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Advancing The 3rs In Regulatory Ecotoxicology: A Pragmatic Cross-Sector Approach, N Burden, R Benstead, M Clook, I Doyle, P Edwards, Sk Maynard, K Ryder, D Sheahan, G Whale, Egmond R Van, Jr Wheeler, Th Hutchinson Jan 2016

Advancing The 3rs In Regulatory Ecotoxicology: A Pragmatic Cross-Sector Approach, N Burden, R Benstead, M Clook, I Doyle, P Edwards, Sk Maynard, K Ryder, D Sheahan, G Whale, Egmond R Van, Jr Wheeler, Th Hutchinson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The ecotoxicity testing of chemicals for prospective environmental safety assessment is an area in which a high number of vertebrates are used across a variety of industry sectors. Refining, reducing, and replacing the use of animals such as fish, birds, and amphibians for this purpose addresses the ethical concerns and the increasing legislative requirements to consider alternative test methods. Members of the UK-based National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) Ecotoxicology Working Group, consisting of representatives from academia, government organizations, and industry, have worked together over the past 6 y to provide evidence bases …


Slip-Partitioned Surface Ruptures For The Mw 7.0 16 April 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, Earthquake, Shinji Toda, Heitaro Kaneda, Shinsuke Okada, Daisuke Ishimura, Zoë K. Mildon Jan 2016

Slip-Partitioned Surface Ruptures For The Mw 7.0 16 April 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, Earthquake, Shinji Toda, Heitaro Kaneda, Shinsuke Okada, Daisuke Ishimura, Zoë K. Mildon

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Impacts Of Climate Change, Agroecology And Socio-Economic Factorson Agricultural Land Use Diversity In Bangladesh (1948–2008), S Rahman Jan 2016

Impacts Of Climate Change, Agroecology And Socio-Economic Factorson Agricultural Land Use Diversity In Bangladesh (1948–2008), S Rahman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The paper examines the impacts of climate change, agroecology and socio-economic factors on agricultural land use diversity (ALUD) using a panel data of 17 regions of Bangladesh covering a 61 year period (1948–2008) by applying a dynamic panel GMM estimator. Results revealed that ALUD and total rainfall have actually increased @ 0.19% and 0.02% per year whereas variability in temperature has declined @ 0.06% with significant differences across agroecological zones (AEZs). Among the climatic factors, total rainfall significantly increases ALUD. ALUD is also significantly influenced by agroecological characteristics. ALUD is significantly higher in Ganges River Floodplains but lower in Meghna …


Measuring Environmental Sustainability In Agriculture: A Composite Environmental Impact Index Approach, Ne Sabiha, R Salim, S Rahman, Mf Rola-Rubzen Jan 2016

Measuring Environmental Sustainability In Agriculture: A Composite Environmental Impact Index Approach, Ne Sabiha, R Salim, S Rahman, Mf Rola-Rubzen

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The present study develops a composite environmental impact index (CEII) to evaluate the extent of environmental degradation in agriculture after successfully validating its flexibility, applicability and relevance as a tool. The CEII tool is then applied to empirically measure the extent of environmental impacts of High Yield Variety (HYV) rice cultivation in three districts of north-western Bangladesh for a single crop year (October, 2012-September, 2013). Results reveal that 27 to 69 per cent of the theoretical maximum level of environmental damage is created due to HYV rice cultivation with significant regional variations in the CEII scores, implying that policy interventions …


Stratigraphic And Geochemical Expression Of Barremian–Aptian Global Climate Change In Arctic Svalbard, Madeleine L. Vickers, Ml, Gregory D. Price, Rhodri M. Jerrett, Matthew Watkinson Jan 2016

Stratigraphic And Geochemical Expression Of Barremian–Aptian Global Climate Change In Arctic Svalbard, Madeleine L. Vickers, Ml, Gregory D. Price, Rhodri M. Jerrett, Matthew Watkinson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Living Together In Student Accommodation: Performances, Boundaries And Homemaking, Mark Holton Jan 2016

