Digital Commons Network^™

Demonstrating Cerebral Vascular Networks: A Comparison Of Methods For The Teaching Laboratory, Raddy L. Ramos, Phoebe T. Smith, Susan D. Croll, Joshua C. Brumberg

Publications and Research

One challenge of neuroscience educators is to make accessible to students as many aspects of brain structure and function as possible. The anatomy and function of the cerebrovasculature is among many topics of neuroscience that are underrepresented in undergraduate neuroscience education. Recognizing this deficit, we evaluated methods to produce archival tissue specimens of the cerebrovasculature and the “neurovascular unit” for instruction and demonstration in the teaching lab. An additional goal of this project was to identify the costs of each method as well as to determine which method(s) could be adapted into lab exercises, where students participate in the tissue …

Hip Surgery Candidates: A Comparative Study Of Hip Osteoarthritis And Prior Hip Fracture Patient Characteristics, Ray Marks

Publications and Research

Aim: To assess similarities and differences in patient-related characteristics before and after surgery for painful disabling hip osteoarthritis among elderly subgroups with and without a trauma history. Method: First, a cohort of 1000 hospitalized patients were assessed for trends in: perceived duration of the condition, pain intensity, functional performance ability, walking distance, body mass, and comorbidity characteristics among other factors. Then, the most salient of these patient-related characteristics were compared between 42 cases of hip osteoarthritis without a trauma history and 42 cases with a trauma history matched for age and gender, using medical records and standard data recording and …

Validation Of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (Tes) Nadir Ozone Profiles Using Ozonesonde Measurements, Ray Nassar, Jennifer A. Logan, Helen M. Worden, Inna A. Megretskaia, Kevin W. Bowman, Gregory B. Osterman, Anne M. Thompson, David W. Tarasick, Shermane Austin, Hans Claude, Manvendra K. Dubey, Wayne K. Hocking, Bryan J. Johnson, Everette Joseph, John Merrill, Gary A. Morris, Mike Newchurch, Samuel J. Oltmans, Françoise Posny, F. J. Schmidlin, Holger Vömel, David N. Whiteman, Jacquelyn C. Witte

Publications and Research

We compare Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) version 2 (V002) nadir ozone profiles with ozonesonde profiles from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment Ozonesonde Network Study, the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Data Center, the Global Monitoring Division of the Earth System Research Laboratory, and the Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesonde archives. Approximately 1600 coincidences spanning 72.5°S–80.3°N from October 2004 to October 2006 are found. The TES averaging kernel and constraint are applied to the ozonesonde data to account for the TES measurement sensitivity and vertical resolution. TES sonde differences are examined in six latitude zones after excluding profiles with thick high clouds. Values …

Characterizing Effective Auction Mechanisms: Insights From The 2007 Tac Mechanism Design Competition, Jinzhong Niu, Kai Cai, Simon Parsons, Enrico Gerding, Peter Mcburney

Publications and Research

This paper analyzes the entrants to the 2007 TAC Market Design competition. It presents a classification of the entries to the competition, and uses this classification to compare these entries. The paper also attempts to relate market dynamics to the auction rules adopted by these entries and their adaptive strategies via a set of post-tournament experiments. Based on this analysis, the paper speculates about the design of effective auction mechanisms, both in the setting of this competition and in the more general case.

Jcat: A Platform For The Tac Market Design Competition, Jinzhong Niu, Kai Cai, Simon Parsons, Enrico Gerding, Peter Mcburney, Thierry Moyaux, Steve Phelps, David Shield

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Profiles And Perspectives: Learning Through Descriptive Inquiry At The Cypress Hills Community School, Laura Ascenzi-Moreno, Cecilia M. Espinosa, Sarah Ferholt, Michael Loeb, Berky Lugo-Salcedo, Cecilia Traugh

Publications and Research

This paper describes the work of a collaborative study group on exploring the multiple literacies of students at one school in Brooklyn, NY. Through descriptive review, the group developed knowledge about how to support student language and bilingualism through responsive techniques.

Elisabeth, Alisa Roost

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Children's Gender On Living Arrangements And Child Support, Kristin Mammen

Publications and Research

Previous evidence suggests that the gender composition of a family's children--specifically, the presence of sons--affects a number of parental behaviors, including marriage formation, marriage disruption, and living arrangements. Using the March Current Population Survey from 1988 to 2006, this paper examines whether girls are at a double disadvantage in terms of living in single mother homes, and in the likelihood of receiving child support from absent fathers. The findings show that girls are indeed more likely to live in single mother homes and boys are overrepresented in married parent homes with a father or stepfather, and in single father families. …

Sources On Lesbian Subjectivities For The Production Of Lesbian Of Color Identity Formation Through Literature, Art, Film, Or Documentation: An Annotatated Bibliography, Shawn(Ta) Smith-Cruz

