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Articles 6781 - 6810 of 8432
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Insurance-Delay In Acting On Application-Tort Liability
Insurance-Delay In Acting On Application-Tort Liability
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff sued for damages for alleged negligence of defendant in failing to take action within a reasonable time upon plaintiff's application for a policy of health and accident insurance, plaintiff having paid defendant's soliciting agent the premium quoted by him. Held, there is no liability, since there is no duty for defendant to accept or reject an application within a reasonable time. Schliep v. Commercial Casualty Ins. Co., 191 Minn. 479, 254 N. W. 618 (1934).
Rights In Land - Lateral Support - Statute Increasing Common Law Rights And Duties - Constitutionality
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff sued for damages to his building which collapsed during excavating operations on defendant's adjoining land. A Michigan statute makes it the duty of land owners excavating to a depth of 12 feet or more below grade level to furnish sufficient lateral support to protect adjacent land and structures thereon from injury "due to the removed material in its natural state, or due to the disturbance of other existing conditions caused by such excavation," and imposes liability for injuries due to failure to comply with the act. The excavation on defendant's land, reaching a depth of 14 feet below grade …
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.
Taxation-State Taxes Upon Federal Instrumentalities-Who May Raise Question Of Unconstitutionality
Taxation-State Taxes Upon Federal Instrumentalities-Who May Raise Question Of Unconstitutionality
Michigan Law Review
In connection with the performance of a contract with the federal government, the plaintiff corporation was required to pay a state sales tax on lumber, cement, steel and other materials used in the construction work. An action was brought to enjoin the collection of the tax and to have it declared unconstitutional as impeding and hampering the federal government in the performance of its governmental functions, and as depriving the plaintiff of its property without due process of law. Held, the plaintiff is not a proper party to raise the question of the constitutionality of the tax: first, because …
Statutes- Constitutional Law - Legislative Action At Special Session Limited By Governor's Message
Statutes- Constitutional Law - Legislative Action At Special Session Limited By Governor's Message
Michigan Law Review
At a special session called by the executive to consider, among other matters, a bill "providing for the validation of bonds issued by a municipality under sufficient popular vote regardless of technical requirements," the legislature enacted a statute permitting validation of bonds even when issued without legal power, and the bill was approved by the governor. Pursuant to the statute, the common council of Detroit, in order to refund the city's bonded debt, approved the validity of the old obligations of the municipality, and petitioned for a writ of mandamus to compel the city controller to issue the refunding bonds …
The Gold Clause Decisions, John P. Dawson
The Gold Clause Decisions, John P. Dawson
Michigan Law Review
The gold clause decisions of February 18, 1935, have already taken their place among the great landmarks of American constitutional history. They have given a partial answer to some basic questions of constitutional law. Directly they have disposed of claims amounting to a total of many billions of dollars. But their further implications, both for public and private law, are of even greater magnitude; it may be many years before these wider implications are more fully understood.
The Effect Of Inflation On Private Contracts: United States, 1861-1879, John P. Dawson, Frank E. Cooper
The Effect Of Inflation On Private Contracts: United States, 1861-1879, John P. Dawson, Frank E. Cooper
Michigan Law Review
The American Civil War provides ample material for studying the legal consequences of currency depreciation. The sudden demands of war on government budgets made it necessary in both North and South to issue a large volume of paper money, which produced a general rise in prices, a premium on gold, and all the other indices of major monetary inflation. American history had already illustrated the dangers in the use of unstable monetary standards and in too rapid an expansion of the monetary supply. The period of the Civil War is of peculiar interest to lawyers, however, because the record of …
Bills And Notes - Execution Of Instruments By Agents - Liability Under N.I.L.
Bills And Notes - Execution Of Instruments By Agents - Liability Under N.I.L.
