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Articles 2011 - 2040 of 3027
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Transformation Of Stimulus Correlations By The Retina, Kristina D. Simmons, Jason Prentice, Gašper Tkačik, Jan Homann, Heather K. Yee, Stephanie E. Palmer, Philip C. Nelson, Vijay Balasubramanian
Transformation Of Stimulus Correlations By The Retina, Kristina D. Simmons, Jason Prentice, Gašper Tkačik, Jan Homann, Heather K. Yee, Stephanie E. Palmer, Philip C. Nelson, Vijay Balasubramanian
Publications and Research
Redundancies and correlations in the responses of sensory neurons may seem to waste neural resources, but they can also carry cues about structured stimuli and may help the brain to correct for response errors. To investigate the effect of stimulus structure on redundancy in retina, we measured simultaneous responses from populations of retinal ganglion cells presented with natural and artificial stimuli that varied greatly in correlation structure; these stimuli and recordings are publicly available online. Responding to spatio-temporally structured stimuli such as natural movies, pairs of ganglion cells were modestly more correlated than in response to white noise checkerboards, but …
The Effect Of Protein Timing On Muscle Strength And Hypertrophy: A Meta-Analysis, Brad Jon Schoenfeld, Alan Albert Aragon, James W. Krieger
The Effect Of Protein Timing On Muscle Strength And Hypertrophy: A Meta-Analysis, Brad Jon Schoenfeld, Alan Albert Aragon, James W. Krieger
Publications and Research
Protein timing is a popular dietary strategy designed to optimize the adaptive response to exercise. The strategy involves consuming protein in and around a training session in an effort to facilitate muscular repair and remodeling, and thereby enhance post-exercise strength- and hypertrophy-related adaptations. Despite the apparent biological plausibility of the strategy, however, the effectiveness of protein timing in chronic training studies has been decidedly mixed. The purpose of this paper therefore was to conduct a multi-level meta-regression of randomized controlled trials to determine whether protein timing is a viable strategy for enhancing post-exercise muscular adaptations. The strength analysis comprised 478 …
Effects Of Water Availability And Pest Pressures On Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Growth And Functional Quality, Selena Ahmed, Colin M. Orians, Timothy S. Griffin, Sarabeth Buckley, Uchenna Unachukwu, Anne Elise Stratton, John Richard Stepp, Albert Robbat Jr, Sean Cash, Edward J. Kennelly
Effects Of Water Availability And Pest Pressures On Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Growth And Functional Quality, Selena Ahmed, Colin M. Orians, Timothy S. Griffin, Sarabeth Buckley, Uchenna Unachukwu, Anne Elise Stratton, John Richard Stepp, Albert Robbat Jr, Sean Cash, Edward J. Kennelly
Publications and Research
Extreme shifts in water availability linked to global climate change are impacting crops worldwide. The present study examines the direct and interactive effects of water availability and pest pressures on tea (Camellia sinensis; Theaceae) growth and functional quality. Manipulative greenhouse experiments were used to measure the effects of variable water availability and pest pressures simulated by jasmonic acid (JA) on tea leaf growth and secondary metabolites that determine tea quality. Water treatments were simulated to replicate ideal tea growing conditions and extreme precipitation events in tropical southwestern China, a major centre of tea production. Results show that higher water availability …
An Argument And Plan For Promoting The Teaching And Learning Of Neglected Tropical Diseases, Kevin M. Bonney
An Argument And Plan For Promoting The Teaching And Learning Of Neglected Tropical Diseases, Kevin M. Bonney
Publications and Research
Neglected tropical diseases constitute a significant public health burden, affecting over one billion people globally, yet this group of diseases is underrepresented in the appropriation of both monetary and intellectual capital for developing improved therapies and public health campaigns. The topic of neglected tropical diseases has been similarly marginalized in the biology classrooms of our nation’s high schools and colleges, despite offering an opportunity to teach and learn about a diverse area of microbiology with far-reaching public health, social, and economic implications. Discussed herein is an argument for increasing the representation of neglected tropical diseases in microbiology education as a …
