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Analyses Of Parent And Teacher Responses On The Stress Survey Schedule For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Lisa A. Femia
Analyses Of Parent And Teacher Responses On The Stress Survey Schedule For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Lisa A. Femia
Open Access Dissertations
To date, the Stress Survey Schedule (SSS) is the only survey that comprises items that are highly relevant to problems often experienced by people with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Information regarding the validity of this instrument, however, is limited. The current study collected information from parents and teachers of children between the ages of 3-18 with a primary diagnosis of ASD from multiple sites using the SSS. Convergent and divergent validity estimates were examined using Pearson product-moment correlations coefficients framed in a multi-trait--multi-method matrix. In addition, reference samples were developed for teacher and parent ratings, providing means and standard deviations …
Stage Profiles And Predictors Of Exercise In A Multiple Risk Sample, Gabriela Dye
Stage Profiles And Predictors Of Exercise In A Multiple Risk Sample, Gabriela Dye
Open Access Dissertations
Cluster and Latent class analyses were used to examine within Stage profiles of individuals at-risk for three behaviors based on their perceived Pros, Cons, and Self-efficacy. In addition, Structural equation and Latent variable modeling were used to examine the predictors of 12 months exercise participation. The results of Cluster and Latent class analyses did not replicate the results of previous studies, which delineated at least four distinct profiles within the Stages. Only two to three profiles emerged within each Stage as well as within the full dataset. Most two-cluster/class, and three-cluster/class solutions consisted of at least one cluster with extremely …
Personal Motivation, Body Image, Health Behavior And Stage Of Exercising, Erica Rose Checko
Personal Motivation, Body Image, Health Behavior And Stage Of Exercising, Erica Rose Checko
Open Access Dissertations
Despite the well-documented links between regular physical activity and health in both the mental and physical domains, facilitation of exercise adherence is a major practical issue in health promotion. In today's society, many people are either sedentary or too infrequently active to accrue health benefits. Previous research suggests that intrinsic motivation plays a particularly salient role in the exercise behavior process and may be implicated in long-term maintenance. The primary goal of this study is to identify the motivational factors that contribute to regular exercise. A major focus will be on the potential relationship of motivational factors and body image …
Parental Involvement As Predictor Of 9 Th Grade Latino Students' Intention To Complete High School Mediated By Student School Beliefs After A One Year Follow-Up, Jasmine A. Mena
Open Access Dissertations
Latinos, currently the largest ethnic minority group in the U.S. comprising 12.5% of the population, less likely to graduate from high school than Asians, Whites, and African Americans. Due to the grave implications of low education for economic and social opportunities, an investigation of the variables related to intent to graduate among Latino youth was conducted. The focus of this study was to increase our understanding of the role parents play in students' formation of their intentions to complete high school. A survey was conducted with 137 Latino high school students in 2004. The survey involved questions about their perceptions …
An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Community-Based Participatory Research Projects In Producing Intended Health Outcomes, John Won Lee
An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Community-Based Participatory Research Projects In Producing Intended Health Outcomes, John Won Lee
Open Access Dissertations
Although community-based participatory research (CBPR) projects continue to grow in popularity, their effectiveness in producing positive health outcomes is not well understood. Through the examination of the outcome data of such projects, the current study sought to (i) answer the research question, "what is the evidence that CBPR projects can generate intended health outcomes?" (ii) identify and assess attributes of CBPR initiatives which may be related to the production of positive health outcomes, and (iii) test the research hypothesis: the level of community participation in defining the research question combined with the level community participation in decision making positively predicts …
The Cross-Generational Influence Of Parental Authority And Acculturation On Parenting Of Cape Verdean Immigrants, Silas Otniel Rodrigues Pinto
The Cross-Generational Influence Of Parental Authority And Acculturation On Parenting Of Cape Verdean Immigrants, Silas Otniel Rodrigues Pinto
Open Access Dissertations
To what extent do children's experiences with different parenting styles and cultural circumstances influence their ultimate parenting practices and attitudes? Across differing cultures, there is a mutual agreement that parents are the most influential means of transmitting values, principles and behaviors to their children. The nurturing, supportive style of parenting has been associated with positive outcomes in children. However, parenting styles and the degree of imposed parental authority may vary and can be influenced by cultural, social, and economic circumstances. In addition, parents of ethnically different backgrounds in the United States may have to modify their values and practices pending …
