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Articles 2071 - 2100 of 2327
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The Stable Isotope Stratigraphy And Paleosols Of North America's Most Southern Exposure Of Late Paleocene/Early Eocene Fossiliferous Continental Deposits: Documenting The Initial Eocene Thermal Maximum In Big Bend National Park, Texas, Paul David White
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A chemostratigraphic section across the Paleocene/Eocene boundary, using the stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen, has been developed for North America's most southern exposure of early Paleogene continental deposits in which the boundary is constrained by fossil mammals. A negative carbon excursion has been identified within C24r. The range in d13C values is from -8.1 to -13.2‰. Until the development of the chemostratigraphic section it was uncertain if the earliest Eocene was recorded in Big Bend. An early Wasatchian (Wa1) fossil site occurs stratigraphically higher than the carbon excursion and has yielded the stratigraphically lowest Hyracotherium in the …
Synthesis, Characterization And Application Of Polymeric Surfactants In Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography: Use Of Ionic Liquids As Modifiers, Simon M. Mwongela
Synthesis, Characterization And Application Of Polymeric Surfactants In Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography: Use Of Ionic Liquids As Modifiers, Simon M. Mwongela
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The goal of the research presented in this dissertation is to synthesize, characterize, and apply a novel chiral amino acid-based surfactant and achiral sulfate-based surfactants for the effective separations of chiral and achiral compounds in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The first part of this research involves novel synthesis, characterization, and application of polysodium oleyl-L-leucyl-valinate (poly-L-SOLV) for the separation of chiral compounds in MEKC. Surface tensiometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, densitometry and analytical ultracentrifugation were used as the characterization techniques. Optimal MEKC separating conditions were established by varying surfactant concentration, buffer concentration and pH, applied voltage, and capillary temperature. …
Nitrate Reduction And Methane Formation As Influenced By Iron-Centered Intermediate Redox Processes In Rice Soils, Bin Huang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Rice fields are a major source of the greenhouse gases methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and contribute to nitrate (NO3-) pollution in waters. Ferric iron (Fe3+) and manganic manganese (Mn4+) are two intermediate alternative electron acceptors (AEAs) capable of regeneration in freshwater soils. In this investigation, the influences of iron-centered intermediate redox processes on NO3- reduction and CH4 formation in rice soils were studied using soil slurries, soil columns, and potted rice. Reduction of Fe3+-centered intermediate AEAs was mainly mediated by obligate anaerobes …
Characterization Of Aged Polymer Modified Asphalt Cements For Recycling Purposes, Codrin Daranga
Characterization Of Aged Polymer Modified Asphalt Cements For Recycling Purposes, Codrin Daranga
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Since polymer modified asphalt cement (PMAC) has been employed for a decade, the lifetime and wear on some of these pavements is reaching a stage where resurfacing is necessary. This research focuses on the characterization of aged polymer modified asphalt cements (PMAC) to evaluate their potential for recycling. A styrene-butadiene-styrene tri-block (SBS) polymer modified asphalt cement was selected and characterized using standard asphalt binder qualification techniques, i.e., the Superpave PG protocol. We developed a procedure to characterize the relative concentration of polymer in asphalt cements by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Infrared spectrographic, thermogravimetric and rheological techniques were used to identify …
Medical Image Enhancement, Alina Monica Trifas
Medical Image Enhancement, Alina Monica Trifas
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Each image acquired from a medical imaging system is often part of a two-dimensional (2-D) image set whose total presents a three-dimensional (3-D) object for diagnosis. Unfortunately, sometimes these images are of poor quality. These distortions cause an inadequate object-of-interest presentation, which can result in inaccurate image analysis. Blurring is considered a serious problem. Therefore, “deblurring” an image to obtain better quality is an important issue in medical image processing. In our research, the image is initially decomposed. Contrast improvement is achieved by modifying the coefficients obtained from the decomposed image. Small coefficient values represent subtle details and are amplified …
Enantioselective Syntheses And Chemical Investigations Of Plant-Derived Bioactive Volatile Compounds, Anne Marie Sauer
Enantioselective Syntheses And Chemical Investigations Of Plant-Derived Bioactive Volatile Compounds, Anne Marie Sauer
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Research, inspired by nature, provides ample opportunity for discovery, ingenuity, and creative endeavor. For these reasons, the work and accomplishments presented herein focus on the total syntheses and related investigations of a variety of natural product derivatives, specifically (+)-nootkatone and jasmone. While the former consists of several independent projects: (a) an enantioselective synthetic route to (+)-nootkatone and derivatives, (b) examination of the valencane ring system, (c) determination of the absolute configuration of (+)-nootkatone, and (d) rearrangements of various sesquiterpenoid derivatives; the latter focuses on the construction ofƒndelta, epsilon-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, hetero Pauson-Khand substrates, via [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements.
