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Articles 7201 - 7230 of 8432
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Federal Practice--Unconstitionality Of A State Statutye-Requirement Of A Three-Judge Court
Federal Practice--Unconstitionality Of A State Statutye-Requirement Of A Three-Judge Court
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff corporation applied for a preliminary injunction in a suit to restrain the collection of a state franchise tax on the ground that the tax law was unconstitutional under the federal Constitution. After the complaint had been filed and a temporary restraining order had been granted, the defendant moved to dismiss the bill for want of equity, and upon a hearing of the motion the bill was dismissed. The plaintiff then appealed to the circuit court of appeals where the law was held to be unconstitutional and the judgment was reversed. Held, the single judge had no jurisdiction …
Landlord And Tenant--Liability Of Landlord To Adjacent Owner For Nuisances Created By The Tennant
Landlord And Tenant--Liability Of Landlord To Adjacent Owner For Nuisances Created By The Tennant
Michigan Law Review
L's lands, which occupied the bed and west bank of Santiago Creek, separated P's land from the creek. T held under a lease from L. T excavated for sand, rock and gravel in such a way as to constitute a nuisance. By mutual agreement L and T cancelled the old lease and entered into a new one. Subsequent to the new lease a flood occurred and, as a result of the previously created nuisance, part of P's land was washed away. P sued L. The court instructed that if a nuisance were created during the first lease and was in …
Wills-Interlineation-Incorporation By Reference
Wills-Interlineation-Incorporation By Reference
Michigan Law Review
A will was completely executed on one side of the page. In the margin, but above the testator's signature, were written the words, "See other side for completion." On the reverse side were the words, "Continuation from the other side," followed by a dispositive clauses. There was no signature on the second page, but it was proved that these clauses were written before the testator signed on the first page. Under 15 Viet; c. 24, sec.1 no signature shall be operative to give effect to any disposition which is. underneath or which follows it. Held, that the writing on …
Workmen's Compensation Acts-Single Side Venture As A Business Of The Employer
Workmen's Compensation Acts-Single Side Venture As A Business Of The Employer
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiffs, whose regular occupation was that of farming, were under a contract to move a house. The claimant, employed by the plaintiffs to assist in the undertaking (it does not appear whether he was regularly employed by them as a farmhand), was injured when a bridge, over which the house was being moved, fell into the river. Held, the injury was not compensable under the Workmen's Compensation Act since the employment was not "in the course of a trade, business, profession, or occupation'' of the employers. Vandervort v. Industrial Commission (Wis. 1931) 234 N.W. 492.
Review: A Textbook On Law And Business, J. Wayne Ley
Review: A Textbook On Law And Business, J. Wayne Ley
Michigan Law Review
A Book Review on A TEXTBOOK ON LAW AND BUSINESS By William H. Spencer
Succession By Murderer-Applicability Of Constructive Trust
Succession By Murderer-Applicability Of Constructive Trust
Michigan Law Review
There do not seem to have been any decided cases in the early common law on the question whether a murderer could succeed to the title to property left by his victim, or derive any benefit from his crime. By the civil law the legal title passed to the criminal, and was afterwards confiscated by the state. What may be said to be the modem rule is not so definitely determined, The numerical majority of cases, beginning with the first case to be decided on the exact question in 1888, have held that he could not succeed. But the decisions …
Crimes-Right Of Jury To Recommend Mercy
Crimes-Right Of Jury To Recommend Mercy
Michigan Law Review
In a trial for murder, under a statute which provided that if the jury found the accused guilty of murder they might recommend him or her to the mercy of the court, thus reducing the punishment from death to life imprisonment, the court instructed the jury, ''You cannot of your own free will recommend or not recommend [mercy] because you are opposed to capital punishment." Exception was taken on the grounds that this circumscribed the statutory privilege of the jury to recommend mercy. Held, the instruction was erroneous and constituted grounds for new trial. State v. Blakely (S. C. …
The Rule In Lemayne V. Stanley, Philip Mechem
The Rule In Lemayne V. Stanley, Philip Mechem
Michigan Law Review
In the leading case of Lemayne v. Stanley the testator's will, written by his own hand, began: "In the name of God, Amen, I John Stanley make this my last will and testament * * *" and was otherwise unsigned. The court of common pleas held the will duly signed, "for being written by himself, and his name in the will, it is a sufficient signing within the statute which does not appoint where the will shall be signed, in the top, bottom or margin, and therefore a signing in any part is sufficient."