Living Together In Student Accommodation: Performances, Boundaries And Homemaking, Mark Holton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Recent discussions of the geographies of students have drawn attention to the trajectories of UK students electing to leave home for university. While such debates recognise these important mobilities, little has been discussed as to how students interact within their term‐time accommodation. Through a qualitative study of the living arrangements of UK students, this paper will demonstrate that much can be drawn from focusing on the micro‐geographies of non‐local students within their term‐time homes. Student accommodation is more than simply somewhere to live. Student homes are intensely dynamic places, perhaps more so than family homes as they contain multiple, disconnected …


Pharmaceuticals In Soils Of Lower Income Countries: Physico-Chemical Fate And Risks From Wastewater Irrigation., Katherine Lees, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber Jan 2016

Pharmaceuticals In Soils Of Lower Income Countries: Physico-Chemical Fate And Risks From Wastewater Irrigation., Katherine Lees, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Population growth, increasing affluence, and greater access to medicines have led to an increase in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) entering sewerage networks. In areas with high wastewater reuse, residual quantities of APIs may enter soils via irrigation with treated, partially treated, or untreated wastewater and sludge. Wastewater used for irrigation is currently not included in chemical environmental risk assessments and requires further consideration in areas with high water reuse. This study critically assesses the contemporary understanding of the occurrence and fate of APIs in soils of low and lower-middle income countries (LLMIC) in order to contribute to the development of …


Developmental Toxicity Of Metaldehyde In The Embryos Of Lymnaea Stagnalis (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) Co-Exposed To The Synergist Piperonyl Butoxide, Katrina C. Hallett, Andrew Atfield, Sean Comber, Thomas H. Hutchinson Jan 2016

Developmental Toxicity Of Metaldehyde In The Embryos Of Lymnaea Stagnalis (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) Co-Exposed To The Synergist Piperonyl Butoxide, Katrina C. Hallett, Andrew Atfield, Sean Comber, Thomas H. Hutchinson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Monitoring Abiotic Degradation In Sinking Versus Suspended Arctic Sea Ice Algae During A Spring Ice Melt Using Specific Lipid Oxidation Tracers, Jean François Rontani, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Rémi Amiraux, Michel Gosselin, Frédéric Vaultier, Christopher J. Mundy Jan 2016

Monitoring Abiotic Degradation In Sinking Versus Suspended Arctic Sea Ice Algae During A Spring Ice Melt Using Specific Lipid Oxidation Tracers, Jean François Rontani, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Rémi Amiraux, Michel Gosselin, Frédéric Vaultier, Christopher J. Mundy

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Atomic Spectrometry Update: Review Of Advances In Elemental Speciation, Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Steve J. Hill, Yolanda Madrid, Julian F. Tyson Jan 2016

Atomic Spectrometry Update: Review Of Advances In Elemental Speciation, Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Steve J. Hill, Yolanda Madrid, Julian F. Tyson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This review covers advances in elemental speciation by a range of coupled techniques, including HPLC-ICP-MS, HPLC-HG-AFS and GC-ICP-MS.


From Warfare To Welfare: Veterans, Military Charities And The Blurred Spatiality Of Post-Service Welfare In The United Kingdom, Agatha Herman, Richard Yarwood Dec 2015

From Warfare To Welfare: Veterans, Military Charities And The Blurred Spatiality Of Post-Service Welfare In The United Kingdom, Agatha Herman, Richard Yarwood

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The military offers a form of welfare-for-work but when personnel leave they lose this safety net, a loss exacerbated by the rollback neoliberalism of the contemporary welfare state. Increasingly the third sector has stepped in to address veterans’ welfare needs through operating within and across military/civilian and state/market/community spaces and cultures. In this paper we use both veterans’ and military charities’ experiences to analyse the complex politics that govern the liminal boundary zone of post-military welfare. Through exploring ‘crossing’ and ‘bridging’ we conceptualise military charities as ‘boundary subjects’, active yet dependent on the continuation of the civilian-military binary, and argue …


Exploring The Potential To Improve Energy Saving And Energy Efficiency Using Fertilizer Deep Placement Strategy In Modern Rice Production In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Bk Barmon Dec 2015

Exploring The Potential To Improve Energy Saving And Energy Efficiency Using Fertilizer Deep Placement Strategy In Modern Rice Production In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Bk Barmon