Regulation Of Glucose Metabolism In Dairy Cattle, Christie Cheatham Stanley
Regulation Of Glucose Metabolism In Dairy Cattle, Christie Cheatham Stanley
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The experiments described herein are designed to elucidate many metabolic changes that occur to regulate the partitioning of nutrients between production and animal maintenance with particular regard to glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. The onset of milk production and parturition causes dramatic stress to the cow. The challenge of improving metabolism during this period is being addressed by nutritional management with the possibility of the addition of supplements. The use of Ca-propionate as a supplement did not affect glucose metabolism in transition cows. The data revealed that insulin sensitivity was low during the transition period, but the tissue responses to …
Capillary And Microchip Gel Electrophoresis Using Multiplexed Fluorescence Detection With Both Time-Resolved And Spectral-Discrimination Capabilities: Applications In Dna Sequencing Using Near-Infrared Fluorescence, Li Zhu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Increasing the information content obtainable from a single assay and system miniaturization has continued to be important research areas in analytical chemistry. The research presented in this dissertation involves the development of a two-color, time-resolved fluorescence microscope for the acquisition of both steady-state and time-resolved data during capillary and microchip electrophoresis. The utility of this hybrid fluorescence detector has been demonstrated by applying it to DNA sequencing applications. Coupling color discrimination with time-resolved fluorescence offers increased multiplexing capabilities because the lifetime data adds another layer of information. An optical fiber-based fluorescence microscope was constructed, which utilized fluorescence in near-IR region, …
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Rice Bran With Adsorption On Rice Hull Ash, Paresh Manilal Patel
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Rice Bran With Adsorption On Rice Hull Ash, Paresh Manilal Patel
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Rice bran oil was extracted using environmentally-friendly supercritical carbon dioxide at varying conditions. Experimental treatments included pressure (27.6, 41.4 and 55.2 MPa), temperature (40 and 60 oC) and flow rates (25, 45 and 65 g/min) of supercritical carbon dioxide. Extracts collected at different time intervals during 4-hour extraction runs in a 3-L extractor were analyzed for oil yield and antioxidants. Normal-phase HPLC was used for analyzing the extract for important antioxidant compounds of oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols. Silica rich rice hull ash adsorbent was also incorporated in combined extraction-adsorption experiments under similar supercritical fluid conditions. Supercritical extraction yields of rice bran …
The Twiggs Clay: Mineralogy, Origin, And Industrial Properties Of An Upper Eocene Opaline Claystone In The Coastal Plain Province Of Georgia, U.S., Lori G. Eversull
The Twiggs Clay: Mineralogy, Origin, And Industrial Properties Of An Upper Eocene Opaline Claystone In The Coastal Plain Province Of Georgia, U.S., Lori G. Eversull
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The Twiggs Clay is an upper Eocene claystone found as discontinuous deposits downdip of the Fall Line in the Coastal Plain Province of eastern and central Georgia. A distinctive facies of the Twiggs is found in two lenses near the town of Wrens. The nature, origin, and potential commercial application of this resource are examined. Four strata and two mineralogic assemblages are recognized in the Wrens deposit. The lower three strata are near white in color and very low in density. These strata are mineralogically similar and are composed predominantly of disordered silica and smectite. The smectite is dioctahedral, and …
On The Stability Of Rotor Bearing Systems Based On Hopf Bifurcation Theory, Jianke Wang
On The Stability Of Rotor Bearing Systems Based On Hopf Bifurcation Theory, Jianke Wang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This research is aimed to establish instability criteria for a rotor-bearing system which consists of a rotor supported by two fluid-film journal bearings. The static and dynamic characteristics of rotor-bearing systems with consideration of turbulent effects are evaluated by applying the Hopf bifurcation theory (HBT) to the equations of motion. A method is developed for predicting the stability envelope of rotor-bearing systems using HBT. Results are compared with published literature obtained using a trial-and-error method. A method based on HBT is presented for predicting the occurrence of a hysteresis phenomenon, which is observed in experimental results dealing with the instability …
Designing Online Instruction For Postsecondary Students With Learning Disabilities, Andrew Patrick Simoncelli
Designing Online Instruction For Postsecondary Students With Learning Disabilities, Andrew Patrick Simoncelli
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This case study investigates the methodologies used to deliver online course content to postsecondary students with varying learning disabilities. The research provides a holistic picture of the students in their actual learning environment. Two college students diagnosed as learning disabled were studied with three non-disabled classmates in an online college learning environment. The purpose was to attempt to explain how the design of the course affects the students’ attitudes and performance. The design of the course featured instructional methods that research has shown to be beneficial to students with learning disabilities. Some of these included digitally delivered instructional audio, various …