Microfluidic Generated Egf-Gradients Induce Chemokinesis Of Transplantable Retinal Progenitor Cells Via The Jak/Stat And Pi3kinase Signaling Pathways, Uchenna J. Unachukwu, Moira Sauane, Maribel Vazquez, Stephen Redenti
Microfluidic Generated Egf-Gradients Induce Chemokinesis Of Transplantable Retinal Progenitor Cells Via The Jak/Stat And Pi3kinase Signaling Pathways, Uchenna J. Unachukwu, Moira Sauane, Maribel Vazquez, Stephen Redenti
Publications and Research
A growing number of studies are evaluating retinal progenitor cell (RPC) transplantation as an approach to repair retinal degeneration and restore visual function. To advance cell-replacement strategies for a practical retinal therapy, it is important to define the molecular and biochemical mechanisms guiding RPC motility. We have analyzed RPC expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and evaluated whether exposure to epidermal growth factor (EGF) can coordinate motogenic activity in vitro. Using Boyden chamber analysis as an initial highthroughput screen, we determined that RPC motility was optimally stimulated by EGF concentrations in the range of 20-400ng/ml, with decreased stimulation …
Biome Q10 And Dryness, Chuixiang Yi, Daniel Ricciuto, George Hendrey
Biome Q10 And Dryness, Chuixiang Yi, Daniel Ricciuto, George Hendrey
Publications and Research
Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (Q10) is a critical parameter in carbon cycle models with important implications for climate-carbon feedbacks in the 21st century. The common assumption of a constant Q10, usually with a value of 2.0, was shown to be invalid by a previous model-data fusion study that reported biome-specific values of this parameter. We extend the previous analysis by demonstrating that these biome-level values of Q10 also are a function of dryness (R2 = 0.54). When tundra and cultivated lands are excluded, the correlation is much stronger (R2 = 0.92). Therefore …
Personal And Household Hygiene, Environmental Contamination, And Health In Undergraduate Residence Halls In New York City, 2011, Benjamin A. Miko, Bevin Cohen, Katharine Haxall, Laurie Conway, Nicole Kelly, Dianne Stare, Christina Tropiano, Allan Gilman, Samuel L. Seward, Elaine Larson
Personal And Household Hygiene, Environmental Contamination, And Health In Undergraduate Residence Halls In New York City, 2011, Benjamin A. Miko, Bevin Cohen, Katharine Haxall, Laurie Conway, Nicole Kelly, Dianne Stare, Christina Tropiano, Allan Gilman, Samuel L. Seward, Elaine Larson
Publications and Research
Background While several studies have documented the importance of hand washing in the university setting, the added role of environmental hygiene remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize the personal and environmental hygiene habits of college students, define the determinants of hygiene in this population, and assess the relationship between reported hygiene behaviors, environmental contamination, and health status. Methods 501 undergraduate students completed a previously validated survey assessing baseline demographics, hygiene habits, determinants of hygiene, and health status. Sixty survey respondents had microbiological samples taken from eight standardized surfaces in their dormitory environment. Bacterial contamination was …
Students Teaching Students: A Method For Collaborative Learning, Jean Halley, Courtney Heiserman, Victoria Felix, Amy Eshleman
Students Teaching Students: A Method For Collaborative Learning, Jean Halley, Courtney Heiserman, Victoria Felix, Amy Eshleman
Publications and Research
The Student Small Group Presentation (SSGP) model, a student-centered approach, is introduced and applied to learning communities. Similar to the jigsaw classroom, small groups of students in learning communities are responsible for teaching material to their peers. Unlike other jigsaw techniques, presentation groups in the SSGP teach an entire lesson based on collaborative work conducted outside of class. Presenters are responsible for thorough analysis of course material as they lead a discussion among a small group of peers. Students meet with the same small group throughout the semester, creating a feeling of intimate community within the larger learning community. By …
Quantifying Reproducibility In Computational Biology: The Case Of The Tuberculosis Drugome, Daniel Garijo, Sarah Kinnings, Li Xie, Lei Xie, Yinliang Zhang, Philip E. Bourne, Yolanda Gil
Quantifying Reproducibility In Computational Biology: The Case Of The Tuberculosis Drugome, Daniel Garijo, Sarah Kinnings, Li Xie, Lei Xie, Yinliang Zhang, Philip E. Bourne, Yolanda Gil
Publications and Research
