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Articles 7261 - 7290 of 8523
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Report On Crime And The Foreign Born, Joseph Cohen
Report On Crime And The Foreign Born, Joseph Cohen
Michigan Law Review
That the foreign born, more than the native born, tend to run afoul of the law, especially with respect to the more serious offenses, is a popular doctrine which critical opinion in the field of criminology has long been inclined either to qualify as to essential details or to contradict in toto. Twenty years back the Federal Immigration Commission reported that all the evidence then available indicated a lesser criminality on the part of the immigrant group as a whole. Succeeding studies have supported this conclusion. That an adverse view of the foreign born should persist in the face of …
Report On The Enforcement Of The Deportation Laws Of The United States, E. Blythe Stason
Report On The Enforcement Of The Deportation Laws Of The United States, E. Blythe Stason
Michigan Law Review
This report is concurred in by nine of the eleven members of the Commission. Two members, Henry W. Anderson and Kenneth Mackintosh, file dissenting statements. The Report is accompanied by a thoroughly interesting research study of the administration of the deportation laws, prepared by Reuben Oppenheimer. Since this study constitutes the basis of the report, and since the majority of the Commission concur in the conclusions and recommendations set forth in it, the following remarks will deal primarily with the study itself.
State Juvenile Court Procedure For Federal Juvenile Offenders, Howard E. Wahrenbrock
State Juvenile Court Procedure For Federal Juvenile Offenders, Howard E. Wahrenbrock
Michigan Law Review
The Report on the Child Offender in the Federal System of Justice recommends the enactment of federal legislation which will provide means of utilizing the machinery of existing state juvenile courts where federal laws have been violated by children. The details of such legislation are not suggested in the Report. The legal questions to be encountered in the framing of such legislation call for careful consideration if full advantage is to be taken of the knowledge which the study made for the Commission furnishes. Some of the questions of more general interest will be taken as the subject of this …
Aliens-Naturalization-The Promise To Bear Arms, John S. Tennant
Aliens-Naturalization-The Promise To Bear Arms, John S. Tennant
Michigan Law Review
In two recent cases, the Supreme Court has held that citizenship must be denied an applicant who is unwilling to promise unreservedly to bear arms in defense of the United States. One applicant, Douglas Clyde Macintosh, a Professor of Divinity in Yale University, who served for four years in France during the World War, stated that due to religious convictions he was unable to promise beforehand to fight unless, in his own opinion, the war was morally justifiable and in the best interests of humanity. The other, Marie Averil Bland, a minister's daughter who served as a nurse in the …
Husband And Wife--Actions--Tort Of Husband Affecting Wife's Property
Husband And Wife--Actions--Tort Of Husband Affecting Wife's Property
Michigan Law Review
The recent case of Ralston v. Ralston presents the question: What kind of conduct on the part of the husband will be construed as a tort to the wife's separate property so as to entitle her to sue her husband? In that case the parties were living apart under a deed of separation, executed in 1899. The alleged defamatory words, the action being libel, were contained in an inscription (referring to another woman) on a tombstone, erected by the defendant husband, which read: "In loving memory of Jennie, the dearly beloved wife of W. R. C. Ralston . . . …
Appeal And Error - General Verdict On Several Counts- Several Specifications Of Negligence As Constituting One Cause Of Action
Michigan Law Review
In a highway accident case the plaintiff made five distinct allegations of negligence: failure to place lights upon a plank which had been placed across a highway; failure to remove the plank; permitting and suffering the plank to be placed where it was dangerous to travel; failure to construct poles, gates, and guards so that persons using the highway would be informed of the dangerous situation; and failure to employ a watchman to warn the public of the existence of the obstruction. Held, there was but one act of negligence, hence but one cause of action. Therefore, an erroneous …
Contracts - Illegality - Contract To Relinquish Custody Of Child
Contracts - Illegality - Contract To Relinquish Custody Of Child
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff declared on a contract between her father, Thomas Smith, and J. F. and A. T. Mulkey, in which the parent contracted to relinquish all control over the plaintiff, a minor, in consideration for which J. F. and A. T. Mulkey agreed to adopt the child and leave their property to her upon the death of the survivor. The contract was fully performed by the child's parent, but J. F. and A. T. Mulkey failed to adopt the child, and made no provision for her in the distribution of their property. In a suit by the plaintiff at the …
Taxatl0n - Liability Of Profit Made On Sale Of State Bonds To Federal Income Tax
Taxatl0n - Liability Of Profit Made On Sale Of State Bonds To Federal Income Tax
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a resident of England, and defendant, a resident of New York, entered into a contract for the sale and delivery of zinc. By a clause in the contract the parties agreed that all differences arising thereunder should be arbitrated at London pursuant to the arbitration law of Great Britain. Differences arose, and the plaintiff requested the defendant in New York to concur in the selection of an arbitrator, serving notice that, in the event of failure so to do, application would be made for appointment of one as provided by statute. This notice was ignored, and a form of …
Book Notes And Notices
Michigan Law Review
This department undertakes to list and, when possible, describe briefly current books on law and related subjects (e.g. economics, business, finance, sociology, government, etc.) which are of possible value to the legal profession.
