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Relationships Among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, And Cardiac Structure And Function In Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach, Paul Stephen Wachowiak
Relationships Among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, And Cardiac Structure And Function In Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach, Paul Stephen Wachowiak
Open Access Dissertations
BACKGROUND: Risk factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) have been implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development and outcomes. Few studies have investigated relationships between psychological variables, MetS factors, and indices of cardiac structure and function (CSF) among healthy individuals in a single conceptual model. No studies to date have analyzed such relationships in patients with CVD. METHODS: The present study examined associations between cynical hostility (CynHo), MetS factors, and CSF in 186 multi-ethnic post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Structural equation modeling was used to test a theory driven model of MetS that had good statistical fit. Primary MetS variables included waist …
Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Baseline Predictors Of Outcomes In The Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry, Jorge A. Alvarez
Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Baseline Predictors Of Outcomes In The Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry, Jorge A. Alvarez
Open Access Dissertations
Background: Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common functional type of cardiomyopathy in children with significant morbidity and the leading indication for cardiac transplant over 5 years of age. Identification of baseline risk factors for failing medical management by etiologic grouping remain to be elucidated in a large populationbased study. The competing risk for heart death between all-cause mortality and heart transplantation is often overestimated in the literature and may obscure additional novel risk factors associated with poor clinical outcomes. Methods: The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry collected longitudinal data from 1731 children with DCM in …
X-Ray Crystallographic Studies Of Complexes Of Human Myeloperoxidase With Hydroxamic Acids And Nitrite, Corneliu Sologon
X-Ray Crystallographic Studies Of Complexes Of Human Myeloperoxidase With Hydroxamic Acids And Nitrite, Corneliu Sologon
Open Access Dissertations
Compound I of myeloperoxidase is capable of both one-electron oxidation and two-electron oxidation reactions. Halides and pseudohalides are the substrates for the two-electron oxidation and other compounds including a large variety of aromatic alcohols and amines can be oxidized via the single electron oxidation pathway. To investigate the catalytic mechanism of myeloperoxidase four structures of complexes of myeloperoxidase were solved. Two of them are complexes with hydroxamic acids and the other two are complexes with nitrite. Hydroxamic acids (salicylhydroxamic acid and benzylhydroxamic acid) can function as structural analogues for the aromatic alcohol and amine substrates of myeloperoxidase. The crystal structures …
Pseudouridine Modifications On 23s Ribosomal Rna: When, How And Why, Pavanapuresan P. Vaidyanathan
Pseudouridine Modifications On 23s Ribosomal Rna: When, How And Why, Pavanapuresan P. Vaidyanathan
Open Access Dissertations
Pseudouridine synthases are enzymes responsible for modifying uridines to pseudouridines in a site-specific and energy-independent manner. There are 5 families of these synthases, named after the first member of each family to be characterized in Escherichia coli : RluA, RsuA, TruA, TruB and TruD. The 23S ribosomal RNA in E. coli contains 10 pseudouridine modifications made by 6 specific synthases named RluA-RluF. These modifications cluster around important functional regions of the ribosome such as the peptidyl transferase center, the tRNA binding sites, and the inter-subunit bridge regions. My research focuses on understanding the mechanisms of substrate selection by pseudouridine synthases …
Copper Toxicity And Accumulation: Physiology, Chemistry, And Molecular Biology, Jonathan Blanchard
Copper Toxicity And Accumulation: Physiology, Chemistry, And Molecular Biology, Jonathan Blanchard
Open Access Dissertations
