry to define refined bathymetry to levels it has never reached. It combined spot heights around the lake and selected 13,934 surveyed points (from 107,938 available) within the lake confined by the 820 m land …
Potential Use Of High Rate Algae Ponds For Resource Recovery In The Water-Food-Energy Nexus For Tanzania: A Review, Mary Kayombo
Potential Use Of High Rate Algae Ponds For Resource Recovery In The Water-Food-Energy Nexus For Tanzania: A Review, Mary Kayombo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The use of High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAPs) for the treatment of wastewater and resource recovery has raised interest in recent years. Treatment of wastewater through this technology has proved to have high efficiency in reducing the level of pollution, nutrients, dissolved solids as well as pathogens. HRAPs are more efficient than conventional Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (WSPs) due to their design approach that provides room for high rate bio-chemical processes, which increase the mechanisms of nutrients and pathogens removal as well as the rate of micro-algae production for purposes of resource recovery. This paper reviews the upgrading potential of existing …
Research Methodology Adopted In Developing Tansse-L System, Ellen Kalinga
Research Methodology Adopted In Developing Tansse-L System, Ellen Kalinga
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Research methodology is among the very important part in a research work. It is the heart which describe the activities necessary for the completion of the research work. Research methodology provides a plan of investigation considered to obtain answers to research problems and it depends on the context of application. This paper presents the research methodology adopted when developing Tanzania Secondary Schools e-Learning (TanSSe-L) system, a learning management system (LMS) which was successfully developed through customization of Moodle open source LMS. TanSSe-L system is a context centered platform for secondary schools in Tanzania. TanSSe-L system was developed using a number …
Experimental Study On The Effect Of Moisture On Bolt Embedment And Connection Loaded Parallel To Grain For Timber Structures, Henry Meleki Kiwelu
Experimental Study On The Effect Of Moisture On Bolt Embedment And Connection Loaded Parallel To Grain For Timber Structures, Henry Meleki Kiwelu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Connections are critical parts of timber structures, transmitting static and dynamic forces between structural elements. The ultimate behaviour of a building depends strongly on the structural configuration and the capacity of its connections. The complete collapse of a building or other less extensive accidents that may occur usually start as a local failure inside or in the vicinity of a joint. The main aim of this study has been to investigate if the short-term capacity of steel-wood dowel joints loaded parallel to the grain is affected by variations in moisture content associated with post fabrication drying or wetting of the …
Nonlinear Direct Torque Control Of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive, Jackson Justo
Nonlinear Direct Torque Control Of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive, Jackson Justo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper presents a nonlinear direct torque control (NDTC) strategy of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) for electric vehicle (EV) propulsion. The proposed NDTC scheme applies a nonlinear model of IPMSM to dynamically determine the optimal switching states that optimize the EV drivers’ decision to reduce the workload. Moreover, the proposed NDTC method has a simple control structure and can explicitly handle system constraints and nonlinearities. The performance evaluation is conducted via a prototype IPMSM test-bed with a TMS320F28335 DSP. Comparative experimental results provide the evidence of improvements of the proposed NDTC strategy over the conventional DTC strategy by …
Material Flow Analysis As A Decision Supporting Tool For Faecal Sludge Resource Recovery: Mathematical Formulation And Quantification, Isabela Thomas Mkude
Material Flow Analysis As A Decision Supporting Tool For Faecal Sludge Resource Recovery: Mathematical Formulation And Quantification, Isabela Thomas Mkude
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
In this work, a conceptual framework for faecal sludge (FS) management and resource recovery in Dar es Salaam city was developed. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) approach was used to assess and quantify the current materials and nutrients to support on decisions for nutrient recovery and minimize environmental pollution in three unplanned settlements of Manzese, Keko and Kipawa in Dar es Salaam city. Nitrogen and Phosphorus were chosen as indicators for the evaluation of the process. The results showed that about 75% of the Dar es Salaam city population relies on pit latrines and 15% connected to septic tanks, translating to …
Assessment Of Surface Water Resources In Great Ruaha River Sub-Basin Tanzania: Application Of Weap Model For Water Allocation And Utilization Impacts Analysis, Deogratias Mulungu
Assessment Of Surface Water Resources In Great Ruaha River Sub-Basin Tanzania: Application Of Weap Model For Water Allocation And Utilization Impacts Analysis, Deogratias Mulungu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The Great Ruaha River (GRR) sub-basin is one of the most important waterways in Tanzania as it supports important economic activities. The sub-basin is progressively faced with an inevitable situation of increasing water demand among competing users while the quantity and quality of water is diminishing. The focus of this study was to assess allocation of existing (2012) and future (up to 2025) quantities of surface water in the GRR sub-basin with consideration of priorities given in the Tanzania Water Resources Management Act, 2009 in the order: domestic, environment, agriculture, livestock and non-domestic. Simulation of water allocation scenarios of irrigation …
