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Articles 6781 - 6810 of 12807
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Trade-Marks And The Monopoly Phobia, Beverly W. Pattishall
Trade-Marks And The Monopoly Phobia, Beverly W. Pattishall
Michigan Law Review
If it can be said that trade-mark rights are, in fact, monopoly rights, it must be added that they are monopoly rights justified in the same way that one's own particular physiognomy is a monopoly or one's rights enumerated in the first ten amendments to the Constitution are individual monopolies.
Restraints On Alienation Of Legal Interests In Michigan Property: Iii, William F. Fratcher
Restraints On Alienation Of Legal Interests In Michigan Property: Iii, William F. Fratcher
Michigan Law Review
In England the impossibility of inter vivos creation of interests in expectancy in chattels and the unsuitability for the purpose of the devices of bailment and contract have tended to restrict attempts to restrain the alienation of chattels to the trust device and provisions in wills for forfeiture on alienation. The trust device involves equitable interests, which are beyond the scope of this study. In connection with a bequest of the use and occupation of chattels for life or a term of years the English courts would probably sustain the validity of a provision for forfeiture on alienation by way …
Legal Fraternities, Kenneth H. York
Legal Fraternities, Kenneth H. York
Michigan Law Review
No exact computation of the number of practicing attorneys who are members of legal fraternities is available. However, well over 120,000 law students have in the past 82 years affiliated with a legal fraternity-no account being taken of the numbers belonging to purely local societies. Since the great majority of these individuals have entered into the practice, it is apparent that the Survey of the Legal Profession would not be exhaustive without some reference to such organizations. Professional Greek-letter fraternities now exist in practically all conceivable fields from Animal Husbandry to Textile Arts. Their legal counterpart furnished the model.
Conflict Of Laws - Negotiable Instruments - Situs Of Bearer Bonds Under The Trading With The Enemy Act, W. H. Bates S.Ed.
Conflict Of Laws - Negotiable Instruments - Situs Of Bearer Bonds Under The Trading With The Enemy Act, W. H. Bates S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
ln a suit on a negotiable instrument, a problem arises as to just how many places can claim valid jurisdiction. Thus, where the domiciles of the parties to a negotiable instrument are diverse, there are several jurisdictional possibilities. For example, with regard to a negotiable bearer bond it may be said that there is sufficient contact with the parties and/or the property (1) at the place where it was issued, (2) at the present location of the certificate of indebtedness, (3) at the location of the debtor corporation's office or principal place of business, or (4) in the state of …
Patent Royalties As Capital Gains Under I.R.C., Section 117(A), Ruth E. Riddell
Patent Royalties As Capital Gains Under I.R.C., Section 117(A), Ruth E. Riddell
Michigan Law Review
With the incidence of high personal surtax rates, a patentee is ordinarily interested in deriving the greatest monetary return after taxes, measured in proportion to the extent of use over what he expects to be the increasingly productive life of the intangible right evidenced by his patent, without surrendering his option to reclaim the patent in event of insolvency or lack of diligence on the part of the person to whom he transfers the patent for exploitation. Although ideal for these purposes, the favorable capital gain status under section 117(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, requiring recognition of only fifty …
Admiralty-Duration Of Duty To Provide Maintenance And Cure, R. B. Barnett
Admiralty-Duration Of Duty To Provide Maintenance And Cure, R. B. Barnett
Michigan Law Review
Libelant, while employed as engineer on a vessel operated by the United States, suffered a heart attack. He was paid maintenance and cure from May 31, 1946, when he was discharged from the hospital, until May 26, 1947. This action was brought to recover maintenance and cure from that date until March 25, 1951, when he returned to work, less two periods during which he had been employed for 60 and 93 days. Since April 1947, libelant had received treatment consisting of sedatives and medications designed to relieve chest pains and other discomforts. It was acknowledged there had been little …
The Law Of Belligerent Occupation In The American Courts, Morris G. Shanker S.Ed.
The Law Of Belligerent Occupation In The American Courts, Morris G. Shanker S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
This comment will investigate the extent to which the law of belligerent occupation has actually become a part of the American municipal law, and thereby attempt to determine whether it was properly applied in this case.
The Uniform Code Of Military Justice-New Rights And A Means To Enforce Them, John F. Spindler
The Uniform Code Of Military Justice-New Rights And A Means To Enforce Them, John F. Spindler
Michigan Law Review
The Uniform Code of Military Justice, designed to govern the entire military establishment of the United States, was enacted May 5, 1950, replacing the three separate systems of law theretofore applied to the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Pressure for a uniform code was a reflection of the great surge toward unification of the Armed Services which followed World War II. The new Code, however, is not just a revision and consolidation of the prior systems of military law. World War II, with its great increase in the size of the Armed Services and in the percentage of the population …
Conflict Of Laws-Property-Law Governing Mortgage Deficiency Judgments, William O. Allen S.Ed.
