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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Secure Mobile Agents With Designated Hosts, Qi Zhang, Yi Mu, Minji Zhang, Robert H. Deng
Secure Mobile Agents With Designated Hosts, Qi Zhang, Yi Mu, Minji Zhang, Robert H. Deng
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Mobile agents often travel in a hostile environment where their security and privacy could be compromised by any party including remote hosts in which agents visit and get services. It was proposed in the literature that the host visited by an agent should jointly sign a service agreement with the agent's home, where a proxy-signing model was deployed and every host in the agent system can sign. We observe that this actually poses a serious problem in that a host that should be excluded from an underlying agent network could also send a signed service agreement. In order to solve …
A Study Of Content Authentication In Proxy-Enabled Multimedia Delivery Systems: Model, Techniques, And Applications, Robert H. Deng, Yanjiang Yang
A Study Of Content Authentication In Proxy-Enabled Multimedia Delivery Systems: Model, Techniques, And Applications, Robert H. Deng, Yanjiang Yang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Compared with the direct server-user approach, the server-proxy-user architecture for multimedia delivery promises significantly improved system scalability. The introduction of the intermediary transcoding proxies between content servers and end users in this architecture, however, brings unprecedented challenges to content security. In this article, we present a systematic study on the end-to-end content authentication problem in the server-proxy-user context, where intermediary proxies transcode multimedia content dynamically. We present a formal model for the authentication problem, propose a concrete construction for authenticating generic data modality and formally prove its security. We then apply the generic construction to authenticating specific multimedia formats, for …
Localizing Volumetric Motion For Action Recognition In Realistic Videos, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Jintao Li, Yongdong Zhang
Localizing Volumetric Motion For Action Recognition In Realistic Videos, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Jintao Li, Yongdong Zhang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper presents a novel motion localization approach for recognizing actions and events in real videos. Examples include StandUp and Kiss in Hollywood movies. The challenge can be attributed to the large visual and motion variations imposed by realistic action poses. Previous works mainly focus on learning from descriptors of cuboids around space time interest points (STIP) to characterize actions. The size, shape and space-time position of cuboids are fixed without considering the underlying motion dynamics. This often results in large set of fragmentized cuboids which fail to capture long-term dynamic properties of realistic actions. This paper proposes the detection …
Towards Google Challenge: Combining Contextual And Social Information For Web Video Categorization, Xiao Wu, Wan-Lei Zhao, Chong-Wah Ngo
Towards Google Challenge: Combining Contextual And Social Information For Web Video Categorization, Xiao Wu, Wan-Lei Zhao, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Web video categorization is a fundamental task for web video search. In this paper, we explore the Google challenge from a new perspective by combing contextual and social information under the scenario of social web. The semantic meaning of text (title and tags), video relevance from related videos, and user interest induced from user videos, are integrated to robustly determine the video category. Experiments on YouTube videos demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution. The performance reaches 60% improvement compared to the traditional text based classifiers.
Distribution-Based Concept Selection For Concept-Based Video Retrieval, Juan Cao, Hongfang Jing, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yongdong Zhang
Distribution-Based Concept Selection For Concept-Based Video Retrieval, Juan Cao, Hongfang Jing, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yongdong Zhang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Query-to-concept mapping plays one of the keys to concept-based video retrieval. Conventional approaches try to find concepts that are likely to co-occur in the relevant shots from the lexical or statistical aspects. However, the high probability of co-occurrence alone cannot ensure its effectiveness to distinguish the relevant shots from the irrelevant ones. In this paper, we propose distribution-based concept selection (DBCS) for query-to-concept mapping by analyzing concept score distributions of within and between relevant and irrelevant sets. In view of the imbalance between relevant and irrelevant examples, two variants of DBCS are proposed respectively by considering the two-sided and onesided …
Parallel Sets In The Real World: Three Case Studies, Robert Kosara, Caroline Ziemkiewicz, F. Joseph Iii Mako, Tin Seong Kam
Parallel Sets In The Real World: Three Case Studies, Robert Kosara, Caroline Ziemkiewicz, F. Joseph Iii Mako, Tin Seong Kam
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Parallel Sets are a visualization technique for categorical data. We recently released an implementation to the public in an effort to make our research useful to real users. This paper presents three case studies of Parallel Sets in use with real data.
