Digital Commons Network^™

Race To Learn: Knowledge Characteristics And Resource Structure, Chandan Acharya, Isabel Rechberg, Xiaodan Dong

Publications and Research

Purpose

This paper studies the impact of the interactive effect of knowledge characteristics – tacitness, specificity and availability— and resource structure —complementarily and asymmetric—on learning race behavior among International Joint Venture (IJV) partners in China.

Design/methodology/approach

Preliminary in-depth interviews with three IJV managers were conducted to develop and evaluate the tentatively developed questionnaire. The finalized survey questionnaire was distributed to middle and top-level managers of IJVs, resulting in a total of 124 usable surveys. The psychometric properties of data were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and confirmatory factor analysis, and hypotheses were tested using a Generalized Linear Model.

Findings

The results …

Combating Urban Stratification: Expanding Options For Nycha Build To Preserve, Jason Montgomery

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

A Diverse And Inclusive Academic Membership For All, Victor Puac-Polanco, Alfredo Morabia

Publications and Research

With the growing recognition that diversity and inclusion are essential for the improvement of science and innovation, this commentary provides some perspectives on three findings in the DeVilbiss et al. (2020)'s article and provide points of discussion on factors and strategies to consider when drafting diversity and inclusion programs for the Society for Epidemiologic Research.

Languages, Literacies, And Literate Programming: Can We Use The Latest Theories On How Bilingual People Learn To Help Us Teach Computational Literacies?, Sara Vogel, Christopher Hoadley, Ana Rebeca Castillo, Laura Ascenzi-Moreno

Publications and Research

Background and Context: In this theory paper, we explore the concept of translanguaging from bilingual education, and its implications for teaching and learning programming and computing in especially computer science (CS) for all initiatives.

Objective: We use translanguaging to examine how programming is and isn’t like using human languages. We frame CS as computational literacies. We describe a pedagogical approach for teaching computational literacies.

Method: We review theory from applied linguistics, literacy, and computational literacy. We provide a design narrative of our pedagogical approach by describing activities from bilingual middle school classrooms integrating Scratch into academic subjects.

Findings: Translanguaging pedagogy …

Fly Ash Based Geopolymer For High Temperature And High Compressive Strength Applications In Aggressive Environment, Aaryan Manoj Nair, Akm S. Rahman

Publications and Research

Geopolymers are the results of geosynthetic reactions between aluminosilicates and strong bases. This results in chemical bonds between aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si)and oxygen (O) composing polymer rings in tetrahedral coordination. These bonds give them widespread useful applications such as high heat bearing ceramics, and base construction material whilst being far more environmentally conscious. The purpose of the experiment is to examine the effect of Silicon Carbide whisker and inorganic glass particles on thermal and mechanical properties of Geopolymers. This study will help understand the effect of various compositions and concentrations of SiO₂ in mechanical strength. In this experiment, the …

The Syllabus As A Shared Negotiation, Matthew K. Gold

Publications and Research

The process of negotiation can do more than improve the syllabus--it can bring students into a critical relationship with the course itself and acknowledge them as stakeholders in the learning process.

Racism And The Political Economy Of Covid-19: Will We Continue To Resurrect The Past?, Zinzi D. Bailey, J. Robin Moon

Publications and Research

COVID-19 is not spreading over a level playing field; structural racism is embedded within the fabric of American culture, infrastructure investments, and public policy, and fundamentally drives inequities. The same racism that has driven the systematic dismantling of the American social safety-net has also created the policy recipe for American structural vulnerability to the impacts of this and other pandemics. The Bronx provides an important case study for investigating the historical roots of structural inequities showcased by this pandemic; current lived experiences of Bronx residents are rooted in the racialized dismantling of New York City’s public infrastructure and systematic disinvestment. …

Effectiveness And Safety Of Oral Anticoagulants Among Nvaf Patients With Obesity: Insights From The Aristophanes Study, Steve Deitelzweig, Allison Keshishian, Amiee Kang, Amol Dhamane, Xuemei Luo, Xiaoyan Li, Neeraja Balachander, Lisa Rosenblatt, Jack Mardekian, Xianying Pan, Manuela Di Fusco, Alessandra B. Garcia Reeves, Huseyin Yuce, Gregory Y. H. Lip

