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Articles 871 - 900 of 1483
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Eims Fragmentation And Mrm Quantification Of Bacterial Metabolites Of The Sea Ice Biomarker Proxy Ip25in Arctic Sediments., Jean François Rontani, Claude Aubert, Simon T. Belt
Eims Fragmentation And Mrm Quantification Of Bacterial Metabolites Of The Sea Ice Biomarker Proxy Ip25in Arctic Sediments., Jean François Rontani, Claude Aubert, Simon T. Belt
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
RATIONALE: 3,9,13-trimethyl-6-(1,5-dimethylhexyl)-tetradecan-1,2-diol and 2,8,12-trimethyl-5-(1,5-dimethylhexyl)-tridecanoic acid appear to be produced during the bacterial metabolism of IP25, a highly branched isoprenoid lipid often employed for past Arctic sea ice reconstruction. Characterization and quantification of these metabolites in sediments are essential to determine if bacterial degradation may exert a significant influence on IP25-based palaeo sea ice reconstructions. METHODS: EIMS fragmentation pathways of 3,9,13-trimethyl-6-(1,5-dimethylhexyl)-tetradecan-1,2-diol and 2,8,12-trimethyl-5-(1,5-dimethylhexyl)-tridecanoic acid TMS derivatives were investigated. These pathways were deduced by: (i) low energy CID-GC/MS/MS, (ii) accurate mass measurement and (iii) deuterium labelling. RESULTS: CID-MS/MS analyses, accurate mass measurement and deuterium labelling experiments enabled us to elucidate the EIMS …
Improved Interpretation Of Mercury Intrusion And Soil Water Retention Percolation Characteristics By Inverse Modelling And Void Cluster Analysis, G. Peter Matthews, Charlotte L. Levy, Giuliano M. Laudone, Katie L. Jones, Cathy J. Ridgway, I Halllin, S. Andrea Gazze, Lewis Francis, W. Richard Whalley, Joachim Schoelkopf, Patrick A.C. Gane
Improved Interpretation Of Mercury Intrusion And Soil Water Retention Percolation Characteristics By Inverse Modelling And Void Cluster Analysis, G. Peter Matthews, Charlotte L. Levy, Giuliano M. Laudone, Katie L. Jones, Cathy J. Ridgway, I Halllin, S. Andrea Gazze, Lewis Francis, W. Richard Whalley, Joachim Schoelkopf, Patrick A.C. Gane
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This work addresses two continuing fallacies in the interpretation of percolation characteristics of porous solids. The first is that the first derivative (slope) of the intrusion characteristic of the non-wetting fluid or drainage characteristic of the wetting fluid corresponds to the void size distribution, and the second is that the sizes of all voids can be measured. The fallacies are illustrated with the aid of the PoreXpert® inverse modelling package. A new void analysis method is then described, which is an add-on to the inverse modelling package and addresses the second fallacy. It is applied to three widely contrasting …
Sorption Of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients In Untreated Wastewater Effluent And Effect Of Dilution In Freshwater: Implications For An “Impact Zone” Environmental Risk Assessment Approach, Simone Bagnis, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber
Sorption Of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients In Untreated Wastewater Effluent And Effect Of Dilution In Freshwater: Implications For An “Impact Zone” Environmental Risk Assessment Approach, Simone Bagnis, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Evidence of ecotoxicological effects of active pharmaceuticals ingredients (APIs) has increased research into their environmental fate. In low and low-middle income countries (LLMICs) the main source of APIs to surface waters is from discharge of untreated wastewater. Consequently, concentrations of APIs can be relatively high in the “impact zone” downstream of a discharge point. Little is known about the fate of APIs in these impact zones. In this laboratory scale investigation, the effect of successive dilution of synthetic untreated wastewater (dilution factor 1 to 10) on the distribution of APIs was studied. The sorption was consistent …
Food Energy Availability From Agriculture At The Farm-Level In Southeastern Nigeria: Level, Composition And Determinants, S Rahman, Cd Chima
Food Energy Availability From Agriculture At The Farm-Level In Southeastern Nigeria: Level, Composition And Determinants, S Rahman, Cd Chima
