Digital Commons Network^™

Implementation Of Wearable Sensing Technology For Movement: Pushing Forward Into The Routine Physical Rehabilitation Care Field, Catherine E Lang, Jessica Barth, Carey L Holleran, Jeff D Konrad, Marghuretta D Bland

Open Access Publications

While the promise of wearable sensor technology to transform physical rehabilitation has been around for a number of years, the reality is that wearable sensor technology for the measurement of human movement has remained largely confined to rehabilitation research labs with limited ventures into clinical practice. The purposes of this paper are to: (1) discuss the major barriers in clinical practice and available wearable sensing technology; (2) propose benchmarks for wearable device systems that would make it feasible to implement them in clinical practice across the world and (3) evaluate a current wearable device system against the benchmarks as an …

The Effect Of Smoking During Pregnancy On Severity And Directionality Of Externalizing And Internalizing Symptoms: A Genetically Informed Approach, Mikael O Ekblad, Kristine Marceau, Emily Rolan, Rohan H C Palmer, Alexandre Todorov, Andrew C Heath, Valerie S Knopik

Open Access Publications

The objective was to examine the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy (SDP) and (I) severity and (II) directionality of externalizing and internalizing symptoms in a sample of sibling pairs while rigorously controlling for familial confounds. The Missouri Mothers and Their Children Study is a family study (N = 173 families) with sibling pairs (aged 7 to 16 years) who are discordant for exposure to SDP. This sibling comparison study is designed to disentangle the effects of SDP from familial confounds. An SDP severity score was created for each child using a combination of SDP indicators (timing, duration, and amount). …

Relations Between Sensory Responsiveness And Features Of Autism In Children, Jacob I Feldman, Margaret Cassidy, Yupeng Liu, Anne V Kirby, Mark T Wallace, Tiffany G Woynaroski

Open Access Publications

Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition defined by differences in social communication and by the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities (RRBs). Individuals with autism also commonly present with atypical patterns of sensory responsiveness (i.e., hyporesponsiveness, hyperresponsiveness, and sensory seeking), which are theorized to produce cascading effects across other domains of development. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in sensory responsiveness in children with and without autism (ages 8-18 years), as well as relations between patterns of sensory responsiveness and core and related features of autism. Participants were 50 children with autism and …

Change In Age At Diagnosis Of Oropharyngeal Cancer In The United States, 1975-2016, Brittany J Cline, Matthew C Simpson, Matthew Gropler, Aleksandr R Bukatko, Eric Adjei Boakye, Kahee A Mohammed, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters

Open Access Publications

The emergence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) as the primary etiology of oropharyngeal cancer has changed head and neck cancer (HNC) epidemiology. This study described change in the age at diagnosis of oropharyngeal and non-oropharyngeal HNC in the United States in the last four decades. Using a retrospective cohort analysis, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset from 1975 to 2016 was queried for eligible adult cases of HNC, grouped as oropharyngeal (

A Smartphone-Based Technique To Detect Dynamic User Preferences For Tailoring Behavioral Interventions: Observational Utility Study Of Ecological Daily Needs Assessment, Ginger E Nicol, Amanda R Ricchio, Christopher L Metts, Michael D Yingling, Alex T Ramsey, Julia A Schweiger, J Philip Miller, Eric J Lenze

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Mobile health apps are promising vehicles for delivering scalable health behavior change interventions to populations that are otherwise difficult to reach and engage, such as young adults with psychiatric conditions. To improve uptake and sustain consumer engagement, mobile health interventions need to be responsive to individuals' needs and preferences, which may change over time. We previously created an ecological daily needs assessment to capture microprocesses influencing user needs and preferences for mobile health treatment adaptation.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to test the utility of a needs assessment anchored within a mobile app to capture individualized, contextually …

Effects Of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation And Levodopa On Balance In People With Parkinson's Disease: A Cross Sectional Study, David S May, Linda R Van Dillen, Gammon M Earhart, Kerri S Rawson, Joel S Perlmutter, Ryan P Duncan

