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Articles 6481 - 6510 of 8432
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Conditional Wills, Alvin E. Evans
Conditional Wills, Alvin E. Evans
Michigan Law Review
The discovery of what the language of a testator means is a constant duty of the courts. The task in the case of wills conditional in form frequently is to inquire whether the conditional language is merely formal and used by way of inducement or is intended to be taken literally. Clear cut and uniformly dependable tests as guides to such inquiry do not exist.
Landlord And Tenant - Disability To Recover Rent For Failure To Comply With Tenement Law, Theodore R. Vogt
Landlord And Tenant - Disability To Recover Rent For Failure To Comply With Tenement Law, Theodore R. Vogt
Michigan Law Review
A Connecticut statute provides: "No building constructed as . . . a tenement house shall be occupied . . . until the issuance of a certificate . . . that said building conforms . . . to the requirements of this chapter . . . . " (Section 2592.) It is further provided (Section 2593): "If any building . . . be occupied . . . in violation of the provisions of section 2592, during such unlawful occupation no rent shall be recoverable by the owner or lesee . . . and no action or special proceedings shall be maintained …
Taxation - Exemption Of Federal Instrumentality -Property Of A Governmental Agency Used For Non-Governmental Purpose, Virginia M. Renz
Taxation - Exemption Of Federal Instrumentality -Property Of A Governmental Agency Used For Non-Governmental Purpose, Virginia M. Renz
Michigan Law Review
Oklahoma attempted to tax property used by the lessee of restricted Indian land in producing oil and gas. It was argued that the property was not taxable because the lessee was a federal instrumentality, and Congress had not consented to its taxation. Held, property is not exempt from a non-discriminatory ad valorem state tax merely because it is the property of a federal instrumentality. There should be no exemption unless the taxation imposes a direct burden upon the exertion of a federal governmental power. Taber v. Indian Territory Illuminating Oil Co., (U. S. 1937) 57 S. Ct. 334.
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Front Matter for Volume 35, Issue 7 of Michigan Law Review
The Non-Recognition Law Of The United States, Kimon A. Doukas
The Non-Recognition Law Of The United States, Kimon A. Doukas
Michigan Law Review
We speak of nations as being equal, independent and sovereign within the fixed confines of their physical boundaries. As aptly stated by our Supreme Court, in the civilized world of today, "Every sovereign State is bound to respect the independence of every other sovereign State, and the courts of one country will not sit in judgment on the acts of the government of another done within its own territory."
Air Law - Legal Status Of Airplane Flight, Philip A. Hart Jr.
Air Law - Legal Status Of Airplane Flight, Philip A. Hart Jr.
Michigan Law Review
The classical statement of the extent of the landowner's right to the air space above his land is the maxim, Cujus est solum ejus est usque ad coelum. It is recognized, however, that decisions stating such a rule are not in point upon the status of air navigation today, for when those decisions were rendered flights were made in fancy only. Hence it is that all cases deciding this modern problem have disregarded the literal meaning of this maxim and tried to strike a compromise between the claims of air navigation and the claims of ownership. Three theories have …
Constitutional Law - Due Process And The Frazier-Lemke Acts, Henry Earnest Halladay
Constitutional Law - Due Process And The Frazier-Lemke Acts, Henry Earnest Halladay
Michigan Law Review
Recent decisions involving the constitutional validity of the first and second Frazier-Lemke Acts have again raised the old spectre of due process. The questions involved related to the power of the Federal Government to regulate the rights, duties, and liabilities existent between debtors and creditors in the field of farm mortgages under the bankruptcy power. To forego an extended discussion of the history of due process as a limitation on governmental fiat, let it suffice to say that the concept, which began with Magna Carta ran through early definitions in the United States limiting it to procedural matters and attempts …