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Among the four pillars of ‘food security’ (i.e., ‘food availability’, ‘food accessibility’, ‘food stability’ and ‘food utilization’), ‘food availability (FA)’ underpins the core concept because at the micro-level it is strongly related to the overall availability of food, which is determined by domestic food production, food imports and food aid. This paper examines the level of food energy availability (FEA) at the farm level, relationships between farm size and FEA and the determinants of FEA based on a survey of 400 households from Ebonyi and Anambra States of Southeastern Nigeria. FEA in this study refers to Partial Food Energy Availability …
Environment-Smart Agriculture And Mapping Of Interactions Among Environmental Factors At The Farm Level: A Directed Graph Approach, N-E Sabiha, S Rahman
Environment-Smart Agriculture And Mapping Of Interactions Among Environmental Factors At The Farm Level: A Directed Graph Approach, N-E Sabiha, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Environment-smart agriculture (ESA) aims at sustaining increased agricultural production while limiting negative impacts on the environment. The present study develops an index of composite on-farm environmental impacts (COEI) as a proxy measure to evaluate ESA and validates the index by mapping interactions amongst agriculture related environmental impacts and potential constraints to practice ESA by using the directed graph approach. The cost of mitigation to practice ESA was calculated by estimating the cost of reducing on-farm environmental impacts by using the damage–cost method. The approach was empirically applied to a sample of 317 High Yielding Variety (HYV) rice farms from three …
Community Resilience In Rural China: The Case Of Hu Village, Sichuan Province, G Wilson, Z Hu, S Rahman
Community Resilience In Rural China: The Case Of Hu Village, Sichuan Province, G Wilson, Z Hu, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Building on conceptual frameworks to assess community resilience developed by Emery and Flora (2006) and Kelly et al. (2015), this study analyses the resilience of Hu village (Sichuan, China). The resilience of the village is assessed in the face of multiple and complex slow- and fast onset anthropogenic disturbances, especially the impacts of globalisation and modernisation, which have substantially transformed Chinese society. Hu village is typical for a rural community in transition affected by industrialisation, deagrarianisation, counter-urbanisation and changing stakeholder expectations and opportunities. This has been accompanied by agricultural depopulation, outmigration, increasing non-farm employment, declining agricultural incomes, and associated social …
Geoscience In A Rapidly Changing World: What Could Go Wrong?, Jr Zondervan
Geoscience In A Rapidly Changing World: What Could Go Wrong?, Jr Zondervan
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The application of geoscience to global development is starting to become more recognised. In particular, the role of geoscience in delivering the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals is discussed by some workers (e.g. Gill and Bullough, 2017). We are living through a time of rapid socio-political and economic change with the rise of globalisation, and it is an important time to ask what the role of geoscience will be in facilitating this change. Geoscience is increasingly supplying information about our environment on a global scale and applications are becoming more powerful. Deep ocean mining will respond to the rising demand for …
Diagenesis In Tephra-Rich Sediments From The Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc: Pore Fluid Constraints, Natalie A. Murray, James Mcmanus, Martin R. Palmer, Brian Haley, Hayley Manners
Diagenesis In Tephra-Rich Sediments From The Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc: Pore Fluid Constraints, Natalie A. Murray, James Mcmanus, Martin R. Palmer, Brian Haley, Hayley Manners
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Development Of A Chemical Source Apportionment Decision Support Framework For Lake Catchment Management, Sean D.W. Comber, Russell Smith, Peter Daldorph, Michael J. Gardner, Carlos Constantino, Brian Ellor
