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Articles 751 - 770 of 770
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Engineering Biosensors For Short-Chain Alcohols, Yu Xia
Engineering Biosensors For Short-Chain Alcohols, Yu Xia
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Biofuel is a promising substitute for fossil fuel and the research of biofuel production has been extensively conducted during the recent years. Great efforts have been made to create many types of the fuel production hosts. However, effective approaches for high specificity and high throughput screening of the fuel production strains are still lacking. The cellular stress response is one universal defense mechanism when a microbial cell is exposed to an unfavorable substance or environment. It triggers a series of downstream responses when a cell senses certain chemicals. Transcriptional factors are widely used in living organisms to regulate gene expression. …
Optical Resonators And Fiber Tapers As Transducers For Detection Of Nanoparticles And Bio-Molecules, Huzeyfe Yilmaz
Optical Resonators And Fiber Tapers As Transducers For Detection Of Nanoparticles And Bio-Molecules, Huzeyfe Yilmaz
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
In recent years, detection of biological interactions on single molecule level has aspired many researchers to investigate several optical, chemical, electrical and mechanical sensing tools. Among these tools, toroidal optical resonators lead the way in detection of the smallest particle/molecule with the real time measurements. In this work, bio-sensing capabilities of toroidal optical resonators are investigated. Bio-sensing is realized via measuring the analyte-antigen interaction while the antigen is immobilized through a novel functionalization method.
Not long ago, detection of single nanoparticles using optical resonators has been accomplished however the need for cost-effective and practical transducers demands simpler tools. A tapered …
Single Cuo Nanowires Electrical Properties And Application On Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting, Junnan Wu
Single Cuo Nanowires Electrical Properties And Application On Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting, Junnan Wu
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Charge transport in single crystal, p type copper oxide (CuO) nanowires (NWs) was studied through temperature based (120 K – 400 K) current-voltage (I-V) measurements of 2-terminal single NW devices. Individual CuO NWs with an average diameter of 220 nm were attached to Au electrodes 2.5 µm apart, using a dielectrophoresis method. I-V curves showed a transition from linear behavior at low bias to strong power law dependence (I ~ Va) at high bias, which can be attributed to space charge limited current (SCLC) mechanism. At low electrical fields (< 0.89 × 103 V·cm-1), the number of …
Detection Of Parkinson Disease Rest Tremor, Matthew J. Johnson
Detection Of Parkinson Disease Rest Tremor, Matthew J. Johnson
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Parkinson Disease (PD) is a debilitating and progressive movement disorder that is estimated to affect over six million worldwide. One of the most characteristic symptoms of PD is resting tremor, which involves unintentional and rhythmic muscle oscillations of an afflicted extremity while the muscles of said extremity are relaxed. This study involved measuring the rest tremor of 10 PD subjects, 10 Essential Tremor subjects, and 10 healthy control subjects using two devices. One device was an FDA approved accelerometry system to measure human tremor known as the TremorometerTM and the other was a consumer three-dimensional camera known as the …
Evaluation Of The Performance Of Various Turbulence Models For Accurate Numerical Simulation Of A 2d Slot Nozzle Ejector, Colin Graham
Evaluation Of The Performance Of Various Turbulence Models For Accurate Numerical Simulation Of A 2d Slot Nozzle Ejector, Colin Graham
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
With the development over the last several decades, accurate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling has now become an essential part in the analysis and design of various industrial products where the fluid flow plays an important role. The goal of this thesis is to apply the CFD technology to the analysis of a 2D slot nozzle ejector which has application in Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) aircraft and other future aerospace vehicles. In the nozzle-ejector configuration, the high speed air flow from the nozzle entrains the ambient air into a mixing chamber (ejector) as a means to create additional thrust …
Global Edf Scheduling For Parallel Real-Time Tasks, Jing Li
Global Edf Scheduling For Parallel Real-Time Tasks, Jing Li
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
As multicore processors become ever more prevalent, it is important for real-time programs to take advantage of intra-task parallelism in order to support computation-intensive applications with tight deadlines. In this thesis, we consider the Global Earliest Deadline First (GEDF) scheduling policy for task sets consisting of parallel tasks. Each task can be represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) where nodes represent computational work and edges represent dependences between nodes. In this model, we prove that GEDF provides a capacity augmentation bound of 4-2/m and a resource augmentation bound of 2-1/m. The capacity augmentation bound acts as a linear-time schedulability …
A Study Of Sampling Strategies For Helical Ct, Daheng Li
A Study Of Sampling Strategies For Helical Ct, Daheng Li
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Two classes of subsampling strategies, partially inspired by ideas from compressed sensing (CS), are developed and tested using real medical x-ray CT data acquired with a helical geometry. A version of the Feldkamp algorithm for helical x-ray CT is described. An alternating minimization (AM) algorithm for finding the maximum-likelihood estimates of attenuation functions in transmission X-ray tomography, developed by O’Sullivan and Benac, is then introduced. The derivation of this AM algorithm is extended to include an optional regularization term, which makes it a MAP estimate. A Newton’s method with trust region modification is implemented for the regularization. In addition, the …
Real-Time Image Processing On An Fpga For An Intraoperative Goggle Device, Yiyi Zhang
Real-Time Image Processing On An Fpga For An Intraoperative Goggle Device, Yiyi Zhang
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The emergence of near-infrared dyes for fluorescence imaging has had a tremendous impact in the medical field. In particular, indocyanin green (ICG) has been widely used for assessing tumor margins during intraoperative procedures. Typically, the dye is intravenously injected into the patient, and after 24 hours the dye is removed from the patient’s body, except where binding between the dye and tumor cells has occurred. This selective binding between ICG and cancerous tissue allows for easy and accurate detection of cancer margins as well as detection of metastasis throughout the patient’s body. In order to detect the binding sites, a …
Engineered Plasmonic Nanostructures For Nanomedicine, Christopher Matthew Portz
Engineered Plasmonic Nanostructures For Nanomedicine, Christopher Matthew Portz
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
No abstract provided.
