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Team Medical Decision Making: Available Research And Future Directions, Brian E. Tapscott
Team Medical Decision Making: Available Research And Future Directions, Brian E. Tapscott
Open Access Dissertations
As part of the shift toward team-based care, many clinical decisions are now made by intra- and interprofessional teams. Team medical decision making is a recommended practice that is believed to reduce error and improve clinical judgment. However, surprisingly few studies have examined the accuracy of team decisions and little is known about the efficacy of various team strategies. Consequently, practice guidelines are lacking. To address the paucity of research, this dissertation addresses possible starting points for future studies based on research to date and current practices. Accordingly, Manuscript I will discuss team research from various fields with an emphasis …
Exploring The Incredible 5-Point Scale: Impact On Target Behaviors In Preschool, Beth A. Mcbride Pinheiro
Exploring The Incredible 5-Point Scale: Impact On Target Behaviors In Preschool, Beth A. Mcbride Pinheiro
Open Access Dissertations
In the following experimental study, a multiple-probe, single subject design (SSD) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Incredible 5-Point Scale (Buron & Curtis, 2012) as an intervention tool for a preschool aged child with developmental delays (DD). The scale, originally designed for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) but found through noted experiences to have positive effects for individuals with other disabilities as well, is a teaching tool that aids teachers, therapists, and families in encouraging positive social and behavioral development in individuals (Buron & Curtis, 2012). While not an identified evidence-based practice (EBP) itself, the Incredible 5- …
Welcome To The Club: An Archival Inquiry Into The Dewey Laboratory School As Rhetorical Education, Krysten Manke
Welcome To The Club: An Archival Inquiry Into The Dewey Laboratory School As Rhetorical Education, Krysten Manke
Open Access Dissertations
This project contributes to scholarship extending the traditional scope of rhetorical education. Specifically, this dissertation recovers educational practices and ideas from records documenting the early years of the University of Chicago’s Laboratory School, an experimental elementary school founded and directed by the American pragmatist John Dewey. Researchers have employed John Dewey’s pragmatic philosophy to gain insights into progressive, student-centered composition and rhetoric instruction. However, the field has neglected Dewey’s actual pedagogy as a source for insights into rhetorical education. Using archival analysis methods, this dissertation recovers educational practices from the Laboratory School that were not recognized as rhetorical during their …
Navigating Internal And External Borderlands: The Experience Of Emergent Bilingual Cape Verdean Middle School Students, Abigale E. Jansen
Navigating Internal And External Borderlands: The Experience Of Emergent Bilingual Cape Verdean Middle School Students, Abigale E. Jansen
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this grounded theory research study was to better understand the experiences of emergent bilingual Cape Verdean Middle School students as they navigate internal and external borderlands. This study was conducted in an urban middle school in New England. Nine female, emergent bilingual Cape Verdean middle school students, participated in this study. This study was also completed with the assistance of the school district’s middle school language acquisition coach. The participants contributed to student surveys, focus group discussions, participant observations and member checking. All data was analyzed using coding and grounded theory, which lead to the development of …
Could Stated Political Affiliation Influence A Candidate's Perceived Appropriateness To Attend Graduate School? An Audit Study, Nicholas Zambrotta
Could Stated Political Affiliation Influence A Candidate's Perceived Appropriateness To Attend Graduate School? An Audit Study, Nicholas Zambrotta
Open Access Dissertations
Bias and stereotypes, even in the professional realms are ubiquitous and are unfortunately an inescapable fact of life in society. Psychologists study bias and discrimination in order to more fully understand when it arises, as well as what can be done to confront it. Bias and discrimination researchers have demonstrated that women, racial/ethic minorities, members of the LBGTQ community, as well as other marginalized groups continue to suffer from the effects of discrimination. However, recent investigations have indicated that discrimination based on an individual’s stated political affiliation may also exist. Other researchers point out that political affiliation bias and discrimination …
Polypharmacy In Cancer Patients: Health-Related Quality Of Life, Expenditures, And Adverse Events, Zachary R. Babcock
Polypharmacy In Cancer Patients: Health-Related Quality Of Life, Expenditures, And Adverse Events, Zachary R. Babcock
Open Access Dissertations
Polypharmacy (PP), often defined as the use of five or more medications, is highly prevalent in patients with cancer. As the quantity of medications for treating cancer and comorbid conditions in patients with cancer become more numerous and diverse, it is important to understand the various ways in which patient health and economic outcomes may be adversely affected by prescribed medications. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate three distinct associations between PP and the lives of patients living with cancer by estimating how PP (1) affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL), (2) is associated with healthcare expenditures, and …