Publications and Research

Historically, coming out as a lesbian and then forming an identity of a "lesbian of color" includes seeking out like voices and stories. Librarians who hold an understanding of the lesbian of color coming out process as well as the fluidity of language in Queer Studies will be better equipped to service lesbian of color patrons. This paper holds three tools for reference librarians: A literature review outlining the history of lesbian of color identity formation, secondly, a bibliography with interdisciplinary humanities reference annotations that source lesbians of color in literature, film, performance art, and identity, and thirdly, a model …

Across The Pond: Ea-Ohp— Sohp Summit Meeting, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jonathan Houdmont

Publications and Research

On March 6, 2008 at the APA/NIOSH/SOHP Conference on Work, Stress, and Health in Washington, DC, the executive committees and other involved members of the Society for Occupational Health Psychology and the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology held a summit meeting. The gathering was the latest in an ongoing series that began at the EA-OHP Dublin 2006 conference. The main discussion points and outcomes of interest to members are presented here.

Reframing High School Dropout As A Public Health Issue [Response To Letters], Nicholas Freudenberg, Jessica Ruglis

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Using A Paradigm Shift To Teach Neurobiology And The Nature Of Science—A C.R.E.A.T.E.-Based Approach, Sally G. Hoskins

Publications and Research

Decades ago, classic experiments established the phenomenon of “neural induction” (Spemann and Mangold, 1924; Holtfreter, 1933). It appeared clear that amphibian ectoderm was pre-programmed to form epidermis, and that the neural phenotype was induced by a chemical signal from mesoderm. The “ectoderm makes skin, unless induced to make nervous system” model appeared in many textbooks. This interpretation, however, was not simply incorrect but 180 degrees out of alignment with the actual situation. As subsequently demonstrated, the default state of amphibian ectoderm is neuronal, and the expression of the epidermal phenotype requires cell signaling (Hemmati-Brivanlou and Melton, 1992; 1994; 1997). In …

From Bulls To Music: Social, Religious, And Economic Aspects Of A Pilgrimage To Nuestra Señora, La Vírgen De Altagracia, Angelina Tallaj

Publications and Research

Every August 10th, about 800,000 pilgrims begin a five-day pilgrimage to the Basilica of the Virgin of Altagracia in Higüey, Dominican Republic. In this paper, I will show some interesting aspects of this pilgrimage’s economy that, while not unique to this pilgrimage, become much more tangible because of the presence of bulls as alms. I will continue, through the study of the music making and ritual, to show the role that music (and especially improvisation) plays in the social and devotional aspects of this pilgrimage. By examining the complex web of assumptions and expressions that contains the acts of music …

The Impact Of Corporate Practices On Health: Implications For Health Policy, Nicholas Freudenberg, Sandro Galea

Publications and Research

Although corporate practices play a substantial role in shaping health and health behavior, public health researchers have rarely systematically studied these practices as a social determinant of health. We consider case studies of three products - trans fat, a food additive and a preservative; Vioxx, a pain killer; and sports utility vehicles - to illustrate the role of corporate policies and practices in the production of health and disease and the implications for health policy. In recent years, public health advocates, researchers, and lawyers have used strategies to reduce the adverse health impact of corporate practices. Systematic analysis of these …

The Impact Of Emerging Technologies In The Workplace: Who's Watching The Man (Who's Watching Me)?, William A. Herbert, Amelia Tuminaro

Publications and Research

This 2008 law review article examines the state of the law and regulation concerning the introduction of then new technologies in the workplace to track and monitor workers.

A Wavelet-Based Method For Overcoming The Gibbs Phenomenon, Nataniel Greene

Publications and Research

The Gibbs phenomenon refers to the lack of uniform convergence which occurs in many orthogonal basis approximations to piecewise smooth functions. This lack of uniform convergence manifests itself in spurious oscillations near the points of discontinuity and a low order of convergence away from the discontinuities. Here we describe a numerical procedure for overcoming the Gibbs phenomenon called the inverse wavelet reconstruction method. The method takes the Fourier coefficients of an oscillatory partial sum and uses them to construct the wavelet coefficients of a non-oscillatory wavelet series.

Race, Crime And Justice: A Fresh Look At Old Questions. Keynote Address At The New York City Bar Association/2008 Orison S. Marden Lecture On March 19, 2008 In New York, Ny., Jeremy Travis

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Africana Studies And Research Methodology: Revisiting The Centrality Of The Afrikan Worldview In Africana Studies Research And Scholarship, Karanja Keita Carroll

Publications and Research

This essay engages questions of methodology and philosophical assumptions as they impinge upon discipline-specific scholarship in Africana Studies and ultimately on arguments in Africology. Through an investigation of the worldview concept as discussed within the scholarship of Vernon Dixon, the Afrikan/Black psychologists and other Afrikan-centered scholars this essay attempts to reorient this discussion to questions which are pertinent to the development and utilization of the Afrikan Worldview as a research methodology in Africana Studies. We conclude with the possible implications this analysis can have on Africana Studies and Africological scholarship.