Mining Quantified Temporal Rules: Formalism, Algorithms, And Evaluation, David Lo, Ganesan Ramalingam, Venkatesh-Prasad Ranganath, Kapil Vaswani
Mining Quantified Temporal Rules: Formalism, Algorithms, And Evaluation, David Lo, Ganesan Ramalingam, Venkatesh-Prasad Ranganath, Kapil Vaswani
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Libraries usually impose constraints on how clients should use them. Often these constraints are not well-documented. In this paper, we address the problem of recovering such constraints automatically, a problem referred to as specification mining. Given some client programs that use a given library, we identify constraints on the library usage that are (almost) satisfied by the given set of clients.The class of rules we target for mining combines simple binary temporal operators with state predicates (involving equality constraints) and quantification. This is a simple yet expressive subclass of temporal properties that allows us to capture many common API usage …
Semantics-Preserving Bag-Of-Words Models For Efficient Image Annotation, Lei Wu, Steven C. H. Hoi, Nenghai Yu
Semantics-Preserving Bag-Of-Words Models For Efficient Image Annotation, Lei Wu, Steven C. H. Hoi, Nenghai Yu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The Bag-of-Words (BoW) model is a promising image representation for annotation. One critical limitation of existing BoW models is the semantic loss during the codebook generation process, in which BoW simply clusters visual words in Euclidian space. However, distance between two visual words in Euclidean space does not necessarily reflect the semantic distance between the two concepts, due to the semantic gap between low-level features and high-level semantics. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for learning a codebook such that semantically related features will be mapped to the same visual word. In particular, we consider the distance between …
First Acm Sigmm International Workshop On Social Media (Wsm'09), Suzanne Boll, Steven C. H. Hoi, Jiebo Luo, Rong Jin, Dong Xu, Irwin King
First Acm Sigmm International Workshop On Social Media (Wsm'09), Suzanne Boll, Steven C. H. Hoi, Jiebo Luo, Rong Jin, Dong Xu, Irwin King
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The ACM SIGMM International Workshop on Social Media(WSM’09) is the first workshop held in conjunction withthe ACM International Multimedia Conference (MM’09) atBejing, P.R. China, 2009. This workshop provides a forumfor researchers and practitioners from all over the world toshare information on their latest investigations on social mediaanalysis, exploration, search, mining, and emerging newsocial media applications.
A Surprise Triggered Adaptive And Reactive (Star) Framework For Online Adaptation In Non-Stationary Environments, Truong-Huy Dinh Nguyen, Tze-Yun Leong
A Surprise Triggered Adaptive And Reactive (Star) Framework For Online Adaptation In Non-Stationary Environments, Truong-Huy Dinh Nguyen, Tze-Yun Leong
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
We consider the task of developing an adaptive autonomous agent that can interact with non-stationary environments. Traditional learning approaches such as Reinforcement Learning assume stationary characteristics over the course of the problem, and are therefore unable to learn the dynamically changing settings correctly. We introduce a novel adaptive framework that can detect dynamic changes due to non-stationary elements. The Surprise Triggered Adaptive and Reactive (STAR) framework is inspired by human adaptability in dealing with daily life changes. An agent adopting the STAR framework consists primarily of two components, Adapter and Reactor. The Reactor chooses suitable actions based on predictions made …
Verifying Stateful Timed Csp Using Implicit Clocks And Zone Abstraction, Jun Sun, Yang Liu, Jin Song Dong, Xian Zhang
Verifying Stateful Timed Csp Using Implicit Clocks And Zone Abstraction, Jun Sun, Yang Liu, Jin Song Dong, Xian Zhang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this work, we study model checking of compositional real-time systems. A system is modeled using mutable data variables as well as a compositional timed process. Instead of explicitly manipulating clock variables, a number of compositional timed behavioral patterns are used to capture quantitative timing requirements, e.g. delay, timeout, deadline, timed interrupt, etc. A fully automated abstraction technique is developed to build an abstract finite state machine from the model. The idea is to dynamically create/delete clocks, and maintain/solve a constraint on the clocks. The abstract machine weakly bi-simulates the model and, therefore, LTL model checking or trace-refinement checking are …