International Law -- Anti-Smuggling Bill -- Jurisdiction On The High Seas, James H. Roberton
International Law -- Anti-Smuggling Bill -- Jurisdiction On The High Seas, James H. Roberton
Michigan Law Review
The control which a littoral state may exercise over the adjacent sea has never been the subject of complete agreement among the nations of the world. Inability to agree and resulting confusion have arisen in many instances from a failure to distinguish between a claim of control over a definite strip of adjacent water, often spoken of as "territorial waters," analogous to the control exercised on land and a claim that, for the well-being of the littoral state, control for limited and specific purposes may be extended beyond these territorial waters. The most obvious example of this latter type of …
Torts - Are Firemen And Policemen Licensees Or Invitees?, Michigan Law Review
Torts - Are Firemen And Policemen Licensees Or Invitees?, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The status of the fireman or policeman who enters on the land of another in the performance of duty, under a right conferred by the law, has quite generally been held to be that of a licensee, to whom the landowner owes no greater duty than to refrain from wilful, wanton misconduct. This places such visitors in the second group of the usual classification, which designates persons present on the land of another as trespassers, licensees (bare licensees, gratuitous licensees, social guests), and invitees (business visitors) . A recent case so holding is Aldworth v. F. W. Woolworth Co., …
Adverse Possession - Tacking Possessions Of Land Not Included In Deed - Michigan Rule, Michigan Law Review
Adverse Possession - Tacking Possessions Of Land Not Included In Deed - Michigan Rule, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
By agreement with plaintiffs' predecessor in title, defendants' grantor set out a hedge on what both parties believed to be the true dividing line between their respective lots but which was in fact seven feet south of the true line. Defendants' grantor occupied the strip up to the hedge for ten years and then sold the lot to defendants, at the time of sale pointing out to them the piece of property believed to be the lot he was selling. He delivered possession and a deed which did not include the seven-foot strip within its calls. Six years later plaintiffs …
Constitutional Law - Interstate Commerce Validity Of State Statute Regulating Automobiles Driven Into The State For Purpose Of Sale, Walter Probst Jr.
Constitutional Law - Interstate Commerce Validity Of State Statute Regulating Automobiles Driven Into The State For Purpose Of Sale, Walter Probst Jr.
Michigan Law Review
A statute of California forbade the transportation of automobiles from without the state for the purpose of sale within or without the state unless there be attached to each vehicle a special permit issued by the State Motor Vehicle Department, for which a fifteen dollar fee was exacted. A suit was brought to restrain state officers from enforcing this statute. Held, the statute imposed an unconstitutional burden upon interstate commerce. Ingels v. Morf, (U.S. 1937) 57 S. Ct. 439, affirming (D. C. Cal. 1936) 14 F. Supp. 922.
Constitutional Law - Validity Of Statute Abolishing Breach Of Promise Action, Emma Rae Mann
Constitutional Law - Validity Of Statute Abolishing Breach Of Promise Action, Emma Rae Mann
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff sued for damages for breach of promise to marry and seduction, after the enactment of a New York statute which abolished such causes of action. The court held for the defendant, basing its recognition of the validity of the statute on the ground that the legislature has plenary power to deal with the subject of marriage. Fearon v. Treanor, 272 N. Y. 268, 5 N. E. (2d) 815 (1936).