Open Access Publications

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) and levodopa are common treatment strategies for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the specific effects of these treatment strategies on balance and its components remain unclear. This cross-sectional study of people with PD and STN-DBS compared balance in the treated state (ON-medication/ON-stimulation) and untreated state (OFF-medication/OFF-stimulation) using the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest). Total BESTest scores from the treated and untreated states were compared to assess overall balance. Scores for the six sections of the BESTest were further compared to assess differences in specific components of balance between treatment conditions. Twenty-nine participants were included (Male: …

Depression And Nicotine Withdrawal Associations With Combustible And Electronic Cigarette Use, Michele L Pergadia, John W Newcomer, David G Gilbert

Open Access Publications

Depression is a risk factor for nicotine use and withdrawal. Population level epidemiologic studies that include users of either combustible or electronic cigarette (NICUSER) could inform interventions to reduce nicotine dependence in vulnerable populations. The current study examined the relationship between depression diagnosis (DEPDX), NICUSER, and lifetime rates of DSM-V nicotine withdrawal (NW) symptoms in a nationally representative sample of US adults (

Pd-L1 Blockade In Combination With Inhibition Of Mapk Oncogenic Signaling In Patients With Advanced Melanoma, Antoni Ribas, Alain Algazi, Paolo A. Ascierto, Marcus O. Butler, Sunandana Chandra, Michael Gordon, Leonel Hernandez-Aya, Donald Lawrence, Jose Lutzky, Wilson H. Miller Jr., Katie M. Campbell, Bruno Delafont, Shannon Marshall, Nancy Mueller, Caroline Robert

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Lymphatic Drainage From Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue In Tolerant Lung Allografts Promotes Peripheral Tolerance, Wenjun Li, Jason M Gauthier, Alice Y Tong, Yuriko Terada, Ryuji Higashikubo, Christian C Frye, Margaret S Harrison, Kohei Hashimoto, Amit I Bery, Jon H Ritter, Ruben G Nava, Varun Puri, Brian W Wong, Kory J Lavine, Ankit Bharat, Alexander S Krupnick, Andrew E Gelman, Daniel Kreisel

Open Access Publications

Tertiary lymphoid organs are aggregates of immune and stromal cells including high endothelial venules and lymphatic vessels that resemble secondary lymphoid organs and can be induced at nonlymphoid sites during inflammation. The function of lymphatic vessels within tertiary lymphoid organs remains poorly understood. During lung transplant tolerance, Foxp3+ cells accumulate in tertiary lymphoid organs that are induced within the pulmonary grafts and are critical for the local downregulation of alloimmune responses. Here, we showed that tolerant lung allografts could induce and maintain tolerance of heterotopic donor-matched hearts through pathways that were dependent on the continued presence of the transplanted lung. …

Histone H3.3 Beyond Cancer: Germline Mutations In Histone 3 Family 3a And 3b Cause A Previously Unidentified Neurodegenerative Disorder In 46 Patients, Laura Bryant, Marcia C Willing, Linda Manwaring, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Although somatic mutations in Histone 3.3 (H3.3) are well-studied drivers of oncogenesis, the role of germline mutations remains unreported. We analyze 46 patients bearing de novo germline mutations in histone 3 family 3A (

Dmpfc-Vlpag Projection Neurons Contribute To Pain Threshold Maintenance And Antianxiety Behaviors, Jun-Bin Yin, Yang Bai, Yi Sun, Zhen-Yu Wu, Hui Li, Zhou-Feng Chen, Et Al

Open Access Publications

The dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) has been recognized as a key cortical area for nociceptive modulation. However, the underlying neural pathway and the function of specific cell types remain largely unclear. Here, we show that lesions in the dmPFC induced an algesic and anxious state. Using multiple tracing methods including a rabies-based transsynaptic tracing method, we outlined an excitatory descending neural pathway from the dmPFC to the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). Specific activation of the dmPFC/vlPAG neural pathway by optogenetic manipulation produced analgesic and antianxiety effects in a mouse model of chronic pain. Inhibitory neurons in the dmPFC were …