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer plays an important role in modern rice production and is required in large amount because it is the most limited nutrient as well. The fertilizer deep placement (FDP) strategy is developed to improve efficiency of N fertilizer use and rice productivity. The present study estimates the extent of energy saving, productivity and efficiency impacts of FDP strategy in modern rice cultivation at the farm level in Bangladesh using a stochastic production frontier approach. A total sample of 200 rice farmers (100 FDP users and 100 conventional urea users) from a village of Jessore District is utilized. Results …


Agroecological, Climatic, Land Elevation And Socio-Economic Determinants Of Pesticide Use At The Farm Level In Bangladesh, S Rahman Dec 2015

Agroecological, Climatic, Land Elevation And Socio-Economic Determinants Of Pesticide Use At The Farm Level In Bangladesh, S Rahman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This study examines the influence of agroecology, climate, land elevation and socio-economic factors on pesticide use at the farm level using a large survey data of 2083 farms from 17 districts covering 10 agroecological zones in Bangladesh by applying a Tobit model. Overall, 75.4% of farmers used pesticides in any one crop. Within the pesticide users, pesticide use rate is highest in oilseed production estimated at BDT 2508.6ha−1 (3.74% of gross output value) followed by jute at BDT 1976.1ha−1 (1.88% of gross output value). Pesticide use is significantly lower in floodplain agroecologies, high rainfall areas, high land and low land …


Identification Of Paleo Arctic Winter Sea Ice Limits And The Marginal Ice Zone: Optimised Biomarker-Based Reconstructions Of Late Quaternary Arctic Sea Ice, Simon T. Belt, Patricia Cabedo-Sanz, Lukas Smik, Alba Navarro-Rodriguez, Sarah M.P. Berben, Jochen Knies, Katrine Husum Dec 2015

Identification Of Paleo Arctic Winter Sea Ice Limits And The Marginal Ice Zone: Optimised Biomarker-Based Reconstructions Of Late Quaternary Arctic Sea Ice, Simon T. Belt, Patricia Cabedo-Sanz, Lukas Smik, Alba Navarro-Rodriguez, Sarah M.P. Berben, Jochen Knies, Katrine Husum

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


The Impact Of Tertiary Wastewater Treatment On Copper And Zinc Complexation, C. Constantino, M. Gardner, S. D.W. Comber, M. D. Scrimshaw, B. Ellor Nov 2015

The Impact Of Tertiary Wastewater Treatment On Copper And Zinc Complexation, C. Constantino, M. Gardner, S. D.W. Comber, M. D. Scrimshaw, B. Ellor

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Hyperdominance In Amazonian Forest Carbon Cycling, Sophie Fauset, Michelle O. Johnson, Manuel Gloor, Timothy R. Baker, M. A Monteagudo, Roel J.W. Brienen, Ted R. Feldpausch, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Yadvinder Malhi, Steege H Ter, Nigel C.A. Pitman, Christopher Baraloto, Julien Engel, Pascal Pétronelli, Ana Andrade, José Luís C. Camargo, Sgw Laurance, Wf Laurance, Jerôme Chave, Elodie Allie, Percy Núñez Vargas, John W. Terborgh, Kalle Ruokolainen, Marcos Silveira, C. Ga Aymard, Luzmila Arroyo, Damien Bonal, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, David Neill, Bruno Hérault, Aurélie Dourdain, Armando Torres-Lezama, Beatriz S. Marimon, Rafael P. Salomão, James A. Comiskey, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Marisol Toledo, Juan Carlos Licona, Alfredo Alarcón, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Der Meer Pj Van, Timothy J. Killeen, Beatriz S. Marimon, Lourens Poorter, Rene G.A. Boot, Basil Stergios, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Flávia R.C. Costa, Carolina Levis, Juliana Schietti, Priscila Souza, Nikée Groot, Eric Arets, Victor Chama Moscoso, Wendeson Castro, Euridice N.Honorio Coronado, Marielos Peña-Claros, Clement Stahl, Jorcely Barroso, Joey Talbot, Icg Vieira, Der Heijden G Van, Raquel Thomas, Vincent A. Vos, Everton C. Almeida, Esteban Álvarez Davila, Luiz E.O.C. Aragão, Terry L. Erwin, Paulo S. Morandi, Oliveira Ea De, Marco B.X. Valadão, Roderick J. Zagt, Der Hout P Van, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, John J. Pipoly, Ophelia Wang, Miguel Alexiades, Carlos E. Cerón, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Fiore A Di Nov 2015

