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Michigan Law Review

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Anti-Chain Store Legislation, Hugh A. Fulton Dec 1931

Anti-Chain Store Legislation, Hugh A. Fulton

Michigan Law Review

During the past few years chain store merchandising has made such serious inroads upon the trade of independent wholesale and retail merchants that they have been forced to use every expedient within their reach in order to survive. They have banded together in order to achieve the economies which have made chain store merchandising so successful and have been rewarded with a large measure of success and even with the hope of competing on an equal basis with the average chain system. But they have not been satisfied with merely seeking to operate on a smaller margin of profit. They …


Criminal Jurisdiction And The Territorial Principle, Wendell Berge Dec 1931

Criminal Jurisdiction And The Territorial Principle, Wendell Berge

Michigan Law Review

The authority of legislatures and courts in criminal matters is supposed to be circumscribed by the territorial boundaries of the state. That as a general proposition the criminal law of a state has no extraterritorial operation, few lawyers would question. But an uncritical acceptance of the proposition is not warranted. Merely to assert that the authority of a state over crime ends at its territorial boundaries is of no help in settling jurisdictional questions in complicated crime situations in which the constituent acts of the crime occur in different states. Modern criminals have little concern for political boundaries except as …


Bills And Notes - Post-Dated Checks - Criminal Liability Dec 1931

Bills And Notes - Post-Dated Checks - Criminal Liability

Michigan Law Review

The defendant was indicted for violating a statute which prohibited the drawing of a check with knowledge that funds were insufficient for payment. (Laws of S. D., 1923, c. 121.) The statute provided for abatement of any criminal prosecution upon the defendant's showing that he had an account with the drawee bank thirty days before the check was delivered and had no intent to defraud, and also paid the amount of the check and costs. It was also provided that the statute was inapplicable if the drawee honored the check. The defendant had drawn what is known as a post-dated …


Bills And Notes - Presentment - Waiver Dec 1931

Bills And Notes - Presentment - Waiver

Michigan Law Review

In an action by the holder against the indorser of a promissory note the question, on the defendant's motion to strike, was whether there was raised a question of fact as to a waiver by the defendant of presentment and notice of dishonor. The plaintiff relied on two letters as evidence of such waiver. One, a letter from the plaintiff to the defendant stating that the note was past due and not paid; and the other, the reply of the defendant Samuel Kullman to the indorser, that "the note will be taken care of not later than next week," but …


Crimes - Burglary - Structures Subject To Dec 1931

Crimes - Burglary - Structures Subject To

Michigan Law Review

The defendant broke and entered a frame poultry house. Held, the indictment for burglary was sufficient under the statute denouncing the breaking and entering of uninhabited dwelling houses or other buildings. Stover v. State, 37 Ohio App. 213, 174 N.E. 613 (1930).


Insurance - Estoppel - Parol Evidence Rule Dec 1931

Insurance - Estoppel - Parol Evidence Rule

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff sued on a fire policy. The insurer defended on the ground that plaintiff had violated a condition of the policy which provided that there would be no liability if loss occurred while the property was encumbered by a chattel mortgage, unless the company's written consent thereto was endorsed on the policy. Plaintiff sought to estop the defendant as to this defense because of insurer's agent's assurances, given before and after the issuance of the policy, that the policy would permit him to encumber the goods. Held, defendant's demurrer to plaintiff's replication should be sustained because of plaintiff's …


Book Notes And Notices Dec 1931

Book Notes And Notices

Michigan Law Review

This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current, books on law and related subjects (e.g. economics, business, finance, sociology, government, etc.) which are of possible value to the legal profession.