Michigan Law Review
The liability of parties on negotiable instruments executed by agents or representatives is a matter which has not been satisfactorily settled by the cases under the N.I.L., due partly to the ambiguity of the statute itself and partly to the obstinate refusal of some courts to adopt the approach of the ordinary business man. Under the law merchant the agent ran a great risk of personal liability in executing a negotiable instrument unless he was careful to spell out that he was signing for a named principal as agent only. If he merely added to his name the phrase "agent …
Constitutional Law-Validity Of State Anti-Injunction Legislation
Constitutional Law-Validity Of State Anti-Injunction Legislation
Michigan Law Review
The development of organized labor in the United States has created difficult legal and social problems with which the courts and the legislatures are required to deal. The courts were the first to deal with these problems and, rightly or wrongly, attempted to apply to them the existing rules of law. For instance, the rules of property law have been applied. Where organized labor interfered with the carrying of the mail, it was said that the federal government had a property right in the mails. Where the carrying on of a business was interfered with, it was held that the …
Wills - Statute Of Nonclaim As Bar To Contingent Claim
Wills - Statute Of Nonclaim As Bar To Contingent Claim
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, the receiver of an insolvent state bank, filed a claim against the estate of deceased who had been a stockholder in the bank. The estate had been closed for twelve years when the claim was filed, the bank not having become insolvent until eight years after the decedent's death. The state constitution provided double liability for the stockholders of the bank to its creditors. Defendant urged that the claim was barred by the statute of nonclaim. Held, the claim is not barred, for the constitutional liability was not a "claim or demand, contingent or absolute," against the stockholder's …
Constitutional Law -Validity Of State Recovery Acts Adopting Federal Codes, Paul G. Kauper
Constitutional Law -Validity Of State Recovery Acts Adopting Federal Codes, Paul G. Kauper
Michigan Law Review
Among the interesting problems raised by the enactment of state recovery legislation is the problem growing out of the attempted adoption by the states of the codes of fair competition formulated under the authority of the National Industrial Recovery Act. The validity of such state legislation may be questioned in light of the familiar doctrine of non-delegability of legislative power - a doctrine that has been written into the constitutions of both the federal and state governments by judicial determination. Before considering the application of this doctrine to the problem at hand, it will be well to refer to two …
Corporations-Trust Indenture-Notice To Security Holders Of Contents Of Indenture
Corporations-Trust Indenture-Notice To Security Holders Of Contents Of Indenture
Michigan Law Review
Ever since corporate bonds made their appearance more than a century ago, there has been a steady increase in difficult problems relating thereto. Not the least interesting of these problems pertains to the matter of notice to holders of the bonds and other securities of the contents of the indenture under which they are generally issued. The question becomes acute when one of these bondholders starts suit in law or in equity, and is met by the proposition that his right to so sue is limited by the trust indenture. There are two aspects to the matter, and it is …
Taxation - Federal Income Tax - Discharge Of Legal Obligation By Creation Of Trust For Alimony As Basis For Taxation Of Settlor
Michigan Law Review
A trust estate was created by a husband in accordance with a divorce decree, the income therefrom being paid to the wife in lieu of alimony. Provision was made for reversion of the estate on death of the wife and for payment of surplus income to the husband during the duration of the trust. Held, that the benefit arising from the discharge of a legal obligation constituted sufficient basis for trucing the trust income to the settlor. Willcuts v. Douglas, (C. C. A. 8th, 1934) 73 F. (2d) 130.
Creation Of Government Corporations By The National Government, Maurice S. Culp
Creation Of Government Corporations By The National Government, Maurice S. Culp
Michigan Law Review
The federal government has until recently made very little use of the corporation as an agency for executing the laws of Congress. Early in the course of our national development the federal government chartered banks and shared in their ownership, utilizing them in the fiscal operations of the treasury. At various other times the federal government has chartered other corporations under some power granted by the Constitution, particularly railroad corporations under the commerce power. Beginning with the World War the corporate form of administrative agency was utilized to avoid difficulties which would arise if the execution of the war-time activities …
The Delegation Of Federal Legislative Power To Executive Officials, Theodore W. Cousens
The Delegation Of Federal Legislative Power To Executive Officials, Theodore W. Cousens
Michigan Law Review
It will be the purpose of this article to attempt (1) a chronological survey of the previous Supreme Court cases relating to alleged delegations of legislative power, and (2) an analysis and discussion of the Panama Refining Co. decision in the light of this background. No discrimination is made between delegations of state and of federal legislative power, as the Supreme Court makes no such discrimination.