Constitutional Law-Validity Of The Eighteenth Amendment
Constitutional Law-Validity Of The Eighteenth Amendment
Michigan Law Review
Defendants were indicted for violation of the National Prohibition Act, and on motion to quash they argued that the Eighteenth Amendment under which this statute was enacted conferred new direct powers upon the United States and, within the intent of Article V of the Constitution, could not be properly ratified except by convention. The lower court, on a theory of political interpretation, agreed; indictment quashed. On appeal to the Supreme Court it was held, that the Eighteenth Amendment was lawfully ratified by a method clearly and unequivocally left to the election of Congress. United States v. Sprague, U. …
Review: Saving Taxes In Drafting Wills And Trusts, E. B. Stason
Review: Saving Taxes In Drafting Wills And Trusts, E. B. Stason
Michigan Law Review
A Review of: SAVING TAXES IN DRAFTING WILLS AND TRUSTS By Joseph J. Robinson.
Collateral Attack Upon Foreign Judgments The Doctrine Of Pemberton V. Hughes, Fowler Vincent Harper
Collateral Attack Upon Foreign Judgments The Doctrine Of Pemberton V. Hughes, Fowler Vincent Harper
Michigan Law Review
In Pemberton v. Hughes the action was brought in England, by one Sarah E. Pemberton claiming to be the widow of Francis Alexander Pemberton, for certain property rights incident to widowhood. Whether plaintiff was the widow of Pemberton depended upon the validity of their alleged marriage, which in tum depended upon the validity of a Florida divorce of the lady from a former husband. In the divorce action in question, service of summons had been made upon the present plaintiff one day less than the statutory period before appearance. Under the law of Florida, such a defective service rendered the …
Recognition Cases In American Courts, 1923-1930, John S. Tennant
Recognition Cases In American Courts, 1923-1930, John S. Tennant
Michigan Law Review
Although the Soviets have maintained complete, uninterrupted, and practically undisputed control over most of the territory of the former Russian Empire for more than ten years, the United States still refuses to recognize the Soviet government as the international representative of Russia. The first general consideration of the legal situation engendered by the policy of our government was contained in an article by Professor Edwin D. Dickinson, "The Unrecognized Government or State in English and American Law,'' which appeared in the Michigan Law Review in 1923. In view of the importance of this matter, and the number of cases involving …
Landlord And Tenant-Interference With Possession Of Tenant As Basis For Suit By Landlord-Injunction
Landlord And Tenant-Interference With Possession Of Tenant As Basis For Suit By Landlord-Injunction
Michigan Law Review
In the recent case of Petty v. Langan the South Dakota court granted to a landlord an injunction restraining a third party who claimed the right to a lease, "from going upon the land or interfering witμ the right of plaintiff and his tenant to the possession thereof." No authority was cited by the court for the position it took, and the result is hard to square with orthodox views, but the holding appears sound on principle and desirable.