How easy is it to reproduce the results found in a typical computational biology paper? Either through experience or intuition the reader will already know that the answer is with difficulty or not at all. In this paper we attempt to quantify this difficulty by reproducing a previously published paper for different classes of users (ranging from users with little expertise to domain experts) and suggest ways in which the situation might be improved. Quantification is achieved by estimating the time required to reproduce each of the steps in the method described in the original paper and make them part …
Iterative Feature Removal Yields Highly Discriminative Pathways, Stephen O’Hara, Kun Wang, Richard A. Slayden, Alan R. Schenkel, Greg Huber, Corey S. O’Hern, Mark D. Shattuck, Michael Kirby
Iterative Feature Removal Yields Highly Discriminative Pathways, Stephen O’Hara, Kun Wang, Richard A. Slayden, Alan R. Schenkel, Greg Huber, Corey S. O’Hern, Mark D. Shattuck, Michael Kirby
Publications and Research
Background We introduce Iterative Feature Removal (IFR) as an unbiased approach for selecting features with diagnostic capacity from large data sets. The algorithm is based on recently developed tools in machine learning that are driven by sparse feature selection goals. When applied to genomic data, our method is designed to identify genes that can provide deeper insight into complex interactions while remaining directly connected to diagnostic utility. We contrast this approach with the search for a minimal best set of discriminative genes, which can provide only an incomplete picture of the biological complexity. Results Microarray data sets typically contain far …
High Glucose Attenuates Shear-Induced Changes In Endothelial Hydraulic Conductivity By Degrading The Glycocalyx, Sandra V. Lopez-Quintero, Limary M. Cancel, Alexis Pierides, David Antonetti, David C. Spray, John M. Tarbell
High Glucose Attenuates Shear-Induced Changes In Endothelial Hydraulic Conductivity By Degrading The Glycocalyx, Sandra V. Lopez-Quintero, Limary M. Cancel, Alexis Pierides, David Antonetti, David C. Spray, John M. Tarbell
Publications and Research
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, the mechanisms through which diabetes impairs homeostasis of the vasculature have not been completely elucidated. The endothelium interacts with circulating blood through the surface glycocalyx layer, which serves as a mechanosensor/transducer of fluid shear forces leading to biomolecular responses. Atherosclerosis localizes typically in regions of low or disturbed shear stress, but in diabetics, the distribution is more diffuse, suggesting that there is a fundamental difference in the way cells sense shear forces. In the present study, we examined the effect of hyperglycemia on mechanotranduction in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). …
Pkmζ Differentially Utilized Between Sexes For Remote Long-Term Spatial Memory, Veronica Sebastian, Tatyana Vergel, Raheela Baig, Lisa M. Schrott, Peter A. Serrano
Pkmζ Differentially Utilized Between Sexes For Remote Long-Term Spatial Memory, Veronica Sebastian, Tatyana Vergel, Raheela Baig, Lisa M. Schrott, Peter A. Serrano
Publications and Research
It is well established that male rats have an advantage in acquiring place-learning strategies, allowing them to learn spatial tasks more readily than female rats. However many of these differences have been examined solely during acquisition or in 24h memory retention. Here, we investigated whether sex differences exist in remote long-term memory, lasting 30d after training, and whether there are differences in the expression pattern of molecular markers associated with long-term memory maintenance. Specifically, we analyzed the expression of protein kinase M zeta (PKMζ) and the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit GluA2. To adequately evaluate memory retention, we used a …
Communication And Common Interest, Peter Godfrey-Smith, Manolo Martínez
Communication And Common Interest, Peter Godfrey-Smith, Manolo Martínez
Publications and Research
Explaining the maintenance of communicative behavior in the face of incentives to deceive, conceal information, or exaggerate is an important problem in behavioral biology. When the interests of agents diverge, some form of signal cost is often seen as essential to maintaining honesty. Here, novel computational methods are used to investigate the role of common interest between the sender and receiver of messages in maintaining cost-free informative signaling in a signaling game. Two measures of common interest are defined. These quantify the divergence between sender and receiver in their preference orderings over acts the receiver might perform in each state …