Batch Mode Active Learning With Applications To Text Categorization And Image Retrieval, Steven C. H. Hoi, Rong Jin, Michael R. Lyu
Batch Mode Active Learning With Applications To Text Categorization And Image Retrieval, Steven C. H. Hoi, Rong Jin, Michael R. Lyu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Most machine learning tasks in data classification and information retrieval require manually labeled data examples in the training stage. The goal of active learning is to select the most informative examples for manual labeling in these learning tasks. Most of the previous studies in active learning have focused on selecting a single unlabeled example in each iteration. This could be inefficient, since the classification model has to be retrained for every acquired labeled example. It is also inappropriate for the setup of information retrieval tasks where the user's relevance feedback is often provided for the top K retrieved items. In …
Detecting Automotive Exhaust Gas Based On Fuzzy Inference System, Li. Shujin, Ming Bai, Quan Wang, Bo Chen, Xiaobing Zhao, Ting Yang, Zhaoxia Wang
Detecting Automotive Exhaust Gas Based On Fuzzy Inference System, Li. Shujin, Ming Bai, Quan Wang, Bo Chen, Xiaobing Zhao, Ting Yang, Zhaoxia Wang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper proposes a method of detecting automotive exhaust gas based on fuzzy logic inference after analyzing the principle of the infrared automobile exhaust gas analyzer and the influence of the environmental temperature on analyzer. This paper analyses the measurement error caused by environmental temperature, and then makes a non-linear error correction of temperature for the infrared sensor using fuzzy inference. The results of simulation have clearly demonstrated that the proposed fuzzy compensation scheme is better than the non-fuzzy method.
Localized Matching Using Earth Mover's Distance Towards Discovery Of Common Patterns From Small Image Samples, Hung-Khoon Tan, Chong-Wah Ngo
Localized Matching Using Earth Mover's Distance Towards Discovery Of Common Patterns From Small Image Samples, Hung-Khoon Tan, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper proposes a new approach for the discovery of common patterns in a small set of images by region matching. The issues in feature robustness, matching robustness and noise artifact are addressed to delve into the potential of using regions as the basic matching unit. We novelly employ the many-to-many (M2M) matching strategy, specifically with the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD), to increase resilience towards the structural inconsistency from improper region segmentation. However, the matching pattern of M2M is dispersed and unregulated in nature, leading to the challenges of mining a common pattern while identifying the underlying transformation. To avoid …
Font Size: Make Font Size Smaller Make Font Size Default Make Font Size Larger Exploiting Coordination Locales In Distributed Pomdps Via Social Model Shaping, Pradeep Varakantham, Jun Young Kwak, Matthew Taylor, Janusz Marecki, Paul Scerri, Milind Tambe
Font Size: Make Font Size Smaller Make Font Size Default Make Font Size Larger Exploiting Coordination Locales In Distributed Pomdps Via Social Model Shaping, Pradeep Varakantham, Jun Young Kwak, Matthew Taylor, Janusz Marecki, Paul Scerri, Milind Tambe
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Distributed POMDPs provide an expressive framework for modeling multiagent collaboration problems, but NEXPComplete complexity hinders their scalability and application in real-world domains. This paper introduces a subclass of distributed POMDPs, and TREMOR, an algorithm to solve such distributed POMDPs. The primary novelty of TREMOR is that agents plan individually with a single agent POMDP solver and use social model shaping to implicitly coordinate with other agents. Experiments demonstrate that TREMOR can provide solutions orders of magnitude faster than existing algorithms while achieving comparable, or even superior, solution quality.