Our knowledge of aquatic Cu toxicity has increased greatly over the past several years culminating with the incorporation of a model (the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM)) into the regulatory framework which allows for the site specific adjustment of water quality criteria based on water chemistry. However, our understanding of Cu toxicity in the aquatic environment is limited mostly to freshwater (FW). Because of this limited knowledge, this dissertation set out to examine the affect of salinity on Cu toxicity and accumulation across salinities from FW to sea water (SW). First, this work examined tissue specific Cu accumulation in five salinities …
Studies On Weathered Waterborne Treated Wood: Leaching Of Metals During Service And Metals Based Detection Upon Recycle, A. Rasem Hasan
Studies On Weathered Waterborne Treated Wood: Leaching Of Metals During Service And Metals Based Detection Upon Recycle, A. Rasem Hasan
Open Access Dissertations
Weathered waterborne treated wood is believed to behave differently than new wood during service regarding the loss of its metallic-based preservatives. Also, weathered preserved wood should be separated from the unpreserved wood upon recycle. The first objective of this dissertation was to evaluate losses from weathered CCA-treated wood samples at different retention levels under normal field conditions and to compare leaching to new ACQ (as alternative to CCA). Results showed that arsenic leached at a higher rate than chromium and copper in all CCA treated wood samples, while copper leached the highest from the ACQ sample. Overall results suggest that …
Molecular Aspects Of Nitrogen Metabolism In Fishes, Tammy Laberge Macdonald
Molecular Aspects Of Nitrogen Metabolism In Fishes, Tammy Laberge Macdonald
Open Access Dissertations
Molecular aspects of nitrogen metabolism in vertebrates is an interesting area of physiology and evolution to explore due to the different ways in which animals excrete nitrogenous waste as they transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial lifestyle. Two main products of nitrogen metabolism in fishes are ammonia and urea. Ammonia is produced during protein catabolism and build up of ammonia is toxic. Some aquatic vertebrates convert ammonia into a less toxic compound urea via de novo synthesis through the ornithine-urea cycle (O-UC). Five enzymes are involved in the O-UC: carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS), ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT), argininosuccinate synthetase …
Innexons, Membrane Channels For Atp, Control Microglia Migration To Nerve Lesions, Stuart E. Samuels
Innexons, Membrane Channels For Atp, Control Microglia Migration To Nerve Lesions, Stuart E. Samuels
Open Access Dissertations
ATP released upon nerve injury is an important chemotactic activator of microglia; however, the source of the extracellular ATP is uncertain. In large glial cells such as astrocytes, chemical or mechanical stimulation or injury causes an intracellular calcium wave that moves from cell to cell propagated by extracellular ATP through a regenerative ATP-induced ATP-release mechanism. In mammals a prime candidate for the ATP release channel is the pannexon, a hexamer of the invertebrate gap junction homologue pannexin1, although the pharmacologically similar protein connexin is also a candidate. I hypothesized that upon nerve injury, ATP released through pannexon channels activates microglia …
Individual Differences In Anterior Eeg Asymmetry In Children With High Functioning Autism, Anne Pradella Inge
Individual Differences In Anterior Eeg Asymmetry In Children With High Functioning Autism, Anne Pradella Inge
Open Access Dissertations
This study examined the moderating role of motivational tendencies for social approach and avoidance behavior, as measured by anterior EEG asymmetry, on symptom expression. In particular, this study aimed to replicate and extend previous findings that measures of anterior EEG asymmetry provide an important marker of subgroups of HFA children that significantly differ from each other, and controls, on measures of social communication impairment. EEG data were collected across two occasions on 51 HFA and 44 non-HFA children. EEG asymmetry was computed for homologous electrode pairs (e.g., lnF4-lnF3). More positive scores were indicative of relative left frontal asymmetry. Data on …
Acculturation, Enculturation, And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia In Ethnic Minority Patients: An Examination Of Sociocultural Mediators Underlying These Relationships, Vamsi K. Koneru
Open Access Dissertations
The preponderance of evidence from large-scale studies shows a detrimental association between greater acculturation (to mainstream U.S. values and beliefs) and mental health. Prior research also suggests that greater acculturation may be associated with a breakdown of adaptive behaviors and values (e.g., religiosity/spirituality) thereby negatively impacting mental health. In addition, literature generally suggests that enculturation (retention of culture of origin customs and values) is associated with better mental health. However, few studies have examined potential mediators between acculturation/enculturation and mental health; and research on this topic with patients with schizophrenia is particularly scarce. Using a sample of 44 Hispanic and …