“There Is No Racism In Cuba”: A Field Study Of The “Post-Race” Rhetoric Of Modern Cuba, Clarissa J. Walker
“There Is No Racism In Cuba”: A Field Study Of The “Post-Race” Rhetoric Of Modern Cuba, Clarissa J. Walker
Open Access Dissertations
Claims of racelessness in present-day Cuba conflate identities and generate public discourse that misalign with the social realities of black Cubans on the island. Decolonial and critical race theorists argue the necessity of racial-identity language: Unconfronted race-based injustice and unproblematized whiteness are among the unaddressed issues concretized by racial democracy rhetoric. The aim of this qualitative study is to investigate the collective narrative of modern-day Cuban interviewees to determine their epistemological knowledge and current uses for the rhetorics of racelessness; further, the study tracks the island’s century-old rhetorical practices designed to sustain erasure of race rhetoric in Cuba. This work …
To Be Continued: Seriality In New Media, Ryan Engley
To Be Continued: Seriality In New Media, Ryan Engley
Open Access Dissertations
Seriality has maintained a pervasive presence across media for over a century. Despite widespread critical and popular interest into seriality and serial texts, very few book-length theories of seriality have been attempted. Though uncommented upon critically, Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan have both offered insights into seriality that this dissertation puts in dialogue with serial media texts. My dissertation begins in the Victorian era with Freud’s encounter with serial fiction through Charles Dickens. I then turn to looking at new media texts such as the “Twitterature” of Jennifer Egan and Joshua Clover, the first season of Sarah Koenig’s and WEBZ-Chicago’s …
Alexa Or Alex? Gendered Technology’S Influence On Consumer Judgments, Jiyoon An
Alexa Or Alex? Gendered Technology’S Influence On Consumer Judgments, Jiyoon An
Open Access Dissertations
This research attempts to examine when technological products are seen as a gendered agent rather than an object. Based on a review of the literature on consumer- technology relationship and social cognition theory, this research addresses the conditions for gendering of technology, its process and outcomes by using multi-method empirical studies. The stereotype model tests the mediating and moderating hypotheses regarding gendering and its effects on consumer judgments. The disruption model attempts to disrupt the stereotyped gender effects by using a counter-stereotypical gendered cue. The research provides theoretical, managerial, and public policy insights.
School Leader Development: Perceptions Of Skill Development On The Job, Nicole Rose Lyons
School Leader Development: Perceptions Of Skill Development On The Job, Nicole Rose Lyons
Open Access Dissertations
This study explores the ways school leaders develop their leadership skills on the job as they navigate through the increasingly complex demands on them (Drago-Severson, 2009). This study sought to understand how school leaders of varying years of experience perceive their skill development once on the job. Participants in this study are members of an Association of School Principals in New England. Each participant was interviewed, identified their perceived skill development using the Five-Stage Model of Adult Skill Acquisition (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1992) and supplied an artifact that supported their level of skill development. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed. …
Examining Motivational Interviewing Addressing Adolescent Substance Use During Psychiatric Hospitalization, Danielle Hill
Examining Motivational Interviewing Addressing Adolescent Substance Use During Psychiatric Hospitalization, Danielle Hill
Open Access Dissertations
Adolescent suicide is a serious public health issue, given that it is the second most common cause of death among individuals aged 10 to 24 years in the United States. Substance use is among the major risk factors for continued adolescent suicidal behavior and having a substance use disorder (SUD), has been identified as a risk factor for adolescents being readmitted to acute psychiatric care. However, adolescents often do not receive treatment that adequately addresses substance use in the same setting. The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether or not adding a Brief Motivational Interviewing intervention (BMI …
Decreasing The Susceptibility Of Effort Measures To Coaching: The Tomm As An Exemplar, Shannon Kovach
Decreasing The Susceptibility Of Effort Measures To Coaching: The Tomm As An Exemplar, Shannon Kovach
Open Access Dissertations
Malingering has been the focus of numerous studies in forensic psychology and neuropsychology over the last several decades; however, accurate identification of malingerers continues to be a primary concern in these fields, particularly in civil cases that come with costly consequences for erroneous identification. Many measures have been developed over the years to identify individuals attempting to malinger on neuropsychological testing; unfortunately, given the vast amount of information available on the Internet that compromises the security of these tests, they may be particularly vulnerable to attempts to coach, or inform, a potential malingerer on how to avoid being detected by …
Compassion And Well-Being: The Effects Of An Online Filmmediated Compassion Education On Undergraduate Students, Thupten Tendhar
Compassion And Well-Being: The Effects Of An Online Filmmediated Compassion Education On Undergraduate Students, Thupten Tendhar
Open Access Dissertations
