Digital Commons Network^™

Sliding Window Based Feature Extraction And Traffic Clustering For Green Mobile Cyberphysical Systems, Jiao Zhang, Li Zhou, Angran Xiao, Sai Zeng, Haitao Zhao, Jibo Wei

Publications and Research

Both the densification of small base stations and the diversity of user activities bring huge challenges for today’s heterogeneous networks, either heavy burdens on base stations or serious energy waste. In order to ensure coverage of the network while reducing the total energy consumption, we adopt a green mobile cyberphysical system (MCPS) to handle this problem. In this paper, we propose a feature extractionmethod using sliding window to extract the distribution feature of mobile user equipment (UE), and a case study is presented to demonstrate that the method is efficacious in reserving the clustering distribution feature. Furthermore, we present traffic …

Tunneling Of Hybridized Pairs Of Electrons Through A One-Dimensional Channel, Godfrey Gumbs, Danghong Huang, Julie Hon, M. Pepper, Sanjeev Kumar

Publications and Research

Recently, the electron transport through a quasi-one dimensional (quasi-1D) electron gas was investigated experimentally as a function of the confining potential. We present a physical model for quantum ballistic transport of electrons through a short conduction channel, and investigate the role played by the Coulomb interaction in modifying the energy levels of twoelectron states at low temperatures as the width of the channel is increased. In this regime, the effect of the Coulomb interaction on the two-electron states has been shown to lead to four split energy levels, including two anticrossings and two crossinglevel states. Due to the interplay between …

Development Of Geospatial And Temporal Characteristics For Hispaniola’S Lake Azuei And Enriquillo Using Landsat Imagery, Mahrokh Moknatian, Michael Piasecki, Jorge Gonzalez

Publications and Research

In this paper, we used Landsat imagery for water body identification to create a novel 36-year surface area extent time series for lakes Azuei (Haiti) and Enriquillo (Dominican Republic) aimed at illuminating the dramatic temporal changes of these two lakes not just at yearly but at monthly or even sub-monthly scales. We used the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to extract water features and we also used spatial differentiation and thresholding techniques to remove clouds and associated shadows from the scene that were then passed through gap filling algorithms to complete and extract the lake extent polygons. We also explored …

Automated Refactoring Of Legacy Java Software To Default Methods, Raffi Khatchadourian, Hidehiko Masuhara

Publications and Research

Java 8 default methods, which allow interfaces to contain (instance) method implementations, are useful for the skeletal implementation software design pattern. However, it is not easy to transform existing software to exploit default methods as it requires analyzing complex type hierarchies, resolving multiple implementation inheritance issues, reconciling differences between class and interface methods, and analyzing tie-breakers (dispatch precedence) with overriding class methods to preserve type-correctness and confirm semantics preservation. In this paper, we present an efficient, fully-automated, type constraint-based refactoring approach that assists developers in taking advantage of enhanced interfaces for their legacy Java software. The approach features an extensive …

Automated Refactoring Of Legacy Java Software To Default Methods, Raffi Khatchadourian, Hidehiko Masuhara

Publications and Research

Java 8 introduces enhanced interfaces, allowing for default (instance) methods that implementers will inherit if none are provided [3]. Default methods can be used [2] as a replacement of the skeletal implementation pattern [1], which creates abstract skeletal implementation classes that implementers extend. Migrating legacy code using the skeletal implementation pattern to instead use default methods can require significant manual effort due to subtle language and semantic restrictions. It requires preserving typecorrectness by analyzing complex type hierarchies, resolving issues arising from multiple inheritance, reconciling differences between class and interface methods, and ensuring tie-breakers with overriding class methods do not alter …

Cancer Cell Spheroids Are A Better Screen For The Photodynamic Efficiency Of Glycosylated Photosensitizers, Patrícia M. R. Pereira, Naxhije Berisha, N.V.S. Dinesh K. Bhupathiraju, Rosa Fernandes, João P.C. Tomé, Charles Michael Drain

Publications and Research

Environmental remediation requires ion-selective polymers that operate under a wide range of solution conditions. In one example, removal of trivalent and divalent metal ions from waste streams resulting from mining operations before they enter the environment requires treatment at acidic pH. The monoethyl ester phosphate ligands developed in this report operate from acidic solutions. They have been prepared on polystyrene-bound ethylene glycol, glycerol, and pentaerythritol, and it is found that intraligand hydrogen bonding affects their metal ion affinities. The affinity for a set of trivalent (Fe(III), Al(III), La(III), and Lu(III)) and divalent (Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II)) ions is greater …