The Changes Of The Carbonate Parameters In The Ocean: Anthropogenic And Natural Processes, Mareva Chanson
The Changes Of The Carbonate Parameters In The Ocean: Anthropogenic And Natural Processes, Mareva Chanson
Open Access Dissertations
Since the industrial revolution, CO sub 2 has increased in the atmosphere and about 40% of the increase has been taken up by the ocean. An artifact of increasing CO sub 2 in the ocean is ocean acidification; it changes the calcium carbonate saturation state, which in turn alters the calcification rate of shelled organisms. The purpose of this dissertation is to estimate the changes in the carbonate system in the oceans, and whether these changes are due to natural (biological activity, chemical transformation or mixing of water masses) or anthropogenic (human activities) perturbations. The first hypothesis states that the …
Hydrogen Bonding And Cucurbituril Complexation As Self-Assembly Mechanisms, Lu Cui
Hydrogen Bonding And Cucurbituril Complexation As Self-Assembly Mechanisms, Lu Cui
Open Access Dissertations
The supramolecular interactions of small organic molecules with different host molecules are investigated in this dissertation. Additionally, the author also describes the self-assembly mechanisms in hydrogen bonding motif. These studies were carried out by many techniques including, NMR, cyclic voltammetry, steady state voltammetry, mass spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Chapter 1 introduces the science of supramolecular chemistry and the background of cucurbiturils, one of the most important host molecules studied in this research work. It describes the structures and binding behaviors of each host molecule. Additionally, the selectivity and binding properties in the host-guest interactions involved cucurbiturils are discussed. …
The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway In Atherosclerosis, Daniel Addison Nation
The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway In Atherosclerosis, Daniel Addison Nation
Open Access Dissertations
Background. Social deprivation or isolation accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in several animal models of the disease. Conversely, stable social environment has been associated with reduction in the extent and severity of atherosclerosis. While positive social interactions are thought to be related to this protective effect, little is known about the physiological mechanisms responsible. Recently, the neurohypophyseal peptide, oxytocin (OT), has been found to play a role in both positive social interactions and cardiovascular homeostasis, suggesting that this neuropeptide may be responsible for mediating the beneficial effects of positive social environment on atherosclerosis. The first aim of the current study …
Behavior And Transport Of Pelagic Coral Reef Fish Larvae In The Straits Of Florida, Klaus B. Huebert
Behavior And Transport Of Pelagic Coral Reef Fish Larvae In The Straits Of Florida, Klaus B. Huebert
Open Access Dissertations
The supply of coral reef fish larvae from the open ocean to reefs is vital for the persistence of local fish populations. Whether larvae are dispersed over hundreds of km or only few km depends on biophysical interactions between larvae and their environment. Relationships between environmental variables, larval swimming behavior, and larval transport were examined for reef fish larvae in the Florida Straits. In a series of research cruises, the upper 100 m of the water column was sampled with plankton nets fishing at four different depths. Variability in the vertical distributions of most larvae was not consistently related to …
Intestinal Hco3- Secretion In Fish: A Widespread Mechanism With Newly Recognized Physiological Functions, Josi R. Taylor
Intestinal Hco3- Secretion In Fish: A Widespread Mechanism With Newly Recognized Physiological Functions, Josi R. Taylor
Open Access Dissertations
Intestinal HCO3- secretion and the excretion of resultant CaCO3 precipitates have become a recognized characteristic of seawater osmoregulation in teleosts; however, this is the first report of this osmoregulatory strategy outside of teleosts and also includes evidence for its use in green turtles, Chelonia mydas. Furthermore, the effects of feeding on intestinal HCO3- secretion were newly investigated in teleosts. Intestinal base secretion via apical Cl-/HCO3- exchange was found to increase following feeding, at a magnitude sufficient to offset the "alkaline tide" commonly associated with digestion. Intestinal HCO3- secretion in marine teleosts draws HCO3- from both endogenous (via hydration of intracellular …
