Digital Commons Network^™

Hif1Α Is Required For Nk Cell Metabolic Adaptation During Virus Infection, Francisco Victorino, Tarin M. Bigley, Eugene Park, Cong-Hui Yao, Jeanne Benoit, Li-Ping Yang, Sytse J. Piersma, Elvin J. Lauron, Rebecca M. Davidson, Gary J. Patti, Wayne M. Yokoyama

Open Access Publications

Natural killer (NK) cells are essential for early protection against virus infection and must metabolically adapt to the energy demands of activation. Here, we found upregulation of the metabolic adaptor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) is a feature of mouse NK cells during murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in vivo. HIF1α-deficient NK cells failed to control viral load, causing increased morbidity. No defects were found in effector functions of HIF1αKO NK cells; however, their numbers were significantly reduced. Loss of HIF1α did not affect NK cell proliferation during in vivo infection and in vitro cytokine stimulation. Instead, we found that HIF1α-deficient NK cells …

Dynamically Linking Influenza Virus Infection Kinetics, Lung Injury, Inflammation, And Disease Severity, Margaret A. Myers, Amanda P. Smith, Lindey C. Lane, David J. Moquin, Rosemary Aogo, Stacie Woolard, Paul Thomas, Peter Vogel, Amber M. Smith

Open Access Publications

Influenza viruses cause a significant amount of morbidity and mortality. Understanding host immune control efficacy and how different factors influence lung injury and disease severity are critical. We established and validated dynamical connections between viral loads, infected cells, CD8

Multicenter Analysis Of Geriatric Fitness And Real-World Outcomes In Older Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, Victor M. Orellana-Noia, Mary-Kate Malecek, Nancy L. Bartlett, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Contemporary Clinical Isolates Of Staphylococcus Aureus From Pediatric Osteomyelitis Patients Display Unique Characteristics In A Mouse Model Of Hematogenous Osteomyelitis, Philip M. Roper, Kara R. Eichelberger, Linda Cox, Luke O'Connor, Christine Shao, Caleb A. Ford, Stephanie A. Fritz, James E. Cassat, Deborah J. Veis

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Cognitive Dysfunction After Analgesia And Sedation: Out Of The Operating Room And Into The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ashley D Turner, Travis Sullivan, Kurt Drury, Trevor A Hall, Cydni N Williams, Kristin P Guilliams, Sarah Murphy, A M Iqbal O'Meara

Open Access Publications

In the midst of concerns for potential neurodevelopmental effects after surgical anesthesia, there is a growing awareness that children who require sedation during critical illness are susceptible to neurologic dysfunctions collectively termed pediatric post-intensive care syndrome, or PICS-p. In contrast to healthy children undergoing elective surgery, critically ill children are subject to inordinate neurologic stress or injury and need to be considered separately. Despite recognition of PICS-p, inconsistency in techniques and timing of post-discharge assessments continues to be a significant barrier to understanding the specific role of sedation in later cognitive dysfunction. Nonetheless, available pediatric studies that account for analgesia …

Decoding Neural Activity In Sulcal And White Matter Areas Of The Brain To Accurately Predict Individual Finger Movement And Tactile Stimuli Of The Human Hand, Chad Bouton, Nikunj Bhagat, Santosh Chandrasekaran, Jose Herrero, Noah Markowitz, Elizabeth Espinal, Joo-Won Kim, Richard Ramdeo, Junqian Xu, Matthew F Glasser, Stephan Bickel, Ashesh Mehta

Open Access Publications

Millions of people worldwide suffer motor or sensory impairment due to stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, diabetes, and motor neuron diseases such as ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). A brain-computer interface (BCI), which links the brain directly to a computer, offers a new way to study the brain and potentially restore impairments in patients living with these debilitating conditions. One of the challenges currently facing BCI technology, however, is to minimize surgical risk while maintaining efficacy. Minimally invasive techniques, such as stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) have become more widely used in clinical applications in epilepsy patients since they can …

Molecular Characterization Of Microbiota In Cerebrospinal Fluid From Patients With Csf Shunt Infections Using Whole Genome Amplification Followed By Shotgun Sequencing, Paul Hodor, Christopher E Pope, Kathryn B Whitlock, Lucas R Hoffman, David L Limbrick, Patrick J Mcdonald, Jason S Hauptman, Jeffrey G Ojemann, Tamara D Simon

Open Access Publications

Understanding the etiology of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt infections and reinfections requires detailed characterization of associated microorganisms. Traditionally, identification of bacteria present in the CSF has relied on culture methods, but recent studies have used high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Here we evaluated the method of shotgun DNA sequencing for its potential to provide additional genomic information. CSF samples were collected from 3 patients near the beginning and end of each of 2 infection episodes. Extracted total DNA was sequenced by: (1) whole genome amplification followed by shotgun sequencing (WGA) and (2) high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA …

Approaches For Ending Ineffective Programs: Strategies From State Public Health Practitioners, Emily Rodriguez Weno, Peg Allen, Stephanie Mazzucca, Louise Farah Saliba, Margaret Padek, Sarah Moreland-Russell, Ross C Brownson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Using Optical Coherence Tomography And Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging To Quantify Coronary Plaque Cap Stress/Strain And Progression: A Follow-Up Study Using 3d Thin-Layer Models, Rui Lv, Akiko Maehara, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Liang Wang, Caining Zhang, Mengde Huang, Xiaoya Guo, Habib Samady, Don P Giddens, Jie Zheng, Gary S Mintz, Dalin Tang

Open Access Publications

Accurate plaque cap thickness quantification and cap stress/strain calculations are of fundamental importance for vulnerable plaque research. To overcome uncertainties due to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) resolution limitation, IVUS and optical coherence tomography (OCT) coronary plaque image data were combined together to obtain accurate and reliable cap thickness data, stress/strain calculations, and reliable plaque progression predictions. IVUS, OCT, and angiography baseline and follow-up data were collected from nine patients (mean age: 69; m: 5) at Cardiovascular Research Foundation with informed consent obtained. IVUS and OCT slices were coregistered and merged to form IVUS + OCT (IO) slices. A total of 114 …

Centering Inclusivity In The Design Of Online Conferences-An Ohbm-Open Science Perspective, Elizabeth Levitis, Janine D. Bijsterbosch, Et Al

Open Access Publications

As the global health crisis unfolded, many academic conferences moved online in 2020. This move has been hailed as a positive step towards inclusivity in its attenuation of economic, physical, and legal barriers and effectively enabled many individuals from groups that have traditionally been underrepresented to join and participate. A number of studies have outlined how moving online made it possible to gather a more global community and has increased opportunities for individuals with various constraints, e.g., caregiving responsibilities. Yet, the mere existence of online conferences is no guarantee that everyone can attend and participate meaningfully. In fact, many elements …

Identification Of Genes Encoding Antimicrobial Proteins In Langerhans Cells, Aislyn Oulee, Feiyang Ma, Rosane M B Teles, Bruno J De Andrade Silva, Matteo Pellegrini, Eynav Klechevsky, Andrew N Harman, Jake W Rhodes, Robert L Modlin

Open Access Publications

Langerhans cells (LCs) reside in the epidermis where they are poised to mount an antimicrobial response against microbial pathogens invading from the outside environment. To elucidate potential pathways by which LCs contribute to host defense, we mined published LC transcriptomes deposited in GEO and the scientific literature for genes that participate in antimicrobial responses. Overall, we identified 31 genes in LCs that encode proteins that contribute to antimicrobial activity, ten of which were cross-validated in at least two separate experiments. Seven of these ten antimicrobial genes encode chemokines,

Genomic Characterization And Therapeutic Targeting Of Hpv Undetected Cervical Carcinomas, Fiona J Ruiz, Aishwarya Sundaresan, Jin Zhang, Chandra S Pedamallu, Mari K Halle, Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra, Jianqing Zhang, Naoshad Muhammad, Jennifer Stanley, Stephanie Markovina, Hemant K Tiwari, Perry W Grigsby, Camilla Krakstad, Julie K Schwarz, Akinyemi I Ojesina

Open Access Publications

Cervical cancer tumors with undetectable HPV (HPV

Pitch And Rhythm Perception And Verbal Short-Term Memory In Acute Traumatic Brain Injury, Kirsten S Anderson, Nathalie Gosselin, Abbas F Sadikot, Maude Laguë-Beauvais, Esther S H Kang, Alexandra E Fogarty, Judith Marcoux, Jehane Dagher, Elaine De Guise

Open Access Publications

Music perception deficits are common following acquired brain injury due to stroke, epilepsy surgeries, and aneurysmal clipping. Few studies have examined these deficits following traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting in an under-diagnosis in this population. We aimed to (1) compare TBI patients to controls on pitch and rhythm perception during the acute phase; (2) determine whether pitch and rhythm perception disorders co-occur; (3) examine lateralization of injury in the context of pitch and rhythm perception; and (4) determine the relationship between verbal short-term memory (STM) and pitch and rhythm perception. Music perception was examined using the Scale and Rhythm tests …

