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Emotional Intelligence And Coping Styles: Exploring The Relationship Between Attachment And Distress, Victoria L. Burns
Emotional Intelligence And Coping Styles: Exploring The Relationship Between Attachment And Distress, Victoria L. Burns
Open Access Dissertations
The current study examined the roles of emotional intelligence (attention, clarity, and repair) and coping styles (reactive and suppressive) in the relationship between adult attachment and interpersonal and psychological distress. Participants were 233 undergraduate students from a Southeastern university who completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, including the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 and the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. This study utilized latent structural equation modeling in order to explore the well-established link between adult attachment and distress. Results support the notion that both emotional intelligence and coping styles are important variables to include when conceptualizing the relationship between attachment style and psychological …
Emotional Expression And Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact On Hiv/Aids-Targeted Quality Of Life, Rachel A. Ruffin
Emotional Expression And Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact On Hiv/Aids-Targeted Quality Of Life, Rachel A. Ruffin
Open Access Dissertations
Expressive writing has been linked to positive psychological and health outcomes in general and medical populations, but research examining this intervention in HIV is limited. Higher levels of emotional expression (EE) and depth processing (DP) during writing have been linked to better health status in HIV. Expressive writing has been shown to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in other populations, but has not been examined in HIV. HRQoL is often compromised in HIV+ individuals and therefore improvements in this area are an appropriate goal of psychosocial interventions. This longitudinal study used HLM analyses to examine the relationship between levels …
Why Latinas Exercise: A Multi-Method Exploration Of Motivators Using Participatory Photography Methodology, Amber Lea Vermeesch
Why Latinas Exercise: A Multi-Method Exploration Of Motivators Using Participatory Photography Methodology, Amber Lea Vermeesch
Open Access Dissertations
Latinas are at risk for not engaging in optimal exercise and are at greater risk than other ethnic groups for being overweight and suffering deleterious health consequences. The current study’s researcher utilizes pedometers, exercise logs, surveys, and participatory photography to determine exercise motivators and barriers to exercise among Latinas. The specific aims of the presented research were to identify predictors of exercise, to investigate the relationship between motivation types, self-determination and acculturation among Latinas, and employ participatory photography methodology to better understand Latina’s exercise motivators and barriers. The methodology included both quantitative and qualitative methods. Exercise motivation types (Amotivation, Extrinsic, …
Postural Compensations And Subjective Complaints Due To Backpack Loads And Wear Time In Schoolchildren Aged 8 To 11, Frances Elizabeth Kistner
Postural Compensations And Subjective Complaints Due To Backpack Loads And Wear Time In Schoolchildren Aged 8 To 11, Frances Elizabeth Kistner
Open Access Dissertations
Backpacks are used by more than 90% of schoolchildren worldwide and over 40 million students in the United States on a regular basis. The carriage of loaded backpacks is associated with kinematic and physiological changes, as well as complaints of neck and back pain. Since a history of backpain in childhood is the strongest predictor of having musculoskeletal discomfort and back pain as an adult, development of back pain due to backpack use is of prognostic concern. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the effects of backpack weights (up to 20% body weight (BW)) on children’s posture, subjective …
Innovative Methods To Determine Material Properties Of Cartilaginous Tissues And Application For Tissue Engineering, Tai-Yi Yuan
Innovative Methods To Determine Material Properties Of Cartilaginous Tissues And Application For Tissue Engineering, Tai-Yi Yuan
Open Access Dissertations
Low back pain is one of the major health concerns in the US. It affects up to 80% of the population at some time during their lives. It not only causes discomfort to patients and affects their physical ability but also has a huge economic impact on society. Although the cause of low back pain is still poorly understood, it is implicated that degeneration of the intervertebral disc is the primary factor. Currently, researchers are trying to use tissue engineering approaches to develop new treatments capable of removing the degenerated disk and replacing it with a biological substitute. However, to …
A Health Empowerment Theory Approach To Pregnant Adolescents 18 And 19 Years Of Age In The Bahamas, Shirley E. Curtis
A Health Empowerment Theory Approach To Pregnant Adolescents 18 And 19 Years Of Age In The Bahamas, Shirley E. Curtis
Open Access Dissertations
In The Bahamas between the years 2,000 to 2007, the percentage of single mothers under the age of 20 years accounted for 11.3 – 12.7% of all births in the country. Mothers between the ages of 10 -14 years accounted for 0.1 – 0.4 % of all births and mothers age 15 -19 years accounted for 11.2 – 12.6% of all births during the same time period. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of empowerment among pregnant adolescents living in The Bahamas aged 18-19 years by testing the levels of autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, …
