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Articles 1141 - 1170 of 2203
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The Effects Of Rumination On Psychological And Biological Recovery From Stress In Depression, Joelle Lemoult
The Effects Of Rumination On Psychological And Biological Recovery From Stress In Depression, Joelle Lemoult
Open Access Dissertations
Diathesis-stress models of depression highlight that stress triggers the onset of a depressive episode. Increasing evidence, however, suggest that increased risk comes not from the initial response to stress, but rather from difficulty regulating emotions in a way that facilitates recovery. Rumination is a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy shown to prolong negative affect in response to distress. The current study extends past research by comparing the effects of a rumination versus distraction induction on biological and psychological recovery from stress among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (CTLs). Participants were exposed to a psychosocial stressor and then …
The Influence Of Cancer Fatalism And Prostate Cancer Knowledge On Sexual Function And Bother After Treatment For Prostate Cancer: A Moderation Model To Explain Ethnic Differences, Mikal Rasheed
Open Access Dissertations
Research conducted with prostate cancer (PC) survivors has previously noted ethnic disparities in knowledge about PC, fatalism about a PC diagnosis, and linked these disparities to poor adherence to PC screening recommendations. This poor adherence may be an important factor explaining why Black and Hispanic men tend to present for treatment at a more advance stage that is more likely to be fatal. While 5 year survival rates for PC approach 100%, men often report problems with sexual function that they are quite bothered by and which negatively affect their overall quality of life. However the evidence for ethnic disparities …
Domains Of Schizotypy And Associations With Cognitive Biases In A Non-Clinical Sample: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach, Stephanie A. Sacks
Domains Of Schizotypy And Associations With Cognitive Biases In A Non-Clinical Sample: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach, Stephanie A. Sacks
Open Access Dissertations
The spectrum perspective views schizotypy as a subclinical expression of schizophrenic psychopathology resulting from shared etiology (Claridge & Beech, 1995). Research on normative populations scoring high on schizotypy is valuable because performance is not confounded by issues often present in schizophrenia samples. Research on schizotypy is also important because it may help elucidate the predisposition to schizophrenia (Jahshan & Sergi, 2007). Prior efforts to establish the underlying multidimensional construct of schizotypy have not been entirely consistent, but have generally supported a four-factor model when more comprehensive measures of schizotypy are used (Reynolds, Raine, Mellingen, Venables, & Mednick, 2000). The current …
Knowledge, Persuasion, And Decision: Examining Predictors Of Microblogging’S Diffusion In China, Yu Liu
Knowledge, Persuasion, And Decision: Examining Predictors Of Microblogging’S Diffusion In China, Yu Liu
Open Access Dissertations
The last decade has witnessed a global plethora of social media. One unique social media innovation, microblogging, which combines the features of blogging, texting, and social networking sites, enables its users to post personal thoughts and opinions as well as connect to online and offline networks. Particularly, microblogging has experienced a remarkable growth in China because it not only offers a popular platform for social interactions, but also plays an essential role as an alternative news medium. Within the framework of Diffusion of Innovations theory, this study aimed to examine the five stages of microblogging’s innovation-decision process and identify the …
A Social Capital Model Of Public Relations: Development And Validation Of A Social Capital Measure, Melissa D. Dodd
A Social Capital Model Of Public Relations: Development And Validation Of A Social Capital Measure, Melissa D. Dodd
Open Access Dissertations
A theory and conceptualization of social capital as a resource- and exchange- based function of public relations was proposed. Fourteen hypotheses and one research question tested social capital propositions and postulates in a public relations-specific context, and a measure of social capital was created and tested alongside measures of human capital and organizational financial capital. A holistic model of social capital was tested using structural equation modeling such that human capital was hypothesized to predict social capital, human and social capital were hypothesized to predict public relations outcomes, and public relations outcomes were hypothesized to predict financial capital. It was …
The New Frontier Of Peer Victimization: Prospective Associations Between Adolescents' On-Line Peer Victimization And Internalizing Symptoms, Ryan Richard Landoll
The New Frontier Of Peer Victimization: Prospective Associations Between Adolescents' On-Line Peer Victimization And Internalizing Symptoms, Ryan Richard Landoll
Open Access Dissertations
Peer victimization in adolescence has been consistently associated with increases in internalizing symptoms, such as depression and social anxiety. Recently, both empirical and public attention has focused on cyber victimization, or negative peer experiences that occur in an on-line context. Adolescent Internet use has reached nearly universal rates (recent estimates report over 93% of adolescents have access to the Internet, with the majority accessing the Internet daily), and the rise of social networking and media tools has created a diverse and complicated environment for adolescents to interact within in cyberspace. Research has made great strides in identifying the potential negative …