Trabecular Evidence For A Human-Like Gait In Australopithecus Africanus, Meir M. Barak, Daniel E. Lieberman, David Raichlen, Herman Pontzer, Anna G. Warrener, Jean-Jacques Hublin
Trabecular Evidence For A Human-Like Gait In Australopithecus Africanus, Meir M. Barak, Daniel E. Lieberman, David Raichlen, Herman Pontzer, Anna G. Warrener, Jean-Jacques Hublin
Publications and Research
Although the earliest known hominins were apparently upright bipeds, there has been mixed evidence whether particular species of hominins including those in the genus Australopithecus walked with relatively extended hips, knees and ankles like modern humans, or with more flexed lower limb joints like apes when bipedal. Here we demonstrate in chimpanzees and humans a highly predictable and sensitive relationship between the orientation of the ankle joint during loading and the principal orientation of trabecular bone struts in the distal tibia that function to withstand compressive forces within the joint. Analyses of the orientation of these struts using microCT scans …
Role Of Faah-Like Anandamide Transporter In Anandamide Inactivation, Kwannok Leung, Matthew W. Elmes, Sherrye T. Glaser, Dale G. Deutsch, Martin Kaczocha
Role Of Faah-Like Anandamide Transporter In Anandamide Inactivation, Kwannok Leung, Matthew W. Elmes, Sherrye T. Glaser, Dale G. Deutsch, Martin Kaczocha
Publications and Research
The endocannabinoid system modulates numerous physiological processes including nociception and reproduction. Anandamide (AEA) is an endocannabinoid that is inactivated by cellular uptake followed by intracellular hydrolysis by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Recently, FAAH-like anandamide transporter (FLAT), a truncated and catalytically-inactive variant of FAAH, was proposed to function as an intracellular AEA carrier and mediate its delivery to FAAH for hydrolysis. Pharmacological inhibition of FLAT potentiated AEA signaling and produced antinociceptive effects. Given that endocannabinoids produce analgesia through central and peripheral mechanisms, the goal of the current work was to examine the expression of FLAT in the central and peripheral …
Microinjection Wound Assay And In Vivo Localization Of Epidermal Wound Response Reporters In Drosophila Embryos., Michelle T. Juarez, Rachel A. Patterson, Wilson Li, William Mcginnis
Microinjection Wound Assay And In Vivo Localization Of Epidermal Wound Response Reporters In Drosophila Embryos., Michelle T. Juarez, Rachel A. Patterson, Wilson Li, William Mcginnis
Publications and Research
The Drosophila embryo develops a robust epidermal layer that serves both to protect the internal cells from a harsh external environment as well as to maintain cellular homeostasis. Puncture injury with glass needles provides a direct method to trigger a rapid epidermal wound response that activates wound transcriptional reporters, which can be visualized by a localized reporter signal in living embryos or larvae. Puncture or laser injury also provides signals that promote the recruitment of hemocytes to the wound site. Surprisingly, severe (through and through) puncture injury in late stage embryos only rarely disrupts normal embryonic development, as greater than …
Assessing The Performance Of A Northern Gulf Of Mexico Tidal Model Using Satellite Imagery, Stephen C. Medeiros, Scott C. Hagen, Naira Chaouch, Jesse Feyen, Marouane Temimi, John F. Weishampel, Yuji Funakoshi, Reza Khanbilvardi
Assessing The Performance Of A Northern Gulf Of Mexico Tidal Model Using Satellite Imagery, Stephen C. Medeiros, Scott C. Hagen, Naira Chaouch, Jesse Feyen, Marouane Temimi, John F. Weishampel, Yuji Funakoshi, Reza Khanbilvardi
Publications and Research
Tidal harmonic analysis simulations along with simulations spanning four specific historical time periods in 2003 and 2004 were conducted to test the performance of a northern Gulf of Mexico tidal model. A recently developed method for detecting inundated areas based on integrated remotely sensed data (i.e., Radarsat-1, aerial imagery, LiDAR, Landsat 7 ETM+) was applied to assess the performance of the tidal model. The analysis demonstrates the applicability of the method and its agreement with traditional performance assessment techniques such as harmonic resynthesis and water level time series analysis. Based on the flooded/non-flooded coastal areas estimated by the integrated remotely …
Project Safe Flight: Making New York Safe For Migratory Birds, Kaitlyn L. Parkins, Susan B. Elbin Ph.D., Adriana Palmer, Darren Klein, Elle Barnes