Changing Corporate Practices To Reduce Cancer Disparities, Nicholas Freudenberg, Sandro Galea, Marianne Fahs

Publications and Research

While reducing racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in cancer mortality has been identified as a national goal, current policies are unlikely to achieve it. In order to advance the development of policies for the primary prevention of cancer and cancer disparities, we propose that the practices of the tobacco, alcohol, and food industries be considered as modifiable social determinants of health. We review evidence that the practices of these industries in product design, marketing, retail distribution, and pricing contribute to cancer risk behavior, incidence, and disparities, then examine public health strategies designed to reduce health-damaging practices of these industries and encourage …

Childhood Obesity Predicts Adult Metabolic Syndrome: The Fels Longitudinal Study, Shumei S. Sun, Ruohong Liang, Terry T-K Huang, Stephen R. Daniels, Silva Arslanian, Kiang Liu, Gilman D. Grave, Roger M. Siervogel

Publications and Research

Objectives—To determine the age of significant divergence in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in adults with and without the metabolic syndrome, and to provide age- and sexspecific childhood values that predict adult metabolic syndrome.

Study design—Part 1 of this study is a retrospective cohort study of 92 men and 59 women (mean age, 51 years) who had metabolic syndrome and 154 randomly selected adults matched for age and sex who did not have the syndrome. Part 2 is a study of predictive accuracy in a validation sample of 743 participants.

Results—The first appearance of differences …

Depression In Parkinson's Disease: Health Risks, Etiology, And Treatment Options, Pasquale G. Frisina, Joan C. Borod, Nancy S. Foldi, Harriet R. Tenenbaum

Publications and Research

Depression is found in about 30%-40% of all patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but only a small percentage (about 20%) receive treatment. As a consequence, many PD patients suffer with reduced health-related quality of life. To address quality of life in depressed PD patients, we reviewed the literature on the health correlates of depression in PD (eg, cognitive function), etiology of depression in PD, and treatment options (ie, antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy, and psychotherapy). The current review is unique in its focus on psychosocial aspects, as well as neuropathological factors, of depression in PD. Overall, we conclude that neurochemical (eg, serotonin) …

Concourse Dreams: A Bronx Neighborhood And Its Future, William A. Casari

Publications and Research

This master's thesis focuses on the West Bronx recent past and illustrates what upward mobility meant for the Grand Concourse neighborhood populated with second generation immigrant groups at the beginning of the 20th century, including Jewish, Italian and Irish people. Later, most of the same area became a slum at the hands of city planners, New York City administration, and negative media portrayals. Race and ethnicity became even more talked about when non-white immigrants and migrants began moving to the Grand Concourse in huge numbers after World War Two.Through a celebrated Bronx past before 1950 and eventually the sensational media …

Diverse Antidepressants Increase Cdp-Diacylglycerol Production And Phosphatidylinositide Resynthesis In Depression-Relevant Regions Of The Rat Brain, Kimberly R. Tyeryar, Ashiwel S. Undieh, Habiba Ou Vongtau

Publications and Research

Background: Major depression is a serious mood disorder affecting millions of adults and children worldwide. While the etiopathology of depression remains obscure, antidepressant medications increase synaptic levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in brain regions associated with the disease. Monoamine transmitters activate multiple signaling cascades some of which have been investigated as potential mediators of depression or antidepressant drug action. However, the diacylglycerol arm of phosphoinositide signaling cascades has not been systematically investigated, even though downstream targets of this cascade have been implicated in depression. With the ultimate goal of uncovering the primary postsynaptic actions that may initiate cellular antidepressive signaling, we …

Resuscitating Proportionality In Non Capital Criminal Sentencing, Donna H. Lee

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Judicial Evasion And Disingenuous Legislative Appeals To Science In The Abortion Controversy, Caitlin Borgmann

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Resuscitating Proportionality In Noncapital Criminal Sentencing, Donna Lee

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Nicholas Freudenberg: A Selected Bibliography To Accompany A Conversation On Health Law, Julie Graves Krishnaswami

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Gender Violence And Work: Reckoning With The Boundaries Of Sex Discrimination Law, Julie Goldscheid

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Servant Of One's Own: The Continuing Class Struggle In Feminist Legal Theories And Practices, Ruthann Robson

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Traditional Advocacy For Nontraditional Youth: Rethinking Best Interest For The Queer Child, Sarah Valentine

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.