An Approach To Thermocouple Temperature Measurements That Reduces Uncertainties Associated With Radiative Corrections, Siddharth Krishnan
An Approach To Thermocouple Temperature Measurements That Reduces Uncertainties Associated With Radiative Corrections, Siddharth Krishnan
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Obtaining accurate temperature measurements in flame environments with thermocouples is extremely challenging due to the effects of radiative heat loss. These losses are difficult to quantify and often cannot be corrected for or minimized without sacrificing spatial resolution. In this work, a new experimental methodology is presented that has shown potential to minimize the temperature correction by both increasing and controlling the effects of convection. This is accomplished through high speed rotation of the thermocouple. The rotation yields a high and known convective velocity over the thermocouple. Heat transfer can then be modeled for the thermocouple, and a functional relationship …
Numerical Simulation And Optimization Of Carbon Dioxide Utilization And Storage In Enhanced Gas Recovery And Enhanced Geothermal Systems, James H. Biagi
Numerical Simulation And Optimization Of Carbon Dioxide Utilization And Storage In Enhanced Gas Recovery And Enhanced Geothermal Systems, James H. Biagi
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
With rising concerns surrounding CO2 emissions from fossil fuel power plants, there has been a strong emphasis on the development of safe and economical Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology. Two methods that show the most promise are Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR) and Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). In Enhanced Gas Recovery a depleted or depleting natural gas reservoir is re-energized with high pressure CO2 to increase the recovery factor of the gas. As an additional benefit following the extraction of natural gas, the reservoir would serve as a long-term storage vessel for the captured carbon. CO2 …
Identifying Humans By The Shape Of Their Heartbeats And Materials By Their X-Ray Scattering Profiles, Ikenna C. Odinaka
Identifying Humans By The Shape Of Their Heartbeats And Materials By Their X-Ray Scattering Profiles, Ikenna C. Odinaka
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Security needs at access control points presents itself in the form of human identification and/or material identification. The field of Biometrics deals with the problem of identifying individuals based on the signal measured from them. One approach to material identification involves matching their x-ray scattering profiles with a database of known materials.