An increasing number of college students in the US are reportedly experiencing significant levels of emotional distress and mental health challenges. College students who practice compassion have been found to have significantly lower negative emotions when compared to students who do not practice compassionate thinking. This underscores the need for compassion education programs. However, only a limited number of college students benefit from existing compassion programs because many are too busy to commit to eight or more weeks of such face to face training along with their regular course load and work schedule. This study used a quantitative method with …
Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, And The Role Of Insulin Resistance In Nondiabetic Individuals, Karin A. Garcia
Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, And The Role Of Insulin Resistance In Nondiabetic Individuals, Karin A. Garcia
Open Access Dissertations
The influence of sleep duration on metabolic pathogenic pathways associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus are not well understood but may be operational long before the development of clinical diabetes or even prediabetes is detected. This study was designed to examine in preclinical nondiabetic adults whether the association of insulin sensitivity and postprandial metabolic function is moderated by sleep duration. The sample was comprised of 143 individuals (65% men), aged 18–55 years, who had no diabetes or other diagnosed conditions. Metabolic function outcomes were assessed in response to an OGTT, and two 14-h serial mixed carbohydrate-meal tests administered, over 3 …
Can Digital News Shape Civic Participation? Discussion, Deliberation, And The Civic Potential Of A New Form Of News Delivery, Joy Kathleen Leopold
Can Digital News Shape Civic Participation? Discussion, Deliberation, And The Civic Potential Of A New Form Of News Delivery, Joy Kathleen Leopold
Open Access Dissertations
This study examines the features of an emerging and increasingly popular form of news delivery to assess its potential to influence civic participation. The innovative digital media environment has changed the way that news is produced and consumed, and digital news is consumed primarily through handheld communication devices such as smartphones and tablets. Research has demonstrated that news is an important element in driving civic participation due in part to the ways in which users consume and share news and in part to certain characteristics and features that promote learning, recall, influential discussions, and deliberation among news consumers. This research …
Neuroimaging Of Cognitive Flexibility: Task Validity And Clinical Applications, Dina R. Dajani
Neuroimaging Of Cognitive Flexibility: Task Validity And Clinical Applications, Dina R. Dajani
Open Access Dissertations
A key challenge for cognitive neuroscience is the development and validation of tasks that capture real-world cognitive phenomena and render them suitable for investigation within an MRI environment. Cognitive flexibility is necessary for a range of adaptive behaviors and is associated with optimal life outcomes, but as a psychological construct it has been difficult to operationalize and validate. Crucially, psychometrically validated tasks must be developed prior to their application to clinical populations to investigate the neural substrates of cognitive inflexibility. Here, we address these limitations by adapting a well-validated laboratory measure of cognitive flexibility to the scanner environment (Study I) …
Preschool Teachers' Science Knowledge: Validating The Preschool Teachers' Applied Science Knowledge Survey, Alexandra Danielle Alexander
Preschool Teachers' Science Knowledge: Validating The Preschool Teachers' Applied Science Knowledge Survey, Alexandra Danielle Alexander
Open Access Dissertations
Children are natural scientists, primed to investigate and evaluate their world. However, in the U.S., there are science achievement gaps already by kindergarten that persist through eighth grade. These achievement gaps coupled with stagnant and poor performance on science assessments have led to a current national focus on early science education. A likely contributor to these problems is the limited support that early science educators receive. Young children’s desire to understand their world is supported, nourished, and transformed into rigorous learning by adults. Supporting the adults in classrooms (i.e., early education practitioners) should, therefore, increase children’s learning. The present study …
The Social Context Of Women's Sustained Participation In Activism, Susan Paterson
The Social Context Of Women's Sustained Participation In Activism, Susan Paterson
Open Access Dissertations
Recently, the resurgence of interest in feminist activism has been discussed by media and news outlets. It is still relatively unknown what contextual factors affect sustained participation, as well as how women from different backgrounds sustain activism in the face of compounding oppressions. This grounded theory explores the contexts of sustained participation through two research questions: (1) what are the contextual factors that influence women's sustained participation in activism?, and (2) how is the dynamic between identity and context reflected in sustained participation in activism? Nine women activists in Miami-Dade County were interviewed about their experiences in feminist movements, specifically …
Salient Factors Among Hispanic Parents For Vaccinating Children Against Hpv, Madeline Fernandez
Salient Factors Among Hispanic Parents For Vaccinating Children Against Hpv, Madeline Fernandez
Open Access Dissertations
