Digital Commons Network^™

Acceleration Of Small Intestine Development And Remodeling Of The Microbiome Following Hyaluronan 35 Kda Treatment In Neonatal Mice, Hala Chaaban, Kathryn Burge, Jeffrey Eckert, Majoi Trammell, David Dyer, Ravi S Keshari, Robert Silasi, Girija Regmi, Cristina Lupu, Misty Good, Steven J Mcelroy, Florea Lupu

Open Access Publications

The beneficial effects of human milk suppressing the development of intestinal pathologies such as necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants are widely known. Human milk (HM) is rich in a multitude of bioactive factors that play major roles in promoting postnatal maturation, differentiation, and the development of the microbiome. Previous studies showed that HM is rich in hyaluronan (HA) especially in colostrum and early milk. This study aims to determine the role of HA 35 KDa, a HM HA mimic, on intestinal proliferation, differentiation, and the development of the intestinal microbiome. We show that oral HA 35 KDa supplementation for 7 …

Prospective Spect-Ct Organ Dosimetry-Driven Radiation-Absorbed Dose Escalation Using The In-111 (111in)/Yttrium 90 (90y) Ibritumomab Tiuxetan (Zevalin ®) Theranostic Pair In Patients With Lymphoma At Myeloablative Dose Levels, Richard L Wahl, Eric C Frey, Heather A Jacene, Brad S Kahl, Steven Piantadosi, Jesus A Bianco, Richard J Hammes, Miah Jung, Wayne Kasecamp, Bin He, George Sgouros, Ian W Flinn, Lode J Swinnen

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: We prospectively evaluated the feasibility of SPECT-CT/planar organ dosimetry-based radiation dose escalation radioimmunotherapy in patients with recurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using the theranostic pair of

METHODS: 24 patients with CD20-positive relapsed or refractory rituximab-sensitive, low-grade, mantle cell, or diffuse large-cell NHL, with normal organ function, platelet counts > 75,000/mm

RESULTS: Patient-specific hybrid SPECT/CT + planar organ dosimetry was feasible in all 18 cases and used to determine the patient-specific therapeutic dose and guide dose escalation (26.8 ± 7.3 MBq/kg (mean), 26.3 MBq/kg (median) of

CONCLUSIONS: Patient-specific outpatient

Adolescent Animal Product Intake In Relation To Later Prostate Cancer Risk And Mortality In The Nih-Aarp Diet And Health Study, Tuo Lan, Yikyung Park, Graham A Colditz, Jingxia Liu, Rashmi Sinha, Molin Wang, Kana Wu, Edward Giovannucci, Siobhan Sutcliffe

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Adolescent intake of animal products has been proposed to contribute to prostate cancer (PCa) development because of its potentially carcinogenic constituents and influence on hormone levels during adolescence.

METHODS: We used data from 159,482 participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study to investigate associations for recalled adolescent intake of red meat (unprocessed beef and processed red meat), poultry, egg, canned tuna, animal fat and animal protein at ages 12-13 years with subsequent PCa risk and mortality over 14 years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of …

Bispecific T Cell Engagers For The Treatment Of Multiple Myeloma: Achievements And Challenges, Kinan Alhallak, Jennifer Sun, Amanda Jeske, Chaelee Park, Jessica Yavner, Hannah Bash, Berit Lubben, Ola Adebayo, Ayah Khaskiah, Abdel Kareem Azab

Open Access Publications

MM is the second most common hematological malignancy and represents approximately 20% of deaths from hematopoietic cancers. The advent of novel agents has changed the therapeutic landscape of MM treatment; however, MM remains incurable. T cell-based immunotherapy such as BTCEs is a promising modality for the treatment of MM. This review article discusses the advancements and future directions of BTCE treatments for MM.

Microbial Sharing Between Pediatric Patients And Therapy Dogs During Hospital Animal-Assisted Intervention Programs, Kathryn R Dalton, Kathy Ruble, Laurel E Redding, Daniel O Morris, Noel T Mueller, Roland J Thorpe, Jacqueline Agnew, Karen C Carroll, Paul J Planet, Ronald C Rubenstein, Allen R Chen, Elizabeth A Grice, Meghan F Davis