Publications and Research

This ARISTOPHANES analysis examined stroke/systemic embolism (SE) and major bleeding (MB) among a subgroup of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients with obesity prescribed warfarin or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in order to inform clinical decision making. A retrospective observational study was conducted among NVAF patients who were obese and initiated apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin from 1 January 2013–30 September 2015, with data pooled from CMS Medicare and four US commercial claims databases. Propensity score matching was completed between NOACs and against warfarin in each database, and the results were pooled. Cox models were used to evaluate the …

Challenges In Quantifying Air‐Water Carbon Dioxide Flux Using Estuarine Water Quality Data: Case Study For Chesapeake Bay, Maria Herrmann, Raymond G. Najjar, Fei Da, Jaclyn R. Friedman, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Sreece Goldberger, Alana Menendez, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Edward G. Stets, Pierre St-Laurent

Publications and Research

Estuaries play an uncertain but potentially important role in the global carbon cycle via CO₂ outgassing. The uncertainty mainly stems from the paucity of studies that document the full spatial and temporal variability of estuarine surface water partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( pCO₂). Here, we explore the potential of utilizing the abundance of pH data from historical water quality monitoring programs to fill the data void via a case study of the mainstem Chesapeake Bay (eastern United States). We calculate pCO₂ and the air-water CO₂ flux at monthly resolution from 1998 to …

Measuring The Temporal Stability Of Near-Repeat Crime Patterns: A Longitudinal Analysis, David Hatten, Eric L. Piza

Publications and Research

This study investigates the temporal stability of identified near-repeat robbery patterns in Newark, New Jersey. With one noteworthy exception, scholars have yet to explore the temporal stability of identified spatiotemporal crime clusters. Furthermore, researchers have yet to measure the near-repeat phenomenon longitudinally. To fill this gap, this study employs a longitudinal design to measure variation in effect size and significance of identified near- repeat crime patterns across 13 “rolling” one-year time periods within a 2-year study period (January 2015–December 2016). Temporal instability was found within two out of six spatiotemporal crime clusters. Results are reported in the form of formalized …

Reduced Egocentric Bias When Perspective-Taking Compared With Working From Rules, Steven Samuel, Anna Frohnwieser, Robert Lurz, Nicola S. Clayton

Publications and Research

Previous research has suggested that adults are sometimes egocentric, erroneously attributing their current beliefs, perspectives, and opinions to others. Interestingly, this egocentricity is sometimes stronger when perspective-taking than when working from functionally identical but non-perspectival rules. Much of our knowledge of egocentric bias comes from Level 1 perspective-taking (e.g., judging whether something is seen) and judgements made about narrated characters or avatars rather than truly social stimuli such as another person in the same room. We tested whether adults would be egocentric on a Level 2 perspective-taking task (judging how something appears), in which they were instructed to indicate on …

A Role For Retinoids In The Treatment Of Covid-19?, Steven E. Trasino

Publications and Research

The 2020 global outbreak of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) is a serious threat to international health, and thus, there is an urgent need for discoverynof novel therapies or use of repurposed drugs that can make a significant impact on slowing the spread of the virus. Type 1 interferons (IFN-I) are a family cytokines of the early innate immune response to viruses that are being tested against SARSCoV- 2. However, coronaviruses similar to SARS-CoV-2 can suppress host IFN-I antiviral responses. Retinoids are a family molecules related to vitamin A that possess robust immune-modulating properties, including the ability to increase …

Environmental Predictors Of A Drug Offender Crime Script: A Systematic Social Observation Of Google Street View Images And Cctv Footage, Victoria A. Sytsma, Nathan Connealy, Eric L. Piza