Mortgages - Exchange For Deed With Option To Repurchase Or Sell To A Third Person And Take The Excess Of Purchase Money
Michigan Law Review
There is no principle more firmly established in equity than the one that the right of redemption constitutes an integral part of every mortgage. Neither by a stipulation in the mortgage itself, nor by any separate contemporaneous agreement, nor by giving a deed intended as a mortgage is it possible for the mortgagor to waive his equitable right to redeem. The application of this principle makes ineffectual the delivery of a deed in escrow at the time the note and mortgage are given, on condition that if the mortgagor does not pay his debt promptly the deed shall be delivered …
Administative Tribunals-Judicial Review Of Legislative Functions
Administative Tribunals-Judicial Review Of Legislative Functions
Michigan Law Review
On refusal of the Federal Radio Commission to renew its license for a broadcasting station with the existing terms, on the ground that public convenience and necessity did not require it, the applicant company availed itself of a statutory appeal to the court of appeals of the District of Columbia which reversed the finding as to public convenience and necessity. The commission applied to the United States Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari. Held, writ dismissed on the theory that the court had no jurisdiction to review the exercise pf an administrative or legislative power, and that the …
Adverse Possession-Possession By Church Corporation
Adverse Possession-Possession By Church Corporation
Michigan Law Review
This was an action in ejectment. The defendant, a church corporation, claimed title to the land in question, which adjoined the church, by virtue of adverse possession. Held, that the rule that a corporation can show possession only by proving formal corporate acts is inapplicable to a church organization, members of which constitute the corporation, and that the acts of the members of the church in using this property to park cars on, for social purposes, etc., were, in effect, corporate acts of the church so as to vest title in that organization. Davy v. Trustees of Protestant Episcopal …
Conflict Of Laws--Contracts--Excuses For Non-Performance
Conflict Of Laws--Contracts--Excuses For Non-Performance
Michigan Law Review
Libellant sought to recover on a contract made in Duluth for the shipment of grain by defendant from Duluth to Montreal. The grain was reshipped by defendant at Port Colbourne, Ontario, and was sunk in the St. Lawrence River. Canadian Water Carrier of Goods Act, sec. 6 (9-10 Edw. VII, c. 81), provides that if the owner of any ship carrying merchandise from any port in Canada exercises due diligence to make the ship in all respects seaworthy and properly manned, neither the ship, owner, agent, nor charterer shall be liable for faults in navigation. The court held defendant was …
Crimes-Influence From The Defendants Failure To Testify
Crimes-Influence From The Defendants Failure To Testify
Michigan Law Review
The testimony given on a trial for murder indicated that the defendant had shot and killed one of his pursuers while fleeing the scene of a robbery in which he had taken a principal part. The trial court instructed the jury that the defendant, while not compellable, was competent to be a witness in his own behalf; and that although his failure to take the stand raised no presumption of his guilt, if facts were testified to which were accusations against the defendant which he could by his oath deny, and he failed to take the stand in his own …
Evidence-Admission By Party Litigant-Substantive Proof Or Impeachment
Evidence-Admission By Party Litigant-Substantive Proof Or Impeachment
Michigan Law Review
ln an action against an employer for personal injuries, after the plaintiff had testified as to negligence of a fellow servant, his signed statement detailing a contrary account of the injury was introduced. The trial judge charged that the statement was admissible only for the purpose of contradicting the plaintiff's testimony. Held, it was admissible as a declaration against interest with probative value, as well as to impeach the plaintiff's testimony. Pub. Utilities Corp. v. Carden (Ark. 1930) 32 S.W.(2d) 1058.
Injunction-Right To Labor As Property-Clayton Act
Injunction-Right To Labor As Property-Clayton Act
Michigan Law Review
The Texas & New Orleans R R engaged in promoting the organization of an association among its clerical employees in the nature of a company union. Its purpose was to secure control over the selection of representatives by the employees in the board of mediation provided for by the Railway Labor Act of 1926 (U. S. C. tit. 45, c. 8, par. 152). The Brotherhood of Railway Clerks sought an injunction against such interference on the ground that the Railway Labor Act prohibited "interference, influence, or coercion exercised by either party over the self-organization or designation of representatives by the …
Sales-Rescission For Breach Of Warranty-Use Or Payment After Knowledge Of Defects
Sales-Rescission For Breach Of Warranty-Use Or Payment After Knowledge Of Defects
Michigan Law Review
In February, plaintiff sold defendant a cement mixer with, as defendant claimed, an express warranty. It did not work properly, and attempts were made by both parties to put it in order. Plaintiff refused to aid further, but defendant claimed that plaintiff earnestly requested him to make a further trial. In June, defendant made a payment. In September, he gave up attempts to make the machine work and notified plaintiff to take it back. Plaintiff sued for the balance of the price. Held, by defendant's version of the facts he had at one time a right to rescind. It …
Taxation-Excise Measured By Income From Copyrights
Taxation-Excise Measured By Income From Copyrights
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a New York corporation, brought a bill to enjoin the Attorney-General of New York and others from collecting under a New York statute a tax levied "for the privilege of exercising its franchise in this state in a corporate or organized capacity," and measured by "income from any source," which had been interpreted to include income derived from copyrights, on the ground that the statute, as applied, infringed the federal Constitution. Held, three judges dissenting, that the tax was an excise tax levied for the privilege of doing business in a corporate capacity and that a constitutionally permissible …
Trusts--Exercise Of A Power With Consent Of Trustee-Retroactive Federal Inheritance Tax
Trusts--Exercise Of A Power With Consent Of Trustee-Retroactive Federal Inheritance Tax
Michigan Law Review
A trust, established in 1908, reserved a power to the settlor to alter or amend the provisions of the trust, conditioned on the assent of the trustee. 26 U. S. C. A. sec. 1094 (d), Rev. Act (1926) sec. 302 (d), which applied to trusts subject at the date of death to any change through the exercise of a power either by the decedent alone or in conjunction with any person, to alter, amend or revoke, was made retroactive by clause (h) of the same section. Held, since the transfer was complete before the death of the settler, section …
Review: Cases On Constitutional Law, Thomas C. Lavery
Review: Cases On Constitutional Law, Thomas C. Lavery
Michigan Law Review
A Review of: CASES ON CONSTITUTIONAL LAW By Dudley O. McGovney.