Detection Of Biologically Important Molecules, Kyukwang Kim
Detection Of Biologically Important Molecules, Kyukwang Kim
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Anions play important roles in biological systems. The design of anion sensors has been of great interest. The selective detection of a specific anion is particularly challenging. In the first chapter, I describe the synthesis of a TBS-protected fluorescein dye (1.1) and its use for the selective detection of fluoride. Solutions of 1.1 either in DCM or in aqueous media at physiological pH show the excellent selectivity towards fluoride to afford color formation while solutions of other interfering anions remain colorless. The monitoring of homocysteine (Hcy) and cysteine (Cys) levels is important since they are biomarkers associated with Alzheimer’s and …
Denitrification And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Cultivated And Wetland Alluvial Soils, Sami Ullah
Denitrification And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Cultivated And Wetland Alluvial Soils, Sami Ullah
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Agricultural development in the Mississippi River Basin has contributed to an 3-fold increase in NO3 loading of the river. Increased NO3 loading is a primary cause of eutrophication in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Identification of best management practices (BMPs) to reduce NO3 loss and wetlands restoration to remove NO3 through denitrification are critically needed. The objectives of this research were to determine factors controlling denitrification potential of different landscape units in an agricultural watershed and quantify the effects of BMPs and organic C amendments on denitrification rates of cultivated lands and restored forested wetlands. N2O, CH4 and CO2 emissions …
Measurement And Modeling Of Fluid-Fluid Miscibility In Multicomponent Hydrocarbon Systems, Subhash C. Ayirala
Measurement And Modeling Of Fluid-Fluid Miscibility In Multicomponent Hydrocarbon Systems, Subhash C. Ayirala
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Carbon dioxide injection has currently become a major gas injection process for improved oil recovery. Laboratory evaluations of gas-oil miscibility conditions play an important role in process design and economic success of field miscible gas injection projects. Hence, this study involves the measurement and modeling of fluid-fluid miscibility in multicomponent hydrocarbon systems. A promising new vanishing interfacial tension (VIT) experimental technique has been further explored to determine fluid-fluid miscibility. Interfacial tension measurements have been carried out in three different fluid systems of known phase behavior characteristics using pendent drop shape analysis and capillary rise techniques. The quantities of fluids in …
The Effectiveness Of Student Support Services At A Research Extensive University In The South, Eric Lyle Penalber
The Effectiveness Of Student Support Services At A Research Extensive University In The South, Eric Lyle Penalber
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The primary purpose of this study was to determine the influence of level of participation in services provided by the Student Support Services (SSS) Program on the grade point average, retention, and the six-year graduation rate of first-time entering freshmen who also entered the SSS program at a research extensive university in the South. Participants in the study were one hundred, fifty-two (152) SSS students who entered this university in the fall of 1996 and fall of 1997. Tinto’s (1987) longitudinal model of institutional departure was used as the conceptual framework for this study. Services provided by the SSS program …
Physically Based Multiscale-Viscoplastic Model For Metals And Steel Alloys: Theory And Computation, Farid H. Abed
Physically Based Multiscale-Viscoplastic Model For Metals And Steel Alloys: Theory And Computation, Farid H. Abed
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The main requirement of large deformation problems such as high-speed machining, impact, and various primarily metal forming, is to develop constitutive relations which are widely applicable and capable of accounting for complex paths of deformation. Achieving such desirable goals for material like metals and steel alloys involves a comprehensive study of their microstructures and experimental observations under different loading conditions. In general, metal structures display a strong rate- and temperature-dependence when deformed non-uniformly into the inelastic range. This effect has important implications for an increasing number of applications in structural and engineering mechanics. The mechanical behavior of these applications cannot …
Automatic Segmentation Of Magnetic Resonance Images Of The Brain, Kirk V. N. Spence
Automatic Segmentation Of Magnetic Resonance Images Of The Brain, Kirk V. N. Spence
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique used primarily in medical settings to produce high quality images of the human body’s internal anatomy. Each image is of a thin slice through the body, with the typical distance between slices being a few millimeters. Brain segmentation is the delineation of one or more anatomical structures within images of the brain. It promotes greater understanding of spatial relationships to aid in such tasks as surgical planning and clinical diagnoses, particularly when the segmented outlines from each image slice are displayed together as a surface in three-dimensions. A review of the literature indicates …