Publications and Research

The extent to which environmental context has been considered when developing crime scripts has been limited to descriptions of locations offenders visit during the crime. This research contributes a description of the environmental characteristics of an open-air drug market and identifies environmental facilitators and inhibitors toward offender actions during a drug selling crime script. CCTV camera footage is combined with Google Street View to determine if physical disorder, decay, and ‘crime generators’ characterize the drug market under study. Crime generators such as retail facilities and bars and liquor stores are environmental facilitators toward a drug selling crime script; and transit …

Somatic Marker Production Deficits Do Not Explain The Relationship Between Psychopathic Traits And Utilitarian Moral Decision Making, Shawn E. Fagan, Liat Kofler, Sarah Riccio, Yu Gao

Publications and Research

In moral dilemma tasks, high levels of psychopathic traits often predict increased utilitarian responding—specifically, endorsing sacrificing one person to save many. Research suggests that increased arousal (i.e., somatic marker production) underlies lower rates of utilitarian responding during moral dilemmas. Though deficient somatic marker production is characteristic of psychopathy, how this deficit affects the psychopathy–utilitarian connection remains unknown. We assessed psychopathic traits in undergraduates, as well as behavioral performance and skin conductance level reactivity (SCL-R; a measure of somatic marker production) during a moral dilemma task. High psychopathic traits and low SCL-R were associated with increased utilitarian decisions in dilemmas involving …

Studying Public Perception About Vaccination: A Sentiment Analysis Of Tweets, Viju Raghupathi, Jie Ren, Wullianallur Raghupathi

Publications and Research

Text analysis has been used by scholars to research attitudes toward vaccination and is particularly timely due to the rise of medical misinformation via social media. This study uses a sample of 9581 vaccine-related tweets in the period 1 January 2019 to 5 April 2019. The time period is of the essence because during this time, a measles outbreak was prevalent throughout the United States and a public debate was raging. Sentiment analysis is applied to the sample, clustering the data into topics using the term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) technique. The analyses suggest that most (about 77%) of the …

Healthcare Expenditure And Economic Performance: Insights From The United States Data, Viju Raghupathi, Wullianallur Raghupathi

Publications and Research

This research explores the association of public health expenditure with economic performance across the United States. Healthcare expenditure can result in better provision of health opportunities, which can strengthen human capital and improve the productivity, thereby contributing to economic performance. It is therefore important to assess the phenomenon of healthcare spending in a country. Using visual analytics, we collected economic and health data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2003–2014. The overall results strongly suggest a positive correlation between healthcare expenditure and the economic indicators of income, GDP, and labor productivity. …

On Writing Transnational Migration In On Black Sisters’ Street (2009) And Better Never Than Late (2019): An Interview With Chika Unigwe, M Laura Barberan Reinares

Publications and Research

This interview with Nigerian writer Chika Unigwe, conducted in early 2020, addresses the ethics and aesthetics of representing sex trafficking and transnational migration in her award-winning novel On Black Sisters’ Street (2009) and her latest short story collection Better Never Than Late, which appeared in the US in 2020. The author discusses the discourse on migration and trafficking in both works, bringing much-needed nuance to the conversation. She pays particular attention to issues of “agency” and “vulnerability”, as well as authenticity, stereotyping, the “white gaze”, the publishing industry, and the recent controversy on Jeanine Cummins’s American Dirt (2020). Drawing from …

Redefining Gender & Gender Expression Through Self-Perceptions & Self-Reflections, Deborah O. Ade

Publications and Research

As societies evolve policies are developed to recognize and formalize these changes. One current context for change is New York City and the concept that has undergone significant change is gender. Many individuals no longer identify with the traditional binary distinction of male or female. Subsequently, new gender categories have emerged (e.g., bi-gender, pan gender, androgynous). Indeed, a total of 31 gender categories have been recognized by the NYC Commission of Human Rights. The goal behind this acknowledgement is to encourage equitable treatment and respect of all individuals within the workplace. NYC businesses that do not accommodate individuals identifying with …

Sleep-Wake Disturbances In Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Meta Analysis Of Literature And Modeling Of Cerebral Tissue Vulnerability, Xiangfu Zhang, Subhendra Sarkar, Mary A. Browne