Hyperdominance In Amazonian Forest Carbon Cycling, Sophie Fauset, Michelle O. Johnson, Manuel Gloor, Timothy R. Baker, M. A Monteagudo, Roel J.W. Brienen, Ted R. Feldpausch, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Yadvinder Malhi, Steege H Ter, Nigel C.A. Pitman, Christopher Baraloto, Julien Engel, Pascal Pétronelli, Ana Andrade, José Luís C. Camargo, Sgw Laurance, Wf Laurance, Jerôme Chave, Elodie Allie, Percy Núñez Vargas, John W. Terborgh, Kalle Ruokolainen, Marcos Silveira, C. Ga Aymard, Luzmila Arroyo, Damien Bonal, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, David Neill, Bruno Hérault, Aurélie Dourdain, Armando Torres-Lezama, Beatriz S. Marimon, Rafael P. Salomão, James A. Comiskey, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Marisol Toledo, Juan Carlos Licona, Alfredo Alarcón, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Der Meer Pj Van, Timothy J. Killeen, Beatriz S. Marimon, Lourens Poorter, Rene G.A. Boot, Basil Stergios, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Flávia R.C. Costa, Carolina Levis, Juliana Schietti, Priscila Souza, Nikée Groot, Eric Arets, Victor Chama Moscoso, Wendeson Castro, Euridice N.Honorio Coronado, Marielos Peña-Claros, Clement Stahl, Jorcely Barroso, Joey Talbot, Icg Vieira, Der Heijden G Van, Raquel Thomas, Vincent A. Vos, Everton C. Almeida, Esteban Álvarez Davila, Luiz E.O.C. Aragão, Terry L. Erwin, Paulo S. Morandi, Oliveira Ea De, Marco B.X. Valadão, Roderick J. Zagt, Der Hout P Van, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, John J. Pipoly, Ophelia Wang, Miguel Alexiades, Carlos E. Cerón, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Fiore A Di

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Abstract While Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, the abundance of trees is skewed strongly towards relatively few ‘hyperdominant’ species. In addition to their diversity, Amazonian trees are a key component of the global carbon cycle, assimilating and storing more carbon than any other ecosystem on Earth. Here we ask, using a unique data set of 530 forest plots, if the functions of storing and producing woody carbon are concentrated in a small number of tree species, whether the most abundant species also dominate carbon cycling, and whether dominant species are characterized by specific functional traits. We find that dominance of …


Geography Of Crime, Rb Yarwood Nov 2015

Geography Of Crime, Rb Yarwood

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Economic Drivers Of Contemporary Smallholder Agriculture In A Transitional Economy: A Case Study Of Hu Village From Southwest China, Z Hu, S Rahman Nov 2015

Economic Drivers Of Contemporary Smallholder Agriculture In A Transitional Economy: A Case Study Of Hu Village From Southwest China, Z Hu, S Rahman

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Based on an in-depth case study of a rural community, this paper documents the contemporary state of Chinese smallholder agriculture and the changes that it has been experiencing in the context of dramatic socio-economic transition through the lens of three main economic drivers: livelihood diversification, market conditions and government interventions. Results reveal that the change in Chinese smallholder agriculture has been complex and multidimensional. All three factors exert profound influence and shape the current state of Chinese agriculture. Massive rural-urban migration has resulted in labour shortages, which in turn have led to a reduction in agricultural diversity and land use …


‘I Already Know The City, I Don’T Have To Explore It’: Adjustments To ‘Sense Of Place’ For ‘Local’ Uk University Students, Mark Holton Nov 2015