Latino Clients' Perspectives On Mental Health Services Provided At A Local Community Health Center, Natalie K. Bellman
Latino Clients' Perspectives On Mental Health Services Provided At A Local Community Health Center, Natalie K. Bellman
Open Access Dissertations
The aim of this study was to investigate the perspectives of Latino clients at a community health center regarding various aspects of the mental health services they were receiving. The sharing of the perspectives of these individuals allows their collective voice to be heard in order to provide justification for the necessary systemic changes to occur so that they can have access to the mental health services that best meet their needs. A qualitative, phenomenological research design utilizing an interview guide was used to allow the researcher the opportunity to hear first-hand from individuals about their own perspectives, and allow …
Enhancing Hardiness In Urban Adolescent Males: A Hardiness Curriculum, Lea Beth Lockwood
Enhancing Hardiness In Urban Adolescent Males: A Hardiness Curriculum, Lea Beth Lockwood
Open Access Dissertations
This exploratory study examined the impact of a school-based psycho-educational group intervention for 9th grade urban adolescent males. The group intervention was created to enhance measured levels of hardiness attitudes, self-esteem, and perceived social support in a sample (N = 51) of high-risk adolescent males attending an alternative high school in Providence, RI. Approximately half of the sample (n = 22) attended the eight-week intervention. Participants were given the Personal Views Survey – Third Edition, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and the Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale as both pre- and posttests. Although no impact on …
Community-Based And Collaborative Management Of Coral Reefs And Coastal Resources In Palau, Elizabeth Matthews
Community-Based And Collaborative Management Of Coral Reefs And Coastal Resources In Palau, Elizabeth Matthews
Open Access Dissertations
This study examines community-based and collaborative management of coral reefs in Palau through three manuscripts, each examining particular coastal resource management activities at a different scale of partnership and interaction: local protected area management at the state level, ecosystem management at the inter-state level, and migratory species (marine turtles) management at the state/national government level. In each instance, the social context of resource management was described using factors drawn from Richard Pollnac's Rapid Assessment of Management Parameters (RAMP) for coral reefs, among others. Ethnographic methods, especially key informant interviews and targeted questionnaires, were used in this study. A comparative analysis …
Vocal Health Of Middle School And High School Choral Directors, Sandra M. Schwartz
Vocal Health Of Middle School And High School Choral Directors, Sandra M. Schwartz
Open Access Dissertations
Teachers are considered professional voice users because they depend on the regular and uninterrupted use of the voice. The nature of teaching requires more extensive use of the voice than other professions. Therefore, teachers are faced with a greater risk of developing voice problems. In addition to using the voice to present content to students, teachers must also manage the classroom and student behavior. All of these activities have potential to compromise vocal integrity. The purpose of this study was to examine the vocal health of selected middle school and high school choral directors. Specifically, it explored relationships between vocal …
The Effects Of Participation In Literature Circles On Reading Comprehension, Jodi Crum Marshall
The Effects Of Participation In Literature Circles On Reading Comprehension, Jodi Crum Marshall
Open Access Dissertations
Research supports that comprehension is a vital component of reading and life-long literacy, and there are many instructional approaches for teaching reading comprehension. Literature circles are a popular approach which are widely used but have not yet been studied empirically. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of participation in literature circles on the reading comprehension of middle school students. More specifically, the study examined whether there was a difference in the reading comprehension scores of students after participating in literature circles versus after participating in directed reading activity, and whether there were interactions of type of …
Evaluating A Parent Training Program: Scale Analysis And The Effects Of Systematic Training For Effective Parenting (Step) On Child And Parent Behavior, Anne E. Damrad
Open Access Dissertations
Two studies examined archival pretest and posttest data collected from 490 parents who participated in a 7-week Systematic Training for Effective Parenting (STEP; Dinkmeyer & McKay, 1976) program in a large, suburban, public school district in Rhode Island between 1994 and 1999. The first study cross-validated the underlying structure of selected subscales from the Behavior Rating Profile, Second Edition (BRP-2; Brown & Hammill, 1990) and STEP Parenting Assessment Technique (SPAT; Dinkmeyer, 1981). Principal components analyses revealed two components (Externalizing Behavior and Internalizing Behavior) with good to very good coefficient alphas on a revised version of the BRP Parent Rating Scale, …
Information Processing In Consumer Relationships: The Effect Of Emotional Commitment, Christy Ashley