Low Voltage Ride Through Enhancement For Wind Turbines Equipped With Dfig Under Symmetrical Grid Faults, Francis Mwasilu
Low Voltage Ride Through Enhancement For Wind Turbines Equipped With Dfig Under Symmetrical Grid Faults, Francis Mwasilu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
In modern power systems with significant penetration of wind-turbines (WTs), improvement of low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of WTs equipped with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) is an important issue. Thus, this paper proposes a low voltage ride through (LVRT) strategy, which comprise of a capacitor connected in series with an inductor both connected in parallel to a resistor. The configuration is then connected to a small series resistor via a pair of antiparallel-Thyristors. The circuit and its switching control scheme of the proposed LVRT circuit are designed to: minimize the transition times, maintain the RSC connection to the rotor-windings, …
Modelling Transport Of Nitrogen Compounds In Geita Wetland Along Mtakuja River, Ezrael Masawe
Modelling Transport Of Nitrogen Compounds In Geita Wetland Along Mtakuja River, Ezrael Masawe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The impacts of excessive nitrogen loading to streams in a watershed occur in the receiving waters such as rivers at the outlet of the watershed. To quantify the impacts of land use and management practices on the nitrogen loading at the watershed outlet, simulation models are needed that can both predict the nitrogen loading at the edge of individual fields and predict the fate of nitrogen as it moves through the river network to the watershed outlet. This paper presents the results of a model analysis for describing the processes governing transformations and transport of nitrogen compounds (NO3-N and NH4-N) …
Analysis Of Drought Using Meteorological And Microwave Remote Sensed Data: A Case Of Wami Watershed, Tanzania, Deogratias Mulungu
Analysis Of Drought Using Meteorological And Microwave Remote Sensed Data: A Case Of Wami Watershed, Tanzania, Deogratias Mulungu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Agricultural sector is important for the economy of Tanzania, but in recent years there is decline in its growth and performance because of persistent droughts. An in-depth study of droughts was conducted on Wami watershed through rainfall and satellite microwave remote sensing data leading for estimates of meteorological droughts and soil moisture based droughts, respectively. Rainfall data during 1973-2008 was used to obtain Drought Severity Index (DSI) and active imaging microwave radar data during 1997-2009 from ESA’s SAR missions of ENVISAT and ERS was used to obtain soil moisture anomalies (SMA). Soil map was used to explain discrepancies in droughts …
The Fate Of Nitrogen And Faecal Coliform In The Lubigi Wetland In Uganda, Aloyce Mayo
The Fate Of Nitrogen And Faecal Coliform In The Lubigi Wetland In Uganda, Aloyce Mayo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The capacity of the Lubigi wetland to reduce nitrogen and faecal coliform pollution entering Lake Kyoga in Uganda was investigated. Three transects with 5 sampling points in each, were established in the wetland. Wetland plants samples were collected from the specific locations along the transects, and laboratory tests and analyses were carried out for plants biomass and nitrogen contents determination. Samples of wetland sediments were also collected, and laboratory tests and analyses were done for determination of nitrogen content in the sediments. Wetland water samples were taken from the main wetland inlet and the main outlet from the wetland main …
Effects Of Methyl-Blue Addition In Sewage Substrate On The Performance Of Microbial Fuel Cell, Joseph H. Kihedu Dr.
Effects Of Methyl-Blue Addition In Sewage Substrate On The Performance Of Microbial Fuel Cell, Joseph H. Kihedu Dr.
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Experimental study was undertaken to evaluate performance of microbial fuel cell. Without addition of methyl blue, the cell generated 1.265 V, 0.403 mA and 56.12 mW/m2 after three hours of operation. With 300 µM methyl blue in sewage anolyte, 6.7% increase in voltage, 20.5% increase in current and 28.6% increase in power density was observed. By using ash water catholyte, addition of methyl blue in anolyte led to increase of 9.0% in voltage, 38.5% in current and 50.9% for power density. Between three and twenty four hours of continuous operation of the cell with phosphate buffer catholyte, the average voltage …
Removal Of Organic Material In Free Water Surface Gravel Bed Filters, Aloyce Mayo
Removal Of Organic Material In Free Water Surface Gravel Bed Filters, Aloyce Mayo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The removal of organic material in free surface gravel bed filters was investigated and modelled. Two pilot wetland units of 7.5m x 1.5m x 0.7m were constructed adjacent to the University of Dar es Salaam waste stabilization ponds to receive maximum organic and hydraulic loading rates of less than 185 kg/ha/d and 110 l/m2/d, respectively. These units received wastewater of domestic characteristics from primary stabilization pond. The entire depth of 0.7 m of the wetland units were packed with gravel of size 8 ~ 25 mm and porosity of 35%. Samples were collected from the influent and effluent of wetland …
Moisture Induced Deformations In Glulam Members - Experiments And 3-D Finite Element Model, Henry Meleki Kiwelu