Development Of A Chemical Source Apportionment Decision Support Framework For Lake Catchment Management, Sean D.W. Comber, Russell Smith, Peter Daldorph, Michael J. Gardner, Carlos Constantino, Brian Ellor
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Increasing pressures on natural resources has led to the adoption of water quality standards to protect ecological and human health. Lakes and reservoirs are particularly vulnerable to pressure on water quality owing to long residence times compared with rivers. This has raised the question of how to determine and to quantify the sources of priority chemicals (e.g. nutrients, persistent organic pollutants and metals) so that suitable measures can be taken to address failures to comply with regulatory standards. Contaminants enter lakes waters from a range of diffuse and point sources. Decision support tools and models are …
The Ultimate Fate Of A Synmagmatic Shear Zone. Interplay Between Rupturing And Ductile Flow In A Cooling Granite Pluton, I Zibra, Jc White, L Menegon, G Dering, K Gessner
The Ultimate Fate Of A Synmagmatic Shear Zone. Interplay Between Rupturing And Ductile Flow In A Cooling Granite Pluton, I Zibra, Jc White, L Menegon, G Dering, K Gessner
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The Neoarchean Cundimurra Pluton (Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia) was emplaced incrementally along the transpressional Cundimurra Shear Zone. During syndeformational cooling, discrete networks of cataclasites and ultramylonites developed in the narrowest segment of the shear zone, showing the same kinematics as the earlier synmagmatic structures. Lithological boundaries between aplite/pegmatite veins and host granitic gneiss show more intense pre-cataclasite fabrics than homogeneous material, and these boundaries later became the preferred sites of shear rupture and cataclasite nucleation. Transient ductile instabilities established along lithological boundaries culminated in shear rupture at relatively high temperature (~500–600 °C). Here, tensile fractures at high angles from the …
Fluvial System Dynamics Derived From Distributed Sediment Budgets: Perspectives From An Uncertainty-Bounded Application, Pw Downs, S Dusterhoff, G Leverich, P Soar, N Napolitano
Fluvial System Dynamics Derived From Distributed Sediment Budgets: Perspectives From An Uncertainty-Bounded Application, Pw Downs, S Dusterhoff, G Leverich, P Soar, N Napolitano
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The utility of sediment budget analysis is explored in revealing spatio-temporal changes in the sediment dynamics and morphological responses of a fluvial system subject to significant human impacts during the recent Anthropocene. Sediment budgets require a data-intensive approach to represent spatially-differentiated impacts adequately and are subject to numerous estimation uncertainties. Here, field and topographic surveys, historical data, numerical modelling and a representative-area extrapolation method are integrated to construct a distributed, process-based sediment budget that addresses historical legacy factors for the highly regulated Lagunitas Creek (213 km2), California, USA, for the period 1983–2008. Independent corroboration methods and error propagation analysis produce …
Regional Trends In The Fractional Solubility Of Fe And Other Metals From North Atlantic Aerosols (Geotraces Cruises Ga01 And Ga03) Following A Two-Stage Leach, Rachel U. Shelley, William M. Landing, Simon J. Ussher, Helene Planquette, Geraldine Sarthou
Regional Trends In The Fractional Solubility Of Fe And Other Metals From North Atlantic Aerosols (Geotraces Cruises Ga01 And Ga03) Following A Two-Stage Leach, Rachel U. Shelley, William M. Landing, Simon J. Ussher, Helene Planquette, Geraldine Sarthou
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Precession And Atmospheric Co₂ Modulated Variability Of Sea Ice In The Central Okhotsk Sea Since 130,000 Years Ago, Li Lo, Simon T. Belt, Julie Lattaud, Tobias Friedrich, Christian Zeeden, Stefan Schouten, Lukas Smik, Axel Timmermann, Patricia Cabedo-Sanz, Jyh Jaan Huang, Liping Zhou, Tsong Hua Ou, Yuan Pin Chang, Lc Wang, Yu Min Chou, Chuan Chou Shen, Min Te Chen, Kuo Yen Wei, Sheng Rong Song, Tien Hsi Fang, Sergey A. Gorbarenko, Wl Wang, Teh Quei Lee, Henry Elderfield, David A. Hodell