Crimes - Right To Bail Of Prisoner Held For Extradition Nov 1931

Crimes - Right To Bail Of Prisoner Held For Extradition

Michigan Law Review

The prisoner, who was wanted on an indictment in Iowa, had been apprehended in Minnesota under a rendition warrant issued by the governor of that state upon the requisition of the governor of Iowa. Habeas corpus proceedings were brought in the lower court to test the validity of the warrant, but the prisoner was remanded to the custody of the sheriff. He appealed this decision, and made application to fix bail pending the appeal. Held, it is doubtful if the court has the power to admit to bail after the governor's warrant has been issued, and even if the …


Constitutional Law--Compelling Witness Duty From Absent Nationals Nov 1931

Constitutional Law--Compelling Witness Duty From Absent Nationals

Michigan Law Review

One Blackmer, a citizen of the United States wanted as a witness in the prosecution of Fall and Sinclair, removed to France. Primarily for the purpose of compelling him to return as a witness, Congress enacted, in 1926, the statute commonly known as the Walsh Act. This act provides that whenever the Attorney General or any assistant or district attorney acting under him desires as a witness in a criminal action a person abroad who is a "citizen of the United States or domiciled therein," a subpoena may be issued addressed to a United States consul to be served by …


Review Of A Review, Charles E. Clark Nov 1931

Review Of A Review, Charles E. Clark

Michigan Law Review

In an interesting review of WALSH ON EQUITY, in 29 MICH. L. REV. I I 22 (June 1931 ), Professor Clarence D. Laylin appears to ascribe to me parenthood for some pleading concepts set forth in that excellent treatise ( of which I heartily approve; compare my review in 8 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY LAW QUARTERLY REVIEW 521, March, 1931). Although these ideas have been supported by able writers and courts for some time, I should not object to the honor but for the fact that Professor Laylin also seems to assume premises which in my opinion are most inimical to …


State Juvenile Court Procedure For Federal Juvenile Offenders, Howard E. Wahrenbrock Nov 1931

State Juvenile Court Procedure For Federal Juvenile Offenders, Howard E. Wahrenbrock

Michigan Law Review

The Report on the Child Offender in the Federal System of Justice recommends the enactment of federal legislation which will provide means of utilizing the machinery of existing state juvenile courts where federal laws have been violated by children. The details of such legislation are not suggested in the Report. The legal questions to be encountered in the framing of such legislation call for careful consideration if full advantage is to be taken of the knowledge which the study made for the Commission furnishes. Some of the questions of more general interest will be taken as the subject of this …


Taxation-Retroactive Application Of Federal Estate Tax Laws Nov 1931

Taxation-Retroactive Application Of Federal Estate Tax Laws

Michigan Law Review

Since the passage of the first federal estate tax laws in 1916, many difficult problems have presented themselves to the United States Supreme Court and the inferior federal courts with respect to their application. Possibly nothing in this field has caused more trouble than the decision as to whether and to what extent Congress has the power to tax retroactively gifts made in contemplation of death and transfers intended to take effect in possession or enjoyment at or after the death of the donor; and further, assuming it has such power, exactly what constitutes a gift or transfer within the …


Appeal And Error - General Verdict On Several Counts- Several Specifications Of Negligence As Constituting One Cause Of Action Nov 1931

Appeal And Error - General Verdict On Several Counts- Several Specifications Of Negligence As Constituting One Cause Of Action

Michigan Law Review

In a highway accident case the plaintiff made five distinct allegations of negligence: failure to place lights upon a plank which had been placed across a highway; failure to remove the plank; permitting and suffering the plank to be placed where it was dangerous to travel; failure to construct poles, gates, and guards so that persons using the highway would be informed of the dangerous situation; and failure to employ a watchman to warn the public of the existence of the obstruction. Held, there was but one act of negligence, hence but one cause of action. Therefore, an erroneous …


Report On The Cost Of Crime, Herbert F, Taggart Nov 1931

Report On The Cost Of Crime, Herbert F, Taggart

Michigan Law Review

The full title of the twelfth report of the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement is "Report on the Cost of Crime and Criminal Justice in the United States." A more descriptive title, suggested by the actual content of the report, would be "The Economic Consequences of Crime." The report constitutes a volume of 657 pages, of which the report proper covers 453 pages, and various appendices make up the balance. For the hasty reader the most essential parts are the first eight pages, constituting the Commission's comments, and the summary and recommendations, of Messrs. Goldthwaite H. Dorr and …


