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Articles 1951 - 1980 of 4291
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Index, Michigan Law Review
Index, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Contents of Volume 70: Subject Index, Table of Cases, Articles, Authors, Book Reviews
Representation Of The Public Interest In Michigan Utility Rate Proceedings, Michigan Law Review
Representation Of The Public Interest In Michigan Utility Rate Proceedings, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Although the Free Press study centered on political and economic issues, the operation of the Michigan Public Service Commission also raises significant issues regarding the role of public intervenors, agency compliance with statutory requirements, statutory construction, and legislative response to regulatory deficiencies. This Comment will consider the representation of the public interest in Michigan utility proceedings in the context of rate cases involving the state's major utilities. While such an analysis does not reach the breadth of activities performed by the Commission, it is suggestive of the extent to which the Commission is responsive to the public interest generally. Following …
Recent Trends In Transport Rate Regulation, Leonard S. Goodman
Recent Trends In Transport Rate Regulation, Leonard S. Goodman
Michigan Law Review
The object of this Article is to describe the trends in the Commission's work during the 1960's in some of the areas of rate regulation that could not be settled by mere reference to costs, and in other areas of changing rate policy. This was a prolific period for the Commission, one that involved many rate innovations and a sense of new direction in certain aspects of rate regulation. The present discussion of the Commission's rate work is in no sense complete; and there is no intention to make it so. By emphasizing the decisions of the recent decade, I …
Judicial Supremacy Re-Examined: A Proposed Alternative, G. Sidney Buchanan
Judicial Supremacy Re-Examined: A Proposed Alternative, G. Sidney Buchanan
Michigan Law Review
A citizen critic recently expressed to me his bitter opposition to the Warren Court's decisions on school prayer and school desegregation. If this critic were elected governor of a state or placed in some other position of governmental authority, he would almost certainly use his power to block public school desegregation and to encourage prayer reading in the public schools. Conceding that our critic would be acting controversially in so using his power, would he be acting unconstitutionally? This is the question which this Article will attempt to answer. More generally, this Article will consider the extent to which a …
Deferred Compensation Arrangements Under Section 83 Of The Internal Revenue Code: Is Restricted Property Still A Viable Means Of Compensation?, Michigan Law Review
Deferred Compensation Arrangements Under Section 83 Of The Internal Revenue Code: Is Restricted Property Still A Viable Means Of Compensation?, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
When faced with the problem of compensating key executives, employers have tended to avoid the exclusive use of current cash compensation, since this would result in an immediate and substantial income tax to highly paid employees. Deferred compensation plans have been utilized in order to maximize tax benefits for employees, such as deferred recognition of income and capital gains treatment. Although such plans are structured to meet the needs of the particular employer and employee, several forms of deferred compensation are common. Among these are qualified and unqualified pension, profit-sharing, and stock bonus plans; qualified, restricted, and employee stock purchase …
Michigan's Environmental Protection Act Of 1970: A Progress Report, Joseph L. Sax, Roger L. Conner
Michigan's Environmental Protection Act Of 1970: A Progress Report, Joseph L. Sax, Roger L. Conner
Michigan Law Review
The Michigan Environmental Protection Act of 1970 (EPA) represents a departure from the long-standing tradition under which control of environmental quality has been left almost exclusively in the hands of regulatory agencies: it gives to ordinary citizens an opportunity to take the initiative in environmental law enforcement.
Wilkins V. Bentley: Getting Out The Student Vote In Michigan, Michigan Law Review
Wilkins V. Bentley: Getting Out The Student Vote In Michigan, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The right to vote is one of the most precious constitutional rights. The Supreme Court has described it as preservative of all rights, a fundamental matter in a free and democratic society, and a bedrock of our political system. Justice Black once stated, "No right is more precious in a free country than that of having a voice in the election of those who make the laws under which, as good citizens, we must live." It supports not only the individual's personal interest in self-government, but also the collective societal interest in broadly based consensual representation. The magnitude of these …
The Regulation Of Subsidies Affecting International Trade, Warren F. Schwartz, Eugene W. Harper Jr.
The Regulation Of Subsidies Affecting International Trade, Warren F. Schwartz, Eugene W. Harper Jr.