Precession And Atmospheric Co₂ Modulated Variability Of Sea Ice In The Central Okhotsk Sea Since 130,000 Years Ago, Li Lo, Simon T. Belt, Julie Lattaud, Tobias Friedrich, Christian Zeeden, Stefan Schouten, Lukas Smik, Axel Timmermann, Patricia Cabedo-Sanz, Jyh Jaan Huang, Liping Zhou, Tsong Hua Ou, Yuan Pin Chang, Lc Wang, Yu Min Chou, Chuan Chou Shen, Min Te Chen, Kuo Yen Wei, Sheng Rong Song, Tien Hsi Fang, Sergey A. Gorbarenko, Wl Wang, Teh Quei Lee, Henry Elderfield, David A. Hodell
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Recent reduction in high-latitude sea ice extent demonstrates that sea ice is highly sensitive to external and internal radiative forcings. In order to better understand sea ice system responses to external orbital forcing and internal oscillations on orbital timescales, here we reconstruct changes in sea ice extent and summer sea surface temperature (SSST) over the past 130,000 yrs in the central Okhotsk Sea. We applied novel organic geochemical proxies of sea ice (IP 25 ), SSST (TEXL86) and open water marine productivity (a tri-unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid and biogenic opal) to marine sediment core MD01-2414 (53°11.77′N, …
Carbon Cycle History Through The Middle Jurassic (Aalenian – Bathonian) Of The Mecsek Mountains, Southern Hungary, Gregory D. Price, István Fozy, A Galacz
Carbon Cycle History Through The Middle Jurassic (Aalenian – Bathonian) Of The Mecsek Mountains, Southern Hungary, Gregory D. Price, István Fozy, A Galacz
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Arm Hooks Of Coleoid Cephalopods From The Jurassic Succession Of The Wessex Basin, Southern England, M. B. Hart, Z. Hughes, K. N. Page, G. D. Price, C. W. Smart
Arm Hooks Of Coleoid Cephalopods From The Jurassic Succession Of The Wessex Basin, Southern England, M. B. Hart, Z. Hughes, K. N. Page, G. D. Price, C. W. Smart
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2018 The Geologists' Association The Jurassic succession of the Wessex Basin – especially that cropping out within the Dorset and East Devon Coast World Heritage Site – contains important lagerstätten for coleoid cephalopods. The Blue Lias and Charmouth Mudstone formations of West Dorset, the Oxford Clay Formation of North Wiltshire and the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of Purbeck have provided large numbers of important body fossils that inform our knowledge of coleoid palaeobiology, including the hooks present in the arms. Isolated hooks are also found in the processed residues studied by micropalaeontologists and these occurrences can be used – in …
Do Pelagic Grazers Benefit From Sea Ice? Insights From The Antarctic Sea Ice Proxy Ipso25, Katrin Schmidt, Thomas Brown, Simon Belt, Louise Ireland, Kyle W.R. Taylor, Sally Thorpe, Peter Ward, Angus Atkinson
Do Pelagic Grazers Benefit From Sea Ice? Insights From The Antarctic Sea Ice Proxy Ipso25, Katrin Schmidt, Thomas Brown, Simon Belt, Louise Ireland, Kyle W.R. Taylor, Sally Thorpe, Peter Ward, Angus Atkinson
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Lead And Other Heavy Metals In Soils Impacted By Exterior Legacy Paint In Residential Areas Of South West England, Andrew Turner, Madeleine Lewis
Lead And Other Heavy Metals In Soils Impacted By Exterior Legacy Paint In Residential Areas Of South West England, Andrew Turner, Madeleine Lewis
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Legacy paint on publicly-accessible structures in residential areas of Plymouth, UK (a bridge parapet, hospital railings, a goal frame, urban street paving and a telephone kiosk) and local paint-contaminated soils have been analysed for lead and other heavy metals (chromium, zinc and barium) by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Lead was detected in all paints analysed (n = 56) apart from two fragments of yellow road markings, with maximum concentrations exceeding 300 g kg − 1 . Soils were contaminated by Pb to varying degrees that depended on the condition and Pb content of the paint applications and …