Does Gratitude Promote Reciprocity In Response To All Benefits, Or Just Those Rendered By Novel Relationship Partners? Testing The Role Of Gratitude In The Establishment Of Reciprocal Relationships, Adam D. Cohen
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation was designed to examine whether people feel more gratitude in response to benefits rendered by strangers and acquaintances than in response to benefits provided by established reciprocal relationship partners and genetic relatives, and whether the gratitude experienced in response to benefits provided by those novel non-kin benefactors is more likely to lead to motivation to reciprocate than is the gratitude elicited by benefits rendered by genetic relatives and established reciprocal altruism partners. It was hypothesized that gratitude would be more salient when benefits are rendered by strangers and acquaintances than by well-known individuals in already-established reciprocal relationships or …
Expanding The Healthy Schizotype Model: Profiles Of Schizotypy As Predictors Of Creativity, Religion And Mental Health, Naomi Tuchman
Expanding The Healthy Schizotype Model: Profiles Of Schizotypy As Predictors Of Creativity, Religion And Mental Health, Naomi Tuchman
Open Access Dissertations
Converging evidence suggests that schizotypal personality traits exist on a continuum (Rawlings, Williams, Haslam, & Claridge, 2008). In fact, although scant research has been conducted on this topic to date, some evidence suggests that there may be a subset of schizotypes (“healthy schizotypes”) who function well in spite of unusual experiences and proneness to the development of psychosis (McCreery & Claridge, 2002). In the present study, a latent profile analysis was conducted on a sample of 420 undergraduates, using data from the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE) scale. Six profiles emerged from the analysis. Confirming study expectations, with …
Rumination And Emotional Adjustment: The Role Of Social Networking Sites, Tanya B. Tran
Rumination And Emotional Adjustment: The Role Of Social Networking Sites, Tanya B. Tran
Open Access Dissertations
Recent research posits that it is not necessarily the immediate response to stressful life events that is associated with an increased risk for the onset and recurrence of emotional disorders, but the way in which people regulate the ensuing emotions. A tendency to respond to negative mood states with perseverative thinking, such as rumination, has been shown to increase the risk for emotional disorders. The use of social networking sites, such as Facebook, may provide new means of triggering and prolonging perseverative thinking, exacerbating negative mood and negatively affecting adjustment following a stressful life event. Results from a pilot study …
Who Matters? The Effects Of Sources Of Social Support On Quality Of Life In Prostate Cancer Survivors And Their Spousal Caregivers, Eric S. Zhou
Open Access Dissertations
Improvements in public awareness and in regular screening for prostate cancer (PC) have resulted in dramatic increases in survival for men diagnosed with localized stage disease. However, this has resulted in a significant, and growing, population of men, who are now placed in the difficult position of having to find ways to cope with the physical and mental challenges that can develop following their diagnosis. Existing literature suggests that positive social support can act to help PC survivors adjust physically and mentally to the disease. Historically, the social support construct has been separated into two primary forms: 1) structural support, …
Robert Schumann And His Magic Circle - Is It Synesthesia Or Ekphrasis?, Marion Wilkinson Scott
Robert Schumann And His Magic Circle - Is It Synesthesia Or Ekphrasis?, Marion Wilkinson Scott
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study will be to examine Robert Schumann’s unique perceptive abilities. Most notably, it will serve as an argument that Schumann composed and understood music in a synesthetic way. In order to support this assertion there will be an examination of Schumann’s: medical records, autopsy, letters and other relevant bibliographic literature surrounding the composer’s life. In accordance with this, this document will also review the psychological, physiological and religious factors that underlie Schumann’s perception of reality and his compositional process. With this in mind, this paper will also attempt to shed light on Schumann’s writings through the …
Understanding Casual Sex In Emerging Adulthood: The Role Of Mother-Adolescent Attachment, Relationship Expectations And Sexually Transmitted Infections, Shandey D. Malcolm
Understanding Casual Sex In Emerging Adulthood: The Role Of Mother-Adolescent Attachment, Relationship Expectations And Sexually Transmitted Infections, Shandey D. Malcolm
Open Access Dissertations
Emerging adults engage in casual sex at higher rates than other any other age group. In addition, they engage in casual sex at higher rates than similarly aged individuals from decades earlier. It is, therefore, important to gain a better understanding of casual sex in this age group. The objective of the current study was to examine a model in which mother-adolescent attachments served as a predictor of two distinct types of casual sex: “hookups” and “friends with benefits” in emerging adulthood, both directly, and indirectly through relationship expectations. The study also sought to examine sexually transmitted infections as a …
The Effects Of Age, Cognition, And Health Numeracy On Use Of A Patient Portal Of An Electronic Medical Record (Emr), Jessica Taha
The Effects Of Age, Cognition, And Health Numeracy On Use Of A Patient Portal Of An Electronic Medical Record (Emr), Jessica Taha
Open Access Dissertations
Diverse patient populations are increasingly using patient portals that are tethered to their electronic medical record (EMR). Patients using portals can view their medical history, review laboratory results and medication lists, and follow links to credible health information online. Many of the tasks performed with a portal depend on numeracy skill. For example, numeracy skill is needed in managing appointment dates and times, understanding medication dosage instructions, reviewing lab results, and interpreting health information from charts, tables, and graphs. However, there is no data available regarding the numeracy ability of patients and how this ability affects their use of a …
Caribbean Bodyscapes: The Politics Of Sacred Citizenship And The Transpersonal Body, Josune Urbistondo
Caribbean Bodyscapes: The Politics Of Sacred Citizenship And The Transpersonal Body, Josune Urbistondo
Open Access Dissertations
In this project I explore the relationship of sacred citizenship as an alternative and at times overlapping form of politics to national citizenship. Sacred citizenship creates a possibility of belonging for marginalized identities in Caribbean and Caribbean diasporic women’s writing. All the novels examined in this project, Cristina García’s Monkey Hunting (2004), Shani Mootoo’s Cereus Blooms at Night (2001), Patricia Powell’s The Pagoda (1998), Mayra Montero’s The Red of His Shadow (2001), Ana-Maurine Lara’s Erzulie’s Skirt (2006), and Daína Chaviano’s The Island of Eternal Love (2008), depict protagonists that practice restricted versions of national citizenship. Due to varying degrees of …
The Effects Of Organizational Leadership On Strategic Internal Communication And Employee Outcomes, Linjuan Men
The Effects Of Organizational Leadership On Strategic Internal Communication And Employee Outcomes, Linjuan Men
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation aimed to establish the linkage between strategic leadership, internal communication practice and employee outcomes. In particular, it examined the effect of organizational transformational and authentic leadership on internal symmetrical and transparent communication as well as employee outcomes, indicated by organization-employee relationship, perceived organizational reputation and employee engagement. Engagement, believed to be a new paradigm of public relations practice in the new age of social media, was examined as an ultimate outcome of strategic communication associated with relationships and reputation. Through an on-line survey of 402 employees working in large and medium corporations in the United States and the …
Teaching Extended Techniques On The Saxophone: A Comparison Of Methods, Matthew Jeffery Taylor
Teaching Extended Techniques On The Saxophone: A Comparison Of Methods, Matthew Jeffery Taylor
Open Access Dissertations
Through substantial correspondence with eight saxophone professors in the United States and three in France, this project examines the methods used by French and American college-level teachers for teaching extended techniques on the saxophone. The essay also reviews related printed pedagogical and reference materials and provides a brief comparison of all presented methods. Profiled techniques include circular breathing, slap tongue, multiple tonguing, and fingering-based multiphonics. Participants share insights about their teaching procedures, criteria for assessment, ways to promote mastery, suggestions for relevant repertoire, and their own practice and performance philosophies as they relate to these four extended techniques. Participants include …
Racial/Ethnic Differences In Depressive Symptoms And Treatment Effect Among Patients With Myocardial Infarction From The Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (Enrichd) Trial, Hsin-Hua Lin
Open Access Dissertations
This study examined racial/ethnic group differences in depressive symptoms and treatment effect in a diverse clinical sample of post myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Specific aims were to test group measurement equivalence of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) across non-Hispanic Blacks, non-Hispanic Whites, and Hispanic cardiac patients and to test stability of a BDI measurement model over time from baseline to six-months post-treatment both in the treatment and the usual care groups. The participants included 2370 diverse post-MI patients (467 non-Hispanic Blacks, 1647 non-Hispanic Whites, and 256 Hispanics), a subgroup of the participants who were clinically depressed and/or socially isolated from …
The Relationship Between Student Ratings And Student Retention, Isis Artze-Vega
The Relationship Between Student Ratings And Student Retention, Isis Artze-Vega
Open Access Dissertations
The relationship between students’ ratings of their instructors and student retention at the University of Miami was examined, extending a new thread of retention research which investigates the impact of students’ classroom experiences on their persistence. The predictive ability of other factors known to impact retention (including students’ race/ethnicity, SAT scores, family income, and grade-point averages) was also examined, and these were controlled for to discern the unique contribution of student ratings to retention. The sample consisted of students who enrolled in this institution in 2002, 2003, and 2004, and the independent variables of interest were their ratings of their …
Formation And Prediction Of The Singing Perceptions Of Self-Labeled Singers And Non-Singers, Elizabeth Gaile Stephens
Formation And Prediction Of The Singing Perceptions Of Self-Labeled Singers And Non-Singers, Elizabeth Gaile Stephens
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of self-labeled singers and non-singers’ beliefs about singing, with the additional goal of exploring a conceptualization of singing perceptions. A researcher-created Singing Perception and Participation survey was used to collect information about the singing perceptions of university students (N = 171). A factor analysis was run to determine if singing identity, singing self-efficacy, and singing attitudes of students were factors of singing perceptions. To examine common participant singing perceptions, descriptive analyses were also conducted. A multiple regression was used to determine if the independent variables of home environment, music learning environment, …
Latinas And Abortion: The Role Of Acculturation, Religion, Reproductive History And Familism, Lorena Beatriz Kaelber
Latinas And Abortion: The Role Of Acculturation, Religion, Reproductive History And Familism, Lorena Beatriz Kaelber
Open Access Dissertations
Women of all races and color are affected by abortion, including Latinas. In 2004, 22% of all reported U.S. abortions were obtained by Latina women, in 2008, non-Latina white women accounted for 36% of abortions, 30% of abortions were obtained by non-Latina Black women, 25% of abortions were obtained by Latina women and 9% by women of other races. From 1997-2006, the rate of abortion in non-Latinas decreased by 4.8%; however, the rate of abortion for Latinas increased by 23.6%. The Latina population represents the fastest growing segment of the population in the United States. As the number of Latinas …
A Latent Class Analysis Of Metabolic Syndrome Among Hispanics/Latinos Living In The United States In Relation To Cardiovascular Disease Prevalence: Results From The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (Hchs/Sol), William Arguelles
Open Access Dissertations
Using preliminary data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), this cross-sectional study employed latent class analysis to investigate 1) whether distinct subtypes of metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be identified among a large and diverse sample of US Hispanic/Latinos (H/Ls), 2) how identified MetS subtypes differed in demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics, and 3) the association between identified MetS subtypes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence. Incorporating continuous measures of MetS components (waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose) and data on antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and glucose-lowering medication use into analyses, two latent …
The Structure Of Sensory Imagination, Nicholas Wiltsher
The Structure Of Sensory Imagination, Nicholas Wiltsher
Open Access Dissertations
My dissertation concerns sensory imagining: experiences like imagining a colorful parrot, or imagining its squawk. Just as with perception, there are three sorts of question to be asked about imagination. First, what is it like, phenomenologically, to imagine? Second, what can we do by imagining? Third, what is the essential nature of the experience? There are many theories about perception's nature, which explain its phenomenology and capacities. By contrast, there is some work on imagination's phenomenology, and a lot of work about its putative capacities, but very few theories of its nature. In the dissertation, I give a theory of …
The Internet-Informed Patient And Cancer Screening Adherence: The Role Of Patient-Physician Communication, Yuliya Shneyderman
The Internet-Informed Patient And Cancer Screening Adherence: The Role Of Patient-Physician Communication, Yuliya Shneyderman
Open Access Dissertations
Breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers have population-based effective screenings that are recommended for individuals of a certain age and sex, while prostate cancer screening is controversial. People often seek information from various sources about cancer and health behaviors, and in the information age, this information may come from the Internet. Furthermore, individuals who see their physicians may be influenced by how well they communicate with their healthcare providers when deciding on health behaviors such as cancer screenings. Getting screened for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer at the recommended intervals is linked to decreases in mortality rates for those cancers. While …
Coping With Homonegative Experiences Among Gay Men: Impacts On Mental Health, Psychological Well-Being, And Identity Growth, Seth T. Christman
Coping With Homonegative Experiences Among Gay Men: Impacts On Mental Health, Psychological Well-Being, And Identity Growth, Seth T. Christman
Open Access Dissertations
While minority stress research increasingly show that high rates of homonegative experiences can contribute to negative mental health outcomes in gay men, less is known about the ways in which gay men cope with these experiences and their potential to experience positive outcomes such as well-being and identity growth. Understanding the strengths of gay men in coping with numerous, multi-faceted homonegative experiences is essential in creating an accurate understanding of gay men’s development and informing research, policy, and practice around gay men’s well-being and growth. This study seeks to describe the nature of gay men’s homonegative experiences, describe the coping …
The Effectiveness Of Music Mentoring For At-Risk Youth In Middle School: Implementation And Assessment Of The Gogo Program., Frank Chadwyck Bernstein
The Effectiveness Of Music Mentoring For At-Risk Youth In Middle School: Implementation And Assessment Of The Gogo Program., Frank Chadwyck Bernstein
Open Access Dissertations
Guitars Over Guns Organization, Inc. (GOGO) is a 501c3 not-for-profit mentoring-based music education program co-founded by prominent South Florida jazz trombonist Frank Chadwyck (Chad) Bernstein and his father, Robert (Bob) Bernstein, a Chicago businessman. GOGO uses contemporary music to entice at-risk adolescents in high-crime neighborhoods to participate in after-school bands, supplying instruments for the students and providing an alternative to the negative influences that typically dominate their environments. GOGO also mentors these kids on a one-on-one basis in order to provide the support and tools they need to stay in and succeed in school, hoping to increase the likelihood they’ll …
The Implications Of Centering In A Three-Level Multilevel Model, Ahnalee M. Brincks
The Implications Of Centering In A Three-Level Multilevel Model, Ahnalee M. Brincks
Open Access Dissertations
Hierarchical data are becoming increasingly complex, often involving more than two levels. This study investigated the implications of centering within context (CWC) and grand mean centering (CGM) in three distinct three-level models. The goals were to (1) determine equivalencies in the means and variances across the centering options, (2) identify the algebraic relationships between the three-level contextual models, and (3) clarify the interpretation of the estimated parameters. Artificial datasets were used for illustration. Centering decisions in multilevel models are closely tied to substantive hypotheses and require researchers to be clear and cautious about their choices. This work is designed to …
Predictors Of Classroom Management Challenges And Practices Of Secondary Choral Music Educators, Kathryn L. Simon
Predictors Of Classroom Management Challenges And Practices Of Secondary Choral Music Educators, Kathryn L. Simon
Open Access Dissertations
Data were collected from secondary choral music educators (N = 593) from across the United States using the Choral Classroom Management Inventory. The use of classroom management practices and occurrences of classroom management challenges were evaluated and relationships between teacher background variables, context variables, and classroom management practices and challenges were calculated. Variables with significant correlations were included in the multiple regression analyses to determine predictors of use of classroom management practices and occurrences of classroom management challenges. Results showed that teacher background and context variables accounted for 40% of the variance in use of classroom management practices, and included …
On Becoming And Being A Homeless Youth Activist, Edward J. Ameen
On Becoming And Being A Homeless Youth Activist, Edward J. Ameen
Open Access Dissertations
Despite decades of interventions to address the immediate needs of homeless youth, America still suffers with youth homelessness. This study suggests that real solutions have come, and will continue to come, from individuals using collective action to redistribute sociopolitical power and resources. The study aimed to understand (1) why people become activists on behalf of this population, and (2) what qualities and characteristics allow them to remain in this work despite its challenges. A review of the literature uncovered more than twenty situational and developmental factors for activists of numerous causes but none examined homeless youth activists and very few …
Practitioner Perceptions Of Their Implementation Of Response To Intervention, Yvonne D. Perry
Practitioner Perceptions Of Their Implementation Of Response To Intervention, Yvonne D. Perry
Open Access Dissertations
The reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 set in motion the movement away from the typical Referral/IQ Discrepancy Model of Exceptional Student Education identification toward the Response to Intervention (RtI) model for the identification of students with reading-related learning disabilities. This investigation explored practitioners’ views of the five components of RtI: (1) a multi-tier implementation, (2) student assessment and decision making, (3) evidence-based interventions, (4) maintenance of procedural integrity, and (5) systems level capacity. Barriers and facilitators to implementation were addressed as well as resources needed for successful implementation. The research was conducted in three …
Structural Violence And Vulnerable Populations: Health And Health Care Utilization Among Black, Female, Sex Workers In Miami, Florida, Leah Marlene Varga
Structural Violence And Vulnerable Populations: Health And Health Care Utilization Among Black, Female, Sex Workers In Miami, Florida, Leah Marlene Varga
Open Access Dissertations
Vulnerable populations are affected by social ills resulting from unjust social, political, and economic systems. The consequences of these structural inequalities may affect health care utilization patterns. I examined the health needs, barriers, and utilization of health care services among a sample of Black, female street-based sex workers in Miami, Florida, while exploring the impact of violence, both physical and structural, on utilization of health care services. To do this, both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied. I used focus group data and a grounded theory approach to illuminate health care experiences and the relationship between structural violence and health …