A Matricellular Protein Fibulin-4 Is Essential For The Activation Of Lysyl Oxidase, Kazuo Noda, Kaori Kitagawa, Takao Miki, Masahito Horiguchi, Tomoya O Akama, Takako Taniguchi, Hisaaki Taniguchi, Kazuaki Takahashi, Yasumitsu Ogra, Robert P Mecham, Masahiko Terajima, Mitsuo Yamauchi, Tomoyuki Nakamura

Open Access Publications

Fibulin-4 is a matricellular protein required for extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly. Mice deficient in fibulin-4 (

Distinct Inflammatory Profiles Distinguish Covid-19 From Influenza With Limited Contributions From Cytokine Storm, Philip A Mudd, Jackson S Turner, Daniel Reynolds, Diane Bender, Adrianus C M Boon, Stacey L House, Kenneth E Remy, Richard S Hotchkiss, Rachel M Presti, Jane A O'Halloran, William G Powderly, Ali H Ellebedy, Et Al

Open Access Publications

We pursued a study of immune responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza patients. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited largely equivalent lymphocyte counts, fewer monocytes, and lower surface human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class II expression on selected monocyte populations. Furthermore, decreased HLA-DR on intermediate monocytes predicted severe COVID-19 disease. In contrast to prevailing assumptions, very few (7 of 168) patients with COVID-19 exhibited cytokine profiles indicative of cytokine storm syndrome. After controlling for multiple factors including age and sample time point, patients with COVID-19 exhibited lower cytokine levels than patients with influenza. Up-regulation of IL-6, G-CSF, …

Adolescent Alcohol, Nuts, And Fiber: Combined Effects On Benign Breast Disease Risk In Young Women, Catherine S. Berkey, Rulla M. Tamimi, Walter C. Willett, Bernard Rosner, Martha Hickey, Adetunji T. Toriola, A. Lindsay Frazier, Graham A. Colditz

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Integration Of The Drug-Gene Interaction Database (Dgidb 4.0) With Open Crowdsource Efforts, Sharon L. Freshour, Susanna Kiwala, Kelsy C. Cotto, Adam C. Coffman, Joshua F. Mcmichael, Jonathan J. Song, Malachi Griffith, Obi L. Griffith, Alex H. Wagner

Open Access Publications

The Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb, www.dgidb.org) is a web resource that provides information on drug-gene interactions and druggable genes from publications, databases, and other web-based sources. Drug, gene, and interaction data are normalized and merged into conceptual groups. The information contained in this resource is available to users through a straightforward search interface, an application programming interface (API), and TSV data downloads. DGIdb 4.0 is the latest major version release of this database. A primary focus of this update was integration with crowdsourced efforts, leveraging the Drug Target Commons for community-contributed interaction data, Wikidata to facilitate term normalization, and export …

Decreased Adipose Tissue Oxygenation Associates With Insulin Resistance In Individuals With Obesity, Vincenza Cifarelli, Scott C Beeman, Gordon I Smith, Jun Yoshino, Darya Morozov, Joseph W Beals, Brandon D Kayser, Jeramie D Watrous, Mohit Jain, Bruce W Patterson, Samuel Klein

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDData from studies conducted in rodent models have shown that decreased adipose tissue (AT) oxygenation is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Here, we evaluated the potential influence of AT oxygenation on AT biology and insulin sensitivity in people.METHODSWe evaluated subcutaneous AT oxygen partial pressure (pO2); liver and whole-body insulin sensitivity; AT expression of genes and pathways involved in inflammation, fibrosis, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism; systemic markers of inflammation; and plasma BCAA concentrations, in 3 groups of participants that were rigorously stratified by adiposity and insulin sensitivity: metabolically healthy lean (MHL; n = 11), metabolically healthy …