Taxation-Constitutional Limitations On Sales Taxes
Taxation-Constitutional Limitations On Sales Taxes
Michigan Law Review
There are twenty-three states having general sales tax statutes today. For the most part these statutes have been prompted by the recent economic depression as emergency measures. Most of them are license or privilege taxes, and are of two classes: those of the first type are sales taxes in name only, and consist of taxes upon the privilege of engaging in various occupations, of which selling personal property is but one; those of the second type are taxes solely upon the privilege of selling personal property at retail. Such taxes have met with considerable opposition in the form of litigation, …
Banks And Banking - Priorities On Insolvency Of Bank
Banks And Banking - Priorities On Insolvency Of Bank
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, clerk of court, deposited in a reputable bank a compensation award known by the bank to be such, pending review in an appropriation proceeding. On the insolvency of the bank, plaintiff sued for the immediate payment of the deposit in full, claiming a preference because: (a) "a special deposit, constituting a trust, was created"; (b) the unauthorized and, consequently, unlawful deposit-of any trust fund in a bank which knows the nature of the fund impresses a trust on the bank. Held, plaintiff was not entitled to a preference over the other depositors in the bank. Busher v. Fulton …
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.
Wills--Witnesses--Construction Of "In The Presence Of" The Testator
Wills--Witnesses--Construction Of "In The Presence Of" The Testator
Michigan Law Review
Testator, ill in a hospital, signed an instrument as his will in the presence of the attending physician and nurse, and requested them to sign as witnesses. For convenience they signed the instrument around a slight jog in the corridor on a table which was about 30 feet from the testator's bed and out of his sight. Thereafter he examined the signatures and expressed his approval. Held, that the witnesses signed in the presence of the testator as required by the Michigan statute. In re Lane's Estate, 265 Mich. 539, 251 N. W. 590 (1933).
Corporations - Right Of Preferred Stock To Stock Dividend After Payment Of Preferential Dividend
Corporations - Right Of Preferred Stock To Stock Dividend After Payment Of Preferential Dividend
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff held 500 shares of the common stock of an Illinois corporation, organized by plaintiff and defendant with a capital stock of $160,000, divided into 2000 shares of common and 30,000 shares of preferred stock, each with a par value of $5.00 per share. The statutes of Illinois provided that the capital stock might be divided into classes but that this classification and the rights and duties thereunder must be stated in the articles of incorporation and on the stock certificates. The articles and certificates gave the preferred shares a preference on dissolution, and to dividends to the extent of …
Cooperation Between The Interstate Commerce Commission And The State Commissions In Railroad Regulation, Martin L. Lindahl
Cooperation Between The Interstate Commerce Commission And The State Commissions In Railroad Regulation, Martin L. Lindahl
Michigan Law Review
Cooperation between the Interstate Commerce Commission and the state commissions in railroad regulation has been developed to increase the effectiveness of public control under our dual regulatory system. The division of power between federal and state governments, based upon the traditional distinction between interstate and intrastate commerce, has led to a multitude of diverse and conflicting statutes and administrative orders applicable to the same set of transportation agencies. In large measure the problem of dual control has been solved by giving to the federal government a virtually complete occupancy of the fields of rate, finance, and service regulation of interstate …
Are Unfair Methods Of Competition Actionable At The Suit Of A Competitor?, Grover C. Grismore
Are Unfair Methods Of Competition Actionable At The Suit Of A Competitor?, Grover C. Grismore
Michigan Law Review
The steps which have recently been taken, both through federal and state legislation, to regulate trade practices by outlawing what have been denominated "unfair methods of competition" have brought to the fore a problem that has vexed lawyers and legal writers for a long time. The question is whether a competitor who has been injured as a result of a rival's use of one of the condemned methods of competition can maintain any action either at law or in equity against the wrongdoer. Contrary to what has always been the practice in drafting so-called "anti-trust" laws, the legislation dealing with …
Conflict Of Laws - Federal Employers Liability Act - Jurisdiction Of State Courts Over Foreign Causes Of Action Between Nonresident Parties, H. F. B.