Classical biometric traits such as fingerprints, facial images, speech, iris and retinal scans are plagued by potential circumvention they could be copied and later used by an impostor. To address this problem, other bodily traits such as the electrical signal acquired from the brain (electroencephalogram) or the heart …
Miniaturization Of Electrical Ultrafine Particle Sizers, Siqin He
Miniaturization Of Electrical Ultrafine Particle Sizers, Siqin He
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Nanoparticles, or ultrafine particles, have potential risks for human health, and the adverse health effects caused by ultrafine particles have been proven to be size related. To meet the increasing demanding for personal exposure monitoring and spatial distribution measurements of ultrafine particles, this dissertation studied the development and miniaturization of electrical ultrafine particle sizers (EUPS). There are three essential components for developing a EUPS unit: a charger to electrically charge the sample particles, an electrical mobility classifier to classify the charged particles, and a downstream particle count detector to measure the number concentrations. Two generations of EUPS were developed in …
Dynamic Thermal And Power Management: From Computers To Buildings, Yong Fu
Dynamic Thermal And Power Management: From Computers To Buildings, Yong Fu
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Thermal and power management have become increasingly important for both computing and physical systems. Computing systems from real-time embedded systems to data centers require effective thermal and power management to prevent overheating and save energy. In the mean time, as a major consumer of energy buildings face challenges to reduce the energy consumption for air conditioning while maintaining comfort of occupants. In this dissertation we investigate dynamic thermal and power management for computer systems and buildings. (1) We present thermal control under utilization bound (TCUB), a novel control-theoretic thermal management algorithm designed for single core real-time embedded systems. A salient …
Engineering Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Materials To Promote Cardiogenesis, Amanda Walker Smith
Engineering Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Materials To Promote Cardiogenesis, Amanda Walker Smith
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the current costs of treatment put a significant economic burden on our societies. After an infarction, fibrotic tissue begins to form as part of the heart failure cascade. Current options to slow this process include a wide range of pharmaceutical agents, and ultimately the patient may require a heart transplant. Innovative treatment approaches are needed to bring down costs and improve quality of life. The possibility of regenerating or replacing damaged tissue with healthy cardiomyocytes is generating considerable excitement, but there are still many obstacles to overcome. First, …
Improving Radiotherapy Targeting For Cancer Treatment Through Space And Time, Camille Noel
Improving Radiotherapy Targeting For Cancer Treatment Through Space And Time, Camille Noel
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Radiotherapy is a common medical treatment in which lethal doses of ionizing radiation are preferentially delivered to cancerous tumors. In external beam radiotherapy, radiation is delivered by a remote source which sits several feet from the patient's surface. Although great effort is taken in properly aligning the target to the path of the radiation beam, positional uncertainties and other errors can compromise targeting accuracy. Such errors can lead to a failure in treating the target, and inflict significant toxicity to healthy tissues which are inadvertently exposed high radiation doses.
Tracking the movement of targeted anatomy between and during treatment fractions …
Generating High Purity Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cell Populations For Transplantation Following Spinal Cord Injury, Dylan A. Mccreedy
Generating High Purity Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cell Populations For Transplantation Following Spinal Cord Injury, Dylan A. Mccreedy
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Embryonic stem cells hold great potential for cell replacement strategies in the central nervous system. Pre-differentiation into various neural cell types can help generate tissue-specific cell populations that can replace cells and tissue lost due to do injury or disease. A small number of undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells persist in most transplant populations even after pre-differentiation. Given the right environment, i.e. biomaterial scaffolds, these cells can lead to tumor formation thereby eliminating any potential therapeutic benefit. This dissertation focused on the development of high purity embryonic stem cell-derived cell populations devoid of pluripotent stem cells for transplantation into the central …
Polarization Imaging Sensors In Advanced Feature Cmos Technologies, Raphael Njoroge Njuguna
Polarization Imaging Sensors In Advanced Feature Cmos Technologies, Raphael Njoroge Njuguna
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The scaling of CMOS technology, as predicted by Moore's law, has allowed for realization of high resolution imaging sensors and for the emergence of multi-mega-pixel imagers. Designing imaging sensors in advanced feature technologies poses many challenges especially since transistor models do not accurately portray their performance in these technologies. Furthermore, transistors fabricated in advanced feature technologies operate in a non-conventional mode known as velocity saturation. Traditionally, analog designers have been discouraged from designing circuits in this mode of operation due to the low gain properties in single transistor amplifiers. Nevertheless, velocity saturation will become even more prominent mode of operation …
Calcium Cycling Disturbances And Arrhythmogenesis, Namit Gaur
Calcium Cycling Disturbances And Arrhythmogenesis, Namit Gaur
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
In this work, a detailed multiscale computational model of Ca cycling and action potential in a ventricular myocyte is developed and used to study mechanisms of arrhythmias associated with mutations in the ryanodine receptor (RyR). The multiscale ventricular myocyte model reproduces experimentally observed Ca dynamics both at the local dyadic scale and at the global whole-cell scale, while also simulating the action potential (AP) shaped by membrane ionic currents. The model represents stochastic activation of L-type Ca channels (LCCs) and RyRs in the dyads and simulates random generation of Ca sparks both during excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) and during diastole. The …
Atomic Transfer For Distributed Systems, Haraldur Darri Thorvaldsson
Atomic Transfer For Distributed Systems, Haraldur Darri Thorvaldsson
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Building applications and information systems increasingly means dealing with concurrency and faults stemming from distribution of system components. Atomic transactions are a well-known method for transferring the responsibility for handling concurrency and faults from developers to the software's execution environment, but incur considerable execution overhead. This dissertation investigates methods that shift some of the burden of concurrency control into the network layer, to reduce response times and increase throughput. It anticipates future programmable network devices, enabling customized high-performance network protocols.
We propose Atomic Transfer (AT), a distributed algorithm to prevent race conditions due to messages crossing on a path of …