Project Safe Flight: Making New York Safe For Migratory Birds, Kaitlyn L. Parkins, Susan B. Elbin Ph.D., Adriana Palmer, Darren Klein, Elle Barnes
Publications and Research
More than 100 species of migratory birds pass through New York City during spring and fall migrations. Located at the nexus of several migratory routes, New York City’s tall buildings and reflective glass pose a serious threat to over 100 species of migratory birds. Since 1997, NYC Audubon has led Project Safe Flight (PSF), a volunteer-based citizen-science project, with the goal of monitoring and mitigating bird collisions. We examined 16 years of PSF data, during which volunteers collected over 6,000 birds of 126 different species. The top two species, White-throated Sparrow and Common Yellowthroat, make up 23% of all collisions. …
Structure–Activity Relationships And Molecular Modeling Of Sphingosine Kinase Inhibitors, Dong Jae Baek, Neil Macritchie, Nahoum G. Anthony, Simon P. Mackay, Susan Pyne, Nigel J. Pyne, Robert Bittman
Structure–Activity Relationships And Molecular Modeling Of Sphingosine Kinase Inhibitors, Dong Jae Baek, Neil Macritchie, Nahoum G. Anthony, Simon P. Mackay, Susan Pyne, Nigel J. Pyne, Robert Bittman
Publications and Research
The design, synthesis, and evaluation of the potency of new isoform-selective inhibitors of sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SK1 and SK2), the enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of d-erythro-sphingosine to produce the key signaling lipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate, are described. Recently, we reported that 1-(4-octylphenethyl)piperidin-4-ol (RB-005) is a selective inhibitor of SK1. Here we report the synthesis of 43 new analogues of RB-005, in which the lipophilic tail, polar headgroup, and linker region were modified to extend the structure–activity relationship profile for this lead compound, which we explain using modeling studies with the recently published crystal structure of SK1. We provide …
Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalizations In Relation To Exposure To The September 11, 2001 World Trade Center Disaster And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Hannah T. Jordan, Steven D. Stellman, Alfredo Morabia, Sara A. Miller‐Archie, Howard Alper, Zoey Laskaris, Robert M. Brackbill, James E. Cone
Cardiovascular Disease Hospitalizations In Relation To Exposure To The September 11, 2001 World Trade Center Disaster And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Hannah T. Jordan, Steven D. Stellman, Alfredo Morabia, Sara A. Miller‐Archie, Howard Alper, Zoey Laskaris, Robert M. Brackbill, James E. Cone
Publications and Research
Background A cohort study found that 9/11‐related environmental exposures and posttraumatic stress disorder increased self‐reported cardiovascular disease risk. We attempted to replicate these findings using objectively defined cardiovascular disease hospitalizations in the same cohort. Methods and Results Data for adult World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees residing in New York State on enrollment and no cardiovascular disease history (n=46 346) were linked to a New York State hospital discharge–reporting system. Follow‐up began at Registry enrollment (2003–2004) and ended at the first cerebrovascular or heart disease (HD) hospitalization, death, or December 31, 2010, whichever was earliest. We used proportional hazards models …
Acute Physiological Stress Promotes Clustering Of Synaptic Markers And Alters Spine Morphology In The Hippocampus, Veronica Sebastian, Jim Brian Estil, Daniel Chen, Lisa M. Schrott, Peter A. Serrano
Acute Physiological Stress Promotes Clustering Of Synaptic Markers And Alters Spine Morphology In The Hippocampus, Veronica Sebastian, Jim Brian Estil, Daniel Chen, Lisa M. Schrott, Peter A. Serrano
Publications and Research
GluA2-containing AMPA receptors and their association with protein kinase M zeta (PKMζ) and post-synaptic density-95 (PSD-95) are important for learning, memory and synaptic plasticity processes. Here we investigated these synaptic markers in the context of an acute 1h platform stress, which can disrupt spatial memory retrieval for a short-term memory on the object placement task and long-term memory retrieval on a well-learned radial arm maze task. Acute stress increased serum corticosterone and elevated the expression of synaptic PKMζ while decreasing synaptic GluA2. Using co-immunoprecipitation, we found that this stressor promotes the clustering of GluA2, PKMζ and PSD-95, which is consistent …