Information Processing In Consumer Relationships: The Effect Of Emotional Commitment, Christy Ashley
Open Access Dissertations
Consumer researchers have a vested interest understanding what drives profitable consumer relationships with brands. In the past, researchers have uncovered that emotional bonds with brands are a key drivers of consumer behaviors which impact profitability, including switching, price sensitivity, and referrals. Researchers have also uncovered that commitment based on emotions, also known as emotional commitment, leads to more sustainable relationships than commitment to brands based on cognition. In a related area of interest, researchers have explored how consumers process information when they are committed to brands. Researchers are interested in how a consumer's motivation to process brand information helps to …
The Relationship Between Tactical Knowledge And Tactical Performance For Varying Levels Of Expertise, Robin Kirkwood Auld
The Relationship Between Tactical Knowledge And Tactical Performance For Varying Levels Of Expertise, Robin Kirkwood Auld
Open Access Dissertations
This study examines the relationship between off-the-ball tactical knowledge and off-the-ball tactical performance of college-age female participants' (n = 34) with varying levels of expertise in territorial games. Tactical knowledge was measured using the Tactical Knowledge Instrument (TKI), which assessed participant responses when solving a "maintaining possession" tactical problem on a game board. The Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) measured participants' tactical performance while they played a directional keep-away game in the gymnasium. Analysis of variance tests revealed a significant difference between the tactical knowledge scores between Expert and Novice participants F(2,31) = 6.09, p = .0059. As the expertise …
Sexual Identity Construction Among Lesbian, Bisexual And Unlabeled Women, Kelly Brooks
Sexual Identity Construction Among Lesbian, Bisexual And Unlabeled Women, Kelly Brooks
Open Access Dissertations
Current research and theory regarding women's experience of sexuality depict more flexibility and variability in sexual identity development and self-labeling than generally accounted for in traditional sexual identity models. The present study examined lesbian and bisexual women's use of sexual identity labels, attitudes about sexual fluidity and self-labeling, and patterns associated with sexual identity processes. Two hundred nineteen women with same-sex attractions or experiences participated in the study, completing an anonymous online survey. The majority of participants (85.4%) identified as White, with ages ranging from 18 to 69. One hundred eighteen women identified as lesbian, 59 as bisexual, 5 as …
Exploring The Experiences Of Gay, Lesbian, And Bisexual Adolescents In School: Lessons For School Psychologists, Marjorie Cooper-Nicols
Exploring The Experiences Of Gay, Lesbian, And Bisexual Adolescents In School: Lessons For School Psychologists, Marjorie Cooper-Nicols
Open Access Dissertations
This study utilized modified grounded theory methodology with gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) adolescents to explore three research questions: (1) How have schools responded to GLB youth? (2) What are some of the factors that help or hinder development of a healthy sexual identity for GLB adolescents? and (3) How does being involved in a community GLB youth organization impact GLB youth? Prior research has demonstrated that schools are often hostile environments for GLB youth. With little recognition and support, GLB adolescents are a group at risk for depression, suicide, substance abuse, violence, and school failure. Participants in this study …
Youth At Risk For Alcohol Use And Smoking: A Longitudinal Examination Of Profiles Of Prevention, Andrea Eastwood Paiva
Youth At Risk For Alcohol Use And Smoking: A Longitudinal Examination Of Profiles Of Prevention, Andrea Eastwood Paiva
Open Access Dissertations
The current study was designed to examine the Profiles of Prevention among non-drinking and non-smoking adolescents. Research across age groups (elementary, middle and high school), populations (U.S., U.K., and Israel), and substances (tobacco, alcohol and other drugs) has consistently identified four profiles of non-users who vary in their risks for substance use: (1) Most Protected from substance use; (2) Most Tempted to use substances; (3) Most Negative about staying substance free; and (4) Least Positive about being substance free. These profiles have demonstrated both internal and external validity in cross-sectional data. This longitudinal research focuses on students who remain substance …
"Defining A New Normal": An Exploration Of Psychosocial Adjustment In Young Adult Survivors Of Adolescent Cancer, Kristen J. Quinlan
"Defining A New Normal": An Exploration Of Psychosocial Adjustment In Young Adult Survivors Of Adolescent Cancer, Kristen J. Quinlan
Open Access Dissertations
Psycho-oncology has been limited by inconsistent definitions of adjustment, leading to inconsistent information about the correlates of adjustment among adult survivors of pediatric cancer. Further, adolescent survivors are seldom broken out for special analysis, even though there are vast medical and developmental differences between those diagnosed during adolescence and those diagnosed at a younger age. The current study utilized a mixed method approach examine adjustment with 7 female and 5 male survivors of cancer who were diagnosed during adolescence. Thematic analysis revealed that adjustment is the process of changing one's perspective or redefining oneself as one works to determine a …