Emotional Communication And Attachment Security In Infants At Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorders, John D. Haltigan
Emotional Communication And Attachment Security In Infants At Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorders, John D. Haltigan
Open Access Dissertations
Thirty-two infants and their parents were observed at 6 months in the Face-to-Face/Still-Face (FFSF) paradigm. Attachment security was assessed in the Strange Situation Paradigm (SSP) at 15 months. Eighteen of these infants had an older sibling with a clinically diagnosed ASD (ASD-siblings) and 14 had older siblings with no ASD (comparison-siblings). Results suggested that at fifteen months, before diagnostic outcomes are available, ASD-sibs are no more likely to evidence insecurity in attachment, or attachment disorganization, than are COMP-sibs. Additionally, 15-month secure and insecure infants differed with respect to 6-month gazing at their parent's face during the still-face (SF) and reunion …
Biophysical Analysis Of The Ap1-Dna Interaction, Kenneth L. Seldeen
Biophysical Analysis Of The Ap1-Dna Interaction, Kenneth L. Seldeen
Open Access Dissertations
Jun and Fos are components of the AP1 family of transcription factors that bind to the promoters of a diverse multitude of genes involved in critical cellular responses such as cell growth and proliferation, cell cycle regulation, embryonic development and cancer. The specific protein-DNA interactions are driven by the binding of basic zipper (bZIP) domains of Jun and Fos to TPA response element (TRE) and cAMP response element (CRE) within the promoters of target genes. Here, using a diverse array of biophysical techniques, including in particular isothermal titration calorimetry in conjunction with molecular modeling and semi-empirical analysis, I characterize AP1-DNA …
Physicochemical Studies Of The Grb2-Sos1 Interaction, Caleb B. Mcdonald
Physicochemical Studies Of The Grb2-Sos1 Interaction, Caleb B. Mcdonald
Open Access Dissertations
Grb2, a modular protein comprised of a central SH2 domain flanked between a N-terminal SH3 (nSH3) domain and a C-terminal SH3 (cSH3) domain, is a component of cell signaling networks involved in the transmission of extracellular information in the form of growth factors and cytokines to downstream targets such as transcription factors within the nucleus. The Grb2-Sos1 interaction is mediated through the combinatorial binding of nSH3 and cSH3 domains of Grb2 to various sites - designated S1, S2, S3, and S4 - containing PXpsiPXR motifs within Sos1. Here, using a diverse array of biophysical techniques, including in particular isothermal titration …
A Novel Role For The Trafs As Co-Activators And Co-Repressors Of Transcriptional Activity, George C. Brittain, Iv
A Novel Role For The Trafs As Co-Activators And Co-Repressors Of Transcriptional Activity, George C. Brittain, Iv
Open Access Dissertations
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) were initially discovered as proteins that inducibly interact with the intracellular region of TNF receptors (TNFRs). Because the TNFRs lack intrinsic catalytic activity, the TRAFs are hypothesized to orchestrate signaling activation downstream of the TNFR superfamily, however their mechanism of activation remains unclear (Inoue et al., 2000; Bishop, 2004). Originally, the TRAFs were compared to the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) protein family, due to their sequence homology, and the presence of multiple RING- and zinc-finger domains, suggesting that their function may be to regulate transcriptional activity (Rothe et al., …
Ontogeny- And Sex-Dependent Contributions Of The Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (Nnos) Gene To Rewarding And Psychomotor Stimulating Effects Of Cocaine, Mara A. Balda
Open Access Dissertations
Multiple interactions between dopamine (DA), glutamate, and nitric oxide (NO) in mesolimbic and corticostriatal circuits suggest that NO may play a critical role in cocaine-induced behavioral and neural plasticity. Clinical and preclinical studies have revealed that females and adolescents display unique vulnerabilities to the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine as a result of sex-dependent and ontogeny-dependent differences in dopaminergic systems. Thus, my research objectives were to investigate the contributions of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) gene, ontogeny, and gender on the rewarding and sensitizing effects of cocaine. I found that nNOS significantly influences the rewarding aspects of cocaine …