Anthropogenic Signatures Of Lead In The Northeast Atlantic, D. Rusiecka, M. Gledhill, A. Milne, E. P. Achterberg, A. L. Annett, S. Atkinson, A. Birchill, J. Karstensen, M. Lohan, C. Mariez, R. Middag, J. M. Rolison, T. Tanhua, S. Ussher, D. Connelly
Anthropogenic Signatures Of Lead In The Northeast Atlantic, D. Rusiecka, M. Gledhill, A. Milne, E. P. Achterberg, A. L. Annett, S. Atkinson, A. Birchill, J. Karstensen, M. Lohan, C. Mariez, R. Middag, J. M. Rolison, T. Tanhua, S. Ussher, D. Connelly
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
A Database Of The Coseismic Effects Following The 30 October 2016 Norcia Earthquake In Central Italy, Fabio Villani, Riccardo Civico, Stefano Pucci, Luca Pizzimenti, Rosa Nappi, Martini Pm De, F. Agosta, G. Alessio, L. Alfonsi, M. Amanti, S. Amoroso, D. Aringoli, E. Auciello, R. Azzaro, S. Baize, S. Bello, L. Benedetti, A. Bertagnini, G. Binda, M. Bisson, A. M. Blumetti, L. Bonadeo, P. Boncio, P. Bornemann, S. Branca, T. Braun, F. Brozzetti, C. A. Brunori, P. Burrato, M. Caciagli, C. Campobasso, M. Carafa, F. R. Cinti, D. Cirillo, V. Comerci, L. Cucci, Ritis R De, G. Deiana, Carlo P Del, Rio L Del, A. Delorme, Manna P Di, Naccio D Di, L. Falconi, E. Falcucci, P. Farabollini, Walker Jp Faure, F. Ferrarini, M. F. Ferrario, M. Ferry, N. Feuillet, J. Fleury, U. Fracassi, C. Frigerio, F. Galluzzo, R. Gambillara, G. Gaudiosi, H. Goodall, S. Gori, L. C. Gregory, L. Guerrieri, S. Hailemikael, J. Hollingsworth, F. Iezzi, C. Invernizzi, D. Jablonská, E. Jacques, H. Jomard, V. Kastelic, Y. Klinger, G. Lavecchia, F. Leclerc, F. Liberi, A. Lisi, F. Livio, Lo Sardo, J. P. Malet, M. T. Mariucci, M. Materazzi, L. Maubant, F. Mazzarini, K. J.W. Mccaffrey, A. M. Michetti, Z. K. Mildon, P. Montone, M. Moro, R. Nave, M. Odin
A Database Of The Coseismic Effects Following The 30 October 2016 Norcia Earthquake In Central Italy, Fabio Villani, Riccardo Civico, Stefano Pucci, Luca Pizzimenti, Rosa Nappi, Martini Pm De, F. Agosta, G. Alessio, L. Alfonsi, M. Amanti, S. Amoroso, D. Aringoli, E. Auciello, R. Azzaro, S. Baize, S. Bello, L. Benedetti, A. Bertagnini, G. Binda, M. Bisson, A. M. Blumetti, L. Bonadeo, P. Boncio, P. Bornemann, S. Branca, T. Braun, F. Brozzetti, C. A. Brunori, P. Burrato, M. Caciagli, C. Campobasso, M. Carafa, F. R. Cinti, D. Cirillo, V. Comerci, L. Cucci, Ritis R De, G. Deiana, Carlo P Del, Rio L Del, A. Delorme, Manna P Di, Naccio D Di, L. Falconi, E. Falcucci, P. Farabollini, Walker Jp Faure, F. Ferrarini, M. F. Ferrario, M. Ferry, N. Feuillet, J. Fleury, U. Fracassi, C. Frigerio, F. Galluzzo, R. Gambillara, G. Gaudiosi, H. Goodall, S. Gori, L. C. Gregory, L. Guerrieri, S. Hailemikael, J. Hollingsworth, F. Iezzi, C. Invernizzi, D. Jablonská, E. Jacques, H. Jomard, V. Kastelic, Y. Klinger, G. Lavecchia, F. Leclerc, F. Liberi, A. Lisi, F. Livio, Lo Sardo, J. P. Malet, M. T. Mariucci, M. Materazzi, L. Maubant, F. Mazzarini, K. J.W. Mccaffrey, A. M. Michetti, Z. K. Mildon, P. Montone, M. Moro, R. Nave, M. Odin
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2018 The Author(s). We provide a database of the coseismic geological surface effects following the Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquake that hit central Italy on 30 October 2016. This was one of the strongest seismic events to occur in Europe in the past thirty years, causing complex surface ruptures over an area of > 400 km 2. The database originated from the collaboration of several European teams (Open EMERGEO Working Group; about 130 researchers) coordinated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. The observations were collected by performing detailed field surveys in the epicentral region in order to describe the …
The Role Of External Inputs And Internal Cycling In Shaping The Global Ocean Cobalt Distribution: Insights From The First Cobalt Biogeochemical Model, Alessandro Tagliabue, Nicholas J. Hawco, Randelle M. Bundy, William M. Landing, Angela Milne, Peter L. Morton, Mak A. Saito
The Role Of External Inputs And Internal Cycling In Shaping The Global Ocean Cobalt Distribution: Insights From The First Cobalt Biogeochemical Model, Alessandro Tagliabue, Nicholas J. Hawco, Randelle M. Bundy, William M. Landing, Angela Milne, Peter L. Morton, Mak A. Saito