Publications and Research

Sleep disturbance is a frequent complaint for patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), it can prolong recovery, and the oxidative stress from lack of sleep could worsen other secondary damages of mTBI. The common types of sleep disturbance of mTBI include insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and obstructive sleep apnea. Conventional imaging often fails to detect any abnormalities in mTBI, and the etiology of sleep disturbance is still unclear. Based on the analysis of current published neurobiological and imaging literature, multiple factors could play a role leading to sleep disturbance in mTBI, however, we have focused on the diencephalon, melatonin and …

Creating A Charrette Process To Ignite The Conversation On Equity And Inclusion, Erika R. Carlson, Leslie Craigo, Peter P. Hoontis, Elisabeth Jaffe, Lynn Mcgee, James Sayegh

Publications and Research

The gaps in graduation and retention rates between ethnic and gender groups continue to be a foremost area of focus at Borough of Manhattan Community College (BMCC), The City University of New York (CUNY). Equity and inclusion is also a critical concern as it relates to faculty and staff. At BMCC, a college-wide initiative, Designing for Success, is seeking to improve declining retention and graduation rates. At its core is the question, “Have we designed our operations to produce these results?” The answer is, “Yes”. BMCC’s Designing for Success strategic planning process seeks to re-design administrative processes and teaching in …

The Time Course Of Moral Perception: An Erp Investigation Of The Moral Pop-Out Effect, Ana Gantman, Sayeed Devraj-Kizuk, Peter Mende-Siedlecki, Jay J. Van Bavel, Kyle E. Mathewson

Publications and Research

Humans are highly attuned to perceptual cues about their values. A growing body of evidence suggests that people selectively attend to moral stimuli. However, it is unknown whether morality is prioritized early in perception or much later in cognitive processing. We use a combination of behavioral methods and electroencephalography to investigate how early in perception moral words are prioritized relative to non-moral words. The behavioral data replicate previous research indicating that people are more likely to correctly identify moral than non-moral words in a modified lexical decision task. The electroencephalography data reveal that words are distinguished from non-words as early …

A National Prospective Cohort Study Of Sars/Cov2 Pandemic Outcomes In The U.S.: The Chasing Covid Cohort, Mckaylee Robertson, Sarah Kulkarni, Amanda Berry, Chloe Mirzayi, Andrew Maroko, Rebecca Zimba, Drew Westmoreland, Christina Grov, Angela Parcesepe, Levi Waldron, Denis Nash

Publications and Research

Introduction: The Chasing COVID Cohort (C 3 ) study is a US-based, geographically and socio-demographically diverse sample of adults (18 and older) enrolled into a prospective cohort study during the upswing of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We used internet-based strategies to enroll C 3 participants beginning March 28th, 2020. Following baseline questionnaire completion, study participants will be contacted monthly (for 6 months) to complete assessments of engagement in non-pharmaceutical interventions (e.g., use of cloth masks, avoiding large gatherings); COVID-19 symptoms; SARS/COV2 testing and diagnosis; hospitalizations; healthcare access; and uptake of health messaging. Dried blood spot (DBS) specimens will be …

Discrimination Against Employees Without Covid-19 Antibodies, Debbie N. Kaminer

Publications and Research

Policies that favor those with immunity to a contagious disease are a novel concept and have not been used in recent United States history. It is important to think about the legal and policy issues associated with banning employees without immunity to Covid-19 from the workplace and the appropriate balance between an individual’s right to work and the public health of the nation. In doing so, it is useful to compare these policies to immunization laws, mandatory retirement laws and the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Optically Pumped Spin Polarization As A Probe Of Many-Body Thermalization, Daniela Pagliero, Pablo R. Zangara, Jacob Henshaw, Ashok Ajoy, Rodolfo H. Acosta, Jeffrey A. Reimer, Alexander Pines, Carlos A. Meriles