A Model To Describe Spatial And Temporal Variation Of Phosphorus Mass And Fluxes In Tree Islands Of Shark River Slough In The Everglades, Marcelo E. Lago
A Model To Describe Spatial And Temporal Variation Of Phosphorus Mass And Fluxes In Tree Islands Of Shark River Slough In The Everglades, Marcelo E. Lago
Open Access Dissertations
A numerical model has been developed to study the temporal and spatial variations of Phosphorus mass and fluxes around the tree islands of Shark River Slough in the Everglades. The developed model is based on a conceptualization of physical, chemical and biological processes that consider advective and diffusive transport of dissolved Phosphorus, adsorption on to soil, input from rainfall and external sources, and Phosphorus cycling in biomass. The biomass related processes are Phosphorus uptake, release as litter, transport as suspended litter and release from the decomposition of the deposited litter. The water flow and transport of dissolved Phosphorus in the …
Immune Cells, Inflammatory Molecules, And Cd40 In Nonhuman Primate Islets Of Langerhans, Lane Claire Katherine Coffey
Immune Cells, Inflammatory Molecules, And Cd40 In Nonhuman Primate Islets Of Langerhans, Lane Claire Katherine Coffey
Open Access Dissertations
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Amelioration of T1D and the prevention of its detrimental complications are possible through islet transplantation, wherein hormone-producing clusters of cells, islets of Langerhans (islets), are separated from the pancreas and transplanted into a diabetic patient. However, alterations due to the effects of organ recovery, cold ischemia time (CIT), and islet isolation may increase the inflammatory and immunogenic properties of these islets, thereby predisposing them to functional impairment and rejection in a transplant. Understanding the inflammatory properties of islets will allow for …
Sexuality Related Social Support Among Same-Sex Attracted Youth, Nathan D. Doty
Sexuality Related Social Support Among Same-Sex Attracted Youth, Nathan D. Doty
Open Access Dissertations
Supportive relationships with parents and peers are thought to be important in helping gay, lesbian, bisexual, or questioning youth cope with stressors related to their sexual identity. However, studies of same-sex attracted youth have yielded only minimal evidence for the link between social support and mental health. The lack of empirical findings may relate to inadequate measurement of the types of social support most relevant for same-sex attracted youth. Using matching theory as a theoretical framework, the present study examined same-sex attracted youth's perceptions of support for coping with problems specifically related to their sexuality. Ninety-eight same-sex attracted young people …
Muc4 Modulation Of Ligand-Independent Erbb2 Signaling, Goldi A. Kozloski
Muc4 Modulation Of Ligand-Independent Erbb2 Signaling, Goldi A. Kozloski
Open Access Dissertations
The membrane mucin Muc4 is a heterodimer, bi-functional glycoprotein complex that is normally expressed in epithelial tissue. Functional studies on the extracellular mucin subunit of Muc4 have shown that it acts to promote anti-adhesion properties by sterically interfering with cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and that the extent of this effect is directly associated with the number of tandem repeats on this subunit. Functional studies on the transmembrane subunit of Muc4 have shown that this subunit participates in intracellular signaling through interaction with the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2. This role of Muc4 was shown to be mediated by stabilizing the heregulin …
Addressing Amphibian Decline Through The Amphibian Conservation Action Plan, Dante B. Fenolio
Addressing Amphibian Decline Through The Amphibian Conservation Action Plan, Dante B. Fenolio
Open Access Dissertations
The amphibian decline phenomenon now involves in excess of a third of the roughly 6000 species of amphibians on the planet. The problems that drive the declines are diverse with no end in sight. The Amphibian Conservation Action Plan (ACAP) aims to stem amphibian decline through four recommended actions by researchers and conservation biologists: (1) Expand scientific understanding of amphibian declines and extinctions; (2) continue to document amphibian diversity and ecology and how they are changing; (3) develop and implement long-term conservation programs; (4) prepare emergency response actions for eminent crises. This Dissertation focused on two of those recommendations: expanding …
Anatomy And Function Of The African Clawed Frog Vocal System Is Altered By The Brominated Flame Retardant, Pbde-209, Lisa Rania Ganser
Anatomy And Function Of The African Clawed Frog Vocal System Is Altered By The Brominated Flame Retardant, Pbde-209, Lisa Rania Ganser