Efficient Conditional Proxy Re-Encryption With Chosen-Ciphertext Security, Jian Weng, Yanjiang Yang, Qiang Tang, Robert H. Deng
Efficient Conditional Proxy Re-Encryption With Chosen-Ciphertext Security, Jian Weng, Yanjiang Yang, Qiang Tang, Robert H. Deng
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Recently, a variant of proxy re-encryption, named conditional proxy re-encryption (C-PRE), has been introduced. Compared with traditional proxy re-encryption, C-PRE enables the delegator to implement fine-grained delegation of decryption rights, and thus is more useful in many applications. In this paper, based on a careful observation on the existing definitions and security notions for C-PRE, we re-formalize more rigorous definition and security notions for C-PRE. We further propose a more efficient C-PRE scheme, and prove its chosen-ciphertext security under the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) assumption in the random oracle model. In addition, we point out that a recent C-PRE scheme …
A Latent Model For Visual Disambiguation Of Keyword-Based Image Search, Kong-Wah Wan, Ah-Hwee Tan, Joo-Hwee Lim, Liang-Tien Chia, Sujoy Roy
A Latent Model For Visual Disambiguation Of Keyword-Based Image Search, Kong-Wah Wan, Ah-Hwee Tan, Joo-Hwee Lim, Liang-Tien Chia, Sujoy Roy
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The problem of polysemy in keyword-based image search arises mainly from the inherent ambiguity in user queries. We propose a latent model based approach that resolves user search ambiguity by allowing sense specific diversity in search results. Given a query keyword and the images retrieved by issuing the query to an image search engine, we first learn a latent visual sense model of these polysemous images. Next, we use Wikipedia to disambiguate the word sense of the original query, and issue these Wiki-senses as new queries to retrieve sense specific images. A sense-specific image classifier is then learnt by combining …
Multi-View Ear Recognition Based On Moving Least Square Pose Interpolation, Heng Liu, David Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhang
Multi-View Ear Recognition Based On Moving Least Square Pose Interpolation, Heng Liu, David Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Based on moving least square, a multi-view ear pose interpolation and corresponding recognition approach is proposed. This work firstly analyzes the shape characteristics of actual trace caused by ear pose varying in feature space. Then according to training samples pose projection, we manage to recover the complete multi-view ear pose manifold by using moving least square pose interpolation. The constructed multi-view ear pose manifolds can be easily utilized to recognize ear images captured under different views based on finding the minimal projection distance to the manifolds. The experimental results and some comparisons show the new method is superior to manifold …
Understanding Early Diffusion Of Digital Wireless Phones, Robert J. Kauffman, Angsana A. Techatassanasoontorn
Understanding Early Diffusion Of Digital Wireless Phones, Robert J. Kauffman, Angsana A. Techatassanasoontorn
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
There is increasing empirical evidence from academic research and strong recognition among policymakers that wide diffusion and innovative uses of digital wireless phones are important sources of a country's economic growth and social development. Adopters do not necessarily adopt digital wireless phones at the same time though. Although the diffusion of innovation theory suggests five adopter categories according to their degree of innovativeness, this approach lacks theoretical justification and, more importantly, it makes a critical assumption of a normal distribution of adopters that needs empirical validation. This study investigates the basis for defining different adopter categories and factors that affect …
Why Quants Fail, M. Thulasidas
Why Quants Fail, M. Thulasidas
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Mathematical finance is built on a couple of assumptions. The most fundamental of them is the one on ma ket efficiency. It states that the market prices every asset fairly, and that the prices contain all the information available in the market.