Michigan Law Review
We will begin by examining the basic contours of the present GATT regulation of subsidies. We will then consider the theory of comparative advantage underlying the GATT regime and introduce the complications of externalities and the governmental process designed to take account of them. Finally, we will make some tentative suggestions for changes in rules and institutions that might serve to improve the present state of affairs.
Effective Pollution Control In Industrialized Countries: International Economic Disincentives, Policy Responses, And The Gatt, Frederic L. Kirgis Jr.
Effective Pollution Control In Industrialized Countries: International Economic Disincentives, Policy Responses, And The Gatt, Frederic L. Kirgis Jr.
Michigan Law Review
It is generally recognized that efforts toward meaningful pollution control by an industrialized nation or group of nations raise economic problems at the international level. Discussion has touched upon the balance of trade and the effects for developing countries. Yet there seems to have been little attempt to analyze how these problems will manifest themselves and how they may be resolved within the current international legal-economic ordering system. This Article cannot deal with them all, but will examine closely the international competitive disincentives to truly effective pollution-control efforts in the industrialized countries, where environmental imperatives bear heavily on national decision-makers. …
Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Subject Index of Articles, Comments, Notes, and Recent Developments Appearing in Leading Law Reviews
Duties Of The Independent Director In Open-End Mutual Funds, Michigan Law Review
Duties Of The Independent Director In Open-End Mutual Funds, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Comment will analyze the role of independent directors in open-end mutual funds. It will consider the potential impact of recent decisions and statutory amendments and explore the possibilities of a more significant role for such directors. The discussion will focus on the following aspects of the directors' role: (1) the duty to review contractual arrangements between the fund and the external adviser; (2) the duty to serve as a "watchdog" over fund policy, brokerage allocation on portfolio transactions, and miscellaneous fund operations; and (3) the responsibilities upon the sale or merger of the investment adviser. In order to appreciate …
Torts--Wrongful Death--Unborn Child--The Estate Of An Unborn Child Has A Cause Of Action For Wrongful Death--O'Neill V. Morse, Michigan Law Review
Torts--Wrongful Death--Unborn Child--The Estate Of An Unborn Child Has A Cause Of Action For Wrongful Death--O'Neill V. Morse, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The attitude of the law toward the unborn child has differed according to the area involved and its underlying concepts and policy. It has been settled en ventre sa mere be to his benefit. Legal recognition was accorded "for the purpose of providing for and protecting the child, in the hope and expectation that it will be born alive and be capable of enjoying those rights which are thus preserved for it in anticipation." In this context, the live-birth requirement is not surprising. The injustice of depriving a posthumous child of an inheritance is apparent only if the child is …
Rule-Making And The Police, Carl Mcgowan
Rule-Making And The Police, Carl Mcgowan
Michigan Law Review
That remarkable man, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, in whose name and by whose providence we are met on this occasion, had many profound perceptions about the nature of law-making. Except for the violence of the Civil War in his youth, his life was largely lived at a time and in a society which seem simple and benevolent by comparison with our own. Some of his generalizations, nevertheless, continue to define accurately the limitations under which we confront the complexities presently assailing us on every side. This is notably true of the administration of criminal justice.