Corporations-Dividends On Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock
Corporations-Dividends On Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff held non-cumulative preferred stock in the defendant corporation. From 1925 through 1928 no dividends were declared upon this stock; although earnings were sufficient they were used instead for property improvements. Since 1928, dividends have been paid regularly on this stock at the specified rate. In 1930 a dividend was declared on the common stock. Plaintiff sued to have this amount paid instead as a dividend on the preferred stock, and to enjoin any payment of dividends on the common stock until full dividends were paid on the non-cumulative preferred stock for the period from 1925 to 1928. Held, …
Lay Encroachments On The Legal Profession, E. Smythe Gambrell
Lay Encroachments On The Legal Profession, E. Smythe Gambrell
Michigan Law Review
The holding of the Minnesota supreme court in the Otterness case that: "Neither a corporation nor a layman, not admitted to practise, can practise law, nor indirectly practise law by hiring a licensed attorney to practise law for others for the benefit or profit of such hirer" is one of many recent judicial pronouncements in defense of the legal profession. These decisions may prompt many individuals to ask why there should be a professional monopoly in the practise of law. Governmental restraint against free and unregulated practise of law is not for the purpose of advancing the individual interests of …
Corporations-Duty Of Corporate Trustee To Record Mortgage Securing Bonds
Corporations-Duty Of Corporate Trustee To Record Mortgage Securing Bonds
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff became the holder of bonds issued under and secured by a collateral trust agreement executed in Pennsylvania. The mortgage contained the provision that " * * * the trustee, save for its gross negligence or wilful default, shall not be personally liable for any loss or damage" and further that "It shall be no part of the duty of the trustee to record this instrument as a mortgage." The mortgage was not recorded nor the mortgage debt satisfied. Plaintiff sued the trustee in New York for negligence. Held, the contract limited the obligations and duties of the trustee, …
Negligence-Proximate Cause-Duty Of Parking Lot Owner To Car Owner
Negligence-Proximate Cause-Duty Of Parking Lot Owner To Car Owner
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff parked his car in defendant's parking lot, which was open to the public although no attendant appears to have been on duty. There was an unguarded excavation about forty feet to the rear of the space chosen by the plaintiff. In preparing to leave the lot, plaintiff cranked his car which, apparently, had been left in reverse. The car backed into the excavation, despite plaintiff's efforts to get it under control, and plaintiff sued the lot owner for injuries resulting. Held, that the defendant parking lot owner was not liable. Fielding v. S. Z. Poli Realty Co. (Mass. …
Torts-Defective Trees-Duty Of Abutter
Torts-Defective Trees-Duty Of Abutter
Michigan Law Review
While the plaintiff was travelling along the public highway, he was injured by the falling of a decayed tree which stood within twenty feet of the highway upon the adjoining land of the defendant. On sustaining a demurrer to the declaration, the court held that there was no duty upon the rural abutter to inspect the tree. Chambers v. Whelen, et al. (C. C. A. 4th, 1930) 44 F.(2d) 340.