Conflict Of Laws-Property-Law Governing Mortgage Deficiency Judgments, William O. Allen S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendant, a Michigan corporation, became a guarantor on a mortgage of land located in Alabama. Both the mortgage and underlying note were executed in Alabama and the note was payable there. Upon default, mortgagee, acting under a power of sale, foreclosed the mortgage and became the purchaser at the sale, which was duly conducted according to Alabama law. Mortgagee then brought this action in the federal district court for Michigan to recover the deficiency remaining due after foreclosure. Defendant claimed that the fair market value of the mortgaged property exceeded the balance due on the mortgage debt, and that under …
Bills And Notes-Right Of Maker Of Promissory Note To Set-Off In An Action By A Post-Maturity Transferee, Harold S. Lentz S.Ed.
Bills And Notes-Right Of Maker Of Promissory Note To Set-Off In An Action By A Post-Maturity Transferee, Harold S. Lentz S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In an action upon a promissory note by a holder who was a transferee after maturity, the maker sought to set-off collateral claims which he held against the holder's transferor. Section 58 of the Negotiable Instruments Law provides: ''In the hands of any holder other than a holder in due course a negotiable instrument is subject to the same defenses as if it were non-negotiable." Another statute of the jurisdiction allowed set-off of collateral claims against third persons in actions on negotiable instruments. The lower court refused to allow the set-off. On appeal, held, reversed. Section 58 of the …
Constitutional Law-Judcial Powers-State Taxpayer Denied Standing As Party In Interest In Bible Reading Case, Frank M. Bowen, Jr. S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Judcial Powers-State Taxpayer Denied Standing As Party In Interest In Bible Reading Case, Frank M. Bowen, Jr. S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiffs sought a judgment to declare unconstitutional a New Jersey statute which required the reading of five verses of the Old Testament at the opening of each day in the public schools. Plaintiffs contended that the practice under the statute was an "establishment of religion" prohibited by the First Amendment and applicable to the several states through the "due process" clause of the Fourteenth Amendment Both plaintiffs were taxpayers of New Jersey, and one was also the parent of a child who had attended a public school, but had left school before the appeal was taken. The Supreme Court of …
Corporations--Shareholders-Effect On Voting Trust Agreement Of Inability To Transfer Shares To The Voting Trustees, Peter Van Domelen
Corporations--Shareholders-Effect On Voting Trust Agreement Of Inability To Transfer Shares To The Voting Trustees, Peter Van Domelen
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff filed a petition in equity attacking his removal as a director and president of the defendant corporation on the grounds that such removal was brought about through the exercise of an alleged invalid voting trust agreement The plaintiff and another shareholder, each owning fifty per cent of the stock in the defendant corporation, had entered into a voting trust agreement by which they appointed themselves and a third party as voting trustees. At the time the trust agreement was executed, all of the stock was on deposit with an escrow agent subject to an existing escrow contract. Plaintiff challenged …
Corporations-Dividends-Majority Of The Board Of Directors As Indispensable Parties In A Suit To Compel The Declaration Of Corporate Dividends, James W. Callison
Corporations-Dividends-Majority Of The Board Of Directors As Indispensable Parties In A Suit To Compel The Declaration Of Corporate Dividends, James W. Callison
Michigan Law Review
A minority group of stockholders brought an action to compel a declaration of dividends on common stock, naming as defendants the Continental Mills company, four of the five directors of the corporation, and a majority stockholder. Effective service of process was made only on the corporation and two of the directors. The majority stockholder and the other two directors named appeared specially and obtained a dismissal of the action as to them. The two directors properly served then moved to dismiss the action for failure to include a majority of the board of directors as parties. Held, a majority …
Evidence-Res Ipsa Loquitur-Evidence Of Specific Negligence As Affecting Reliance Upon General Negligence, Frank Bowen, Jr. S.Ed.
Evidence-Res Ipsa Loquitur-Evidence Of Specific Negligence As Affecting Reliance Upon General Negligence, Frank Bowen, Jr. S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff sued in New York to recover for injuries sustained in a crash of an airplane owned and operated by the defendant. Plaintiff's pleading and proof relied upon general negligence and res ipsa loquitur, but after evidence of specific negligence was elicited upon cross examination of defendant's witness, plaintiff also used such specific negligence in argument to the jury. The defendant excepted to the jury instruction which gave the plaintiff the benefit of the res ipsa loquitur doctrine. Verdict was for the plaintiff. On appeal, held, the plaintiff was entitled to the benefit of the res ipsa loquitur doctrine, …
Evidence-Examination Of Witnesses-Use Of Pardoned Conviction To Attack Credibility Of Accused As Witness, Bernard A. Petrie S.Ed.