Controlling Great Lakes Pollution: A Study In United States-Canadian Environmental Cooperation, Richard B. Bilder
Controlling Great Lakes Pollution: A Study In United States-Canadian Environmental Cooperation, Richard B. Bilder
Michigan Law Review
In this context, a study of the proposed Agreement and, more particularly, of the long history of developing United States-Canadian cooperation that preceded it may be of use. First, this United States-Canadian experience offers guidance for the solution of some of the specific problems that programs for international environmental cooperation may face: questions of framework and approach; institutional organization, function, and authority; determination of objectives; apportionment of burdens; coordination; and implementation. Second, at a time when international discussion has focused principally on global approaches to the solution of environmental problems, it calls attention to the important, if less dramatic, contribution …
Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Subject Index of Articles, Comments, Notes, and Recent Developments Appearing in Leading Law Reviews
Territorial Restrictions And Per Se Rules--A Re-Evaluation Of The Schwinn And Sealy Doctrines, Michigan Law Review
Territorial Restrictions And Per Se Rules--A Re-Evaluation Of The Schwinn And Sealy Doctrines, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Horizontal territorial restrictions have traditionally been said to be per se illegal. That is, they are illegal no matter what effect they may have on competition. The legality of vertical territorial restrictions, however, is still an unsettled issue. The past decade saw a trend toward considering such restrictions per se violations of section I of the Sherman Act. That trend culminated in United States v. Arnold, Schwinn & Co., a case better known for its speculation than its reasoning. The Supreme Court, which ostensibly announced the per se illegality of these restrictions in Schwinn, will have an opportunity …
The Constitutionality Of Candidate Filing Fees, Michigan Law Review
The Constitutionality Of Candidate Filing Fees, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Early in the twentieth century a "progressive impulse" captured the energies of this country's burgeoning urban middle class. Sickened by the corruption and scandals of the nineteenth century and fearful of the rising influx of European immigration, the so-called Progressives began working for political reform. The emphasis of this reform was primarily structural. Rather than by a remodeling of the citizenry, reform was to be achieved by "a careful and scientific adjustment of the machinery of government for the correction of prevalent evils." Progressives pushed such reforms as initiative, recall, referendum, and frequent elections in the belief that these measures …
Reapportionment--Nine Years Into The "Revolution" And Still Struggling, Michigan Law Review
Reapportionment--Nine Years Into The "Revolution" And Still Struggling, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Malapportioned legislative districts traditionally have inhibited the effective working of government at the federal, state, and local levels. By 1960, the population disparities among legislative districts had attained such great magnitude "that the integrity of representative government was in many instances endangered." The underrepresented victims of malapportionment sought relief through the courts. Initially the Supreme Court, ever hesitant to enter the "political thicket," declined to address itself to reapportionment controversies. This era of judicial inaction ended in 1962 with the Court's ruling in Baker v. Carr, in which the plaintiffs overcame the formidable barrier posed by the political-question doctrine. …
Mr. Justice Powell And The Emerging Nixon Majority, A.E. Dick Howard
Mr. Justice Powell And The Emerging Nixon Majority, A.E. Dick Howard
Michigan Law Review
In recent years, we have come to expect the debate over Supreme Court nominations to reflect ideological passions in the Government and the country at large; the Fortas, Haynsworth, and Carswell cases remain fresh in memory. In the hearings on the nominations of Lewis F. Powell, Jr., and William H. Rehnquist to the Court, Senate Democratic liberals made clear their intention to probe not only the nominees' integrity and legal qualifications, but also their judicial philosophies. It was ironic, therefore, to watch as liberal members of the Judiciary Committee, through their questions and comments at the confirmation hearings, made Powell, …
Developments In The Control Of Foreign Investment In France, Charles Torem, William Laurence Craig
Developments In The Control Of Foreign Investment In France, Charles Torem, William Laurence Craig
Michigan Law Review
This Article will first review the legal provisions for the control of foreign investment in France and then will analyze them in light of France's position in the Common Market and its other international obligations. Finally, it will attempt to describe the developing guidelines established by the government for foreign investment and will illustrate the application of these guidelines by a survey of recent investment cases.
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Front Matter for Volume 70, Issue 2 of Michigan Law Review
Manageability Of Notice And Damage Calculation In Consumer Class Actions, Michigan Law Review
Manageability Of Notice And Damage Calculation In Consumer Class Actions, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Comment will examine the likelihood that Rule 23, as it has been interpreted since its amendment, will provide a mechanism through which consumers may successfully resolve their grievances. The focus will be on the manageability problems of providing the requisite notice and of devising a method of calculation and distribution of damages.