Moisture Induced Deformations In Glulam Members - Experiments And 3-D Finite Element Model, Henry Meleki Kiwelu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Experiments were performed on scaled glue laminated bending specimens to observe time dependent development of deformations during drying and wetting. Measurements determined changes in the average moisture content and external shape and dimensions between when specimens were placed into constant or variable climates. Alterations in the external shape and dimensions reflected changes in the average value and distribution of moisture and mechanosorptive creep in the glulam. The results are being used to develop a sequentially-coupled three-dimensional hygrothermal Finite Element (FE) model for predicting temporally varying internal strains and external deformations of drying or wetting solid wood structural components. The model …
Handling Of Syringe Sharps In A Non-Incineration Health Care Waste Disposal, Tito Mwinuka
Handling Of Syringe Sharps In A Non-Incineration Health Care Waste Disposal, Tito Mwinuka
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
An attempt has been made by the R&D team of the University of Dar es Salaam to design and manufacture two needle cutter prototypes, a manually operated and an automatic needle cutter to be used in rural and urban areas, respectively. This is part of the UNDP and WHO efforts aimed at promoting the non-burn medical waste disposal technologies in developing countries such as Argentina, India, Latvia, Lebanon, Philippines, Senegal, Tanzania and Vietnam. The project also involves designing and manufacturing of the autoclaves for sterilizing of needle cutters and other infectious medical waste. The use of needle cutters in hospitals …
Design And Manufacture Of A Waste Compactor Prototype: A Step Towards Implementing A Non-Burn Health Care Waste Disposal In Developing Countries, Tito Mwinuka
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Non-burn technology is the only safe way of handling and disposing infectious healthcare waste. It involves steam treatment of infectious waste at temperatures higher than 121 o C for a minimum of 30 minutes before disposing them just like other municipal waste. Infectious healthcare waste is normally only about 10 25% of all healthcare waste. In this paper, design, manufacturing and testing of a waste compactor for reducing waste volume to facilitate its handling is discussed. Preliminary tests show that the waste volume can be reduced to less than 10% of its original volume using the developed compactor. Waste compactors …
Ict Adoption And Use In Tanzania Smes, Cuthbert Msuya
Ict Adoption And Use In Tanzania Smes, Cuthbert Msuya
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The purpose of this paper was to establish the status of ICTs adoption and use in Tanzania SMEs. Previously, it was shown that there is a shortage of comprehensive, accurate and up to date data on many aspects of the SMEs sector including the level of ICT adoption and use. This has affected government efforts aimed at development of this important sector in the economic development of the country. Results show that: (i) By year 2014, adoption of ICTs in SMEs had grown from almost non-existence in year 2004 to 80.1% computer technology use, and over 56.6% for use of …
Restoration Of Historic Buildings In Zanzibar, John K. Makunza Jkm
Restoration Of Historic Buildings In Zanzibar, John K. Makunza Jkm
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Looking at current state of most repaired historic buildings in Stone Town of Zanzibar, it is quite clear that the repair attempts made have not been very successful. Modern materials and techniques introduced in the repair works have often proven to be incompatible with the original materials causing accelerated deterioration of buildings fabric. This shows that, there is no comprehensive study undertaken so far on identifying the appropriate materials and restoration techniques. To solve this problem, a study has been made with the main objective of developing the means of restoring historic buildings by using materials existing in Stone Town …
Properties Of Boards Made From Rice Husk And Portland Cement As Binders And Reinforced With Sisal Fibres, Alex Mrema
Properties Of Boards Made From Rice Husk And Portland Cement As Binders And Reinforced With Sisal Fibres, Alex Mrema
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
A research study demonstrated that rice husks can be used to manufacture boards which can be used in low cost housing if bound by Portland limestone cement (CEM II/A-L/ 32.5R) and reinforced with sisal fibers to cater for their brittle behavior and that such boards can provide a substitute for wood panels. Boards made of rice husks and cement in the ratios of 1/3.3, 1/ 3.6 and 1/4 and with sisal fiber reinforcement contents of 0%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.8% were prepared and tested for their physical and mechanical properties. The results were compared with standard requirements for boards made …
Assessment Of Quality Stability Of Composite Flours Produced By Dar Es Salaam Smes, Leonard Rweyemamu
Assessment Of Quality Stability Of Composite Flours Produced By Dar Es Salaam Smes, Leonard Rweyemamu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
A study was conducted to assess quality stability of cereal flours processed by food processing SMEs in Dar es Salaam. This product is obtained by mixing various cereal grains and is considered as of higher nutritional values in Tanzania. The shelf-life was predicted by determining water activity (aw) and moisture content (MC) levels and plotting the water sorption isotherms (MSI). Ninety per cent of investigated samples (N=78) were found packaged in the materials of various quality conditions. It was found that the packaging materials mostly used is plastic films (63%), paper packets/bags (26%), hard papers (3%), plastic jars (1%) and …