Publications and Research

Disorder and many body interactions are known to impact transport and thermalization in competing ways, with the dominance of one or the other giving rise to fundamentally different dynamical phases. Here we investigate the spin diffusion dynamics of ¹³C in diamond, which we dynamically polarize at room temperature via optical spin pumping of engineered color centers. We focus on low-abundance, strongly hyperfine-coupled nuclei, whose role in the polarization transport we expose through the integrated impact of variable radio-frequency excitation on the observable bulk ¹³C magnetic resonance signal. Unexpectedly, we find good thermal contact throughout the nuclear spin bath, …

The New Realism Of The Roman: Friedrich Schlegel’S Theory Of The Novel And Byron’S Don Juan, Laura H. Clarke

Publications and Research

The complex question of genre in Byron’s Don Juan is often discussed in terms of the epic, but critics are increasingly turning to the novel to address the puzzling questions that remain about the generic status of Byron’s last work.1In The English Novel: A Panorama, Lionel Stevenson contends that Byron’s Don Juan belongs “essentially in the central tradition of the English novel, with its satirical realism, its picaresque series of adventures, and its complex panorama of contemporary society. Even the digressive comments are in the manner of Fielding.”2Stevenson exclaims,“One cannot help but thinking that if Byron had lived longer he …

Twenty-Seven Questions For Writers & Journalists To Consider When Writing About Covid-19 & Hiv/Aids, Alexandra Juhasz, Pato Hebert, Theodore Kerr, Diana Cage

Publications and Research

The desire to compare COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS is understandable. The response to HIV provides an inspiring road map for how to save lives. For over four decades, starting in the early 1980s, activists, scientists, politicians and cultural producers have been working alongside one another resulting in life saving developments—and goals not yet achieved. Since the late 1990s, HIV has become a manageable chronic illness for those with access to life saving medicine, housing, food, and social support. Meanwhile, stigma, discrimination, and criminalization directed at people living with HIV continue, based on social difference, access to resources and community, and an …

Playing Slavery In First Grade: When “Developmental Appropriateness” Goes Awry In The Progressive Classroom, Debbie Sonu

Publications and Research

This article unfurls in the aftermath of an event where three first grade children at a reputable progressive elementary school were found playing slavery during school recess. As word caught on, parents ignited into a frenzy: some railed against the teacher, others demanded an answer, while still others believed this was precisely the meaning of progressive schooling. In swift response, school administrators sent a conciliatory email apologizing for their misjudgment. Slavery, they declared, was too difficult a topic and developmentally inappropriate for such a young age. Guided by critical childhood studies and concepts of difficult knowledge, this reflective article explores …

Making Racial Difference: A Foucauldian Analysis Of School Memories Told By Undergraduates Of Color In The United States, Debbie Sonu

Publications and Research

This paper draws from the writings of Michel Foucault and his recently reconsidered provocations on race and racialization. Using Foucault’s de!nition of ‘internal racism,’ race is understood as a complex set of correlations that are employed for the purpose of establishing (ab)normality and exercising various forms of expul- sion. Racialization is then seen as the circulation of knowledge that makes racial categorization evident as scienti!c truth, linked to themes of science, developmentality, and the governing of popula- tion. To illustrate its subjective materialization, I analyze childhood memories of school told by undergraduates of color at one large public university in …

Winding Numbers And Full Extendability In Holomorphic Motions, Yunping Jiang

Publications and Research

We construct an example of a holomorphic motion of a five-point subset of the Riemann sphere over an annulus such that it satisfies the zero winding number condition but is not fully extendable.

How Can Embedded Criminologists, Police Pracademics, And Crime Analysts Help Increase Police-Led Program Evaluations? A Survey Of Authors Cited In The Evidence-Based Policing Matrix, Eric L. Piza, Json Szkola, Kwan-Lamra Blount-Hill

Publications and Research

Evidence-based policing emphasizes the evaluation of interventions to create a catalog of effective programs and practices. Program evaluation has primarily been considered the purview of academic researchers, with police agencies typically uninvolved in the evaluation of their own interventions. Scholars have recently advocated for police to take more ownership over program evaluation, often arguing for an increased role of three primary entities: embedded criminologists, police pracademics, and crime analysts. While an emerging body of literature has explored these entities individually, research has yet to explore the unique contributions each can make to police-led science. The current study is a survey …