Michigan Law Review
The historical classification of actions for personal injuries as transitory imposes no limitation upon the prosecution of foreign suits, either by reference to the residence of the parties or the place in which the action arises. Whenever jurisdiction of the person of the defendant is obtained, the power to hear and determine this type of tort action inheres in every court having jurisdiction of the subject matter. An extreme application of the doctrine of the transitory character of personal actions is not infrequently permitted under the statutes as to venue, wherever suits between parties, all of whom are nonresidents of …
Bills And Notes-Bonds Payable At Office Of Trustee Which Becomes Insolvent After Deposit According To Agreement But Before Bonds Presented, Ralph W. Aigler
Bills And Notes-Bonds Payable At Office Of Trustee Which Becomes Insolvent After Deposit According To Agreement But Before Bonds Presented, Ralph W. Aigler
Michigan Law Review
By the terms of a trust mortgage securing a large bond issue the debtor agreed that it would punctually pay the principal and interest of every bond according to the terms of the bond and coupons and would "deposit the necessary funds for such purpose with the trustee at least five days prior to the respective due dates." For the maturities of March 1st and September 1st, 1931, the requisite funds were deposited. Plaintiff's coupons of March and his bonds and coupons of September were not presented on the due dates and not until after the trustee had failed and …
Bills And Notes - Rule Of Decision In Federal Courts - Application Of Swift V. Tyson To The Uniform Negotiable Instruments Law
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, the transferee after maturity of certain promissory notes made by defendant in Florida, sued in his own name on the notes in the Federal District Court for Pennsylvania. Under the Pennsylvania practice, an assignee after maturity could not sue in his own name unless the notes were negotiable. The District Court concluded that the notes, which contained a provision for interest on overdue interest payments, were non-negotiable and sustained a demurrer. This was affirmed by the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on the ground that although the Florida Negotiable Instruments Law was the law of the …
Criminal Law And Procedure -Automobiles -Violation Of Traffic Regulations - Liability Of Registered Owner
Michigan Law Review
A traffic ordinance of the city of Boston provided, "No person shall allow, permit, or suffer any vehicle registered in his name to stand or park in any street . . . in violation of any of the rules and regulations of the Traffic Commission of the City of Boston." Under this ordinance defendant, the registered owner of a car, was convicted of overtime parking without any evidence that she herself had parked the vehicle. Defendant appealed. Held, under an ordinance such as this absence of criminal intent makes no difference and the registered owner is criminally liable. Commonwealth …
Sales - Chattel Mortgages Under The Bulk Sales Statutes
Sales - Chattel Mortgages Under The Bulk Sales Statutes
Michigan Law Review
Gessaman, who was a dealer in new and used automobiles, was indebted to the bank and other creditors. While so indebted, he executed and delivered to the acceptance corporation a chattel mortgage upon all the furniture, fixtures, equipment and supplies used in the business. Later the mortgagee took possession of the chattels without suit, and immediately afterward Gessaman was adjudged a bankrupt. The trustee, in behalf of the bank and other creditors, seeks to subject the chattels to a trust in the hands of the acceptance corporation upon the claim that the chattels were taken under a sale in violation …
Waters And Watercourses - Percolating Waters - Pollution
Waters And Watercourses - Percolating Waters - Pollution
Michigan Law Review
Defendant operated an oil refinery and deposited waste therefrom on his land. The percolating waters under his land were a part of the supply for the plaintiff's well on adjoining land. These waters were contaminated and rendered plaintiff's well water unfit for human or livestock consumption. Held, that in the absence of negligence this was not a nuisance, but was damnum absque injuria. Rose v. Socony-Vacuum Corp., (R. I. 1934) 173 Atl. 627.
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.
Federal Regulation Of Motor Carriers, Paul G. Kauper
Federal Regulation Of Motor Carriers, Paul G. Kauper
Michigan Law Review
Regulations pertaining to public safety include such matters as requirements concerning drivers' licenses, safety equipment, clearance lights, maximum speed limits, and others of a similar nature. It has already been pointed out that the states in the absence of federal regulation can enforce safety regulations of this kind against interstate motor carriers. It has also been shown that federal regulation in this field is desired in order to relieve interstate motor carriers from diverse and conflicting state laws. The only limitation upon the right of the federal government to impose such regulations upon interstate motor carriers is the general requirement …