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among sexually active men and women in the U.S. HPV can lead to several types of cancers (e.g., cervical, penile, and anal cancers) that affect the Hispanic community disproportionately. In the U.S., Hispanic women have the highest rate of HPV incidence and the second highest death rate due to HPV-related cervical cancer, and Hispanic men are most affected by HPV-related penile cancers. In 2006, the HPV vaccine (HPVV) was released and recommended for girls and boys between the ages of nine and 26. Unfortunately, more than a decade …
Novel Methods For Reasoning With Uncertain Hard And Soft Data Using Probabilistic And Belief Theoretic Methods, Rafael Camilo Nunez Sanchez
Novel Methods For Reasoning With Uncertain Hard And Soft Data Using Probabilistic And Belief Theoretic Methods, Rafael Camilo Nunez Sanchez
Open Access Dissertations
Effectively combining multiple and complementary sources of information is becoming one of the most promising paths for increased accuracy and more detailed analysis in numerous applications. Neuroscience, business analytics, military intelligence, and sociology are among the areas that could significantly benefit from properly processing diverse data sources. However, traditional methods for combining multiple sources of information are based on slow or impractical methods that rely either on vast amounts of manual processing or on suboptimal representations of data. Moreover, most of the existing methods are not well suited for dealing with the increasing amount of human-generated data. We introduce an …
Psychiatric Severity And Hiv Risk In Adults With Mental Illness, Brady E. Yocom
Psychiatric Severity And Hiv Risk In Adults With Mental Illness, Brady E. Yocom
Open Access Dissertations
Adults with mental illness are at elevated risk of contracting HIV. To identify especially vulnerable subgroups of this population and to develop effective HIV-prevention interventions, a better understanding of the linkages between psychopathology and HIV risk is needed. The current study was designed to determine if factor-analytically derived indices of psychiatric severity based on MCMI-III scale scores were linked with HIV risk behavior and putative cognitive-behavioral mediators of risk behavior, and to determine if cognitive-behavioral factors mediated the expected relationships between psychiatric severity and HIV risk behavior. The sample included 280 adult men and women with mental illness. Greater general …
The Design And Implementation Of A Comprehensive Back Injury Prevention Program And Development Of A Vo2max Non-Exercise Regression Model For Emergency Services Personnel, Tamer Hatem Elattar
The Design And Implementation Of A Comprehensive Back Injury Prevention Program And Development Of A Vo2max Non-Exercise Regression Model For Emergency Services Personnel, Tamer Hatem Elattar
Open Access Dissertations
Back injury prevention programs are cost efficient typically by reducing the num-ber of work-related injuries and lost work days in both fire fighters. Injury rates and sick leave usage can be reduced, thereby controlling overtime costs associated with filling vacant positions or utilizing other agencies for response. The measurement of fitness using exercise models is an important part of any fitness program and also the firefighters’ annual fitness evaluation. Those exercise models require cost, time and expose firefighters to risks of injury. We examined the difference in perceptions and knowledge about musculoskeletal injuries among emergency workers personnel with an emphasis …
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Trauma, And Stress: A Network Approach, Julia Yang Carbonella
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Trauma, And Stress: A Network Approach, Julia Yang Carbonella
Open Access Dissertations
Experience of traumatic life events (TLEs) has consistently been identified as a risk factor that can trigger and exacerbate obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS). At the clinical level of severity, OCD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are also highly comorbid at rates greater than in the general population. However, much remains unclear about the differential interrelations between symptoms of OCD and PTSD, as well as the influence of a traumatic history on the connectedness of hallmark features of OCD. The overarching study applied network analysis – a recently developed tool that can help shed light on symptom structure and relations – …
Alcohol-Induced Developmental Defects In Octavolateral Organs Of Zebrafish: A Sensitive Period And Mechanisms, Lilliann Yvette Zamora
Alcohol-Induced Developmental Defects In Octavolateral Organs Of Zebrafish: A Sensitive Period And Mechanisms, Lilliann Yvette Zamora
Open Access Dissertations
Fetal alcohol exposure is known to cause an array of deficits (fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, FASD) that may manifest as lifelong physical, cognitive, and behavioral anomalies of human development. However, when and how alcohol specifically affects the auditory system is still largely unknown. I hypothesized that embryonic alcohol exposure at specific time periods would affect the morphology and function of the octavolateral system (the inner ear and lateral line). In addition, I also hypothesized that biological processes occurring at the time of alcohol exposure, such as the neural crest and FGF signaling, would be adversely affected. This is the first …
Influence Of Enrollment Management Strategies At Independent Colleges And Universities Of Florida, Melody Dunbar
Influence Of Enrollment Management Strategies At Independent Colleges And Universities Of Florida, Melody Dunbar
Open Access Dissertations