‘I Already Know The City, I Don’T Have To Explore It’: Adjustments To ‘Sense Of Place’ For ‘Local’ Uk University Students, Mark Holton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Recent conceptualisations of place have sought to reconsider place as being the sedentary equivalent to mobility, instead recognising its dynamism and its potential for evoking powerful emotional responses. These notions hold particular resonance in the realm of higher education, with discussions emerging of the important influence place may hold for students as they progress through university.Although this has been recognised from the perspective of ‘mobile’ students, what is less clear is how these notions of placemight influence the trajectories of ‘local’ students, specifically how feelings of place disruption or identity dislocation might spill out into their non-student lives and their …


Characterisation, Quantity And Sorptive Properties Of Microplastics Extracted From Cosmetics, Imogen E. Napper, Adil Bakir, Steven J. Rowland, Richard C. Thompson Oct 2015

Characterisation, Quantity And Sorptive Properties Of Microplastics Extracted From Cosmetics, Imogen E. Napper, Adil Bakir, Steven J. Rowland, Richard C. Thompson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Cosmetic products, such as facial scrubs, have been identified as potentially important primary sources of microplastics to the marine environment. This study characterises, quantifies and then investigates the sorptive properties of plastic microbeads that are used as exfoliants in cosmetics. Polyethylene microbeads were extracted from several products, and shown to have a wide size range (mean diameters between 164 and 327μm). We estimated that between 4594 and 94,500 microbeads could be released in a single use. To examine the potential for microbeads to accumulate and transport chemicals they were exposed to a binary mixture of 3H-phenanthrene and 14C-DDT …


Regional Variation In The Continuity Of Land-Use Patterns Through The First Millennium A.D. In Lowland Britain, S Rippon, Rm Fyfe Oct 2015

Regional Variation In The Continuity Of Land-Use Patterns Through The First Millennium A.D. In Lowland Britain, S Rippon, Rm Fyfe

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Integrated Use Of Lidar And Multibeam Bathymetry Reveals Onset Of Ice Streaming In The Northern Bothnian Sea, Sl Greenwood, Cc Clason, H Mikko, Et Al Oct 2015

Integrated Use Of Lidar And Multibeam Bathymetry Reveals Onset Of Ice Streaming In The Northern Bothnian Sea, Sl Greenwood, Cc Clason, H Mikko, Et Al

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Geomorphological mapping from the new LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging)-derived digital elevation model for Sweden and a high-resolution multibeam bathymetry data-set for the Gulf of Bothnia reveals a continuous system of glacial landforms crossing the transition between the modern terrestrial and marine environments. A palaeo-ice stream in the northern Bothnian Sea is reconstructed, with an onset tributary over the present-day Ångermanland–Västerbotten coastline. Systematic contrasts in landform morphology and lineation length indicate that this ice stream comprised a relatively narrow (~40 km) corridor of fast flow, flowing first SW then S, and likely fed by converging flow around the upper Bothnian …


Determination Of The Forms And Stability Of Phosphorus In Wastewater Effluent From A Variety Of Treatment Processes, Sean Comber, Mike Gardner, Jana Darmovzalova, Brian Ellor Oct 2015

Determination Of The Forms And Stability Of Phosphorus In Wastewater Effluent From A Variety Of Treatment Processes, Sean Comber, Mike Gardner, Jana Darmovzalova, Brian Ellor

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Eutrophication of surface waters is a major issue across the planet, with diffuse (agricultural) and point sources (wastewater treatment works, WwTW) being the main inputs. In the UK WwTW effluent discharges are currently permitted for discharge based on total phosphorus concentration, whereas environmental quality standards (EQS) are set as soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), which better reflects the bioavailable fraction of phosphorus present in water. This study reports for the first time, concentrations and relative proportions of SRP in effluent from a number of different WwTW employing aluminium and iron dosing for phosphorus removal. In the case of aluminium treatment, SRP …


Determination And Evaluation Of Element Bioaccessibility In Some Nuts And Seeds By In-Vitro Gastro-Intestinal Method, Burcu Kafaoglu, Andrew Fisher, Steve Hill, Derya Kara Sep 2015

Determination And Evaluation Of Element Bioaccessibility In Some Nuts And Seeds By In-Vitro Gastro-Intestinal Method, Burcu Kafaoglu, Andrew Fisher, Steve Hill, Derya Kara