Hierarchical Self-Healing Key Distribution For Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks, Yanjiang Yang, Jianying Zhou, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao
Hierarchical Self-Healing Key Distribution For Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks, Yanjiang Yang, Jianying Zhou, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Self-healing group key distribution aims to achieve robust key distribution over lossy channels in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, all existing self-healing group key distribution schemes in the literature consider homogenous WSNs which are known to be unscalable. Heterogeneous WSNs have better scalability and performance than homogenous ones. We are thus motivated to study hierarchial self-healing group key distribution, tailored to the heterogeneous WSN architecture. In particular, we revisit and adapt Dutta et al.’s model to the setting of hierarchical self-healing group key distribution, and propose a concrete scheme that achieves computational security and high efficiency.
Accelerating Sequence Searching: Dimensionality Reduction Method, Guojie Song, Bin Cui, Baihua Zheng, Kunqing Xie, Dongqing Yang
Accelerating Sequence Searching: Dimensionality Reduction Method, Guojie Song, Bin Cui, Baihua Zheng, Kunqing Xie, Dongqing Yang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Similarity search over long sequence dataset becomes increasingly popular in many emerging applications, such as text retrieval, genetic sequences exploring, etc. In this paper, a novel index structure, namely Sequence Embedding Multiset tree (SEM − tree), has been proposed to speed up the searching process over long sequences. The SEM-tree is a multi-level structure where each level represents the sequence data with different compression level of multiset, and the length of multiset increases towards the leaf level which contains original sequences. The multisets, obtained using sequence embedding algorithms, have the desirable property that they do not need to keep the …
Visible Reverse K-Nearest Neighbor Query Processing In Spatial Databases, Yunjun Gao, Baihua Zheng, Gencai Chen, Wang-Chien Lee, Ken C. K. Lee, Qing Li
Visible Reverse K-Nearest Neighbor Query Processing In Spatial Databases, Yunjun Gao, Baihua Zheng, Gencai Chen, Wang-Chien Lee, Ken C. K. Lee, Qing Li
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Reverse nearest neighbor (RNN) queries have a broad application base such as decision support, profile-based marketing, resource allocation, etc. Previous work on RNN search does not take obstacles into consideration. In the real world, however, there are many physical obstacles (e.g., buildings) and their presence may affect the visibility between objects. In this paper, we introduce a novel variant of RNN queries, namely, visible reverse nearest neighbor (VRNN) search, which considers the impact of obstacles on the visibility of objects. Given a data set P, an obstacle set O, and a query point q in a 2D space, a VRNN …
Communication-Efficient Classification In P2p Networks, Hock Hee Ang, Vivekanand Gopalkrishnan, Wee Keong Ng, Steven C. H. Hoi
Communication-Efficient Classification In P2p Networks, Hock Hee Ang, Vivekanand Gopalkrishnan, Wee Keong Ng, Steven C. H. Hoi
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Distributed classification aims to learn with accuracy comparable to that of centralized approaches but at far lesser communication and computation costs. By nature, P2P networks provide an excellent environment for performing a distributed classification task due to the high availability of shared resources, such as bandwidth, storage space, and rich computational power. However, learning in P2P networks is faced with many challenging issues; viz., scalability, peer dynamism, asynchronism and fault-tolerance. In this paper, we address these challenges by presenting CEMPaR—a communication-efficient framework based on cascading SVMs that exploits the characteristics of DHT-based lookup protocols. CEMPaR is designed to be robust …
A Hybrid Firm's Pricing Strategy In Electronic Commerce Under Channel Migration, Robert John Kauffman, Dongwon Lee, Jung Lee, Byungjoon Yoo
A Hybrid Firm's Pricing Strategy In Electronic Commerce Under Channel Migration, Robert John Kauffman, Dongwon Lee, Jung Lee, Byungjoon Yoo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Achieving an effective business design across the Internet and the off-line channel is a critical concern for a hybrid firm's choice of pricing strategy. Two pricing models are proposed to examine how consumer channel migration (one-way channel interaction from the traditional sales channel to the Internet) affects pricing strategy. One model has no interaction between the Internet and off-line channels. The other includes the possibility of one-way migration to the Internet channel and incorporates consumers' channel-switching costs and loyalty to the firm. The two models offer interesting results for understanding traditional and Internet-based selling. A high level of channel migration …