Open Access Dissertations
Vocal communication allows animals to express distress, territoriality, and most important, to attract mates. In the African Clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, vocal communication is unique, because not only do males advertise for mates using elaborate click vocalizations, but also females are able to advertise their reproductive readiness by eliciting a "rapping" call. Sex differences in vocal repertoire match sex differences in vocal circuitry. During development, the vocal circuitry in the male grows increasingly sensitive to circulating androgens. Androgens induce tremendous growth in the cartilage and musculature of the peripheral vocal organ, the larynx. Net addition of synapses and motor fibers …
Feeding Behavior Of Wild And Captive Oxpeckers (Buphagus Spp.): A Case Of Conditional Mutualism, Tiffany B. Plantan
Feeding Behavior Of Wild And Captive Oxpeckers (Buphagus Spp.): A Case Of Conditional Mutualism, Tiffany B. Plantan
Open Access Dissertations
Mutualisms are delicately balanced partnerships and are increasingly recognized as being fundamental to patterns and processes within ecological systems. Changes to the ecological setting in which such interactions operate can disrupt this balance. By understanding the context-dependent nature of such associations, researchers can begin to understand how changes in the environment can have cascading effects on the entire community within which they occur. Oxpeckers (Buphagus spp.) feed on the ectoparasites of ungulates in sub-Saharan Africa and from the blood of ungulate wounds. Because of this dichotomy in feeding behavior, the role of oxpeckers as consistently beneficial partners of their hosts …
Reef Fish Movements And Marine Reserve Designs, Nicholas A. Farmer
Reef Fish Movements And Marine Reserve Designs, Nicholas A. Farmer
Open Access Dissertations
Movement patterns and space use by mature fishes are critical in determining the effectiveness of marine reserves in conserving spawning stock biomass and/or providing biomass to adjacent fisheries through 'spillover'. Home range sizes, activity patterns, site fidelity and habitat preferences were determined for acoustically-tagged snappers and groupers using a rigorously-calibrated array of omnidirectional hydroacoustic receivers deployed in the diverse coral reef environments of a no-take marine reserve (NTMR) network in the Dry Tortugas, Florida. An individual-based localizing tendency model of reef fish movement was parameterized from fine-scale acoustic telemetry data and integrated into a Spatial Management Performance Assessment (SMPA) simulation …
Towards An Ecosystem Approach For Non-Target Reef Fishes: Habitat Uses And Population Dynamics Of South Floridaparrotfishes (Perciformes: Scaridae), Helena Molina-Ureña
Towards An Ecosystem Approach For Non-Target Reef Fishes: Habitat Uses And Population Dynamics Of South Floridaparrotfishes (Perciformes: Scaridae), Helena Molina-Ureña
Open Access Dissertations
The goal of this research was to develop statistically robust ecosystem-based approaches, while optimizing data acquisition on relatively unexploited fish species in South Florida reefs, i.e., parrotfishes, Family Scaridae, in Biscayne Bay (with seasonal roller frame beam trawl surveys, 1996-2000) and Florida Keys (with annual Reef Fish Visual Censuses, 1997-2001), by following these steps: (I) analysis of information gaps for the stocks, including systematics, biogeography, population dynamics, reproductive ecology, trophodynamics, habitat use, and fisheries dynamics of Western Atlantic parrotfishes; (II) determination of primary research objectives from prioritization in Step I; (III) determination of essential fish habitats, ontogenetic shifts, migrations, and …
Identification And Characterization Of Replication Initiation Defective (Rid) Mutants In Schizosaccharomyces Pombe, Alexandra Monica Locovei
Identification And Characterization Of Replication Initiation Defective (Rid) Mutants In Schizosaccharomyces Pombe, Alexandra Monica Locovei
Open Access Dissertations
Two checkpoint pathways have been described in fission yeast: the intra-S phase checkpoint that is triggered by stalled replication forks and requires the Cds1 protein as the main effector kinase, and the G2/M checkpoint that is activated by DNA damage and requires the Chk1 kinase. Both pathways prevent untimely entry into mitosis, delaying cell cycle progression until DNA damage is repaired. Previously, our laboratory showed that a mutant defective in polymerase ε (Cdc20) requires Chk1, but not Cds1, to maintain cell viability. I set out to test whether other replication mutants are sensitive to the loss of Chk1 or Cds1, …