Constitutional Law - Validity Of Criminal Syndicalism Statute, Herman Jerome Bloom
Constitutional Law - Validity Of Criminal Syndicalism Statute, Herman Jerome Bloom
Michigan Law Review
The defendant was indicted for assisting in the conduct of a meeting which was called under the auspices of the Community Party, an organization advocating criminal syndicalism. The statute defined criminal syndicalism as "the doctrine which advocates crime, physical violence, sabotage, or any unlawful acts or methods as a means of accomplishing or effecting industrial or political change or revolution," and described a number of offenses, including the presiding at, or the assisting in, the conduct of a meeting of an organization advocating criminal syndicalism as defined in the act. The state court upheld the indictment under a construction of …
Judges - De Facto Judge - Special Judge Holding Over After Term Of Assignment Expires, Michigan Law Review
Judges - De Facto Judge - Special Judge Holding Over After Term Of Assignment Expires, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A district judge, specially assigned to a court other than his own for a term of one week, continued to hold the position after the period had expired under the belief that his assignment covered a longer period, and tried this case after the expiration of the one week period. All attorneys, assuming that the assignment covered a longer period, acted in the case without objection to the judge. The parties did not specifically agree upon him as a special judge. After verdict for defendant, plaintiff moved to vacate. Held, the judge was a de facto judge, and his …
Taxation - Income From Sale Of Goods Within The United States, Michigan Law Review
Taxation - Income From Sale Of Goods Within The United States, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The commissioner of internal revenue assessed income and profits taxes against a Mexican corporation for its sales of oil to domestic buyers under the provisions of section 2 33 (b) of the Revenue Acts of 1918 and 1921. The statutes taxed income from the "sale" of personal property "within the United States." The commissioner contended that the essential character of the transaction-the contract of sale-is the decisive factor in determining the place of sale for this purpose. Since the contracts were made here and called for payment at the offices of the seller's agents in this country, the sales occurred …
Torts - Proximate Cause -Remoteness Of Damage, Michigan Law Review
Torts - Proximate Cause -Remoteness Of Damage, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff brought an action for damages to his realty, alleging that the murder of his sister-in-law, on his property, by the defendant's decedent, induced numerous curiosity seekers to trespass on his land to view the scene of the crime. Held, the defendant's demurrer was sustained, for the damages were too remote. Koontz v. Keller, 52 Ohio App. 265, 3 N. E. (2d) 694 (1936).
Monthly Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Monthly Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department lists the articles and comments which appear in twenty-four leading law reviews.
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Book Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and matters closely related thereto.
Corporations - Foreign Corporations - Service Of Process Based Upon Solicitation, Donald H. Larmee
Corporations - Foreign Corporations - Service Of Process Based Upon Solicitation, Donald H. Larmee
Michigan Law Review
The question of just when a foreign corporation is amenable to process for an in personam action has long troubled the courts. To one who is seeking a clear and applicable formula, the cases in this field offer but little aid because of the confusion created by the multitude of decisions upon the problem. The decisions of the United States Supreme Court itself are of no great assistance in deriving such a formula. Many attempts have been made by legal writers to define a working rule for this problem as a whole. However, the present writer will endeavor only to …
Gifts Of Choses In Action -- Delivery, Michigan Law Review
Gifts Of Choses In Action -- Delivery, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The alleged donor of a trust certificate of the X trust company presented it at the office of the company, had the assignment blank on the back of the certificate filled in and the name of the donee registered on the books of the company, but retained possession of the certificate at all times except during the interval when the registration was taking place. Previous to the transaction the donor had stated that he did not intend to "sign it over" to the donee but merely to "have it fixed in case something happened to him." Yet he told the …
Powers - Execution By A Residuary Clause, Herman J. Bloom
Powers - Execution By A Residuary Clause, Herman J. Bloom
Michigan Law Review
A testator devised all his property in trust; he instructed the trustees to purchase a residence for his wife and gave her the general power to appoint by will, both with respect to this proposed residence and with respect to a sum of money from the testator's estate, the aggregate amount being $20,000. The trustee purchased a 25-foot lot and the wife purchased 8 1/ 3 feet of an adjoining lot. At the request of the wife, the trustees erected a two family residence, the main part of the building being on the 25-foot lot, but the eaves and one …
Taxation - Exemption Of State Instrumentality From Federal Tax, Francis T. Goheen
Taxation - Exemption Of State Instrumentality From Federal Tax, Francis T. Goheen
Michigan Law Review
A federal statute provided that "Upon all tobacco and snuff manufactured or imported into the United States, and hereafter sold by the manufacturer or importer, or removed for consumption or sale, there shall be levied, collected, and paid . . . a tax of 18 cents per pound, to be paid by the manufacturer or importer thereof." The company received an order to deliver a quantity of tobacco to a hospital owned by the State of Massachusetts; the company complied by shipping tobacco which had been previously stamped in accordance with the regulations under the above statute. The state paid …
Torts - Fraudulent Interference With Testamentary Benefits, Michigan Law Review
Torts - Fraudulent Interference With Testamentary Benefits, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Instituting a suit for damages, plaintiff alleged by way of application for order of examination that defendants had, by fraudulent misrepresentations, diverted the established intention of decedent to provide for plaintiff in the testamentary disposition of decedent's estate, and consequently no disposition in plaintiff's favor was made, to plaintiff's loss. Held, that plaintiff stated a cause of action in tort. Bohannon v. Wachovia Bank & Trust Co., 210 N. C. 679, 188 S. E. 390 (1936).