Comparing Cortical Signatures Of Atrophy Between Late-Onset And Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease, Aylin Dincer, Brian A Gordon, Sarah J Keefe, Shaney Flores, Nicole S Mckay, Angela M Paulick, Rebecca L Feldman, Russ C Hornbeck, Beau M Ances, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Celeste M Karch, Eric M Mcdade, Richard J Perrin, Cyrus Raji, Qing Wang, Chengjie Xiong, John C Morris, Randall J Bateman, Tammie L S Benzinger, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Defining a signature of cortical regions of interest preferentially affected by Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology may offer improved sensitivity to early AD compared to hippocampal volume or mesial temporal lobe alone. Since late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) participants tend to have age-related comorbidities, the younger-onset age in autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) may provide a more idealized model of cortical thinning in AD. To test this, the goals of this study were to compare the degree of overlap between the ADAD and LOAD cortical thinning maps and to evaluate the ability of the ADAD cortical signature regions to predict early pathological changes …

Pathophysiological Consequences Of Katp Channel Overactivity And Pharmacological Response To Glibenclamide In Skeletal Muscle Of A Murine Model Of Cantù Syndrome, Rosa Scala, Fatima Maqoud, Nicola Zizzo, Antonietta Mele, Giulia Maria Camerino, Francesco Alfredo Zito, Girolamo Ranieri, Conor Mcclenaghan, Theresa M Harter, Colin G Nichols, Domenico Tricarico

Open Access Publications

Cantù syndrome (CS) arises from mutations in

Exploring Differences In The Role Of Hospitalization On Weight Gain Based On Treatment Type From Randomized Clinical Trials For Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa, Nandini Datta, Brittany E Matheson, Daniel Le Grange, Harry A Brandt, Blake Woodside, Katherine A Halmi, Denise E Wilfley, James D Lock

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Mycena Genomes Resolve The Evolution Of Fungal Bioluminescence, Huei-Mien Ke, Rita Jui-Hsien Lu, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Deep Brain Stimulation Of The Subthalamic Nucleus Modulates Reward-Related Behavior: A Systematic Review, Yvan M Vachez, Meaghan C Creed

Open Access Publications

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of movement disorders including Parkinson's Disease (PD). Despite its therapeutic benefits, STN-DBS has been associated with adverse effects on mood and cognition. Specifically, apathy, which is defined as a loss of motivation, has been reported to emerge or to worsen following STN-DBS. However, it is often challenging to disentangle the effects of STN-DBS

Documenting Social Media Engagement As Scholarship: A New Model For Assessing Academic Accomplishment For The Health Professions, Kimberly D Acquaviva, Rakhee K Bhayani, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The traditional model of promotion and tenure in the health professions relies heavily on formal scholarship through teaching, research, and service. Institutions consider how much weight to give activities in each of these areas and determine a threshold for advancement. With the emergence of social media, scholars can engage wider audiences in creative ways and have a broader impact. Conventional metrics like the h-index do not account for social media impact. Social media engagement is poorly represented in most curricula vitae (CV) and therefore is undervalued in promotion and tenure reviews.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to develop crowdsourced guidelines …

Comparison Of Smartphone Photography, Single-Lens Reflex Photography, And Field-Grading For Trachoma, John M Nesemann, Michael I Seider, Blake M Snyder, Robi N Maamari, Daniel A Fletcher, Berhan A Haile, Zerihun Tadesse, Nicole E Varnado, Sun Y Cotter, Elizabeth Kelly Callahan, Paul M Emerson, Todd P Margolis, Thomas M Lietman, Jeremy D Keenan

Open Access Publications

Conjunctival examination for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) guides public health decisions for trachoma. Smartphone cameras may allow remote conjunctival grading, but previous studies have found low sensitivity. A random sample of 412 children aged 1-9 years received an in-person conjunctival examination and then had conjunctival photographs taken with 1) a single-lens reflex (SLR) camera and 2) a smartphone coupled to a 3D-printed magnifying attachment. Three masked graders assessed the conjunctival photographs for TF. Latent class analysis was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of each grading method for TF. Single-lens reflex photo-grading was 95.0% sensitive and 93.6% specific, and smartphone …

Selecting The "Touched Vertebra" As The Lowest Instrumented Vertebra In Patients With Lenke Type-1 And 2 Curves: Radiographic Results After A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up, Eduardo C Beauchamp, Lawrence G Lenke, Meghan Cerpa, Peter O Newton, Michael P Kelly, Kathy M Blanke, Harms Study Group Investigators

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The selection of the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is still controversial. Although multiple radiographic methods have been proposed, there is no universally accepted guideline for appropriate selection of the LIV. We developed a simple and reproducible method for selection of the LIV in patients with Lenke type-1 (main thoracic) and 2 (double thoracic) curves and investigated its effectiveness in producing optimal positioning of the LIV at 5 years of follow-up.