An Examination Of The Relationship Between Perceived Parental Involvement And Adolescent Eating And Exercise Habits, Pamela Lea Steadman
An Examination Of The Relationship Between Perceived Parental Involvement And Adolescent Eating And Exercise Habits, Pamela Lea Steadman
Open Access Dissertations
Pediatric obesity is a major public health concern with alarming increases in prevalence rates over the past three decades, despite improvements in treatment and prevention efforts. Much of the focus on pediatric obesity prevention has revolved around children; however, little attention has been targeted toward adolescents. The current study is the first to examine the contribution of parental and adolescent perceptions of parental involvement in adolescent eating and exercise habits. Forty-six adolescent-parent dyads completed measures of perceived parental concern, responsibility, control and pressure exerted over adolescent health behaviors (AHB). Adolescents completed measures of current physical activity, eating habits, weight control …
Social Capital And The Intent To Graduate Among Black And Hispanic High School Students, Erica E. Conners
Social Capital And The Intent To Graduate Among Black And Hispanic High School Students, Erica E. Conners
Open Access Dissertations
Blacks and Hispanics have the highest high school drop out rates in the United States. The purpose of this study was to explore variables derived from "social capital" theory for their potential impact on Black and Hispanic students' intention to graduate high school. This study hypothesized that, beyond academic ability alone, Black and Hispanic adolescents respond to the level of "social capital" they perceive and experience from their families and school environments. Three "social capital" variables, parental educational encouragement, school responsiveness and extracurricular engagement, were examined for their contribution to intention to graduate among these populations. The participants were 181 …
High School Teachers' Attitudes Toward Inclusion Of Students With Special Needs, Catherine Ernst
High School Teachers' Attitudes Toward Inclusion Of Students With Special Needs, Catherine Ernst
Open Access Dissertations
The movement to include students with disabilities in general education classrooms has experienced a shift toward thinking about restructuring of schools (Lipsky & Gartner, 1996; Stainback & Stainback, 1996). This shift is reflected in the growing body of literature about general educators' perspectives regarding inclusion (Avramidis & Norwich, 2002; Balboni & Pedrabissi, 2000; Van Reusen, Shoho & Barker, 2001; Wilczenski, 1992). Teacher attitudes are of particular importance because they will be implementing inclusion on a daily basis in the classroom (Hasazi, Johnston, Liggett & Schattman, 1994). The purpose of the present study was twofold. The first involved the development of …
Self, Other And The Sociopolitical In Politically Active Women Survivors Of Domestic Violence, Molly Ann Hedrick
Self, Other And The Sociopolitical In Politically Active Women Survivors Of Domestic Violence, Molly Ann Hedrick
Open Access Dissertations
This research examined experiences with interpersonal, intrapersonal, and structural violence in politically active women survivors of domestic violence. This study also explored how (if at all) these women described processes which Freire (2003) called critical consciousness and liberating action, and what these women can tell us about the processes of change. Participants were 16 survivors of domestic violence recruited from Sisters Overcoming Abusive Relationships (SOAR) in Rhode Island. SOAR is an organization run entirely by survivors of domestic violence and provides political activism with the goal of ending domestic violence. I utilized a mixed-methods, transformative and social constructivist concurrent design. …
Exercise Behavior Among Women Post-Myocardial Infarction: Applying The Transtheoretical Model Of Behavior Change, Janet K. Dombroski
Exercise Behavior Among Women Post-Myocardial Infarction: Applying The Transtheoretical Model Of Behavior Change, Janet K. Dombroski
Open Access Dissertations
Exercise adherence among women post-myocardial infarction (MI) is a major health issue. The lack of exercise adherence prevents women from attaining the multiple benefits of exercise and exacerbates cardiovascular disease. Factors identified as determining adherence to therapeutic regimen for women post-MI include personal factors, interpersonal factors, and environmental factors. A descriptive survey design utilizing the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1982) was used to investigate the relationships among stage of change for exercise behavior, processes of change, decisional balance (pros and cons), and self-efficacy for exercise in women post-MI. The following research questions were addressed: (a) …
Assessment Of The Impacts Of Tourism Development In Coastal Communities In Belize, Amy Diedrich
Assessment Of The Impacts Of Tourism Development In Coastal Communities In Belize, Amy Diedrich
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to assess the environmental, socio-cultural, and economic impacts of tourism in coastal communities in Belize. In particular, the objective is to improve our understanding of how to promote tourism that provides maximum benefits to local people and the marine environment, while having minimal negative impacts upon them. A multi-method ethnographic approach was used to gather extensive qualitative and quantitative data from six coastal communities in Belize during the period of March--November 2005. The majority of the data were collected using survey instruments for local people and tourists. These data were analyzed statistically and substantiated …