Taxatl0n - Liability Of Profit Made On Sale Of State Bonds To Federal Income Tax Nov 1931

Taxatl0n - Liability Of Profit Made On Sale Of State Bonds To Federal Income Tax

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, a resident of England, and defendant, a resident of New York, entered into a contract for the sale and delivery of zinc. By a clause in the contract the parties agreed that all differences arising thereunder should be arbitrated at London pursuant to the arbitration law of Great Britain. Differences arose, and the plaintiff requested the defendant in New York to concur in the selection of an arbitrator, serving notice that, in the event of failure so to do, application would be made for appointment of one as provided by statute. This notice was ignored, and a form of …


Front Matter, Michigan Law Review Nov 1931

Front Matter, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Front Matter for Volume 30, Issue 1 of Michigan Law Review


Reports Of The National Commission On Law Observance And Enforcement Nov 1931

Reports Of The National Commission On Law Observance And Enforcement

Michigan Law Review

The article section of this issue of the Law Review is devoted to a consideration of the work of the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement, commonly called the Wickersham Commission.


Preliminary Report On Observance And Enforcement Of Prohibition And The Report Supplemental Thereto, Edson R. Sunderland Nov 1931

Preliminary Report On Observance And Enforcement Of Prohibition And The Report Supplemental Thereto, Edson R. Sunderland

Michigan Law Review

The Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement was organized on May 28, 1929. Within six months it issued a Preliminary Report on Observance and Enforcement of Prohibition, under date of November 21, 1929, and shortly thereafter issued a Report supplemental thereto.


Report On The Enforcement Of The Prohibition Laws Of The United States, Albert E. Sawyer Nov 1931

Report On The Enforcement Of The Prohibition Laws Of The United States, Albert E. Sawyer

Michigan Law Review

An attempt will be made in this comment to state the important points in the Report, and to bring together the scattered references to the various groups of information contained in the third collection now being printed by the Senate and to outline very briefly in an appendix the principal relationships between this and the Commission's report. This last is offered in the hope that it may stimulate interest in a closer analysis of this mass of very useful information which might otherwise suffer neglect, not only because of its bulk, but also because of its lack of organization.


Report On Prosecution, Rollin M. Perkins Nov 1931

Report On Prosecution, Rollin M. Perkins

Michigan Law Review

The logical starting point was the discovery and restatement of existing knowledge and information on these subjects, and because of the tremendous mass of material which has appeared in the form of surveys and reports within the last decade and a half, it was deemed wise to enlist the services of an expert in such matters. The analysis which he has produced, let it be added, amply justifies the Commission in his selection.


Progress Report On The Study Of The Federal Courts, Edson R. Sunderland Nov 1931

Progress Report On The Study Of The Federal Courts, Edson R. Sunderland

Michigan Law Review

Report No. 7 is a progress report on the study of the Federal Courts. It describes the plan and scope of the study and presents the results which have been obtained in the only district where sufficiently complete data have been obtained to justify tabulation, namely, the district of Connecticut.


Report On Lawlessness In Law Enforcement, John Barker Waite Nov 1931

Report On Lawlessness In Law Enforcement, John Barker Waite

Michigan Law Review

The first part of this Report offers taxpayers little return on their investment. All it even purports to do is to inform the public that the police throughout the country sometimes use intolerable, brutal methods to extract information concerning crime and occasionally keep arrested persons out of communication with lawyers and friends until they can be questioned at length. But of these facts the public was already convinced through newspaper and magazine. Indeed, the Report itself uses the widespread public knowledge of the evil as evidence of its existence. Yet, beyond this repetition of already accepted beliefs, the Report really …


Report On The Causes Of Crime, Kenneth Sears Nov 1931

Report On The Causes Of Crime, Kenneth Sears

Michigan Law Review

The Report of the Commission, together with a number of special reports of individuals and groups concerning various features of the problem of the causes of crime, is in two large volumes of about four hundred pages each.