Open Access Publications

Microbial sharing between humans and animals has been demonstrated in a variety of settings. However, the extent of microbial sharing that occurs within the healthcare setting during animal-assisted intervention programs is unknown. Understanding microbial transmission between patients and therapy dogs can provide important insights into potential health benefits for patients, in addition to addressing concerns regarding potential pathogen transmission that limits program utilization. This study evaluated for potential microbial sharing between pediatric patients and therapy dogs and tested whether patient-dog contact level and a dog decolonization protocol modified this sharing. Patients, therapy dogs, and the hospital environment were sampled before …

Bnp Facilitates Nmb-Encoded Histaminergic Itch Via Nprc-Nmbr Crosstalk, Qing-Tao Meng, Xian-Yu Liu, Xue-Ting Liu, Juan Liu, Admire Munanairi, Devin M. Barry, Benlong Liu, Hua Jin, Yu Sun, Qianyi Yang, Fang Gao, Li Wan, Jiahang Peng, Jin-Hua Jin, Kai-Feng Shen, Ray Kim, Jun Yin, Ailin Tao, Zhou-Feng Chen

Open Access Publications

Histamine-dependent and -independent itch is conveyed by parallel peripheral neural pathways that express gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and neuromedin B (NMB), respectively, to the spinal cord of mice. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been proposed to transmit both types of itch via its receptor NPRA encoded by

Response To Ibudilast Treatment According To Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Disease Phenotype, Andrew D Goodman, Janel K Fedler, Jon Yankey, Elizabeth A Klingner, Dixie J Ecklund, Christopher V Goebel, Robert A Bermel, Marianne Chase, Christopher S Coffey, Eric C Klawiter, Robert T Naismith, Robert J Fox, Sprint-Ms Investigators

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVE: Determine whether a treatment effect of ibudilast on brain atrophy rate differs between participants with primary (PPMS) and secondary (SPMS) progressive multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Progressive forms of MS are both associated with continuous disability progression. Whether PPMS and SPMS differ in treatment response remains unknown.

DESIGN/METHODS: SPRINT-MS was a randomized, placebo-controlled 96-week phase 2 trial in both PPMS (n = 134) and SPMS (n = 121) patients. The effect of PPMS and SPMS phenotype on the rate of change of brain atrophy measured by brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) was examined by fitting a three-way interaction linear-mixed model. Adjustment for …

Rna-Seq Identifies Genes Whose Proteins Are Upregulated During Syncytia Development In Murine C2c12 Myoblasts And Human Bewo Trophoblasts, Christopher Azar, Mark C Valentine, Julie Trausch-Azar, Lisa Rois, Moe Mahjoub, D Michael Nelson, Alan L Schwartz

Open Access Publications

The fusion of villous cytotrophoblasts into the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast is critical for the essential functions of the mammalian placenta. Using RNA-Seq gene expression, quantitative protein expression, and siRNA knockdown we identified genes and their cognate proteins which are similarly upregulated in two cellular models of mammalian syncytia development (human BeWo cytotrophoblast to syncytiotrophoblast and murine C2C12 myoblast to myotube). These include DYSF, PDE4DIP, SPIRE2, NDRG1, PLEC, GPR146, HSPB8, DHCR7, and HDAC5. These findings provide avenues for further understanding of the mechanisms underlying mammalian placental syncytiotrophoblast development.

Lack Of Association Between Acute Stroke, Post-Stroke Dementia, Race, And Β-Amyloid Status, Lauren N Koenig, Lena M Mccue, Elizabeth Grant, Parinaz Massoumzadeh, Catherine M Roe, Chengjie Xiong, Krista L Moulder, Liang Wang, Allyson R Zazulia, Peggy Kelly, Aylin Dincer, Aiad Zaza, Joshua S Shimony, Tammie L S Benzinger, John C Morris

Open Access Publications

INTRODUCTION: Stroke and Alzheimer disease share risk factors and often co-occur, and both have been reported to have a higher prevalence in African Americans as compared to non-Hispanic whites. However, their interaction has not been established. The objective of this study was to determine if preclinical Alzheimer disease is a risk factor for stroke and post-stroke dementia and whether racial differences moderate this relationship.