Trade Restraints - Federal Trade Commission - False Representation As Unfair Method Of Competion, Michigan Law Review
Trade Restraints - Federal Trade Commission - False Representation As Unfair Method Of Competion, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
An order to cease and desist, directed against the defendant publisher and others, forbade the following trade practices: representing that its encyclopedias were given away and that only the "extension service" was sold; representing the work as given away to selected persons among whom the prospective buyer was one; representing the work as new; selling the same under two names; representing its usual price as higher than that at which it was offered; representing any person as a contributor who was not a contributor; representing any person as giving a testimonial who had not done so; publishing garbled testimonials; and …
Gratuitous Promises-A New Writ?, Warren L. Shattuck
Gratuitous Promises-A New Writ?, Warren L. Shattuck
Michigan Law Review
Under the early common law, the fact situations which presented actionable wrongs were limited in number and stereotyped into various writs which issued from the Lord Chancellor. Only as new writs were devised by him was it possible for new fact situations to achieve the dignity of justiciability and so raise legal rights and duties. But with the liberalization of pleading the recognition of new legal rights and duties became a judicial function. In consequence, the constant struggle of new fact patterns for a place in the law is now principally waged before the courts. In this struggle some fail, …
Basic Monetary Conceptions In Law, Arthur Nussbaum
Basic Monetary Conceptions In Law, Arthur Nussbaum
Michigan Law Review
While in various periods of American legal history American courts have been confronted with problems of a monetary character, the importance and multiplicity of these questions have never been more strongly felt than within the last few years, and there is certainly no indication that this situation will change in the near future. The jural difficulties arising from monetary troubles are unusual, not only because of their financial and social implications, but also because of their theoretical intricacies. No wonder, therefore, that arguments advanced by courts in cases of a monetary nature are very often highly unsatisfactory. Again and again, …
Bankruptcy - Corporate Reorganization - Plan - Adequate Protection Of Claims - Due Process, Erwin S. Simon
Bankruptcy - Corporate Reorganization - Plan - Adequate Protection Of Claims - Due Process, Erwin S. Simon
Michigan Law Review
In proceedings for reorganization under Section 77B of the Bankruptcy Act, the debtor held real property valued at $245,025, while outstanding against the property there were first mortgage bonds of $445,000, second mortgage notes for $40,250 and a third mortgage note for $27,000. The court confirmed a plan which made no provision for junior lienors or stockholders, and to which they had not given their consent. On certiorari, granted by the Supreme Court, it was held, that since there was no equity in the property above the first mortgage, the claims of the junior lienors and stockholders had no …
Taxation - Situs Of Intangibles - Business Situs, Michigan Law Review
Taxation - Situs Of Intangibles - Business Situs, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A manufacturing corporation incorporated in Delaware and maintained a nominal office there, but had branch offices and factories in several states. Its principal office was in West Virginia. All contracts made by the branch offices were subject to approval by the home office and withdrawals from the bank deposits in the several states were under the control of the home office. A West Virginia statute placed an ad valorem property tax on corporations whose bank deposits and accounts receivable were "liable to taxation." The state court applied the statute to the bank deposits in banks outside the state and to …
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Front Matter for Volume 35, Issue 6 of Michigan Law Review
Police Power - Due Process And State Regulation Of Food Production And Distribution, Charles C. Spangenberg
Police Power - Due Process And State Regulation Of Food Production And Distribution, Charles C. Spangenberg
Michigan Law Review
It is well settled that the state, in the exercise of its police power, may legislate to protect the health and promote the general welfare of its citizens. It is equally well settled that the objects of this solicitude have the right, protected by the Fourteenth Amendment and similar provisions in the state constitutions, to follow such industrial pursuits and make such contracts as they choose. Unfortunately, "these correlative rights, that of the citizen to exercise exclusive dominion over property and freely to contract about his affairs, and that of the state to regulate the use of property and the …