Associations Of The Oxytocin Receptor Gene (Oxtr) And Emotional Reactions To Betrayal In An Iterated Prisoner’S Dilemma, Benjamin A. Tabak
Associations Of The Oxytocin Receptor Gene (Oxtr) And Emotional Reactions To Betrayal In An Iterated Prisoner’S Dilemma, Benjamin A. Tabak
Open Access Dissertations
Recent research has shown that variation in the gene encoding for the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) contributes to individual differences in social-cognitive and emotional functioning in both clinical and non-clinical populations. OXTR has been associated with prosocial behavior, positive and negative emotionality, empathy, maternal sensitivity, and stress reactivity. To date, no study has investigated OXTR in the context of behavioral and emotional reactions to betrayals in trust. The present study examined how variation in 10 SNPs on OXTR may contribute to individual differences in behavior, emotional reactions, and perceptions following a betrayal in trust in an iterated prisoner’s dilemma game. Following …
The Relationships Among Medication And Low-Salt Diet Adherence, Beliefs About Medicines, And Psychosocial Variables Among Individuals With Heart Failure., Kristen A. Farrell
The Relationships Among Medication And Low-Salt Diet Adherence, Beliefs About Medicines, And Psychosocial Variables Among Individuals With Heart Failure., Kristen A. Farrell
Open Access Dissertations
Heart failure (HF) is a debilitating chronic illness that afflicts millions of Americans and carries a poor prognosis, likely due to insufficient medication and low-salt diet adherence, which exacerbates HF symptoms and leads to frequent rehospitalizations. Specific reasons underlying non-adherence among HF patients are unclear. Studies investigating reasons for adherence among HF patients have shown that correlates of poor adherence include demographic (i.e., age, income), functional (i.e., NYHA), and psychosocial (i.e., social support, depression) variables. Research studies among individuals with chronic diseases suggest that an individual’s beliefs about medicines may explain adherence, but this research is limited among HF patients. …
The Role Of Psychological Distress, Eating Styles, Dietary Intake, And Gender In Cardiometabolic Risk, Virginia Tai Coryell
The Role Of Psychological Distress, Eating Styles, Dietary Intake, And Gender In Cardiometabolic Risk, Virginia Tai Coryell
Open Access Dissertations
Approximately one-third of U.S. adults are at increased risk for life-threatening diseases such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Such individuals are considered healthy without any diagnosed cardiometabolic conditions but may have a constellation of cardiometabolic complications that include obesity, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia. When most of these preclinical conditions comorbidly occur, the condition has been referred to as metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is considered to reflect one or more early pathophysiological processes in cardiometabolic disease; however, the extent to which these complications and their underlying pathophysiology interact with behavioral factors such as stress, …
Survey On Pediatric Palliative Care Care For Healthcare Providers (Sppchp): Identifying Knowledge, Barriers, And Support Needs, Mary Elizabeth Grimley
Survey On Pediatric Palliative Care Care For Healthcare Providers (Sppchp): Identifying Knowledge, Barriers, And Support Needs, Mary Elizabeth Grimley
Open Access Dissertations
Objective: A significant number of children suffer from life-limiting illnesses, with many dying each year in the U.S. Services, beyond standard medical care, aimed at increasing overall quality of life for children with life-limiting illnesses, are greatly needed within and outside of our hospitals. Palliative care is conceptualized as treatment provided to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. Despite the empirically supported benefits of providing pediatric palliative care, only a small percentage of pediatric patients actually receive these services. Thus, there is a great need for the development and provision of these services. The first aim of the current …
Expanding The Model Of Apathy In Parkinson's Disease: Exploration Of Conceptual Domains And Identification Of Neuropsychological Correlates, Connie E. Myerson
Expanding The Model Of Apathy In Parkinson's Disease: Exploration Of Conceptual Domains And Identification Of Neuropsychological Correlates, Connie E. Myerson
Open Access Dissertations
Apathy is a debilitating non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) that is closely associated with cognitive dysfunction, depression, and caregiver burden. The proposed etiology and operational definition of apathy involves a tripartite model that includes cognitive, behavioral, and emotional manifestations. This theoretical model has not been statistically validated. We examined the tripartite structure of apathy in PD, and subsequent associations between apathy factors and demographic, disease, and neuropsychological measures. One hundred forty-one patients with idiopathic PD underwent neurological examination and comprehensive neuropsychological testing including the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES). Statistical analyses included correlation, means comparison, item analysis, and confirmatory factor …
The Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On Medication And Health Services Utilization Among Members From A Large Health Benefits Company, Claudia L. Uribe