Workmen's Compensation Acts-Gratuitous Help As Casual Employment
Workmen's Compensation Acts-Gratuitous Help As Casual Employment
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff, a farmer living by the side of a public highway, went to the assistance of the defendant's truck driver whose truck was mired on the highway. The driver had been instructed to get help. While pulling out the truck with a tractor the plaintiff was injured. Held, the plaintiff was an employee of the defendant, and as such his remedies under the Workmen's Compensation Act were exclusive. Johnson v. Wisconsin Lumber and Supply Co. (Wis. 1931) 234 N.W. 5o6.
State Utilities And The Supreme Court, 1922-1930, Thomas Reed Powell
State Utilities And The Supreme Court, 1922-1930, Thomas Reed Powell
Michigan Law Review
While enterprises that are "affected with a public interest" or "devoted to a public use" or that come within the class of strict public utilities may be compelled to do a number of things that strictly private enterprise may avoid, the power over utilities is not unlimited. Requirements deemed onerous may be contested as denials of due process of law. The constitutional issue thus raised under the Fourteenth Amendment entitles protestants to start injunction proceedings in federal courts and to seek appeals to the United States Supreme Court from unfavorable decisions of state courts. Often the complaint is not of …
Wills-Restoration Or Revival Of A Will Upon The Revocation Of A Subsequent Instrument Revoking The Prior Will
Michigan Law Review
A recent Pennsylvania case, In re Ford's Estate, is an interesting example of a situation which has left the courts in decided conflict. The decedent had properly executed two wills. On his death bed he caused the later will, which contained the usual clause expressly revoking all prior instruments, to be torn. At the time he stated that he wished his son, his only heir at law and next kin, to have all his property. The evidence indicated that the decedent had entirely forgotten the existence of the prior will. The court, relying upon the expression of the decedent's …
The Business Trust As A Means Of Securing Limited Liability
The Business Trust As A Means Of Securing Limited Liability
Michigan Law Review
Small investors are unwilling to risk their entire personal fortunes in one business venture, and for this reason refuse to participate in an enterprise unless they are assured that they will be free from individual liability for the obligations of the business. Such freedom from liability may be obtained by incorporation. That is the method especially provided by law and the one which most businesses adopt, but it has its disadvantages. The organization of a corporation involves heavy expenses in the form of lawyers' fees, filing fees and organization taxes. Once formed the corporation is subject to many. special taxes, …
Administrative Tribunals-Right To Federal Injunction Against Administrative Orders
Administrative Tribunals-Right To Federal Injunction Against Administrative Orders
Michigan Law Review
The public utility commission of Ohio refused to permit the plaintiff motor bus company to operate over a portion of the route for which application was made for a certificate. The plaintiff applied to the federal district court for an injunction against enforcement of the commission's order on the ground that it amounted to a deprivation of property without due process. A temporary injunction was granted. Thereafter, the plaintiff took a statutory appeal to the state supreme court, which affirmed the order, after which the plaintiff sought a permanent injunction in the federal court. Held, the decision of the …
Copyrights-Radio Reception As Performance Witein Copyright Act
Copyrights-Radio Reception As Performance Witein Copyright Act
Michigan Law Review
By means of a master receiving set under its operation, and loudspeakers controlled by the guests, installed in its rooms, defendant hotel company made available the hearing of a copyrighted musical composition which had been broadcast. Neither the radio station nor the hotel was authorized to perform it. In a suit against the hotel company for alleged infringement of the copyright, relief was denied on the ground that reception did not constitute a performance within the meaning of the Copyright Act. The case was appealed and that question was certified to the Supreme Court. Held, that reception was essentially …
Negligence-Attractive Nuisance-Ponds
Negligence-Attractive Nuisance-Ponds
Michigan Law Review
The eleven year old son of the plaintiff was drowned by falling from a raft into a pond located upon the defendant's water-works property immediately adjacent to a public bathing beach. The pond was undeniably attractive to children and was left without guards, notices, or protection, and there was no clear indication where the public beach ended and the city property began. The lower court held that this constituted an attractive nuisance, but it was held on appeal that the doctrine of attractive nuisance does not apply to ponds. Fiel v. City of Racine (Wis. 1930) 233 N.W. 611.