Inferring Personal Economic Status From Social Network Location, Shaojun Luo, Flaviano Morone, Carlos Sarraute, Matias Travizano, Hernan A. Makse

Publications and Research

It is commonly believed that patterns of social ties affect individuals’ economic status. Here we translate this concept into an operational definition at the network level, which allows us to infer the economic well-being of individuals through a measure of their location and influence in the social network.We analyse two large-scale sources: telecommunications and financial data of a whole country’s population. Our results show that an individual’s location, measured as the optimal collective influence to the structural integrity of the social network, is highly correlated with personal economic status. The observed social network patterns of influence mimic the patterns of …

The Rising Gap Between Rich And Poor: A Look At The Persistence Of Educational Disparities In The United States And Why We Should Worry, Roseanne L. Flores

Publications and Research

In 2001 the no child left behind act was signed into law with the promise to close the achievement gap between disadvantaged children and their white and more affluent peers. Ribbons were cut, ceremonies were held, as America set off on a new path to ensure that all children would have the tools necessary to achieve the American Dream. Children who in the past only had access to low-quality schools would now be able to attend high-quality schools and acquire the skills necessary to become productive citizens and obtain jobs that would catapult them into the middle class. They would …

Impact Of Heatwave On A Megacity: An Observational Analysis Of New York City During July 2016, Prathap Ramamurthy, Jorge Gonzalez, Luis E. Ortiz, Mark Arend, Fred Moshary

Publications and Research

More than half of the world's current population resides in urban areas, and cities account for roughly three-quarters of the total greenhouse gas emissions. Current and future trends in urbanization will have significant impacts on global climate. However, our collective understanding of the climate of urban areas remains deficient, which is mainly related to significant knowledge gaps in observations. The New York City Summer Heat Campaign was initiated to address some of these critical knowledge gaps. As part of the campaign the urban boundary layer over New York City was continuously monitored during July 2016, a period that witnessed three …

Knowledge Systems And The Colonial Legacies In African Science Education, Edward Lehner, John R. Ziegler

Publications and Research

This review surveys Femi Otulaja and Meshach Ogunniyi’s (2015) Handbook of Research in Science Education in Sub-Saharan Africa, noting the significance of the theoretically rich content and how this book contributes to the field of education as well as to the humanities more broadly. The volume usefully outlines the ways in which science education and scholarship in sub-Saharan Africa continue to be impacted by the region’s colonial history. Several of the chapters also enumerate proposals for teaching and learning science and strengthening academic exchange. Concerns that recur across many of the chapters include inadequate implementation of reforms; a lack …

Toward Measuring Network Aesthetics Based On Symmetry, Zengqiang Chen, Matthias Dehmer, Frank Emmert-Streib, Abbe Mowshowitz, Yongtang Shi

Publications and Research

In this exploratory paper, we discuss quantitative graph-theoretical measures of network aesthetics. Related work in this area has typically focused on geometrical features (e.g., line crossings or edge bendiness) of drawings or visual representations of graphs which purportedly affect an observer’s perception. Here we take a very different approach, abandoning reliance on geometrical properties, and apply information-theoretic measures to abstract graphs and networks directly (rather than to their visual representaions) as a means of capturing classical appreciation of structural symmetry. Examples are used solely to motivate the approach to measurement, and to elucidate our symmetry-based mathematical theory of network aesthetics.