The Effects Of Bariatric Surgery On Medication And Health Services Utilization Among Members From A Large Health Benefits Company, Claudia L. Uribe
Open Access Dissertations
The main objectives of this dissertation were to examine the effects of bariatric surgery on medication and health services utilization among a cohort of Commercial and Medicare insured members from a large health benefits organization in the U.S.. A total of 1,492 members with morbid obesity underwent gastric bypass (n=785) or gastric banding (n=707) procedure between January 2005 and June 2008. Administrative claims databases were accessed and three data files including a member file, a medical file and a pharmacy file were merged at the member level. Non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank tests revealed that the average number of all prescription …
Preschool Predictors Of Social Problem-Solving And Their Relations To Social And Academic Adjustment In Early Elementary School, Olga Lydia Walker
Preschool Predictors Of Social Problem-Solving And Their Relations To Social And Academic Adjustment In Early Elementary School, Olga Lydia Walker
Open Access Dissertations
The current study took a multi-method approach to examine the influence of temperament on children’s social problem solving (SPS) abilities and, in turn, whether SPS skills are a mechanism through which early temperament influences later social and academic adjustment. Participants included 270 children. Maternal reports of temperament were collected when the children were 2, 3, and 4 years old. At age 5, children were observed while interacting with an unfamiliar peer during an SPS task. At age 7, children were directly assessed on their academic achievement and completed measures of social adjustment. Both reactive and self-regulatory aspects of temperament related …
Adult Attachment And Body Dissatisfaction: The Role Of Ethnicity, Caryn B. Watsky-Scileppi
Adult Attachment And Body Dissatisfaction: The Role Of Ethnicity, Caryn B. Watsky-Scileppi
Open Access Dissertations
Body dissatisfaction has become commonplace, however, it has been associated with several detrimental outcomes, including eating disorders, depression, and suicidality. Despite having larger Body Mass Indexes, African American women have reported more satisfaction with their bodies than Caucasian American women. Anxious attachment has been found to relate to body dissatisfaction; however, this study was the first to explore whether this relationship differs across ethnic groups. American societal beliefs about attractiveness and ethnic identity were also explored as potential moderators of the relationship between anxious attachment and body dissatisfaction. Purposive sampling was used to identify students from colleges with diverse ethnic …
Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes In Adolescents With Elevated Blood Pressure, Stephanie L. Fitzpatrick
Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes In Adolescents With Elevated Blood Pressure, Stephanie L. Fitzpatrick
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this current study was to examine the influence of cardiovascular health knowledge on dietary and physical activity changes in 15-17 year olds with elevated blood pressure. The sample consisted of 167 adolescents randomized into one of three treatment conditions (minimal, moderate, or intense). Each adolescent completed a fitness test (peak VO2), 24-hour dietary recall, 7 Day Activity Recall (kilocalories expended per day), Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and Stages of Change Questionnaire every three months. The Health Knowledge Assessment was given at baseline and at post-intervention. Classical test theory, confirmatory factor analysis, and item response theory frameworks were applied to …
The Role Of Emotional Intelligence In The Quality Of Life Of Individuals With Bipolar I Disorder, Daniel Fulford
The Role Of Emotional Intelligence In The Quality Of Life Of Individuals With Bipolar I Disorder, Daniel Fulford
Open Access Dissertations
Bipolar I disorder (BD) is one of the leading causes of disability among adults. Despite the fact that those with BD are at significantly greater risk for experiencing psychosocial hardship, many with the disorder function quite well. Researchers have shown this variability in quality of life to be partly explained by symptom severity, educational attainment, illness characteristics, and cognitive variables (e.g., executive function). The current study extends this research by examining the role of emotional intelligence in the quality of life and social and occupational functioning of people with BD. I hypothesized a significant proportion of the variance in quality …
Exposure To A Natural Disaster (Hurricane Ike) And Children's Diet And Activity Levels, Betty Sao-Hou Lai
Exposure To A Natural Disaster (Hurricane Ike) And Children's Diet And Activity Levels, Betty Sao-Hou Lai
Open Access Dissertations
Objective: Utilizing a conceptual model of the impact of disasters on children╒s functioning, the current study examined unhealthy diet and sedentary activity levels of children exposed to Hurricane Ike. Exposure stressors (perceived and actual life threat) and recovery stressors (hurricane-related stressors and major life events), were hypothesized to be associated with unhealthy diet and sedentary activity. Exposure stressors, recovery stressors, and child demographic characteristics were also expected to be associated with posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms. It also was predicted that physical activity would attenuate the relationship between recovery stressors and children╒s PTS symptoms. Finally, the feasibility of collecting health behavior …
Extending Care, Kristin E. Borgwald