METHODS: This case-control study was analyzed in 2019 using retrospective data from 2007 to 2013. Participants were adults age 65 and older with and without acute ischemic stroke. Recruitment included word of mouth and referrals in …

Test-Retest Reliability Of Neural Correlates Of Response Inhibition And Error Monitoring: An Fmri Study Of A Stop-Signal Task, Ozlem Korucuoglu, Michael P Harms, Serguei V Astafiev, Semyon Golosheykin, James T Kennedy, Deanna M Barch, Andrey P Anokhin

Open Access Publications

Response inhibition (RI) and error monitoring (EM) are important processes of adaptive goal-directed behavior, and neural correlates of these processes are being increasingly used as transdiagnostic biomarkers of risk for a range of neuropsychiatric disorders. Potential utility of these purported biomarkers relies on the assumption that individual differences in brain activation are reproducible over time; however, available data on test-retest reliability (TRR) of task-fMRI are very mixed. This study examined TRR of RI and EM-related activations using a stop signal task in young adults (

Video Feedback Intervention For Cognitively Impaired Older Drivers: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Brian R Ott, George D Papandonatos, Erin M Burke, Donna Erdman, David B Carr, Jennifer D Davis

Open Access Publications

Introduction: This clinical trial aimed to determine whether in-car video feedback about unsafe driving events (UDE) to cognitively impaired older drivers and family members leads to a reduction in such driving behaviors.

Methods: We randomized 51 cognitively impaired older drivers to receive either (1) a weekly progress report with recommendations and access to their videos, or (2) video monitoring alone without feedback over 3 months.

Results: UDE frequency/1000 miles was reduced by 12% in feedback (rate ratio [RR] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .58-1.34), while remaining constant with only monitoring (RR = 1.01, 95% CI = .68-1.51). UDE …

Application Of Electrical Stimulation For Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Stimulation Parameters And Future Horizons, Saad Javeed, Amir H. Faraji, Christopher Dy, Wilson Z. Ray, Matthew R. Macewan

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Substance Use Disorders And Behavioral Addictions During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Covid-19-Related Restrictions, Nicole M Avena, Julia Simkus, Anne Lewandowski, Mark S Gold, Marc N Potenza

Open Access Publications

COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, China in December of 2019 and appeared in the United States 1 month later. Between the onset of the pandemic and January 13, 2021, over 92 million people have tested positive for the virus and over 1.9 million people have died globally. Virtually every country in the world has been impacted by this virus. Beginning in March 2020, many U.S. state governments enforced a "quarantine" to respond to the growing health crisis. Citizens were required to remain at home; schools, restaurants, and non-essential businesses were forced to close, and large gatherings were prohibited. Americans' …

Survival Predictors Of Heart Rate Variability After Myocardial Infarction With And Without Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, Junichiro Hayano, Norihiro Ueda, Masaya Kisohara, Emi Yuda, Robert M Carney, James A Blumenthal

Open Access Publications

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) dynamics are used to predict the survival probability of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the association has been established in patients with mixed levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Objective: We investigated whether the survival predictors of HRV and HR dynamics depend on LVEF after AMI.

Methods: We studied 687 post-AMI patients including 147 with LVEF ≤35% and 540 with LVEF >35%, of which 23 (16%) and 22 (4%) died during the 25 month follow-up period, respectively. None had an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator. From baseline 24 h ECG, the …

Immunological Findings And Clinical Outcomes Of Infants With Positive Newborn Screening For Severe Combined Immunodeficiency From A Tertiary Care Center In The U.S., Vasudha Mantravadi, Jeffrey J Bednarski, Michelle A Ritter, Hongjie Gu, Ana L Kolicheski, Caroline Horner, Megan A Cooper, Maleewan Kitcharoensakkul

Open Access Publications

The implementation of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) newborn screening has played a pivotal role in identifying these patients early in life as well as detecting various milder forms of T cell lymphopenia (TCL). In this study we reviewed the diagnostic and clinical outcomes, and interesting immunology findings of term infants referred to a tertiary care center with abnormal newborn SCID screens over a 6-year period. Key findings included a 33% incidence of non-SCID TCL including infants with novel variants in

Frontotemporal Dementias In Latin America: History, Epidemiology, Genetics, And Clinical Research, Jorge J Llibre-Guerra, Angela Hardi, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Excessive White Matter Hyperintensity Increases Susceptibility To Poor Functional Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke, Sungmin Hong, Laura Heitsch, Chia-Ling Phuah, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Trajectory Of Long-Term Outcome In Severe Pediatric Diffuse Axonal Injury: An Exploratory Study, Shih-Shan Lang, Todd Kilbaugh, Stuart Friess, Susan Sotardi, Chong Tae Kim, Vanessa Mazandi, Bingqing Zhang, Phillip B Storm, Gregory G Heuer, Alexander Tucker, Steve B Ampah, Heather Griffis, Ramesh Raghupathi, Jimmy W Huh