Comparing Tensorflow Deep Learning Performance Using Cpus, Gpus, Local Pcs And Cloud, John Lawrence, Jonas Malmsten, Andrey Rybka, Daniel A. Sabol, Ken Triplin

Publications and Research

Deep learning is a very computational intensive task. Traditionally GPUs have been used to speed-up computations by several orders of magnitude. TensorFlow is a deep learning framework designed to improve performance further by running on multiple nodes in a distributed system. While TensorFlow has only been available for a little over a year, it has quickly become the most popular open source machine learning project on GitHub. The open source version of TensorFlow was originally only capable of running on a single node while Google’s proprietary version only was capable of leveraging distributed systems. This has now changed. In this …

Concentrations And Size Distributions Of Bacteria-Containing Particles Over Oceans From China To The Arctic Ocean, Ming Li, Xiawei Yu, Hui Kang, Zhouqing Xie, Pengfei Zhang

Publications and Research

During the third China Arctic Research Expedition (July–September 2008), size-resolved measurements of bacteria-containing particles (BCPs) in the marine boundary layer (MBL) air were conducted during a cruise through the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Japan Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea, and the Arctic Ocean. The concentrations of total airborne BCPs (TBCPs), non-salt tolerant airborne BCPs (NSBCPs), and salt tolerant airborne BCPs (SBCPs) varied from 29 to 955 CFU m − 3 (CFU = Colony Forming Unit), 16 to 919 CFU m − 3 , and 4 to 276 CFU m − 3 , …

A Global Study Of Gpp Focusing On Light-Use Efficiency In A Random Forest Regression Model, Suhua Wei, Chuixiang Yi, Wei Fang, George Hendrey

Publications and Research

Light-use efficiency (LUE) is at the core of mechanistic modeling of global gross primary production (GPP). However, most LUE estimates in global models are satellite based and coarsely measured with emphasis on environmental variables. Others are from eddy covariance towers with much greater spatial and temporal data quality and emphasis on mechanistic processes, but in a limited number of sites. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive global study of tower-based LUE from 237 FLUXNET towers, and scaled up LUEs from in situ tower level to global biome level. We integrated the tower-based LUE estimates with key environmental and biological …

29si Nmr And Saxs Investigation Of The Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Glasses Obtained By Consolidation Of The Melting Gels, Andrei Jitianu, Sylvian Cadars, Fan Zhang, Gabriela Rodriguez, Quentin Picard, Mario Aparicio, Jadra Mosa, Lisa C. Klein

Publications and Research

This study is focused on structural characterization of hybrid glasses obtained by consolidation of melting gels. The melting gels were prepared in molar ratios of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDES) of 75%MTES-25%DMDES and 65%MTES-35%DMDES. Following consolidation, the hybrid glasses were characterized using Raman, ²⁹Si and ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, synchrotron Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Raman spectroscopy revealed the presence of Si–C bonds in the hybrid glasses and 8-membered ring structures in the Si–O–Si network. Qualitative NMR spectroscopy identified the main molecular species, while quantitative NMR data showed that the ratio …

Assessment Of Marine Weather Forecasts Over The Indian Sector Of Southern Ocean, Anitha Gera, D K. Mahapatra, Kuldeep Sharma, Satya Prakash, A. K. Mitra, G. R. Iyengar, E. N. Rajagopal, N. Anil Kumar

Publications and Research

The Southern Ocean (SO) is one of the important regions where significant processes and feedbacks of the Earth's climate take place. Expeditions to the SO provide useful data for improving global weather/climate simulations and understanding many processes. Some of the uncertainties in these weather/climate models arise during the first few days of simulation/forecast and do not grow much further. NCMRWF issued real-time five day weather forecasts of mean sea level pressure, surface winds, winds at 500 hPa & 850 hPa and rainfall, daily to NCAOR to provide guidance for their expedition to Indian sector of SO during the austral summer …

Associated Production Of A Top Pair And A Z Boson At The Lhc To Nnll Accuracy, Alessandro Broggio, Andrea Ferroglia, Giovanni Ossola, Ben D. Pecjak, Ray D. Sameshima

Publications and Research

We study the resummation of soft gluon emission corrections to the production of a top-antitop pair in association with a Z boson at the Large Hadron Collider to next-to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. By means of an in-house parton level Monte Carlo code we evaluate the resummation formula for the total cross section and several differential distributions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV, and we match these calculations to next to-leading order results.