Extending Care, Kristin E. Borgwald
Open Access Dissertations
In recent years, sentimentalist care ethics has been developed and defended as a normative ethical theory alongside and in opposition to Kantian liberalism. Carol Gilligan introduced the idea of a woman’s moral perspective that emphasizes maintaining relationships and responding to need, and saw it as a different way of framing moral issues. Care ethics is no longer associated only with women, and it is presented as a theory for both men and women that has its own distinctive accounts of ethical notions like justice and autonomy. These accounts have developed from analyses of injustice towards women and uncaring attitudes that …
Treatment Of Trauma For Latina And African American Survivors Of Intimate Partner Violence, Shanna B. Dulen
Treatment Of Trauma For Latina And African American Survivors Of Intimate Partner Violence, Shanna B. Dulen
Open Access Dissertations
The mental health field lacks an array of effective interventions designed to assist women victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). Moreover, treatment modalities responsive to the needs of racially and ethnically diverse populations are under researched. This presents a significant challenge to serving ethnic minority women who are known to experience more crime, violence victimization, and psychological trauma than their dominant-ethnic group counterparts. This study integrated research and theory of trauma with current IPV literature and tested the utility of a brief trauma-based approach in reducing trauma related symptomatology in a predominantly Latina and African American clinical sample. Traumatic Incident …
A Contemporary Approach To Orchestral Bowings For The Concertmaster, Daniel Andai
A Contemporary Approach To Orchestral Bowings For The Concertmaster, Daniel Andai
Open Access Dissertations
The concertmaster position has evolved into one of the most essential positions in an orchestra. The demands associated with the position make it a rigorous chair to occupy. The concertmaster is responsible for a number of duties that are critical for an orchestra’s success. These duties include serving as a liaison between the orchestral musicians and the conductor, being in excellent form as a violinist, and being prepared to lead any score and play any solos in the pieces being performed. A vast knowledge of string instruments and an understanding of an orchestra’s capability is also important. These are key …
Volumetric Analysis Of Brain Mri For Alzheimer’S Disease, Qian Shen
Volumetric Analysis Of Brain Mri For Alzheimer’S Disease, Qian Shen
Open Access Dissertations
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, is a gradually progressive degenerative neurological disorder that is characterized by increasing cognitive impairment, characteristic degenerative pathology and brain atrophy. Studies have shown that the progression of AD pathology in the brain develops in a predictable pattern and the pathological changes that take place in brain begin at the microscopic level long before the first signs of memory loss. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which has exceptional soft tissue contrast and detailed resolution, is the best way to noninvasively examine changes which occur early in the course of …
The Word And The World: Exploring World Views Of Monolingual And Bilingual Chinese Through The Use Of Proverbs, Li Ma
Open Access Dissertations
Many thinkers argue that major differences among languages lead to major differences in experience and thought. Each speech community possibly embodies a distinct world view. The purpose of this study was to explore, through the use of proverbs, the relationship between acculturation and world views among monolingual and bilingual Chinese, with proficiency in Chinese and/or English used a proxy for level of acculturation. Data were collected through questionnaires and qualitative interviews regarding attitudes to English and Chinese proverbs. Data were analyzed by means of SPSS and modified grounded theory methodology. The statistical and qualitative findings contradicted each other: the former …
Human Identification Based On Three-Dimensional Ear And Face Models, Steven Cadavid
Human Identification Based On Three-Dimensional Ear And Face Models, Steven Cadavid
Open Access Dissertations
We propose three biometric systems for performing 1) Multi-modal Three-Dimensional (3D) ear + Two-Dimensional (2D) face recognition, 2) 3D face recognition, and 3) hybrid 3D ear recognition combining local and holistic features. For the 3D ear component of the multi-modal system, uncalibrated video sequences are utilized to recover the 3D ear structure of each subject within a database. For a given subject, a series of frames is extracted from a video sequence and the Region-of-Interest (ROI) in each frame is independently reconstructed in 3D using Shape from Shading (SFS). A fidelity measure is then employed to determine the model that …
Effects Of Bulimia Nervosa On The Voice: A Guide For Voice Teachers, Juanita Marchand Knight
Effects Of Bulimia Nervosa On The Voice: A Guide For Voice Teachers, Juanita Marchand Knight
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this essay is to compile a list of symptoms to aid voice teachers in the early detection of vocal problems resulting from bulimic behavior. Bulimia nervosa (BN) is an eating disorder characterized by bingeing and purging and has a high rate of occurrence among the college population. Entertainers form a high risk group for development of BN yet the effects of BN on the voice are largely ignored in vocal literature. The study begins with a literature review which links several factors that can influence the development of BN with "the singer’s personality." The two main character …