Effects Of Weak Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation On Brain Activity—A Review Of Known Mechanisms From Animal Studies, Davide Reato, Asif Rahman, Marom Bikson, Lucas C. Parra
Effects Of Weak Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation On Brain Activity—A Review Of Known Mechanisms From Animal Studies, Davide Reato, Asif Rahman, Marom Bikson, Lucas C. Parra
Publications and Research
Rhythmic neuronal activity is ubiquitous in the human brain. These rhythms originate from a variety of different network mechanisms, which give rise to a wide-ranging spectrum of oscillation frequencies. In the last few years an increasing number of clinical research studies have explored transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with weak current as a tool for affecting brain function. The premise of these interventions is that tACS will interact with ongoing brain oscillations. However, the exact mechanisms by which weak currents could affect neuronal oscillations at different frequency bands are not well known and this, in turn, limits the rational optimization …
Origins Of Specificity During Tdcs: Anatomical, Activity-Selective, And Input-Bias Mechanisms, Marom Bikson, Asif Rahman
Origins Of Specificity During Tdcs: Anatomical, Activity-Selective, And Input-Bias Mechanisms, Marom Bikson, Asif Rahman
Publications and Research
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is investigated for a broad range of neuropsychiatric indications, various rehabilitation applications, and to modulate cognitive performance in diverse tasks. Specificity of tDCS refers broadly to the ability of tDCS to produce precise, as opposed to diffuse, changes in brain function. Practically, specificity of tDCS implies application-specific customization of protocols to maximize desired outcomes and minimize undesired effects. Especially given the simplicity of tDCS and the complexity of brain function, understanding the mechanisms leading to specificity is fundamental to the rational advancement of tDCS. We define the origins of specificity based on anatomical and functional …
A New Look At The Dynamic Similarity Hypothesis: The Importance Of Swing Phase, David A. Raichlen, Herman Pontzer, Liza J. Shapiro
A New Look At The Dynamic Similarity Hypothesis: The Importance Of Swing Phase, David A. Raichlen, Herman Pontzer, Liza J. Shapiro
Publications and Research
Summary The Dynamic Similarity Hypothesis (DSH) suggests that when animals of different size walk at similar Froude numbers (equal ratios of inertial and gravitational forces) they will use similar size-corrected gaits. This application of similarity theory to animal biomechanics has contributed to fundamental insights in the mechanics and evolution of a diverse set of locomotor systems. However, despite its popularity, many mammals fail to walk with dynamically similar stride lengths, a key element of gait that determines spontaneous speed and energy costs. Here, we show that the applicability of the DSH is dependent on the inertial forces examined. In general, …
Endogenous Human Mdm2-C Is Highly Expressed In Human Cancers And Functions As A P53-Independent Growth Activator, Danielle R. Okoro, Nicoleta Arva, Chong Gao, Alla Polotskaia, Cindy Puente, Melissa Rosso, Jill Bargonetti
Endogenous Human Mdm2-C Is Highly Expressed In Human Cancers And Functions As A P53-Independent Growth Activator, Danielle R. Okoro, Nicoleta Arva, Chong Gao, Alla Polotskaia, Cindy Puente, Melissa Rosso, Jill Bargonetti
Publications and Research
Human cancers over-expressing mdm2, through a T to G variation at a single nucleotide polymorphism at position 309 (mdm2 SNP309), have functionally inactivated p53 that is not effectively degraded. They also have high expression of the alternatively spliced transcript, mdm2-C. Alternatively spliced mdm2 transcripts are expressed in many forms of human cancer and when they are exogenously expressed they transform human cells. However no study to date has detected endogenous MDM2 protein isoforms. Studies with exogenous expression of splice variants have been carried out with mdm2-A and mdm2-B, but the mdm2-C isoform has remained virtually unexplored. We addressed the cellular …
Antibacterial Mechanisms Identified Through Structural Systems Pharmacology, Roger L. Chang, Lei Xie, Philip E. Bourne, Bernhard O. Palsson
Antibacterial Mechanisms Identified Through Structural Systems Pharmacology, Roger L. Chang, Lei Xie, Philip E. Bourne, Bernhard O. Palsson
Publications and Research