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of An Anger Management Program In A Detention Facility, Heather M. Frank
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of An Anger Management Program In A Detention Facility, Heather M. Frank
Open Access Dissertations
Offenders struggle with anger management not only before prison, but also while incarcerated (e.g., difficulty with prison adjustment, institutional behavioral problems). For these reasons, a number of correctional institutions offer anger management programming. However, the literature of these outcome studies within corrections is limited (Dowden, Blanchette, & Serin, 1999). This study is a program evaluation of psycho-educational anger management/substance abuse groups provided to male federal detainees at a privately owned detention facility in the northeastern United States. Objectives of the study were to: understand the demographics of this offender population, assess the effectiveness of the program, and explore participants' group …
The Horror Of Looking: Lynching And The Empathetic Eye, Greta Methot
The Horror Of Looking: Lynching And The Empathetic Eye, Greta Methot
Open Access Dissertations
During the summer of 2000, the New York Historical Society enjoyed its "biggest continuing attendance of any exhibition in years," with a collection of photographs entitled, Without Sanctuary: Photographs and Postcards of Lynching in America (Valdez 88). The more than seventy images featured, all taken between 1880 and 1961, illustrate in gruesome detail, a vicious chapter in American history. This exhibit, which is still making the rounds at U.S. art museums and was reproduced on the Internet and in a $60 coffee-table book, offers tremendous opportunity for critical thinking about the intersections of race, spectatorship, and violence in America. My …
Objectification Or Liberation? Bisexual And Lesbian Women's Experiences With Physical Appearance, Amy Black
Objectification Or Liberation? Bisexual And Lesbian Women's Experiences With Physical Appearance, Amy Black
Open Access Dissertations
Using a multi-method qualitative design and analytic approaches derived from grounded theory, the current study examined the appearance standards within lesbian and bisexual communities and how these norms relate to lesbian and bisexual women's psychological experiences with physical appearance. The study investigated how the women's diverse social identities relate to these experiences. Participants consisted of a relatively diverse sample of 24 bisexual (n = 10) and lesbian (n = 14) women who took part in 1 of 4 focus groups. From this sample, 4 bisexual women and 6 lesbians were recruited to participate in in-depth interviews. Participants represented a broad …
The Rhetorical War: Class, Race And Redemption In Spanish-American War Fiction. Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Richard Harding Davis And Sutton Griggs, David Scott Kramer
The Rhetorical War: Class, Race And Redemption In Spanish-American War Fiction. Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Richard Harding Davis And Sutton Griggs, David Scott Kramer
Open Access Dissertations
One of the primary purposes and contributions of this study is to recover and discover a place in literary history for an under-examined genre: fiction of the Spanish-American War of 1898. While scholars have extensively described the general contours of Spanish-American War rhetoric, its literary representations have been largely overlooked. I argue that a close analysis of the fictions of Stephen Crane (1871-1900), Richard Harding Davis (1864-1916), Frank Norris (1870-1902) and Sutton Griggs (1872-1933) complicates our understanding of the Spanish-American War and the rhetoric it generated. Compared to the bloody wars immediately preceding and following it, the short, decisive and …
"Man With Box", David D. Malley
"Man With Box", David D. Malley
Open Access Dissertations
Dating back to Edgar Allen Poe, short story criticism has pointed to the genre's ultimate and crucial goal of achieving an effect upon the reader. Indeed, a short story's effect upon the reader is integral to an explication of the story's themes. Further, the short story in its purest form visits upon the reader the effect of experiencing a perception of reality which lacks those psychic defense mechanisms that dominate our perceptions in everyday life. One can achieve the effect spoken of above in a number of ways. However, given my chosen themes in this collection of stories, the majority …
What's Wrong And Who Cares? Reader Reaction To Error, Susan Rashid Horn
What's Wrong And Who Cares? Reader Reaction To Error, Susan Rashid Horn
Open Access Dissertations
As much as readers profess to be bothered by its presence, little is known about error except that it is irksome. This study demonstrates that error has practical consequences. While error may not significantly affect reading comprehension, it does affect reading time and reading patterns, and its presence correlates with a negative construction of the writer. Prior studies about error have been conducted in formats where errors are highlighted and readers are queried about the degree of "bothersomeness." But Williams has demonstrated there is a difference between reading for error and reading for content. So in this study, errors were …