A Mechanistic Investigation Of Anesthesia-Induced Spatial Learning Deficits In Aged Rats, Lana Jones Mawhinney
A Mechanistic Investigation Of Anesthesia-Induced Spatial Learning Deficits In Aged Rats, Lana Jones Mawhinney
Open Access Dissertations
Anesthesia-induced spatial learning impairments in aged rats model postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the elderly surgical population. Mechanisms underlying both normal age-related cognitive decline and anesthesia-induced spatial learning deficits in aged rats were investigated. With respect to the involvement of inflammasome activation and age-related cognitive decline, I hypothesized that the aged hippocampus exhibits an elevated activation of inflammasome components contributing to elevated levels of IL-1β in the aged brain. Age-related cognitive decline was identified in a subpopulation of male Fischer 344 rats. Activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome was elevated in the aged brain, contributing to spatial learning deficits in aged …
Head Start Teachers’ Vocabulary Instruction And Language Complexity During Storybook Reading: Predicting Vocabulary Outcomes Of Students In Linguistically Diverse Classrooms, Miriam G. Lipsky
Open Access Dissertations
Previous research indicates that joint storybook reading between caregivers (parents or teachers) and children can have positive effects on the oral language development of young children (Whitehurst et al., 1988; Dickinson & Smith, 1994). This study aimed to add to this body of research by providing information on the relationship between teachers’ language complexity and vocabulary strategies used during storybook reading and vocabulary outcomes for monolingual and dual language learners in linguistically diverse Head Start classrooms. Videotapes of 23 Head Start teachers were coded and analyzed for vocabulary instruction strategies and language complexity during storybook reading using hierarchical regression techniques …
The Art Of Playing Trumpet In The Upper Register, August William Haas
The Art Of Playing Trumpet In The Upper Register, August William Haas
Open Access Dissertations
One of the most desired assets for a trumpeter is the ability to play in the upper register, also known as the extreme register. Upper-register playing is required in most genres of music, and it is considered one of the most difficult mental and physical challenges of trumpet performance. This paper aims to critically analyze and discuss upper-register playing, thereby serving as a guide enabling trumpet players to more effortlessly master this task. To achieve this, there will be an in-depth analysis of the Baroque approach to the upper register, which will then be compared to the modern approach. The …
Results From A Pilot Translational Health And Wellness Based Summer Program In Minority Adolescents, Elizabeth Skidmore Edwards
Results From A Pilot Translational Health And Wellness Based Summer Program In Minority Adolescents, Elizabeth Skidmore Edwards
Open Access Dissertations
The Healthy Start Summer Program (HSSP) is a seven-week summer program that strives to provide health and wellness education in a manner that is applicable to everyday living. The primary goal of the HSSP is to improve physical fitness levels and the psychosocial variables associated with exercise in a minority adolescent population, while providing the tools necessary for students to maintain these changes for four months after the program. Participants and control subjects were evaluated at the beginning and end of their respective summer programs, then followed up four months post-program to evaluate the maintenance of these changes. The students …
Resilience And The Role Of Sibling Relationships Among Children Within Homeless Families, Tamara S. Paula
Resilience And The Role Of Sibling Relationships Among Children Within Homeless Families, Tamara S. Paula
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine how the presence of resilience was manifested in a population of children within homeless families and more specifically, whether the sibling relationship provided a unique contribution to child psychological adjustment. Analyses were conducted to determine if the sibling relationship provided a unique contribution to the amelioration of child psychological distress among children within homeless families, thereby promoting child resilience. The variables of the study included resilience, sibling relationship, and psychological distress among children within homeless families. Data was collected from 60 school-aged children (26 boys and 34 girls), ages 9 to 17, …
A Model Describing The Effects Of Equipment, Instruction And Director And Student Attributes On Wind-Band Intonation, Brian C. Wuttke
A Model Describing The Effects Of Equipment, Instruction And Director And Student Attributes On Wind-Band Intonation, Brian C. Wuttke
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to test a hypothesized model of wind-band intonation, using equipment, instruction and director and student attributes as components. Band directors (N= 5) and their students N= 200) were given a combination of published and researcher designed tests to measure equipment quality, experience, knowledge of instrument pitch tendencies and aural discrimination skills. In addition, each band was video recorded to observe their warm-up, tuning and rehearsal procedures and activities. Spectrum analysis using Praat phonetic analysis software (Boersma & Weenik, 2010) was used to measure wind-band intonation. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS (Arbuckle, 2008) was …