Radiative Transfer Modeling Of Thermal Infrared Emissivity Spectra: Applications To Martian Regolith Observations, Karly Mariah Pitman
Radiative Transfer Modeling Of Thermal Infrared Emissivity Spectra: Applications To Martian Regolith Observations, Karly Mariah Pitman
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Satellite and rover remote sensing of planetary regolith surfaces, in the form of thermal infrared emissivity spectra taken at nadir and off-nadir angles of emergence from the surface, requires use of theoretical models for interpretation of constituent grain physical properties. However, such models have remained in stasis in recent years, with nearly a ten-year gap in significant advances. To date, no radiative transfer model (semiempirical, exact, or hybrid solution) has been able to adequately predict the nadir emissivity behavior of simple mineral assemblages. Few measurements have been attempted in the laboratory or field regarding directional emissivity effects of planetary regoliths; …
Techniques For Low Power Analog, Digital And Mixed Signal Cmos Integrated Circuit Design, Chuang Zhang
Techniques For Low Power Analog, Digital And Mixed Signal Cmos Integrated Circuit Design, Chuang Zhang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
With the continuously expanding of market for portable devices such as wireless communication devices, portable computers, consumer electronics and implantable medical devices, low power is becoming increasingly important in integrated circuits. The low power design can increase operation time and/or utilize a smaller size and lighter-weight battery. In this dissertation, several low power complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit design techniques are investigated. A metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) can be operated at a lower voltage by forward-biasing the source-substrate junction. This approach has been investigated in detail and used to designing an ultra-low power CMOS operational amplifier for operation at …
Advising Perceptions In Student Support Services Programs, Kim Andrepont Warren
Advising Perceptions In Student Support Services Programs, Kim Andrepont Warren
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study seeks to understand the perceptions of advisors and students about the TRIO Student Support Services they provide or receive, with particular attention to how their perceptions relate to best practice theories of developmental and prescriptive advising behaviors. By comparing the perceptions of stakeholders to the theory behind the services, a better understanding of the current advising practice of Student Support Services (SSS) is obtained. Data for this study were derived from the Academic Advising Inventory (AAI), a compilation of both advisors’ and students’ perceptions of services in SSS. Observations and quantitative data were used in this study. Five …
Adaptive Remote Visualization System With Optimized Network Performance For Large Scale Scientific Data, Mengxia Zhu
Adaptive Remote Visualization System With Optimized Network Performance For Large Scale Scientific Data, Mengxia Zhu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation discusses algorithmic and implementation aspects of an automatically configurable remote visualization system, which optimally decomposes and adaptively maps the visualization pipeline to a wide-area network. The first node typically serves as a data server that generates or stores raw data sets and a remote client resides on the last node equipped with a display device ranging from a personal desktop to a powerwall. Intermediate nodes can be located anywhere on the network and often include workstations, clusters, or custom rendering engines. We employ a regression model-based network daemon to estimate the effective bandwidth and minimal delay of a …
Molecular Recognition And Its Underlying Mechanisms In Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Ryan Simon
Molecular Recognition And Its Underlying Mechanisms In Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Ryan Simon
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Molecular recognition in molecularly imprinting polymers (MIPs) is governed by two mechanisms: pre-organization of functional groups and shape specificity of the binding site. While pre-organization of functional groups has been studied extensively, shape specificity of the binding site has not been rigorously explored. The goal of this research is to determine the influence of shape specificity on molecular recognition in MIPs (Chapter 2). Once shape selectivity was proven to play a vital role in molecular recognition, it was important to determine if pre-organization of functional groups or shape specificity was the dominating factor in determining molecular recognition in the binding …
Komatiites Of The Weltevreden Formation, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Implications For The Chemistry And Temperature Of The Archean Mantle, Keena Kareem
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The komatiites of the 3.29 Ga Weltevreden Formation, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa represent extremely magnesian lavas derived from the Archean mantle. Three related papers are presented on aspects of the temperature and composition of the Archean mantle, and surface alteration processes. Petrographical and geochemical analyses confirm that olivines from the komatiites retain much of their original igneous character, containing fresh olivines, pyroxenes, and chromites. The olivines from the Weltevreden Formation are extremely magnesian, with Fo contents up to 95.6. Primitive mantle normalized Gd/Yb values near 1, and Al2O3/TiO3 values of 26-33 for these rocks …