Fixation And Redistribution Of Arsenic During Early And Late Diagenesis In The Organic Matter-Rich Members Of The Lockatong Formation, Newark Basin, Usa: Implications For The Quality Of Groundwater, Larbi Rddad

Publications and Research

The Byram and Walls Island members in the lower and upper sections, respectively, of the Lockatong Formation in the Newark basin near the border between Pennsylvania and New Jersey were chosen to assess (i) the role of euxinic/anoxic conditions in sequestering arsenic (As) and other trace elements and (ii) the redistribution of these elements during catagenetic transformations. These members are rich in organic matter and host pyrite which occurs as disseminations, small patches, and subparallel veins. e sulfur isotope values of pyrite samples range between -7.5 and 0.5 ‰CDT (average = -3.5‰CDT). e negative δ34S values are indicative of Bacterial …

Monitoring The Dark Web And Securing Onion Services, John Schriner

Publications and Research

This paper focuses on how researchers monitor the Dark Web. After defining what onion services and Tor are, we discuss tools for monitoring and securing onion services. As Tor Project itself is research-driven, we find that the development and use of these tools help us to project where use of the Dark Web is headed.

The Olfactory System Revealed: Non-Invasive Mapping By Using Constrained Spherical Deconvolution Tractography In Healthy Humans, Demetrio Milardi, Alberto Cacciola, Alessandro Calamuneri, Maria F. Ghilardi, Fabrizia Caminiti, Filippo Cascio, Veronica Andronaco, Giuseppe Anastasi, Enricomaria Mormina, Alessandro Arrigo, Daniele Bruschetta, Angelo Quartarone

Publications and Research

Although the olfactory sense has always been considered with less interest than the visual, auditive or somatic senses, it does plays a major role in our ordinary life, with important implication in dangerous situations or in social and emotional behaviors. Traditional Diffusion Tensor signal model and related tractography have been used in the past years to reconstruct the cranial nerves, including the olfactory nerve (ON). However, no supplementary information with regard to the pathways of the olfactory network have been provided. Here, by using the more advanced Constrained Spherical Deconvolution (CSD) diffusion model, we show for the first time in …

Toward The Eco-Narrative: Rethinking The Role Of Conflict In Storytelling, Corinne Donly

Publications and Research

Offered as a response to the increasingly popular call within the eco-humanities for stories that will help humankind adapt to catastrophic planetary conditions, this article proposes “the eco-narrative”—an approach to storytelling that strives to compose with, not for, its nonhuman characters. An extension of eco-critical projects that analyze stories for their depictions of nonhumanity, the theoretical research herein brings ecological analysis of narrative to the level of structure. In particular, it problematizes the dominant plot model of conflict/climax/resolution, suggesting that stories motivated by conflict reinforce dualistic and anthropocentric habits for approaching the animal other. Evaluating two narratives concerning the human …

Incorporating Undergraduate Research Experiences In An Engineering Technology Curriculum, Benito Mendoza, Pamela Brown

Publications and Research

Undergraduate research is a high-impact practice leading to student success, engagement, interest in higher education, and skills development. There are two well-known models for incorporating research experiences in a program: Undergraduate Research Experiences (UREs) and Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs). UREs represent the apprentice model. They feature individual students in faculty research laboratories and provide the opportunity for one-on-one mentoring. On the other hand, CUREs are embedded into the curriculum and are open to most students. CUREs put high demands on one or a few mentors to guide many students. UREs and CUREs vary in selectivity, duration, setting, mentoring, and …

Asymptotics For Primitive Roots Producing Polynomials And Primitive Points On Elliptic Curves, Nelson Carella

Publications and Research

Let $x \geq 1$ be a large number, let $f(n) \in \mathbb{Z}[x]$ be a prime producing polynomial of degree $\deg(f)=m$, and let \(u\neq \pm 1,v^2\) be a fixed integer. Assuming the Bateman-Horn conjecture, an asymptotic counting function for the number of primes $p=f(n) \leq x$ with a fixed primitive root $u$ is derived in this note. This asymptotic result has the form $$\pi_f(x)=\# \{ p=f(n)\leq x:\ord_p(u)=p-1 \}=\left (c(u,f)+ O\left (1/\log x )\right ) \right )x^{1/m}/\log x$$, where $c(u,f)$ is a constant depending on the polynomial and the fixed integer. Furthermore, new results for the asymptotic order of elliptic primes with …

Centralized Control For Dc Microgrid Using Finite State Machine, Mahmoud Saleh, Yusef Esa, Ahmed Mohamed

Publications and Research

In this paper, an autonomous communication-based centralized control for DC microgrids (MG) has been developed and implemented. The proposed controller enables smooth transition between various operating modes. Finite state machine (FSM) has been used to mathematically describe the various operating modes (states), and events that may lead to mode changes (transitions). Therefore, the developed centralized controller aims at optimizing the performance of MG during all possible operational scenarios, while maintaining its reliability and stability. Results of selected cases have been presented. These results show stable transition between modes, verifying the validity and applicability of the proposed controller.

