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The Relationship Between Dietary Intake And Sleep Quality In Endurance Athletes, Kamiah Moss, Andreas Kreutzer, Austin J. Graybeal, Yan Zhang, Robyn Braun-Trocchio, Ryan R. Porter, Meena Shah

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Athletes have a high prevalence of poor sleep quality. It is unknown if dietary intake affects sleep quality in athletes. PURPOSE: To examine if sleep quality in endurance athletes is related to dietary intake. METHODS: Endurance athletes (n=187), 42.0±13.7 y, participated in the study. Participants completed questionnaires on demographics, dietary intake, and sleep quality. Sleep quality was assessed using the Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), a validated tool, with scores ranging from 0-40 (higher scores indicate poorer sleep quality). The ASSQ subscales included sleep difficulty (SD), chronotype (C), and sleep disordered breathing (SDB). ASSQ-SD was categorized as having …

Effects And Implications Of Wearing A Face Mask On Cardiopulmonary Performance During Exercise, Kara N. Jones, Ashtyn P. Philipsheck, Haley A. Turner, Lauren N. Hoogenakker, Katelyn A. Cole, Jose M. Moris, Jarrett D. Walbolt, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has prompted the use of a face mask (FM) to minimize the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19. The use of an FM being an accepted precautionary measure to reduce viral transmission, there is a need for examining the physiological effects of wearing an FM, specifically during exercise. PURPOSE: To assess the impact of wearing a surgical FM on cardiopulmonary parameters and exercise performance. METHODS: Nine males and 9 females (age = 21.6 ± 2.5 yrs; BMI = 24.4 ± 3.1 kg/m²) …

Functional Social Support Moderates Stress On Depression In Individuals With Cid During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Two-Wave Study., Ely Moak, Grant Morgan, Richard G. Cowden, Edward B. Davis, Kevin J. Glowiak, Austin W. Lemke, Everett L. Worthington, Sandra Y. Rueger, Andreas Stamatis Dr.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Depression is a common psychological experience for those living with a chronic illness and disease (CID). Social support (SS) can influence psychological health by regulating emotional functioning. The functional domain of SS refers to supportive exchange, including the emotional and instrumental functions. Public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic include social distancing and isolation, which have impacted functional aspects of SS. The health risks of being isolated are comparable to the risks linked to obesity, blood pressure, and cigarette smoking. PURPOSE: To investigate the moderating effect of functional SS on the stress-depression relationship on individuals with CID during the COVID-19 …

Map Kinase Phosphatase-5 Regulates Cardiac Adapation To Endurance Exercise, Jaime A. Perales, Dr. Kisuk Min

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Endurance exercise induces a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system and promotes cardio protection against heart disease. It has been established that the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) promote the improvement of cardiac function in response to endurance exercise. However, molecular mechanisms of how MAPK signaling pathways regulate cardiac adaptation to endurance exercise remain unclear. The MAPKs are inactivated by MAP kinase phosphatases (MKPs) through direct dephosphorylation. Recently, growing evidence suggests the importance of MKP-5 signaling mechanisms in physiological and pathological processes. Previously, we have demonstrated that MKP-5-deficient skeletal muscle exhibits improved regenerative myogenesis in response to injury and mice lacking …

Ginger Root Extract Increases Mitochondrial Fission And Mitophagy In Diabetes Mellitus Rats, Casey Appell, Nigel Jiwan, Chwan-Li Shen, Hui-Ying Luk

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Diabetes (DM) is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction (i.e., mitochondria fission/fusion and mitophagy) in which result in an accumulation of damaged mitochondria and further impaired insulin resistance. Ginger root extract (GRE) has been shown to improve mitochondrial biogenesis and decreased respiratory coefficient in DM model, however, the effect of GRE on the basal mitochondria fission/fusion and mitophagy state is limited. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of GRE on mitochondria fission/fusion and mitophagy transcript abundance in rats with diabetes induced by high-fat diet (HFD) with streptozotocin (STZ). METHOD: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: standard diet (STD; n=11), HFD with …

Geranylgeraniol Increases Autophagy And Mitophagy Gene Expression In Soleus Of Rats With Diabetes, Nigel C. Jiwan, Casey Appell, Rui Wang, Chwan-Li Shen, Hui-Ying Luk

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The autophagy and mitophagy (selective autophagy for mitochondria) processes are important in maintaining muscle homeostasis, e.g., removing damaged mitochondria. With diabetes, skeletal muscle autophagy decreases. Geranylgeraniol (GG) has been shown to reduce mitochondrial damage; however, the effect of GG on basal autophagy and mitophagy in diabetic rats is not known. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of GG on selective autophagy and mitophagy genes in rats with diabetes induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) with streptozotocin (STZ). METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: normal diet (CON; n=11), HFD with 35 mg/kg body weight of STZ (HFD; n=9), …