Evidence-Examination Of Witnesses-Use Of Pardoned Conviction To Attack Credibility Of Accused As Witness, Bernard A. Petrie S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
To attack the credibility of defendant charged with larceny of an automobile, the prosecution cross-examined him as to a prior conviction based upon unauthorized use of an automobile. Defendant had received a full pardon pursuant to a Presidential proclamation of general amnesty for federal offenders with one year or more of honorable World War II service. On appeal after conviction, held, affirmed, one judge dissenting. A full pardon does not deprive the state of the right to use a prior conviction in attacking the credibility of the accused as witness. Richards v. United States, (D.C. Cir. 1951) 192 …
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Deductibility Of Contributions To Profit-Sharing Trusts, W. H. Bates S.Ed.
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Deductibility Of Contributions To Profit-Sharing Trusts, W. H. Bates S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff corporation set up a profit sharing trust for the benefit of its employees as authorized under section 165(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan for the trust, as approved by the Treasury, provided that plaintiff should contribute annually an amount equal to 15 % of net income, as defined, not to exceed 15% of basic salary or wages of all eligible participating employees. For the tax year 1944 plaintiff claimed deductions under section 23(p)(1)(C) for an amount equal to 15% of the total participating payroll, which is actually the allowable maximum, but which in this case exceeded 15% …
Negligence-Liability For Negligence Of Minor Driver Imputed To Person Signing M:Rnor's Application For Driver's License, George D. Miller, Jr.
Negligence-Liability For Negligence Of Minor Driver Imputed To Person Signing M:Rnor's Application For Driver's License, George D. Miller, Jr.
Michigan Law Review
A father signed his daughter's application for a driver's license in accordance with the terms of a Utah statute, which required that the application for a minor's driver's license be signed by the parent or guardian, and imputed liability for the minor's negligence or wilful misconduct to the person signing the application. Before the daughter reached her majority (i.e., eighteenth birthday), the following events took place: (1) her mother was given sole custody of her in a divorce action; (2) she married; and (3) she negligently drove her car against the plaintiff, who brought suit against the daughter, her husband, …
Personal Property-Gifts-Beneficiary's Letter Directing Trustee To Transfer Accumulated Income As A Gift, Wendell B. Will S.Ed.
Personal Property-Gifts-Beneficiary's Letter Directing Trustee To Transfer Accumulated Income As A Gift, Wendell B. Will S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The donor was entitled to the income of a trust for her life. Income in the amount of $9,000 had accrued in the hands of the trustee and was subject to the immediate call of the donor. While a resident of Spain, the donor wrote a letter addressed to the trustee in New York reciting that she was in poor physical condition and desirous of distributing her American money. The letter directed the trustee to transfer the accumulated income to the donee. Because of troubles with the Spanish Government the donor did not wish to mail the letter directly to …
Real Property-Licenses-Revocability Of Parol Licenses Which Have Been Acted Upon, Charles E. Oldfather
Real Property-Licenses-Revocability Of Parol Licenses Which Have Been Acted Upon, Charles E. Oldfather
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, operator of a boat company, owned land adjoining a river. X held land between that of the plaintiff and a county road. Plaintiff, seeking to secure a way from his property to the county road, offered by letter to purchase forty acres from X, and upon refusal, attempted to buy a forty foot strip, which was again refused. There was further correspondence, in which the parties referred to an "easement" or a "right of way," which terminated in a letter from X saying: ''From the standpoint of this company, there will be no objection to you building a …
Notes, Michigan Law Review
Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The information given in the notes is derived from inspection of the books, publishers' literature, and the ordinary library sources.
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Gain On Sale Of Livestock, David F. Ulmer S.Ed.
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Gain On Sale Of Livestock, David F. Ulmer S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Taxpayer was engaged in the business of raising and breeding beef cattle. Each year he would add to the breeding herd the young females raised the previous year and would cull from the herd those older cows who had outlived their most productive years and such young heifers as had proved unproductive. These culls were sold on the market, and taxpayer returned the amounts received from these sales as capital asset gain. The Commissioner assessed a deficiency claiming the sales resulted in ordinary income. Held, the sale of culls from a breeding herd is treated as a sale of …
Torts-False Imprisonment-Public Nuisance-Liability For Double Parking, James I. Huston S.Ed.