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Element bioaccessibility in some nuts and seeds has been determined by performing a physiologically based extraction test. Nine elements (B, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, Ni and Zn) in gastric and intestinal phase extractions of nuts and seeds were determined using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Hazelnuts, almonds, sunflower seeds, peanuts, cashew nuts, Brazil nuts, walnuts, chickpeas, pumpkin seeds and pistachio nuts were used as the materials in this study. The bioaccessible portions of magnesium and calcium were higher than for the other elements whereas B bioaccessibility was the lowest for each of the …


Combined Uncertainty Estimation For The Determination Of The Dissolved Iron Amount Content In Seawater Using Flow Injection With Chemiluminescence Detection, Geerke H. Floor, Robert Clough, Maeve C. Lohan, Simon J. Ussher, Paul J. Worsfold, Cr Quetel Sep 2015

Combined Uncertainty Estimation For The Determination Of The Dissolved Iron Amount Content In Seawater Using Flow Injection With Chemiluminescence Detection, Geerke H. Floor, Robert Clough, Maeve C. Lohan, Simon J. Ussher, Paul J. Worsfold, Cr Quetel

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Characterization Of Leucetta Prolifera, A Calcarean Cyanosponge From South-Western Australia, And Its Symbionts, J Fromont, Mj Huggett, Sk Lengger, K Grice, Chl Schönberg Sep 2015

Characterization Of Leucetta Prolifera, A Calcarean Cyanosponge From South-Western Australia, And Its Symbionts, J Fromont, Mj Huggett, Sk Lengger, K Grice, Chl Schönberg

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The biology and ecology of calcarean sponges are not as well understood as they are for demosponges. Here, in order to gain new insights, particularly about symbiotic relationships, the calcarean sponge Leucetta prolifera was sampled from south-western Australia and examined for its assumed photosymbionts. Pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry and extraction of photopigments established that the sponge was photosynthetic. Molecular analysis of the bacterial symbionts via sequencing of the V1–V3 region of the 16S rDNA gene confirmed that between 5 and 22% of all sequences belonged to the phylum Cyanobacteria, depending on the individual sample, with the most dominant strain aligning …


The Molybdenum Blue Reaction For The Determination Of Orthophosphate Revisited: Opening The Black Box, Edward A. Nagul, Ian D. Mckelvie, Paul Worsfold, Spas D. Kolev Aug 2015

The Molybdenum Blue Reaction For The Determination Of Orthophosphate Revisited: Opening The Black Box, Edward A. Nagul, Ian D. Mckelvie, Paul Worsfold, Spas D. Kolev

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The molybdenum blue reaction, used predominantly for the determination of orthophosphate in environmental waters, has been perpetually modified and re-optimised over the years, but this important reaction in analytical chemistry is usually treated as something of a 'black box' in the analytical literature. A large number of papers describe a wide variety of reaction conditions and apparently different products (as determined by UV–visible spectroscopy) but a discussion of the chemistry underlying this behaviour is often addressed superficially or not at all. This review aims to rationalise the findings of the many 'optimised' molybdenum blue methods in the literature, mainly for …


Geoheritage, A National Inventory In France, P De Wever, Kn Page, I Alterio, G Egoroff, Et Al Aug 2015

Geoheritage, A National Inventory In France, P De Wever, Kn Page, I Alterio, G Egoroff, Et Al

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Good protection measures for geological heritage should begin with an inventory of geosites. In France, for example, a law enacted in 2002 grants formal recognition to the notion of geological heritage. An inventory and evaluation were then established on a region-by-region basis. By April 2007, the French Ministry of Environment launched the inventory programme for the nation’s geological heritage and the data are now being collected at a regional scale. The data are being gathered and homogenised, and then transferred to the French National Museum of Natural History for examination. The ratified site data are stored and available for public …


Miniaturisation And The Representation Of Military Geographies In Recreational Wargaming, Richard Yarwood Aug 2015

Miniaturisation And The Representation Of Military Geographies In Recreational Wargaming, Richard Yarwood

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Structural Identification Of Petroleum Acids By Conversion To Hydrocarbons And Multidimensional Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Michael J. Wilde, Steven J. Rowland Aug 2015

Structural Identification Of Petroleum Acids By Conversion To Hydrocarbons And Multidimensional Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Michael J. Wilde, Steven J. Rowland

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.