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
©2018. The Authors. Cobalt is an important micronutrient for ocean microbes as it is present in vitamin B 12 and is a co-factor in various metalloenzymes that catalyze cellular processes. Moreover, when seawater availability of cobalt is compared to biological demands, cobalt emerges as being depleted in seawater, pointing to a potentially important limiting role. To properly account for the potential biological role for cobalt, there is therefore a need to understand the processes driving the biogeochemical cycling of cobalt and, in particular, the balance between external inputs and internal cycling. To do so, we developed the first cobalt model …
Restoring Water Quality In The Polluted Turag-Tongi-Balu River System, Dhaka: Modelling Nutrient And Total Coliform Intervention Strategies, Sdw Comber, P Whitehead, G Bussi, Ma Hossain, Et Al
Restoring Water Quality In The Polluted Turag-Tongi-Balu River System, Dhaka: Modelling Nutrient And Total Coliform Intervention Strategies, Sdw Comber, P Whitehead, G Bussi, Ma Hossain, Et Al
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
River water quality in rapidly urbanising Asian cities threatens to damage the resource base on which human health, economic growth and poverty reduction all depend. Dhaka reflects the challenges and opportunities for balancing these dynamic and complex trade-offs which goals can be achieved through effective policy interventions. There is a serious problem of water pollution in central Dhaka, in the Turag-Tongi-Balu River system in Bangladesh with the river system being one of the most polluted in the world at the moment. A baseline survey of water chemistry and total coliforms has been undertaken and shows dissolved oxygen close to zero …
The Distribution Of Lead Concentrations And Isotope Compositions In The Eastern Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Luke Bridgestock, M Rehkaemper, De Flierdt T Van, Maxence Paul, Angela Milne, Maeve C. Lohan, Eric P. Achterberg
The Distribution Of Lead Concentrations And Isotope Compositions In The Eastern Tropical Atlantic Ocean, Luke Bridgestock, M Rehkaemper, De Flierdt T Van, Maxence Paul, Angela Milne, Maeve C. Lohan, Eric P. Achterberg
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Concentrations And Migratabilities Of Hazardous Elements In Second-Hand Children's Plastic Toys., Andrew Turner
Concentrations And Migratabilities Of Hazardous Elements In Second-Hand Children's Plastic Toys., Andrew Turner
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
About 200 second-hand plastic toys sourced in the UK have been analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for hazardous elements (As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb, Se) and Br as a proxy for brominated flame retardants. Each element was detected in >20 toys or components thereof with the exception of As, Hg, and Se, with the frequent occurrence of Br, Cd, and Pb and at maximum concentrations of about 16000, 20000, and 5000 μg g-1, respectively, of greatest concern from a potential exposure perspective. Migration was evaluated on components of 26 toys under simulated stomach conditions (0.07 M HCl) with …
Sea Ice Dynamics Across The Mid-Pleistocene Transition In The Bering Sea, H. Detlef, S. T. Belt, S. M. Sosdian, L. Smik, C. H. Lear, I. R. Hall, P. Cabedo-Sanz, K. Husum, S. Kender
Sea Ice Dynamics Across The Mid-Pleistocene Transition In The Bering Sea, H. Detlef, S. T. Belt, S. M. Sosdian, L. Smik, C. H. Lear, I. R. Hall, P. Cabedo-Sanz, K. Husum, S. Kender
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
AbstractSea ice and associated feedback mechanisms play an important role for both long- and short-term climate change. Our ability to predict future sea ice extent, however, hinges on a greater understanding of past sea ice dynamics. Here we investigate sea ice changes in the eastern Bering Sea prior to, across, and after the Mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT). The sea ice record, based on the Arctic sea ice biomarker IP25 and related open water proxies from the International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1343, shows a substantial increase in sea ice extent across the MPT. The occurrence of late-glacial/deglacial sea ice maxima are …