Torts-Automobiles-Statute Limiting Liability To Gratuitous Passengers
Torts-Automobiles-Statute Limiting Liability To Gratuitous Passengers
Michigan Law Review
In her declaration, plaintiff alleged that while she was riding as a gratuitous passenger in defendant's automobile, she was injured as a consequence of defendant's gross negligence in permitting a person known by him to be incompetent to drive the automobile; that by reason of the incompetence of the driver, the car went into a ditch, causing the injury complained of. The defendant moved to dismiss the declaration on the ground that it did not charge actionable gross negligence and that the defendant was not liable for mere negligence under a Michigan statute. Held, that the declaration should be …
Trusts-Right Of Trustee To Purchase Trust Property
Trusts-Right Of Trustee To Purchase Trust Property
Michigan Law Review
The trustees under a will filed a petition in the district court asking for an order of court authorizing them to sell and convey to two of the trustees a portion of the real estate held by them in trust, and for authority to sell and convey the remainder of the real estate to the husband of one of the trustees. Three of the beneficiaries were not sui juris, and the remaining beneficiaries refused to give their consent. Held, that a trustee can not purchase trust property from himself when the beneficiary is not sui juris or when …
Corporations-Liquidation-Jurisdiction Of Court
Corporations-Liquidation-Jurisdiction Of Court
Michigan Law Review
A recent New Jersey case, Naspo v. Summits Sweet Shoppe, Inc., suggests interesting questions of the jurisdiction of equity over insolvent corporations. In that case, a bill was brought under section 69 of the New Jersey code, by a simple contract creditor with a small claim of $75 praying for the appointment of a receiver and the distribution of the assets. After the court had heard the parties on a motion for the appointment of a receiver, new counsel for the defendant corporation came in at a later hearing, offered to pay plaintiff's claim and asked for a dismissal …
Public Utilities-Power Of Interstate Commerce Commision To Give Certificate Of Convenience And Necessity
Michigan Law Review
Certain coal fields in West Virginia are served by the Chesapeake and Ohio, the Norfolk and Western, and the Virginian railroads. The Chesapeake and the Norfolk compete for the westbound coal traffic coming over the Virginian which has no lines in the western part of these fields. The Interstate Commerce Commission authorized the Virginian to build a short connecting line which made possible much cheaper carriage over the Chesapeake, and authorized the Norfolk to construct a similar line in order to compete on equal terms. The Chesapeake sought a reversal on the ground that the Interstate Commerce Commission is not …
Review: The Revival Of Natural Law Concepts, Fowler Vincent Harper
Review: The Revival Of Natural Law Concepts, Fowler Vincent Harper
Michigan Law Review
A Book Review of THE REVIVAL OF NATURAL LAW CONCEPTS By Charles Grove Haines.
Sales - Warranty - Theory Of Implied Assignment
Sales - Warranty - Theory Of Implied Assignment
Michigan Law Review
In the recent case of Wood v. Advance Rumely Thresher Co., the following relevant facts appeared: the plaintiff signed an order for a tractor, knowing that the defendant's agent, who solicited the order, had no power to make a binding contract, and knowing, from the face of the order, that there would be no contract till it was accepted at the defendant's home office. The agent's employment was terminated before he sent the order in, so he turned it over to another dealer. The latter did not forward the order to the defendant, but wrote a new one, signed …
Bankruptcy-Effect Of Discharge On Assignment Of Expectancy
Bankruptcy-Effect Of Discharge On Assignment Of Expectancy
Michigan Law Review
The Bankruptcy Act of the United States provides for the preservation of liens against a bankrupt's property not specifically declared by the Act itself to be dissolved because of fraud or because obtained within four months prior to the filing of the petition in bankruptcy. A discharge in bankruptcy protects the bankrupt from personal liability but does not affect valid and subsisting liens. These may be enforced after the discharge is granted
Brokers-Liability In Conversion For Sale Of Stolen Bonds
Brokers-Liability In Conversion For Sale Of Stolen Bonds
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiffs, brokers, sold on the Exchange as agents for a supposedly reputable customer, certain negotiable bonds. Purchasers, upon learning that the bonds had been stolen, returned them to the plaintiffs who, pursuant to a rule of the Exchange, substituted other bonds of unquestioned title. In an action by the plaintiffs against an insurance company, subrogated to the rights of the original owners, for a declaration of ownership, held, for the plaintiffs. Gruntal v. National Security Co. (N. Y., Nov., 1930) 173 N.E. 682.