Development And Genetics Of Red Coloration In The Zebrafish Relative Danio Albolineatus, Delai Huang, Victor M. Lewis, Tarah N. Foster, Matthew B. Toomey, Joseph C. Corbo, David M. Parichy

Open Access Publications

Animal pigment patterns play important roles in behavior and, in many species, red coloration serves as an honest signal of individual quality in mate choice. Among

A Bone-Specific Adipogenesis Pathway In Fat-Free Mice Defines Key Origins And Adaptations Of Bone Marrow Adipocytes With Age And Disease, Xiao Zhang, Hero Robles, Kristann L. Magee, Madelyn R. Lorenz, Zhaohua Wang, Charles A. Harris, Clarissa S. Craft, Erica L. Scheller

Open Access Publications

Bone marrow adipocytes accumulate with age and in diverse disease states. However, their origins and adaptations in these conditions remain unclear, impairing our understanding of their context-specific endocrine functions and relationship with surrounding tissues. In this study, by analyzing bone and adipose tissues in the lipodystrophic 'fat-free' mouse, we define a novel, secondary adipogenesis pathway that relies on the recruitment of adiponectin-negative stromal progenitors. This pathway is unique to the bone marrow and is activated with age and in states of metabolic stress in the fat-free mouse model, resulting in the expansion of bone marrow adipocytes specialized for lipid storage …

Planning And Delivery Of Intensity Modulated Bolus Electron Conformal Therapy, Elizabeth N Hilliard, Robert L Carver, Erin L Chambers, James A Kavanaugh, Kevin J Erhart, Andrew S Mcguffey, Kenneth R Hogstrom

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: Bolus electron conformal therapy (BECT) is a clinically useful, well-documented, and available technology. The addition of intensity modulation (IM) to BECT reduces volumes of high dose and dose spread in the planning target volume (PTV). This paper demonstrates new techniques for a process that should be suitable for planning and delivering IM-BECT using passive radiotherapy intensity modulation for electrons (PRIME) devices.

METHODS: The IM-BECT planning and delivery process is an addition to the BECT process that includes intensity modulator design, fabrication, and quality assurance. The intensity modulator (PRIME device) is a hexagonal matrix of small island blocks (tungsten pins …

Biological Resurfacing In A Canine Model Of Hip Osteoarthritis, Bradley T Estes, Masataka Enomoto, Franklin T Moutos, Megan A Carson, Jeffrey M Toth, Peter Eggert, Jonathan Stallrich, Vincent P Willard, Deborah J Veis, Dianne Little, Farshid Guilak, B Duncan X Lascelles

Open Access Publications

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Parrot Is A Flexible Recurrent Neural Network Framework For Analysis Of Large Protein Datasets, Daniel Griffith, Alex S. Holehouse

Open Access Publications

The rise of high-throughput experiments has transformed how scientists approach biological questions. The ubiquity of large-scale assays that can test thousands of samples in a day has necessitated the development of new computational approaches to interpret this data. Among these tools, machine learning approaches are increasingly being utilized due to their ability to infer complex nonlinear patterns from high-dimensional data. Despite their effectiveness, machine learning (and in particular deep learning) approaches are not always accessible or easy to implement for those with limited computational expertise. Here we present PARROT, a general framework for training and applying deep learning-based predictors on …

Maternal Fructose Diet-Induced Developmental Programming, Michael D Thompson, Brian J Debosch

Open Access Publications

Developmental programming of chronic diseases by perinatal exposures/events is the basic tenet of the developmental origins hypothesis of adult disease (DOHaD). With consumption of fructose becoming more common in the diet, the effect of fructose exposure during pregnancy and lactation is of increasing relevance. Human studies have identified a clear effect of fructose consumption on maternal health, but little is known of the direct or indirect effects on offspring. Animal models have been utilized to evaluate this concept and an association between maternal fructose and offspring chronic disease, including hypertension and metabolic syndrome. This review will address the mechanisms of …

Intent To Vaccinate Sars-Cov-2 Infected Children In Us Households: A Survey, Mehgan Teherani, Samridhi Banskota, Andres Camacho-Gonzalez, Alison G C Smith, Evan J Anderson, Carol M Kao, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Andi L Shane, Austin Lu, Preeti Jaggi

Open Access Publications

A paucity of data exists evaluating a guardian's intent to vaccinate their child against COVID-19 in the United States. We administered 102 first (April-November 2020) and 45 second (December-January 2020-2021) surveys to guardians of children (<18 years) who had a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and assessed their intent to give a COVID-19 vaccine to their child, when one becomes available. The first and second surveys of the same cohort of guardians were conducted before and following the press releases detailing the adult Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Phase 3 results. Both surveys included an intent-to-vaccinate question using the subjective language of "if a safe and effective vaccine" became available, and a second question was added to second surveys using the objective language of "would prevent 19 of 20 people from getting disease". When using subjective language, 24 of 45 (53%) guardians endorsed vaccine administration for their children in the first survey, which decreased to 21 (46%) in the second survey. When adding objective language, acceptance of vaccination increased to 31 (69%,