METHODS: The radiographs for 299 patients with Lenke type-1 or 2 AIS curves that were included in a multicenter database were evaluated …

Filmless Quality Assurance Of A Leksell Gamma Knife® Icon™, Borna Maraghechi, Taeho Kim, Timothy J Mitchell, S Murty Goddu, Joe Dise, James A Kavanaugh, Jacqueline E Zoberi, Sasa Mutic, Nels C Knutson

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: The annual quality assurance (QA) of Leksell Gamma Knife

METHODS: Annual QA tests for a LGK Icon™ system were performed using both film-based and filmless techniques. Output calibration, relative output factors (ROF), radiation profiles, sector uniformity/source counting, and verification of the unit center point (UCP) and radiation focal point (RFP) coincidence tests were performed. Radiochromic films, two ionization chambers, and a synthetic diamond detector were used for the measurements. Results were compared and verified with the treatment planning system (TPS).

RESULTS: The measured dose rate of the LGK Icon was within 0.4% of the TPS value set at the …

Mass Cytometry Detects H3.3k27m-Specific Vaccine Responses In Diffuse Midline Glioma, Sabine Mueller, Karen Gauvain, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDPatients with diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), have dismal outcomes. We previously described the H3.3K27M mutation as a shared neoantigen in HLA-A*02.01+, H3.3K27M+ DMGs. Within the Pacific Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Consortium, we assessed the safety and efficacy of an H3.3K27M-targeted peptide vaccine.METHODSNewly diagnosed patients, aged 3-21 years, with HLA-A*02.01+ and H3.3K27M+ status were enrolled in stratum A (DIPG) or stratum B (nonpontine DMG). Vaccine was administered in combination with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-poly-I-lysine carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC) every 3 weeks for 8 cycles, followed by once every 6 weeks. Immunomonitoring and imaging were performed every 3 months. Imaging was centrally …

Microstructural And Mechanical Properties Of Grafts Commonly Used For Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Ryan M Castile, Matthew J Jenkins, Spencer P Lake, Robert H Brophy

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament are common, and often are treated with reconstruction. Limited quantitative data are available describing material properties of grafts used for reconstructions such as the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), hamstring tendon (HS), and quadriceps tendon (QT). The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare microstructural and mechanical properties of BPTB, HS, and QT grafts.

METHODS: Forty specimens (13 BPTB, 13 HS, and 14 QT grafts) from 24 donors were used. Specimens were subjected to preconditioning, stress relaxation, and ramp to failure. Mechanical parameters were calculated for each sample, and …

Clinical Experience Of Mri4d Quasar Motion Phantom For Latency Measurements In 0.35t Mr‐Linac, Taeho Kim, Benjamin Lewis, Rajiv Lotey, Enzo Barberi, Olga Green

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: In MRgRT, accuracy of treatment depends on the gating latency, when real-time targeting and gating is enabled. Gating latency is dependent on image acquisition, processing time, accuracy, efficacy of target tracking algorithms, and radiation beam delivery latency. In this report, clinical experience of the MRI

MATERIALS/METHODS: Beam-control latency was measured on a 0.35-T MR-LINAC system with four target tracking algorithms and two real-time cine imaging sequences [four and eight frames per second (FPS)]. Using an MR-compatible motion phantom, the delays between phantom beam triggering signal and linac radiation beam control signal were evaluated for three motion periods with a …

A 2020 View Of Tension-Based Cortical Morphogenesis, David C. Van Essen

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Calmodulin Acts As A State-Dependent Switch To Control A Cardiac Potassium Channel Opening, Po Wei Kang, Annie M Westerlund, Jingyi Shi, Kelli Mcfarland White, Alex K Dou, Amy H Cui, Jonathan R Silva, Lucie Delemotte, Jianmin Cui

Open Access Publications

Calmodulin (CaM) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP