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Articles 7921 - 7950 of 12807
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Criminal Law-Prosecution Of Mormon "Fundamentalists'' Under The Mann Act-Doctrine Of Caminetti V. United States, John A. Huston S.Ed.
Criminal Law-Prosecution Of Mormon "Fundamentalists'' Under The Mann Act-Doctrine Of Caminetti V. United States, John A. Huston S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Petitioners, Mormon "Fundamentalists," transported one or more plural wives in interstate commerce. They were convicted in the district court on the authority of Caminetti v. United States for violation of the Mann Act which prohibits the transportation of women or girls in commerce "for the purpose of prostitution or debauchery, or for any other immoral purpose." The circuit court affirmed and the United States Supreme Court granted certiorari. Held, affirmed. The phrase "or for any other immoral purpose" was properly interpreted in Caminetti v. United States to extend the prohibition of the act to cases where the ·transportation was …
Constitutional Aspects Of Federal Anti-Poll Tax Legislation, Joseph E. Kallenbach
Constitutional Aspects Of Federal Anti-Poll Tax Legislation, Joseph E. Kallenbach
Michigan Law Review
The proposal to abolish by national law the requirement now prevailing in seven Southern states that voters shall have paid a poll tax in order to vote in any national election involves a constitutional issue of the first magnitude. In the decade immediately following the Civil War the constitutional division of authority between the national and state governments in dealing with the question of Negro suffrage became a point of bitter controversy in Congress. Out of this struggle came the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution, with certain supporting legislation, the aim of which was to prohibit disfranchisement of …
Constitutional Law-State Court Enforcement Of Race Restrictive Covenants As State Action Within Scope Of Fourteenth Amendment, John A. Huston S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-State Court Enforcement Of Race Restrictive Covenants As State Action Within Scope Of Fourteenth Amendment, John A. Huston S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The current housing shortage with the overcrowded living conditions and substandard accommodations which it imposes on the most numerous classes of society has made particularly significant in the competition for housing areas the discriminations generally enforced against negroes and other racial minority groups. Both normal population growth and the suspension of new construction during the great depression and the late war have contributed to an emergency in which the circumstances of our negro population are materially worse than those of any other group. Aggravating this result has been the shift in negro population occasioned by the wartime demand for industrial …
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department undertakes to list and when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.
Corporations-Restraints On Alienation Of Stock As Against Pledgees With Notice, John F. O'Connor S.Ed.
Corporations-Restraints On Alienation Of Stock As Against Pledgees With Notice, John F. O'Connor S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The charter and a by-law of the plaintiff corporation contained provisions which stipulated that before a stockholder could sell or transfer any stock, he must first offer the stock to the corporation. The relevant by-law appeared on every certificate of stock. The defendant Kiernan borrowed money from the defendant corporation for which he gave a collateral note secured by the pledge of his-stock in the plaintiff corporation. The stock certificate was delivered to the defendant corporation as pledgee. After the default of Kiernan, the plaintiff corporation brought a bill in equity to enjoin the sale of the pledged stock at …
Corporations--Transfer Of Shares--Restriction By Shareholders' Agreement, John E. Grosboll
Corporations--Transfer Of Shares--Restriction By Shareholders' Agreement, John E. Grosboll
Michigan Law Review
The original shareholders of a family corporation had entered into a private agreement, noted on the stock certificates, which provided that before sale by any of the parties of any stock to a non-member, such stock must first be offered to the remaining stockholders. Defendant B, the widow of one of the founders, contracted to sell her stock to plaintiff, a non-member, without first offering it to defendants L and M, who own the balance of the stock. Plaintiff now seeks specific performance of his contract with defendant B. Defendants L and M seek to exercise their …
Taxation-Excess Profits-General Relief Under Section 722 I. R. C, John W. Riehm, Jr. S.Ed.
Taxation-Excess Profits-General Relief Under Section 722 I. R. C, John W. Riehm, Jr. S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Even the most casual observer of modern business practices will accede to the general proposition that the most accurate reflection of market value for many commodities can be found in documentary sources. This is particularly true of those commodities of an homogeneous character which are sold in well-organized markets characterized by price uniformity and free access to price information. Of them, it may well be said that no more satisfactory evidence of market value than the newspaper market reports can be found, barring the possibility of personal observation of "the board" at the market itself. However, the average businessman will …
Monthly Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Monthly Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department lists the articles and comments which appear in twenty-four leading law reviews. The index embraces material published since the last issue of this REVIEW.
Federal Courts-Federal Rules Of Civil Procedure-Duty Of Court In Non-Jury Action On Motion To Dismiss Under Rule 41 (B), Merrill N. Johnson
Federal Courts-Federal Rules Of Civil Procedure-Duty Of Court In Non-Jury Action On Motion To Dismiss Under Rule 41 (B), Merrill N. Johnson
Michigan Law Review
The federal government brought an action to restrain the United States Gypsum Company and thirteen other corporate and individual defendants from alleged violations of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. Most of the government's evidence came from defendant's officers, employees, and documents with the result that evidence favorable to both the plaintiff and defendants was presented. The government's case required over five months to present and 10,000 pages to record. The defendants then moved to dismiss the complaint with prejudice under Rule 41 (b). In the hearing on this motion, the government contended that the sole question presented was one of law, …
Duress Through Civil Litigation: Ii, John P. Dawson
Duress Through Civil Litigation: Ii, John P. Dawson
Michigan Law Review
Where litigation has progressed to the stage of a final judgment under which execution is immediately available, the initial obstacles already suggested to relief for duress appear to exist in magnified form. The judgment itself establishes the legitimacy of the original demand. Though the coercion threatened is immediate, it has been supplied by general rules of procedure for the specific purpose of compelling satisfaction. It appears from numerous decisions and is even more frequently assumed that a settlement induced by threat of immediate issuance of execution under a valid, final money judgment cannot be duress, whatever the nature of the …
Agency-Implied Agency-Effect Of Principal's Acquiescence In Agent's Collection Where Such Authority Is Denied, Shubrick T. Kothe S.Ed.
Agency-Implied Agency-Effect Of Principal's Acquiescence In Agent's Collection Where Such Authority Is Denied, Shubrick T. Kothe S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendant's predecessor gave a promissory note in payment for goods delivered to him by a local merchant, who advertised himself as plaintiff's dealer. The note was payable at plaintiff's home office, and the conditional sale contract also provided that the payments were to be made at that office. The first two payments were made to the dealer, and subsequently accepted by the plaintiff. The third and final payment was also made to the dealer but not received by the company. Suit was instituted for the amount of the final payment. Judgment rendered on demurrer for the plaintiff. Held, the …
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Front Matter for Volume 45, Issue 5 of Michigan Law Review
De Minimis Non Curat Lex, Max L. Veech, Charles R. Moon
De Minimis Non Curat Lex, Max L. Veech, Charles R. Moon
Michigan Law Review
An age-old maxim often applied but infrequently rationalized is that of de minimus non curat lex. In the recent case of Steve Anderson v. Mt. Clemens Pottery Company, the United States Supreme Court focused attention upon the doctrine by ruling that it should be applied in determining whether "walking time" and other "preliminary activities" constitute "work" for which employees are entitled to compensation under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. The so-called "portal-to-portal" problems which have arisen as a result of the last mentioned ruling make timely a discussion of the origin, meaning, function and application of …
The Political And Social Factor In Legal Interpretation, Roscoe Pound
The Political And Social Factor In Legal Interpretation, Roscoe Pound
Michigan Law Review
We may think of the task of the legal order as one of maintaining the inner order of a politically organized society. The term "law" is not uncommonly used to include the task and the agencies by which we endeavor to achieve it. Thus it is used (as by sociologists and by the historical jurists) for all social control, and, by those who limit the term to a highly specialized social control through politically organized society, for (1) the legal order, the regime of adjusting relations and ordering conduct by systematic employment of the force of a state (the type …
Constitutional Law-Search And Seizure, Howard A. Jacobs S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Search And Seizure, Howard A. Jacobs S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The most important step in the development of this constitutional provision came in 1886 in the famous case of Boyd v. United States. There the Court gave life to the Fourth Amendment by recognizing its intimate relation to the Fifth Amendment; thus laying the foundation for the federal rule that the Fifth Amendment protects every person from incrimination by the use of evidence obtained through search or seizure made in violation of his rights under the Fourth Amendment. With the exception of a temporary setback in 1903, this rule, as restated in the Weeks case, has effectively weathered a …
Bailment-Unknown Chattels Contained In Object Bailed, B. E. Heath
Bailment-Unknown Chattels Contained In Object Bailed, B. E. Heath
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff's automobile was stolen from defendant's parking lot. Plaintiff had previously disclosed to defendant's agent that certain things were in the car, but had failed to mention other items also present. In an action to recover the value of all the items, held, recovery allowed only for those things that defendant knew were in the automobile, he being a bailee of those things only. Palotto v. Hanna Parking Garage Co., (Ohio 1946) 68 N.E. (2d) 170.
Contracts-Tender-Check As Tender, George A. Rinker
Contracts-Tender-Check As Tender, George A. Rinker
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff had paid $300 as down payment on a restaurant under contract of purchase from defendant. On the day specified in the contract for payment of the balance, plaintiff tendered to defendant a check drawn on the local bank and bearing the notation "OK G. R. P ." Defendant refused the check, saying he did not have to accept a check in payment, and that he did not know what the notation meant, even though plaintiff had told him it was placed there by the president of the local: bank, and meant that the check was good. Plaintiff recovered damages …
Corporations--Amendment Of By-Laws By Custom, Cornelia Groefsema S.Ed.
Corporations--Amendment Of By-Laws By Custom, Cornelia Groefsema S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In an application for a preliminary injunction to prevent stockholders from exercising their rights of ownership until there had been a determination whether such stock should be cancelled because issued without corporate authorization, the success of the petitioner depended upon whether a quorum of the directors was present at the meeting authorizing its issuance. This in turn depended upon whether the by-law requiring a board of directors of ten members had been amended by custom to require only seven. For the four years preceeding the meeting at which the stock was authorized, during which time, however, there were neither directors' …
Corporations-Torts-Liability Of A Corporate Officer For Inducing Corporation To Breach Its Contract, Ira M. Price, Ii
Corporations-Torts-Liability Of A Corporate Officer For Inducing Corporation To Breach Its Contract, Ira M. Price, Ii
Michigan Law Review
Defendant corporation elected to redeem its outstanding preferred stock at a price of $65 a share including accumulated dividends. When plaintiff tendered its certificates of the preferred stock for transfer to the corporation, the company refused to accept the certificates or to pay for them at their redemption price. Plaintiff alleged that defendant Vincent, president of defendant corporation and owner of most of its common stock, conspired with and induced the company to break its stock redemption contract with plaintiff after plaintiff's refusal to agree to share with Vincent 50 p.er cent of any profits that might accrue from redemption …
Duress Through Civil Litigation: I, John P. Dawson
Duress Through Civil Litigation: I, John P. Dawson
Michigan Law Review
Duress through the use of civil litigation provides a convenient starting point for an analysis of modern doctrines of economic duress. The propriety of this form of pressure, used alone or in conjunction with other means of coercion, may become an issue in a variety of situations in which relief for duress is asked. At the same time it is in this area that the extension of duress as a remedial principle has encountered the greatest resistance.
Corporations--Voting Trusts--Non-Compliance With Statute As Basis For Judicial Termination, Robert K. Eifler S.Ed.
Corporations--Voting Trusts--Non-Compliance With Statute As Basis For Judicial Termination, Robert K. Eifler S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Common stockholders of a corporation which had on December 15, 1938 made a valid five year extension of a voting trust agreement originally entered into on January 22, 1929 attempted on May 27, 1939, to extend further the agreement for an additional five years. Following a dispute over the election of corporate directors almost two years after the termination of the first extension, certain holders of voting trust certificates brought bills in chancery to compel redelivery of the common stock registered in the names of the voting trustees and to declare the invalidity of the election. Held, the instrument …
Deeds--Co-Tenancy--Conveyance By Grantor To Himself And Wife, John F. O'Connor S.Ed.
Deeds--Co-Tenancy--Conveyance By Grantor To Himself And Wife, John F. O'Connor S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Decedent executed a deed conveying to himself and wife "as joint tenants and not as tenants in common with the right of survivorship." After decedent's death, the surviving spouse, plaintiff in this action for specific performance, entered into a contract to sell the land described in the conveyance to defendants who declined to accept a deed from the plaintiff. Defense, that the conveyance executed by decedent did not create a joint tenancy, therefore plaintiff did not have full title to convey. Held, the deed created a joint tenancy with the right of survivorship in the wife, the surviving wife …
Federal Procedure-Impleader Under Rule I4-Lack Of Diversity Of Citizenship Between Original Plaintiff And Third-Party Defendant, Frank E. Roegge S.Ed.
Federal Procedure-Impleader Under Rule I4-Lack Of Diversity Of Citizenship Between Original Plaintiff And Third-Party Defendant, Frank E. Roegge S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a citizen of Connecticut sued defendant, a citizen of Ohio, for injuries received when the car in which plaintiff was a passenger collided with a truck driven by defendant. Defendant removed the case from a Connecticut state court to a federal district court and then obtained an order citing plaintiff's husband, a citizen of Connecticut and the driver of the car in which plaintiff was riding, as a third-party defendant under Rule 14 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Defendant had no claim against the third party by Connecticut substantive law which does not recognize contribution between tort-feasors. …
Trusts-Creditors' Claims Against The Trust Property-Liability Of Trustees In Representative Capacity, T. E. Norpell
Trusts-Creditors' Claims Against The Trust Property-Liability Of Trustees In Representative Capacity, T. E. Norpell
Michigan Law Review
Suit upon two notes signed by appellees, "Trustees, trading as the Annie Reisch Investment Company, a Common Law Trust of Sangamon County, Illinois." The notes, due in four months after date of execution, were purchased by the plaintiff, appellant, from the payee bank's receiver nine years after their maturity. This action was begun by complaint and cognovit and judgment was entered against the makers individually and as trustees. The individual defendants filed motions to open judgment against them individually; and upon motion for a summary judgment filed by defendants, held, by section 20 of the Negotiable Instruments Law, defendant …
Wills--Adopted Child As "Issue" Within Meaning Of Anti-Lapse Statute, George A. Rinker
Wills--Adopted Child As "Issue" Within Meaning Of Anti-Lapse Statute, George A. Rinker
Michigan Law Review
Testatrix, by her will, left the residue of her estate to her two sisters, their heirs and assigns forever. Appellee, an adopted daughter of one sister who predeceased testatrix, claimed one half of the residue by substitution under the Ohio anti-lapse statute. Held, an adopted child is "issue" within the meaning of the anti-lapse statute, which in terms provides that issue of a predeceased devisee will take. Appellee takes by substitution for her adoptive mother. Flynn v. Bredbeck, (Ohio 1946) 68 N.K (2d) 75.
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department undertakes to list and when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.
Corporations-Accrued Preferred Stock Dividends-Charter Amendment, T. M. Kubiniec S.Ed.
Corporations-Accrued Preferred Stock Dividends-Charter Amendment, T. M. Kubiniec S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In 1943 defendant corporation's charter was amended to cancel 5 per cent cumulative preferred stock, outstanding since 1926 or earlier, and all accrued dividends in exchange for new 5 per cent ,non-cumulative preferred and non-voting common stock. Dividends had accumulated on the old preferred stock both before and after 1939 in a total amount of $50 per share. The recapitalization plan rested on a 1939 amendment to the Ohio General Code providing that the terms of outstanding stock can be changed "in such a manner as to discharge (without payment), adjust or eliminate rights to accrued undeclared cumulative dividends" by …
Corporations-Foreign Corporations-Jurisdiction In Derivative Suits, E. M. Deal S.Ed.
Corporations-Foreign Corporations-Jurisdiction In Derivative Suits, E. M. Deal S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
As an aftermath of the much publicized circus fire in Hartford, Connecticut, on July 6, 1944, owners of 37 per cent of the stock of the circus corporation brought a derivative action against the officers and directors alleging failure to observe proper precautions and asking that the corporation be indemnified for losses sustained and for an accounting for certain corporation funds spent for the benefit of one of the- defendant directors. The suit was instituted in New York where the corporation was licensed to do business although the circus was incorporated in Delaware, wintered in Florida, and the cause of …
Executors And Administrators-Priority Of Payment Of United States Claims, E. M. Deal S.Ed.
Executors And Administrators-Priority Of Payment Of United States Claims, E. M. Deal S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
When decedent died in 1940, his personal estate was consumed by the widow's exemption and expenses of administration, leaving only a one-sixth interest in certain real estate formerly owned by his deceased father. Proceedings to partition this property resulted in a sum of $2,306.17 payable to decedent's widow, subject to the payment of his debts. The executors of one Davidson who had obtained a $24,588.00 judgment against decedent in 1933 claimed the entire fund as did the United States under tax liens entered in 1940 and 1941 of $2,202.89 and $8,904.67. The government based its claim on section 3466 of …
Libel And Slander-Classification Of Defamatory Broadcasts From A Prepared Script, Robert L. Cardon S.Ed.
Libel And Slander-Classification Of Defamatory Broadcasts From A Prepared Script, Robert L. Cardon S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In an action for libel or slander, plaintiff's complaint alleged that defendant, a radio commentator, broadcast from a prepared script a charge that plaintiff was the leader of a movement which favored peace because Germany was losing the war and blamed the United States for killing children in Europe and Asia. Defendant moved to dismiss the complaint; held, that the complaint stated a good cause of action. Since the remarks complained of were not defamatory per se, the court considered the decision as turning on whether they constituted libel or slander and held that they were libelous, distinguishing a …