Corrective Advertising And The Ftc: No, Virginia, Wonder Bread Doesn't Help Build Strong Bodies Twelve Ways, Michigan Law Review
Corrective Advertising And The Ftc: No, Virginia, Wonder Bread Doesn't Help Build Strong Bodies Twelve Ways, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note will outline the development and theory of corrective advertising. In particular, it will discuss the residual effects of deceptive advertising, which are the basis for a corrective remedy. The Commission's statutory authority to require corrective advertising will then be explored: the analysis will compare corrective advertising with other types of affirmative disclosure required by the Commission and relate it to the present use of divestiture as a trade regulation remedy. Finally, the possible public benefit accruing from corrective advertising will be considered, along with some thoughts on what policies the FTC should pursue in order to maximize that …
Federal Income Taxation--Section 165 (C) Loss Allowed For Securities Loaned To Brokerage Firm That Subsequently Became Insolvent And Sold The Securities To Meet The Claims Of Creditors--Stahl V. United States, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
It is frequently said that there are only two certainties in life: death and taxes. The Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit recently upheld a district court decision that considerably eased the latter burden for plaintiff-taxpayer in Stahl v. United States. On April 12, 1962, Mrs. Stahl, a widowed musician and music teacher, reached an agreement with Balough & Company (Balough), a Washington securities firm, under which she was to surrender to it control of securities with a market value of approximately $210,000. Balough used the securities to meet the minimum capital requirements for brokerage firms established …
Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Periodical Index, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Subject Index of Articles, Comments, Notes, and Recent Developments Appearing in Leading Law Reviews
Interlocutory Appeal Procedures In Administrative Hearings, Ernest Gellhorn, Paul B. Larsen
Interlocutory Appeal Procedures In Administrative Hearings, Ernest Gellhorn, Paul B. Larsen
Michigan Law Review
There are, therefore, substantial arguments for and against permitting interlocutory review of an examiner's rulings. With so even a balance in principle, factual analysis of agency practices becomes critical. This study measures agency practice against the standard that hearing procedures must be fair, and unnecessary delay is as unfair to the parties and the public as are arbitrary and erroneous interlocutory rulings.
Juvenile Courts--Juveniles In Delinquency Proceedings Are Not Constitutionally Entitled To The Right Of Trial By Jury--Mckeiver V. Pennsylvania, Michigan Law Review
Juvenile Courts--Juveniles In Delinquency Proceedings Are Not Constitutionally Entitled To The Right Of Trial By Jury--Mckeiver V. Pennsylvania, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
At a hearing in the juvenile court of Philadelphia in October 1968, Joseph McKeiver was declared a "delinquent child" and placed on probation by a juvenile court judge who determined that McKeiver had violated a Pennsylvania law. The juvenile court petition charged McKeiver, then sixteen years old, with robbery, larceny, and receiving stolen goods as the result of an incident in which McKeiver and twenty or thirty other youths took twenty-five cents from three teenagers. Despite the fact that the evidence against McKeiver consisted primarily of the weak and inconsistent testimony of two of the victims, the juvenile court judge, …
Lawyers, Economists, And The Regulated Industries: Thoughts On Professional Roles Inspired By Some Recent Economic Literature, Charles Donahue Jr.
Lawyers, Economists, And The Regulated Industries: Thoughts On Professional Roles Inspired By Some Recent Economic Literature, Charles Donahue Jr.
Michigan Law Review
In this thesis I begin by examining the causes of the crisis as expounded in the current economic literature. This examination has led me to the conclusion that regulatory practice and policy has suffered from not being sufficiently economic in its orientation. If this point is correct, there remains an important subsidiary question: "What role, if any, should be played by the lawyer?"
A New Role For The Black Law Graduate--A Reality Or An Illusion, Harry T. Edwards
A New Role For The Black Law Graduate--A Reality Or An Illusion, Harry T. Edwards
Michigan Law Review
It is not really surprising that so much attention has recently been given to the gross disparity in White v. Black participation in the legal profession. Indeed, the question of quality participation by Black lawyers is an irrelevant consideration until there is a real commitment to give Blacks equal access to the formerly all-white legal educational institutions. In examining the nature of this heretofore obvious (but only recently acknowledged) problem of Black underrepresentation within our society? (3) What must be done by the legal profession not only to alleviate the negative impact of such a shortage, but also to enhance …
Bankruptcy--1970 Amendments To The Bankruptcy Act--An Attempt To Remedy Discharge Abuses, Michigan Law Review
Bankruptcy--1970 Amendments To The Bankruptcy Act--An Attempt To Remedy Discharge Abuses, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
December 18, 1970, marked the end of a fifteen-year chapter in the history of American legislative proceedings dealing with "personal'' bankruptcy. On that date Public Law Number 91-467 took effect and thereby instituted changes in the Bankruptcy Act designed to "effectuate more fully the discharge in bankruptcy by rendering it less subject to abuse by harrassing creditors." The legislative steps leading to the 1970 amendment began with the introduction of the first "dischargeability" bill in 1955. This initial effort at reform stimulated a continuing flow of similar proposals leading to the ultimate acceptance of new substantive and procedural rules for …