Did Sea-Level Change Cause The Switch From Fissure-Type To Central-Type Volcanism At Mount Etna, Sicily?, Iain S. Stewart
Did Sea-Level Change Cause The Switch From Fissure-Type To Central-Type Volcanism At Mount Etna, Sicily?, Iain S. Stewart
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
One of the most intriguing aspects of the evolution of Mount Etna (eastern Sicily) is the switch from a fissure-type shield volcano coincident with the Ionian coast to an inland cluster of nested stratovolcanoes close to the currently active centre. Previous geological studies infer that the switch reflects a tectonicallydriven rearrangement of the major border faults that direct the Etnean plumbing system, loosely dated at around 125 ka BP. New offshore structural studies throw this prevailing view into question, whilst a revised chronological framework indicates that the transformation from fissure- to central-type activity was abrupt, effectively occurring 129-126 ka BP. …
Linking Martian Breccias Northwest Africa 11220 And Northwest Africa 7034 To The Martian Meteorite Family; Revisiting The Martian Nomenclature, Nr Stephen
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Determinants Of Pesticide Use In Food Crop Production In Southeastern Nigeria, S Rahman, C.D. Chima
Determinants Of Pesticide Use In Food Crop Production In Southeastern Nigeria, S Rahman, C.D. Chima
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The present study examines pesticide use in producing multiple food crops (i.e., rice, yam, and cassava) and identifies the range of socio-economic factors influencing pesticide use by 400 farmers from Ebonyi and Anambra states of Southeastern Nigeria using a Tobit model. Results reveal that 68% of the farmers grew at least two food crops. Overall, 41% of the farmers applied pesticides in at least one food crop, whereas 70% of the farmers producing both rice and yam applied pesticides. Pesticide use rates and costs vary significantly amongst farmers producing different food crops and crop combinations. Pesticide use rate is highest …
An Improved Model For The Ikaite-Glendonite Transformation: Evidence From The Lower Cretaceous Of Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Madeleine Vickers, Matthew Watkinson, Gregory D. Price, Rhodri Jerrett
An Improved Model For The Ikaite-Glendonite Transformation: Evidence From The Lower Cretaceous Of Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Madeleine Vickers, Matthew Watkinson, Gregory D. Price, Rhodri Jerrett
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Observational Study Unveils The Extensive Presence Of Hazardous Elements In Beached Plastics From Lake Geneva, Montserrat Filella, Andrew Turner
Observational Study Unveils The Extensive Presence Of Hazardous Elements In Beached Plastics From Lake Geneva, Montserrat Filella, Andrew Turner
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Complementary Biomarker-Based Methods For Characterising Arctic Sea Ice Conditions: A Case Study Comparison Between Multivariate Analysis And The Pip25index, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Simon T. Belt, Lukas Smik, Haoyi Yao, Giuliana Panieri, Jochen Knies
Complementary Biomarker-Based Methods For Characterising Arctic Sea Ice Conditions: A Case Study Comparison Between Multivariate Analysis And The Pip25index, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Simon T. Belt, Lukas Smik, Haoyi Yao, Giuliana Panieri, Jochen Knies
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd The discovery of IP 25 as a qualitative biomarker proxy for Arctic sea ice and subsequent introduction of the so-called PIP 25 index for semi-quantitative descriptions of sea ice conditions has significantly advanced our understanding of long-term paleo Arctic sea ice conditions over the past decade. We investigated the potential for classification tree (CT) models to provide a further approach to paleo Arctic sea ice reconstruction through analysis of a suite of highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) biomarkers in ca. 200 surface sediments from the Barents Sea. Four CT models constructed using different HBI assemblages revealed IP …