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Prediction Of Infant Mr Images With Multi-Contrast Perceptual Adversarial Learning, Liying Peng, Robert C Mckinstry, Kelly N Botteron, Et Al

Open Access Publications

The infant brain undergoes a remarkable period of neural development that is crucial for the development of cognitive and behavioral capacities (Hasegawa et al., 2018). Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is able to characterize the developmental trajectories and is critical in neuroimaging studies of early brain development. However, missing data at different time points is an unavoidable occurrence in longitudinal studies owing to participant attrition and scan failure. Compared to dropping incomplete data, data imputation is considered a better solution to address such missing data in order to preserve all available samples. In this paper, we adapt generative adversarial networks …

Antigen Presenting Cells Link The Female Genital Tract Microbiome To Mucosal Inflammation, With Hormonal Contraception As An Additional Modulator Of Inflammatory Signatures, Elizabeth H Byrne, Barry L Hykes, Scott A Handley, Et Al

Open Access Publications

The microbiome of the female genital tract (FGT) is closely linked to reproductive health outcomes. Diverse, anaerobe-dominated communities with low

Oromandibular Dystonia: A Clinical Examination Of 2,020 Cases, Laura M Scorr, Randal C Paniello, Scott A Norris, Joel S Perlmutter, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Rectal Cancer Treatment Management: Deep-Learning Neural Network Based On Photoacoustic Microscopy Image Outperforms Histogram-Feature-Based Classification, Xiandong Leng, Eghbal Amidi, Sitai Kou, Hassam Cheema, Ebunoluwa Otegbeye, William Chapman Jr, Matthew Mutch, Quing Zhu

Open Access Publications

We have developed a novel photoacoustic microscopy/ultrasound (PAM/US) endoscope to image post-treatment rectal cancer for surgical management of residual tumor after radiation and chemotherapy. Paired with a deep-learning convolutional neural network (CNN), the PAM images accurately differentiated pathological complete responders (pCR) from incomplete responders. However, the role of CNNs compared with traditional histogram-feature based classifiers needs further exploration. In this work, we compare the performance of the CNN models to generalized linear models (GLM) across 24

Direct N-Glycosylation Profiling Of Urine And Prostatic Fluid Glycoproteins And Extracellular Vesicles, Calvin R K Blaschke, Jordan P Hartig, Grace Grimsley, Liping Liu, O John Semmes, Jennifer D Wu, Joseph E Ippolito, Chanita Hughes-Halbert, Julius O Nyalwidhe, Richard R Drake

Open Access Publications

Expressed prostatic secretions (EPS), also called post digital rectal exam urines, are proximal fluids of the prostate that are widely used for diagnostic and prognostic assays for prostate cancer. These fluids contain an abundant number of glycoproteins and extracellular vesicles secreted by the prostate gland, and the ability to detect changes in their N-glycans composition as a reflection of disease state represents potential new biomarker candidates. Methods to characterize these N-glycan constituents directly from clinical samples in a timely manner and with minimal sample processing requirements are not currently available. In this report, an approach is described to directly profile …

The Crossroads Of Glycoscience, Infection, And Immunology, Tanya R Mckitrick, Margaret E Ackerman, Robert M Anthony, Clay S Bennett, Michael Demetriou, Gregory A Hudalla, Katharina Ribbeck, Stefan Ruhl, Christina M Woo, Loretta Yang, Seth J Zost, Ronald L Schnaar, Tamara L Doering

Open Access Publications

Advances in experimental capabilities in the glycosciences offer expanding opportunities for discovery in the broad areas of immunology and microbiology. These two disciplines overlap when microbial infection stimulates host immune responses and glycan structures are central in the processes that occur during all such encounters. Microbial glycans mediate host-pathogen interactions by acting as surface receptors or ligands, functioning as virulence factors, impeding host immune responses, or playing other roles in the struggle between host and microbe. In the context of the host, glycosylation drives cell-cell interactions that initiate and regulate the host response and modulates the effects of antibodies and …

Antidiabetic Dpp-4 Inhibitors Reprogram Tumor Microenvironment That Facilitates Murine Breast Cancer Metastasis Through Interaction With Cancer Cells Via A Ros-Nf-Кb-Nlrp3 Axis, Rui Li, Xin Zeng, Meihua Yang, Jinmei Feng, Xiaohui Xu, Liming Bao, Tingbo Ye, Xin Wang, Bingqian Xue, Yi Huang