Classification Of Cardiomyopathies From Mr Cine Images Using Convolutional Neural Network With Transfer Learning, Philippe Germain, Armine Vardazaryan, Nicolas Padoy, Aissam Labani, Catherine Roy, Thomas Hellmut Schindler, Soraya El Ghannudi

Open Access Publications

The automatic classification of various types of cardiomyopathies is desirable but has never been performed using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The purpose of this study was to evaluate currently available CNN models to classify cine magnetic resonance (cine-MR) images of cardiomyopathies.

METHOD: Diastolic and systolic frames of 1200 cine-MR sequences of three categories of subjects (395 normal, 411 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and 394 dilated cardiomyopathy) were selected, preprocessed, and labeled. Pretrained, fine-tuned deep learning models (VGG) were used for image classification (sixfold cross-validation and double split testing with hold-out data). The heat activation map algorithm (Grad-CAM) was applied to reveal …

An Essential, Kinetoplastid-Specific Gdp-Fuc: Β-D-Gal Α-1,2-Fucosyltransferase Is Located In The Mitochondrion Of Trypanosoma Brucei, Giulia Bandini, Sebastian Damerow, Maria Lucia Sempaio Guther, Hongjie Guo, Angela Mehlert, Jose Carlos Paredes Franco, Stephen Beverley, Michael A.J. Ferguson

Open Access Publications

Fucose is a common component of eukaryotic cell-surface glycoconjugates, generally added by Golgi-resident fucosyltransferases. Whereas fucosylated glycoconjugates are rare in kinetoplastids, the biosynthesis of the nucleotide sugar GDP-Fuc has been shown to be essential in

Critical Period After Stroke Study (Cpass): A Phase Ii Clinical Trial Testing An Optimal Time For Motor Recovery After Stroke In Humans, Alexander W. Dromerick, Shashwati Geed, Jessica Barth, Kathaleen Brady, Margot L. Gianetti, Abigail Mitchell, Matthew A. Edwardson, Ming T. Tan, Yizhao Zhou, Elissa L. Newport, Dorothy F. Edwards

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Efficacy And Breadth Of Adjuvanted Sars-Cov-2 Receptor-Binding Domain Nanoparticle Vaccine In Macaques, Hannah A. D. King, Rita E. Chen, James B. Case, Michael S. Diamond, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Ip3r-Driven Increases In Mitochondrial Ca2+ Promote Neuronal Death In Npc Disease, Scott A. Tiscione, Maria Casas, Jonathan D. Horvath, Vincent Lam, Keiko Hino, Daniel S. Ory, L. Fernando Santana, Sergi Simó, Rose E. Dixon, Eamonn J. Dickson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Cholecystitis Masquerading As Cardiac Chest Pain: A Case Report, Vasudev Malik Daliparty, Behzad Amoozgar, Alejandra Razzeto, Syed Usman Mohsin Ehsanullah, Faseeha Rehman

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Racial Comparison Of Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Partial Nephrectomy For Renal Masses At A Large Volume Tertiary Center, Kenneth G. Sands, Rohit Bhatt, Joel Vetter, Alethea Paradis, Alexander K. Chow, Sam Bhayani, Robert S. Figenshau, Ramakrishna Venkatesh

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

American Society Of Hematology 2021 Guidelines For Sickle Cell Disease: Stem Cell Transplantation, Julie Kanter, Robert I. Liem, Françoise Bernaudin, Javier Bolaños-Meade, Courtney D. Fitzhugh, Jane S. Hankins, M. Hassan Murad, Julie A. Panepinto, Damiano Rondelli, Shalini Shenoy, John Wagner, Mark C. Walters, Teonna Woolford, Joerg J. Meerpohl, John Tisdale

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of Annual Prostate-Specific Antigen (Psa) Screening Among Black Men: Results From An Urban Community-Based Prostate Cancer Screening Program, Marquita W. Lewis-Thames, Saira Khan, Veronica Hicks, Bettina F. Drake

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Utility Of Social Media For Recruitment By Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Programs, Alisa Malyavko, Yumin Kim, Tara G. Harmon, Theodore Quan, Alex Gu, Simone A. Bernstein, Sean A. Tabaie, Savyasachi Thakkar

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.