Experimental Quantification And Dem Simulation Of Micro-Macro Behaviors Of Granular Materials Using X-Ray Tomography Imaging, Yanrong Fu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A non-invasive experimental method and a clustering DEM model were developed in this study to investigate micro-macro behaviors of real granular materials with irregular particle shape configurations. The investigated behaviors include global deformations, failure strengths and residual strengths, stress and strain distributions, local coordination number, local void ratio, particle kinematics, and fabric orientation distributions. The experimental method includes an approach to automatically identify and recognize multiple particles using x-ray computed tomography imaging (XCT) and an enhanced approach to digitally represent microstructures of granular materials. The digitally represented microstructure can be directly employed for numerical simulation setup. A compression test and …
Optimal Operating Strategy For Wells With Downhole Water Sink Completions To Control Water Production And Improve Performance, Ozan Arslan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Downhole water sink (DWS) technology is an alternative to conventional limited-entry completions to control water production in wells with bottom water drive. DWS wells comprise two completions: the bottom completion produces water and keeps the top completion open to oil inflow. The system performance depends on careful manipulation of the top and bottom rates to maximize oil productivity and produce oil-free water from the bottom completion. Conventional nodal analysis cannot provide a solution for DWS wells because the critical rates for water coning change with water drainage rate. A reservoir simulator is used to model two-phase flow to the dual …
Learning Discrete Hidden Markov Models From State Distribution Vectors, Luis G. Moscovich
Learning Discrete Hidden Markov Models From State Distribution Vectors, Luis G. Moscovich
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are probabilistic models that have been widely applied to a number of fields since their inception in the late 1960’s. Computational Biology, Image Processing, and Signal Processing, are but a few of the application areas of HMMs. In this dissertation, we develop several new efficient learning algorithms for learning HMM parameters. First, we propose a new polynomial-time algorithm for supervised learning of the parameters of a first order HMM from a state probability distribution (SD) oracle. The SD oracle provides the learner with the state distribution vector corresponding to a query string. We prove the correctness …
Stability In Dynamical Polysystems, George Cazacu
Stability In Dynamical Polysystems, George Cazacu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A dynamical polysystem consists of a family of continuous dynamical systems, all acting on a given metric space. The first chapter of the present thesis shows a generalization of control systems via dynamical polysystems and establishes the equivalence of the two notions under certain lipschitz condition on the function defining the dynamics. The remaining chapters are focused on a basic theory of dynamical polysystems. Some topological properties of limit sets are described in Chapter 2. Chapters 3 and 4 provide characterizations for various notions of strong stability. Chapter 5 makes use of the theory of closed relations to study Lyapunov …
The Genetics Of Speciation By Reinforcement, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos
The Genetics Of Speciation By Reinforcement, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Reinforcement occurs when natural selection strengthens behavioral discrimination to prevent costly interpopulation matings, such as when matings produce sterile hybrids. This evolutionary process can complete speciation, thereby providing a direct link between Darwin’s theory of natural selection and the origin of new species. My dissertation presents the first study on the genetics of reinforcement. This study is framed in a conceptual body that explains how genomic architecture, selection and recombination, interact to facilitate divergence in the presence of gene flow. In addition, in my dissertation I produced a dense recombination map for D. pseudoobscura, which together with the genome sequence …
Virtual Strings For Closed Curves With Multiple Components And Filamentations For Virtual Links, William Schellhorn
Virtual Strings For Closed Curves With Multiple Components And Filamentations For Virtual Links, William Schellhorn
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The theory of filaments on oriented chord diagrams can be used to detect some non-classical virtual knots. We extend existing filament techniques to virtual links with more than one component and give examples of virtual links that these techniques can detect as non-classical. Given a signed Gauss word underlying an oriented chord diagram, we describe how to construct a finite sequence of integers that encodes all of the filament information for the diagram. We also introduce a square array of integers called a MIN-square that summarizes the filament information about all of the signed Gauss words having a given Gauss …