Effective enrollment management strategies are of utmost importance to ensure the health of higher education institutions. College student demographics are evolving and are especially challenging for colleges and universities. This means that colleges and universities must stay abreast of student needs and best practices to maintain student enrollments. However, while college attendance nationally has been increasing, healthy enrollment numbers vary greatly across certain institutions. In a highly competitive marketplace, smaller, private, independent schools have been especially vulnerable. Yet research has been limited to help guide these institutions that enroll a substantial proportion of college students and are vital to the …
Effects Of Psychological And Structural-Level Factors On Sexual Risk And Sti Incidence In High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men, Calvin J. Fitch
Effects Of Psychological And Structural-Level Factors On Sexual Risk And Sti Incidence In High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men, Calvin J. Fitch
Open Access Dissertations
Men who have sex with men (MSM) with histories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are at disproportionate risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV. Psychological variables explain part of this; however, standing alone, they fail to account for all of the increased risk. This secondary data analysis investigates the relationship between psychological factors (PTSD and substance use), structural factors (government benefits, unstable housing and neighborhood crime), unprotected sex and STI incidence and also investigates possible moderation effects of race/ethnicity. MSM from Boston and Miami (N= 296) were recruited for a larger RCT testing the effect of Cognitive Processing Therapy …
Exploring Barriers, Beliefs, Knowledge, Experiences, And Emotions Related To Yoga Practice Among A Racially And Ethnically Diverse Sample, Denise Simão Marques
Exploring Barriers, Beliefs, Knowledge, Experiences, And Emotions Related To Yoga Practice Among A Racially And Ethnically Diverse Sample, Denise Simão Marques
Open Access Dissertations
The standard approach to ameliorating mental health difficulties in the United States may not be effective for racial and ethnic minority populations, as these individuals are more likely than non-Latino/a White individuals to prematurely withdraw from mental health services (Chow, Jaffee, & Snowden, 2003; Miranda, Azocar, Organista, Dwyer, & Arean, 2003). Yoga may be a viable intervention to address the large disparity in mental health services provided to these populations, as it is effective in ameliorating mental health difficulties across racial and ethnic populations and can be practiced in the non-medical settings. However, research suggests that racial and ethnic minority …
Stem+L: Investigating Adolescents’ Participation Trajectories In A Collaborative Multimodal Composing Environment, Shiyan Jiang
Stem+L: Investigating Adolescents’ Participation Trajectories In A Collaborative Multimodal Composing Environment, Shiyan Jiang
Open Access Dissertations
This multiple case study investigated adolescents’ participation patterns and trajectories in an integrated STEM plus digital Literacy (STEM+L) project. The project aims to broaden adolescents’ participation in integrated STEM+L practices. In the project, fifth to eighth graders worked in small groups of three to four to create multimodal science fictions. In this study, I explored forms and degrees of students’ participation through two theoretical perspectives: disciplinary identity development and community of practice. The former provides a necessary lens for investigating forms of participation in three dimensions: attitudes and interests toward disciplinary roles, disciplinary knowledge and practices, recognized by oneself or …
Reframing The Role Of Size In Transformation: A Participatory Theory Development Study With Community Organizers And Activists, Natalie Kivell
Reframing The Role Of Size In Transformation: A Participatory Theory Development Study With Community Organizers And Activists, Natalie Kivell
Open Access Dissertations
This Critical Participatory Action Research (C-PAR) study built a contextually-based, grassroots-developed, and academically informed theory of transformative change in partnership with five community co-researchers. To do this, I constructed a custom methodology which I have called Participatory Theory Development (PTD). This methodology builds on tenets of C-PAR, the centering of marginal knowledge(s) proposed by Dutta (2016), and literature on the decolonization of research and hierarchies of knowledge (Tuhiwai-Smith, 2012). The aim was to test an epistemically rich theory development process by centering community knowledge(s) in the construction of transferrable theory. This study empirically examined and built on a previously developed …
(Re) Mapping The Black Atlantic: Abject Blackness And Arabness Across The Atlantic In African-American, French And Maghrebian Literature, Hicham Mazouz
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation draws on a wide range of U.S. and Francophone postcolonial theories and criticism, including that of Omi and Winant on Racial Formation, Julia Kristeva on abjection and Pascal Blanchard on the construction of the "indigène". My research aims at critically envisioning how the "racial formation" of the North African subject within the French colonial (and post/neo-colonial) realm was part of an ideological process of Arabness. This can be also conceived in a structural homology with the notion of Blackness in the U.S., and how this constructed racialization was transferred to and mediated by post-colonial Maghrebian literature. My dissertation …