Faculty Perception Of Information Literacy At Queensborough Community College, Leslie Ward, Miseon Kim

Publications and Research

This study examines how faculty perceived information literacy classes provided by Queensborough Community College. A survey was distributed in the spring of 2017 via faculty e-mail. The survey focused on the faculty’s department affiliation, usage of information literacy (IL) instruction, and how they value the IL instruction. The results revealed that the highest proportion of faculty members who brought their students to the library and found it the most useful were the English and the Speech department, while faculty in the STEM fields were least likely to utilize the library instruction because they found it was irrelevant to their courses.

Use Of Dimensional Analysis In An Associate Degree Nursing Program, Bridget Maley, Patricia Ford Garofalo

Publications and Research

The aim of this retrospective study was to show the use of dimensional analysis increased associate degree nursing students’ mathematical computation competency and may reduce nursing medication errors in practice. A recent report compiled by Mackary and Daniel from John Hopkins, stated that medical error is the third leading cause of death in the United States [1]. The most commonly cited estimate of annual deaths from medical error in the United States is a 1999 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report which is possibly limited and now outdated [2]. Medication errors contribute to patients’ deaths, whereas nurses administer either incorrect medication, …

Thickness-Properties Synergy In Organic–Inorganic Consolidated Melting-Gel Coatings For Protection Of 304 Stainless Steel In Nacl Solutions, Mario Amapricio, Andrei Jitianu, Gabriela Rodriguez, Kutaiba Al-Marzoki, Mihaela Jitianu, Jadra Mosa, Lisa C. Klein

Publications and Research

Homogeneous and crack-free methyl-substituted organic–inorganic hybrid glass coatings (thickness up to 10 μm) were deposited on AISI 304 stainless steel. Different hybrid glasses obtained fromconsolidation of the diluted melting gels with various methyltriethoxysilane (MTES)/dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDES) ratios were evaluated considering chemical structure, coating adhesion and corrosion protection. The 70MTES/30DMDES (molar%) melting-gel coating provided improved corrosion protection for this steel due to the synergy of different properties: a highly cross-linked inorganic structure, a coating plasticity based on the hybrid network, and a good adhesion to the substrate through hydroxyl groups. Electrochemical results showa good barrier film with a passive range of 500 …

Proof Of Concept: Development Of Snow Liquid Water Content Profiler Using Cs650 Reflectometers At Caribou, Me, Usa, Carlos L. Pérez Díaz, Jonathan Muñoz, Tarendra Lakhankar, Reza Khanbilvardi, Peter Romanov

Publications and Research

The quantity of liquid water in the snowpack defines its wetness. The temporal evolution of snow wetness’s plays a significant role in wet-snow avalanche prediction, meltwater release, and water availability estimations and assessments within a river basin. However, it remains a difficult task and a demanding issue to measure the snowpack’s liquid water content (LWC) and its temporal evolution with conventional in situ techniques. We propose an approach based on the use of time-domain reflectometry (TDR) and CS650 soil water content reflectometers to measure the snowpack’s LWC and temperature profiles. For this purpose, we created an easily-applicable, low-cost, automated, and …

Does Unconscious Bias Effect Higher Ed Hiring?, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

Nobody wants to be called a racist or a misogynist. Most people think that they are not. However, we are constantly making decisions that are influenced by unconscious biases.

Unconscious biases are defined as social stereo- types that are formed about certain groups of people by individuals from outside their own conscious awareness. Psychologists agree that everyone holds unconscious beliefs about various social and identity groups, and that these biases stem from one’s tenden- cy to organize social worlds by categorizing.

Algorithmically Complex Residually Finite Groups, Olga Kharlampovich, Alexei Myanikov, Mark Sapir

Publications and Research

We construct the first examples of algorithmically complex finitely presented residually finite groups and the first examples of finitely presented residually finite groups with arbitrarily large (recursive) Dehn functions, and arbitrarily large depth functions. The groups are solvable of class 3.