Background The growing discipline of structural systems pharmacology is applied prospectively in this study to predict pharmacological outcomes of antibacterial compounds in Escherichia coli K12. This work builds upon previously established methods for structural prediction of ligand binding pockets on protein molecules and utilizes and expands upon the previously developed genome scale model of metabolism integrated with protein structures (GEM-PRO) for E. coli, structurally accounting for protein complexes. Carefully selected case studies are demonstrated to display the potential for this structural systems pharmacology framework in discovery and development of antibacterial compounds. Results The prediction framework for antibacterial activity of compounds …
Inter- And Intra-Specific Pan-Genomes Of Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato: Genome Stability And Adaptive Radiation, Emmanuel F. Mongodin, Sherwood R. Casjens, John F. Bruno, Yun Xu, Elliott Franco Drabek, David R. Riley, Brandi L. Cantarel, Pedro E. Pagan, Yozen A. Hernandez, Levy C. Vargas, John J. Dunn, Steven E. Schutzer, Claire M. Fraser, Wei-Gang Qiu, Benjamin J. Luft
Inter- And Intra-Specific Pan-Genomes Of Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato: Genome Stability And Adaptive Radiation, Emmanuel F. Mongodin, Sherwood R. Casjens, John F. Bruno, Yun Xu, Elliott Franco Drabek, David R. Riley, Brandi L. Cantarel, Pedro E. Pagan, Yozen A. Hernandez, Levy C. Vargas, John J. Dunn, Steven E. Schutzer, Claire M. Fraser, Wei-Gang Qiu, Benjamin J. Luft
Publications and Research
Background Lyme disease is caused by spirochete bacteria from the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (B. burgdorferi s.l.) species complex. To reconstruct the evolution of B. burgdorferi s.l. and identify the genomic basis of its human virulence, we compared the genomes of 23 B. burgdorferi s.l. isolates from Europe and the United States, including B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (B. burgdorferi s.s., 14 isolates), B. afzelii (2), B. garinii (2), B. “bavariensis” (1), B. spielmanii (1), B. valaisiana (1), B. bissettii (1), and B. “finlandensis” (1). Results Robust B. burgdorferi s.s. and B. burgdorferi s.l. phylogenies were obtained using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms, …
Anxiety And Error Monitoring: The Importance Of Motivation And Emotion, Greg H. Proudfit, Michael Inzlicht, Douglas S. Mennin
Anxiety And Error Monitoring: The Importance Of Motivation And Emotion, Greg H. Proudfit, Michael Inzlicht, Douglas S. Mennin
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Are Characiform Fishes Gondwanan In Origin? Insights From A Time-Scaled Molecular Phylogeny Of The Citharinoidei (Ostariophysi: Characiformes), Jairo Arroyave, John S. S. Denton, Melanie L. J. Stiassny
Are Characiform Fishes Gondwanan In Origin? Insights From A Time-Scaled Molecular Phylogeny Of The Citharinoidei (Ostariophysi: Characiformes), Jairo Arroyave, John S. S. Denton, Melanie L. J. Stiassny
Publications and Research
Fishes of the order Characiformes are a diverse and economically important teleost clade whose extant members are found exclusively in African and Neotropical freshwaters. Although their transatlantic distribution has been primarily attributed to the Early Cretaceous fragmentation of western Gondwana, vicariance has not been tested with temporal information beyond that contained in their fragmentary fossil record and a recent time-scaled phylogeny focused on the African family Alestidae. Because members of the suborder Citharinoidei constitute the sister lineage to the entire remaining Afro-Neotropical characiform radiation, we inferred a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of citharinoids using a popular Bayesian approach to molecular dating …
Cervicothoracic Multisegmental Transpinal Evoked Potentials In Humans, Jonathan Einhorn, Alan Li, Royi Hazan, Maria Knikou
Cervicothoracic Multisegmental Transpinal Evoked Potentials In Humans, Jonathan Einhorn, Alan Li, Royi Hazan, Maria Knikou
Publications and Research
The objectives of this study were to establish the neurophysiological properties of the transpinal evoked potentials (TEPs) following transcutaneous electric stimulation of the spine (tsESS) over the cervicothoracic region, changes in the amplitude of the TEPs preceded by median nerve stimulation at group I threshold, and the effects of tsESS on the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) H-reflex in thirteen healthy human subjects while seated. Two re-usable self-adhering electrodes, connected to function as one electrode (cathode), were placed bilaterally on the clavicles. A re-usable electrode (anode) was placed on the cervicothoracic region covering from Cervical 4 – Thoracic 2 and held …