Admission Control For Differentiated Services In Future Generation Cdma Networks, Hwee-Pink Tan, Rudesindo Núñez-Queija, Adriana F. Gabor, Onno J. Boxma
Admission Control For Differentiated Services In Future Generation Cdma Networks, Hwee-Pink Tan, Rudesindo Núñez-Queija, Adriana F. Gabor, Onno J. Boxma
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Future Generation CDMA wireless systems, e.g., 3G, can simultaneously accommodate flow transmissions of users with widely heterogeneous applications. As radio resources are limited, we propose an admission control rule that protects users with stringent transmission bit-rate requirements (“streaming traffic”) while offering sufficient capacity over longer time intervals to delay-tolerant users (“elastic traffic”). While our strategy may not satisfy classical notions of fairness, we aim to reduce congestion and increase overall throughput of elastic users. Using time-scale decomposition, we develop approximations to evaluate the performance of our differentiated admission control strategy to support integrated services with transmission bit-rate requirements in a …
Exploiting Bilingual Information To Improve Web Search, Wei Gao, John Bitzer, Ming Zhou, Kam-Fai Wong
Exploiting Bilingual Information To Improve Web Search, Wei Gao, John Bitzer, Ming Zhou, Kam-Fai Wong
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Web search quality can vary widely across languages, even for the same information need. We propose to exploit this variation in quality by learning a ranking function on bilingual queries: queries that appear in query logs for two languages but represent equivalent search interests. For a given bilingual query, along with corresponding monolingual query log and monolingual ranking, we generate a ranking on pairs of documents, one from each language. Then we learn a linear ranking function which exploits bilingual features on pairs of documents, as well as standard monolingual features. Finally, we show how to reconstruct monolingual ranking from …
Evaluating Straddle Carrier Deployment Policies: A Simulation Study For The Piraeus Container Terminal, Eleni Hadjiconstantinou, Nang Laik Ma
Evaluating Straddle Carrier Deployment Policies: A Simulation Study For The Piraeus Container Terminal, Eleni Hadjiconstantinou, Nang Laik Ma
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Most container terminals in the world today are operating up to their capacities. In this paper, we have developed a decision support system to optimise yard operations by considering all container flows (import, export and transshipment) through the yard with the view to improving the terminal performance and efficiency. In another paper, we proposed an optimisation model that determines optimal container locations and straddle carrier (SC) movements with the objective of minimising the overall storage and handling cost of containers. In this paper, a discrete event simulation tool for container terminal operations has been developed with three objectives: (i) to …
Are Male And Female Avatars Perceived Equally In 3-D Virtual Worlds?, David Dewester, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Sarah Gervais, Keng Siau
Are Male And Female Avatars Perceived Equally In 3-D Virtual Worlds?, David Dewester, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Sarah Gervais, Keng Siau
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Virtual worlds are three-dimensional, computer-generated worlds in which users take the form of avatars and use those avatars to interact with objects and other avatars in the virtual world. Virtual worlds are growing in importance in both educational institutions and businesses. Educational institutions have adopted virtual worlds as a medium for instructional delivery whereas businesses are using virtual worlds for recruitment, training, collaboration, and marketing. Given these emerging phenomena, a better understanding of behavioral and perceptual issues in virtual worlds is warranted. We propose a research model to study the interaction effects of gender stereotypicality of male and female avatars …
3-D Virtual Worlds And Higher Education, X. Chen, Keng Siau, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
3-D Virtual Worlds And Higher Education, X. Chen, Keng Siau, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Conducting education in three-dimensional (3-D) virtual worlds is an emerging phenomenon in the educational arena. The objective of this research is to investigate the factors influencing students’ intention to adopt the 3-D virtual worlds for delivery of education. Drawing on existing technology acceptance models as well as studies in traditional and distance education, we developed a model to study students’ acceptance of using a 3-D virtual world for education and propose to test the model empirically using survey data collected from college students. We also study the use of two instructional methods in the 3-D virtual world. This study contributes …