Open Access Publications

Improvement of understanding of the safety profile and biological significance of antidiabetic agents in breast cancer (BC) progression may shed new light on minimizing the unexpected side effect of antidiabetic reagents in diabetic patients with BC. Our recent finding showed that Saxagliptin (Sax) and Sitagliptin (Sit), two common antidiabetic dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) compounds, promoted murine BC 4T1 metastasis

Conserved Mechanism Of Bicarbonate-Induced Sensitization Of Catsper Channels In Human And Mouse Sperm, Juan J Ferreira, Pascale Lybaert, Lis C Puga-Molina, Celia M Santi

Open Access Publications

To fertilize an egg, mammalian sperm must undergo capacitation in the female genital tract. A key contributor to capacitation is the calcium (Ca

Evaluation Of Severity Of Illness Scores In The Pediatric Ecmo Population, Venessa L Pinto, Danielle Guffey, Laura Loftis, Melania M Bembea, Philip C Spinella, Sheila J Hanson

Open Access Publications

Though commonly used for adjustment of risk, severity of illness and mortality risk prediction scores, based on the first 24 h of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, have not been validated in the pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) population. We aimed to determine the association of Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2), Pediatric Risk of Mortality Score III (PRISM III) and Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) scores with mortality in pediatric patients on ECMO. This was a retrospective cohort study of children ≤18 years of age included in the Pediatric ECMO Outcomes Registry (PEDECOR) from 2014 to 2018. Logistic regression …

Phylum-Spanning Neuropeptide Gpcr Identification And Prioritization: Shaping Drug Target Discovery Pipelines For Nematode Parasite Control, Louise E Atkinson, Ciaran J Mccoy, Bethany A Crooks, Fiona M Mckay, Paul Mcveigh, Darrin Mckenzie, Allister Irvine, John Harrington, Bruce A Rosa, Makedonka Mitreva, Nikki J Marks, Aaron G Maule, Angela Mousley

Open Access Publications

Nematode parasites undermine human health and global food security. The frontline anthelmintic portfolio used to treat parasitic nematodes is threatened by the escalation of anthelmintic resistance, resulting in a demand for new drug targets for parasite control. Nematode neuropeptide signalling pathways represent an attractive source of novel drug targets which currently remain unexploited. The complexity of the nematode neuropeptidergic system challenges the discovery of new targets for parasite control, however recent advances in parasite 'omics' offers an opportunity for the

Rotavirus Susceptibility Of Antibiotic-Treated Mice Ascribed To Diminished Expression Of Interleukin-22, Daniel Schnepf, Pedro Hernandez, Tanel Mahlakõiv, Stefania Crotta, Meagan E. Sullender, Stefan T. Peterson, Annette Ohnemus, Camille Michiels, Ian Gentle, Laure Dumoutier, Celso A. Reis, Andreas Diefenbach, Andreas Wack, Megan T. Baldridge, Peter Staeheli

Open Access Publications

The commensal microbiota regulates susceptibility to enteric pathogens by fine-tuning mucosal innate immune responses, but how susceptibility to enteric viruses is shaped by the microbiota remains incompletely understood. Past reports have indicated that commensal bacteria may either promote or repress rotavirus replication in the small intestine of mice. We now report that rotavirus replicated more efficiently in the intestines of germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice compared to animals with an unmodified microbiota. Antibiotic treatment also facilitated rotavirus replication in type I and type III interferon (IFN) receptor-deficient mice, revealing IFN-independent proviral effects. Expression of interleukin-22 (IL-22) was strongly diminished in the …

Colonoscopy Polyp Detection And Classification: Dataset Creation And Comparative Evaluations, Kaidong Li, Mohammad I. Fathan, Krushi Patel, Tianxiao Zhang, Cuncong Zhong, Ajay Bansal, Amit Rastogi, Jean S. Wang, Guanghui Wang

Open Access Publications

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer with a high mortality rate. Colonoscopy is the preferred procedure for CRC screening and has proven to be effective in reducing CRC mortality. Thus, a reliable computer-aided polyp detection and classification system can significantly increase the effectiveness of colonoscopy. In this paper, we create an endoscopic dataset collected from various sources and annotate the ground truth of polyp location and classification results with the help of experienced gastroenterologists. The dataset can serve as a benchmark platform to train and evaluate the machine learning models for polyp classification. We …