Review: Stephen J. Field: Craftsman Of Tbe Law., Everett S. Brown
Review: Stephen J. Field: Craftsman Of Tbe Law., Everett S. Brown
Michigan Law Review
A Review of: STEPHEN J. FIELD: CRAFTSMAN OF TBE LAW
Review: The Public And Its Government. By Professor Felix Frankfurter, Forrest Revere Black
Review: The Public And Its Government. By Professor Felix Frankfurter, Forrest Revere Black
Michigan Law Review
A Review of THE PUBLIC AND ITS GOVERNMENT By Professor Felix Frankfurter.
Failed Banks, Collection Items, And Trust Preferences, George Gleason Bogert
Failed Banks, Collection Items, And Trust Preferences, George Gleason Bogert
Michigan Law Review
About 1,200 banks failed in the United States during the year 1930, and failures for the years 1921-1929 averaged over 600 a year. Each of these bank failures doubtless involved several problems regarding collection items. In each case it was almost inevitable that there should be found among the assets in the hands of the defunct bank several items held for collection but not yet collected, and also that a number of items should have been collected but no effective remittance made on account of such collection. There thus arose a series of controversies between the banks or individuals which …
Broad Counterclaims As Means Of Obtaining Jurisdiction Over Nonresidents
Broad Counterclaims As Means Of Obtaining Jurisdiction Over Nonresidents
Michigan Law Review
Broad counterclaim statutes are desirable because they allow cross demands to compensate each other, and because they avoid multiplicity of suits. These two advantages are alone sufficient to justify broad counterclaims, but there is a further advantage in that a broad counterclaim statute permits a resident in a suit brought against him by a nonresident to set up any independent claim against that nonresident which-he may have without prosecuting a separate action. Not only is it a heavier expense to bring a separate action, but it is often impossible to do so without going to the domicil of the nonresident …
Intoxicating Liquors-Liability Of Purchaser To Federal Prosecution
Intoxicating Liquors-Liability Of Purchaser To Federal Prosecution
Michigan Law Review
Considering the tremendous amount of public interest evinced in all cases arising under the Eighteenth Amendment and the Volstead Act, it seems strange, at first glance, that more attention has not been paid by the courts to the purchaser of intoxicating beverages. Since the passage of the National Prohibition Act the dockets have been crowded with cases dealing with the sale, manufacture, and transportation of intoxicants, but it was not until ten years after the passage of the Act that the United States Supreme Court was asked to consider the legality of the purchase of liquor as such. The question …
Malpractice Actions And Compensation Acts, Paul A. Leidy
Malpractice Actions And Compensation Acts, Paul A. Leidy
Michigan Law Review
S, an employee, is injured as the result of the negligence of his employer, M; S is taken for treatment to the office of X, a competent physician or surgeon selected by S or by M; on this particular occasion X is negligent and as a result of X's negligence S's two weeks' injury is aggravated and the period of disability becomes one of two months' duration. At common law, inasmuch as the original injury was one for which M was legally responsible, S could recover from M for the entire disability-that resulting directly from the original negligence of M …