Torts-False Imprisonment-Public Nuisance-Liability For Double Parking, James I. Huston S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendant had unlawfully double parked his car, thereby blocking plaintiffs' car which was parked at the curb. Plaintiffs sued for $25, alleging only discomfort and inconvenience as their damage. Defendant moved for judgment on the pleading. Held, the complaint states a good cause of action on a public nuisance theory. Harnik v. Levine, Municipal Court of City of New York, 106 N.Y.S. (2d) 460 (1951).
Monthly Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Monthly Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department lists the articles and comments which appear in leading law reviews. The index embraces material published since the last issue of this REVIEW.
Trusts-Revocation-Tentative Trusts, Wendell B. Will S.Ed.
Trusts-Revocation-Tentative Trusts, Wendell B. Will S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Deceased deposited money in a saving account entitled, ''Deceased in trust for Plaintiff," and made several deposits and withdrawals. Shortly after the initial deposit she informed the plaintiff of the existence of the account. By a subsequent will deceased left her entire estate to the defendant under circumstances evidencing an intention that the funds in the account not go to the plaintiff. On appeal, held, reversed for defendant. A deposit in such form creates a tentative trust which is not made irrevocable by notice to the beneficiary and which may be revoked by a subsequent will. Brucks v. Home …
Elkouri: How Arbitration Works., Gabriel N. Alexander
Elkouri: How Arbitration Works., Gabriel N. Alexander
Michigan Law Review
A Review of HOW ARBITRATION WORKS. By Frank Elkouri.
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Exempt Corporations-Statutory Interpretation, Patrick J. Ledwidge
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Exempt Corporations-Statutory Interpretation, Patrick J. Ledwidge
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff corporation was organized in 1947 by physicians who had formerly maintained a clinic for the practice of medicine as a partnership. The articles of incorporation provided that there should be no capital stock and no dividends, and stated that plaintiff was organized as a non-profit corporation for the purpose of providing medical treatment and hospitalization to sick and injured persons without regard to ability to pay therefor, and of providing such other incidental charitable services as the "trustees" of the corporation should prescribe. Pursuant to its by-laws, plaintiff paid such annual salaries to its member physicians as the trustees, …
Wills-Integration, Robert L. Sandblom S.Ed.
Wills-Integration, Robert L. Sandblom S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The requirement of formal attestation in the English Statute of Frauds of 1678 and the Statute of Wills of 1837 gave rise for the first time to the necessity of placing all testamentary dispositions in a single document. Prior to these statutes, all that had been necessary was that wills be in writing and exhibit the testamentary intent of the author. Therefore, plural writings, however inconsistent or fragmentary they might have been, were necessarily parts of the will to be given effect. No rules for integration were needed under such loose requirements of execution. Attestation under the Statute of Frauds …
Bankruptcy-Powers Of The Trustee-Llens By Legal Or Equitable Proceedings Under Section 70c, Edward D. Goldstein S.Ed.
Bankruptcy-Powers Of The Trustee-Llens By Legal Or Equitable Proceedings Under Section 70c, Edward D. Goldstein S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Husband and wife filed a petition in bankruptcy. They petitioned the United States District Court for the Southern District of California to set aside their residence from the bankruptcy estate as exempt property. They had not filed their declaration of homestead until after the petition in bankruptcy. The district court set aside the property as exempt. On appeal, held, affirmed. Under California law homestead exemptions can be perfected after a petition in bankruptcy. The trustee's claim that section 70c of the Bankruptcy Act gave him a lien that prevailed over a homestead claim subsequently recorded was denied on the …
Labor Law-Jurisdiction Of Nlrb Under Self-Imposed Limitations, Bernard L. Goodman S.Ed., Robert S. Griggs S.Ed.
Labor Law-Jurisdiction Of Nlrb Under Self-Imposed Limitations, Bernard L. Goodman S.Ed., Robert S. Griggs S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Under the original National Labor Relations Act of 1935 and that act as it stands amended by Title I of the Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947, Congress has conferred upon the National Labor Relations Board regulatory authority in certain areas of industrial relations, the jurisdictional extent of which is conterminous with the power of the federal government under the commerce clause of the Constitution. At an early date, however, the Board determined that ''budgetary limitations as well as the need to avoid diffusion of its time and energy ... [justified] it in not exerting its jurisdictional authority to the legal …
Promissory Estoppel: Principle From Precedents: Ii, Benjamin F. Boye
Promissory Estoppel: Principle From Precedents: Ii, Benjamin F. Boye
Michigan Law Review
It is ancient learning that a person is free to refuse to accept an appointment as agent but that "acceptance must be followed by execution or prompt resignation." Though such was the law of the Romans of Justinian's time, it has taken our courts many years to reach the same conclusion. Indeed, it was not until the Restatement of Agency was published in 1933 that the basis of liability of one who gratuitously undertook to act as agent for another was expressed in approximately the same form.