Report On Crime And The Foreign Born, Joseph Cohen Nov 1931

Report On Crime And The Foreign Born, Joseph Cohen

Michigan Law Review

That the foreign born, more than the native born, tend to run afoul of the law, especially with respect to the more serious offenses, is a popular doctrine which critical opinion in the field of criminology has long been inclined either to qualify as to essential details or to contradict in toto. Twenty years back the Federal Immigration Commission reported that all the evidence then available indicated a lesser criminality on the part of the immigrant group as a whole. Succeeding studies have supported this conclusion. That an adverse view of the foreign born should persist in the face of …


Report On The Enforcement Of The Deportation Laws Of The United States, E. Blythe Stason Nov 1931

Report On The Enforcement Of The Deportation Laws Of The United States, E. Blythe Stason

Michigan Law Review

This report is concurred in by nine of the eleven members of the Commission. Two members, Henry W. Anderson and Kenneth Mackintosh, file dissenting statements. The Report is accompanied by a thoroughly interesting research study of the administration of the deportation laws, prepared by Reuben Oppenheimer. Since this study constitutes the basis of the report, and since the majority of the Commission concur in the conclusions and recommendations set forth in it, the following remarks will deal primarily with the study itself.


Aliens-Naturalization-The Promise To Bear Arms, John S. Tennant Nov 1931

Aliens-Naturalization-The Promise To Bear Arms, John S. Tennant

Michigan Law Review

In two recent cases, the Supreme Court has held that citizenship must be denied an applicant who is unwilling to promise unreservedly to bear arms in defense of the United States. One applicant, Douglas Clyde Macintosh, a Professor of Divinity in Yale University, who served for four years in France during the World War, stated that due to religious convictions he was unable to promise beforehand to fight unless, in his own opinion, the war was morally justifiable and in the best interests of humanity. The other, Marie Averil Bland, a minister's daughter who served as a nurse in the …


Husband And Wife--Actions--Tort Of Husband Affecting Wife's Property Nov 1931

Husband And Wife--Actions--Tort Of Husband Affecting Wife's Property

Michigan Law Review

The recent case of Ralston v. Ralston presents the question: What kind of conduct on the part of the husband will be construed as a tort to the wife's separate property so as to entitle her to sue her husband? In that case the parties were living apart under a deed of separation, executed in 1899. The alleged defamatory words, the action being libel, were contained in an inscription (referring to another woman) on a tombstone, erected by the defendant husband, which read: "In loving memory of Jennie, the dearly beloved wife of W. R. C. Ralston . . . …


A German Work On Trade Marks And Unfair Competition In The United States, Hanna Katz Nov 1931

A German Work On Trade Marks And Unfair Competition In The United States, Hanna Katz

Michigan Law Review

The acquaintance of German lawyers with American trade-mark law and protection against unfair trading was based until now on the individual studies of persons especially interested in this subject. German textbooks and commentaries on industrial property rights treat international and foreign rules too, but they scarcely give a sufficient notion of how to create a valid trade-mark and protect the trader in his full enjoyment thereof in the U. S. A. Yet the necessity of having such knowledge is a rather broad one in Germany as in all other European countries selling trade-marked articles to their customers on the other …


Book Notes And Notices Nov 1931

Book Notes And Notices

Michigan Law Review

This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and related subjects (e.g. economics, business, finance, sociology, government, etc.) which are of possible value to the legal profession.


Wills - Executor's Right To Deduct From A Legacy A Debt Due The Estate But Barred By The Statute Of Limitations Nov 1931

Wills - Executor's Right To Deduct From A Legacy A Debt Due The Estate But Barred By The Statute Of Limitations

Michigan Law Review

The decedent left his estate, by will, equally to several persons, one of whom had owed to the testator a debt which was now barred by the statute of limitations so that the executor could not collect it by suit. The executor claimed a right to collect this debt by deducting it from the share of the personal property of the estate given the debtor. The court held that the debt, though barred by the statute of limitations, was still in fairness and good conscience due to the estate and that the executor might deduct it from the share given …