Caffeine Supplementation Strategies Among Endurance Athletes, Andreas Kreutzer, Austin J. Graybeal, Kamiah Moss, Robyn Braun-Trocchio, Meena Shah

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Caffeine is widely accepted as an ergogenic aid for endurance performance. Many laboratory studies use doses of 3-6 mg/kg of caffeine 60 min prior to exercise. It is unclear if endurance athletes employ similar supplementation schemes in practice. Further, there is a paucity of data regarding caffeine consumption in this population. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate caffeine supplementation strategies and consumption among endurance athletes. METHODS: A survey conducted on Qualtrics returned responses regarding caffeine supplementation from 247 endurance athletes (f = 129, m =118; age = 40.4 ± 18.4 y; pro = 11, current/former …

Sex Moderates The Fitness Tests - Performance Index Relationship In Collegiate Basketball: A Case Study, Nicole Kingsley, Samuel Amsbaugh, Zacharias Papadakis, Grant Morgan, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis Dr.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Performance indicators are used widely in sports, including basketball. Those total performance metrics are mathematical models that are used to determine the “best” athlete per game/week/season. Players with higher metrics get recruited more and/or get offered better contracts. During offseason, strength and conditioning coaches (SCCs) perform tests to determine the fitness levels of their players. Although those scores differ by sex, the fitness levels are associated with in-season sport performance and, therefore, performance indices. More insight in the fitness tests - performance index relationship in the collegiate basketball and the differential effects by sex would be valuable for all stakeholders …

Partial Rupture Of The Distal Biceps Tendon In A Collegiate Football Player, Derran J. Strydom, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 20-year-old collegiate football player who presented to the athletic training staff with pain in his left arm near his elbow. He states that he was attempting to make a tackle and that his arm was pushed into hyperextension by another player. He reported discomfort, pain, and numbness in his arm. He attempted to continue to play after completing arm flexion and extension in between plays. His pain levels increased as his range of motion activity continued. The patient could no longer continue during practice and was taken to the medical tent for further …

Comparison Of Indirect Calorimetry And Common Prediction Equations For Evaluating Changes In Resting Metabolic Rate Induced By Resistance Training And A Hypercaloric Diet, Christian Rodriguez, Patrick S. Harty, Matthew T. Stratton, Madelin R. Siedler, Robert W. Smith, Baylor A. Johnson, Jacob R. Dellinger, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah J. White, Marqui L. Benavides, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

An individual’s resting metabolic rate (RMR) is commonly the largest contributor to total daily energy expenditure. Prediction equations are most often employed by practitioners to estimate RMR, due to their superior practicality in many settings relative to laboratory methods like indirect calorimetry (IC). The ability to quantify RMR change over time may be more valuable than cross-sectional estimates as practitioners can then utilize these changes to prescribe adjustments to one’s nutritional intake. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of several commonly used prediction equations to track RMR changes during a hypercaloric nutrition intervention and …

Differences In Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio Preceding Injury Occurrence In United Soccer League Players, Steve P. Fell, Brennen Hodge, Andreas Stamatis, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Professional soccer players are prone to injuries. Training loads (TL), including games, are associated with injury occurrence. Acute:Chronic workload ratio (ACWR), an index of TL, is considered an accurate injury rate metric. In respect to the relationship between injury occurrence and ACWR load obtained using global positioning systems (GPS), little evidence exists in United Soccer League (USL) teams. It is possible high ACWR during the season to lead to injuries. PURPOSE: To investigate the interaction effect of players’ injury status with ACWR of professional soccer players of a USL team. METHODS: In 2019-20, in-season data were gathered from 20 …

Evaluating A Fire Department’S Conditioning Program’S Ability To Predict Tactical Performance From Physical Fitness Testing, Peter Beitia, Scott Grondin, Andreas Stamatis, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Firefighters’ (FF) physical fitness (PF) levels affect their ability to carry out daily tasks and meet unforeseen emergencies. Fire departments (FD) design simulations via the physical ability test (PAT) as an occupational-specific metric of PF. PAT is used both in recruitment and as an indicator of FFs’ on-going PF. However, PATs are labor-/time-/cost-sensitive. Could PF tests reveal recruits’ level of conditioning and predict PAT scores in frugality? PURPOSE: Identify relationships between selected PF components’ scores and PAT performance on City of Hialeah’s Fire Department’s (HFD) specific PAT. METHODS: Forty-five FF (age 26±5SD) performed a battery of PF tests …

United States Special Operations Command South Training Program’S Effectiveness: A Case Study, Gene Hansen, Steve Fell, Jarrod Lubbers, Mindy Langlois, Jacob Talcott, Andreas Stamatis, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

United States Special Operations Command South (SOCSOUTH) plans and coordinates Special Operations to find and fix threats and enable the Interagency, Intelligence Community, and Partner Nations to counter threats to US interests, maintain regional stability and compete in a complex environment. Physical readiness, performance optimization, and injury prevention are critical to the individual operator. SOCSOUTH has allocated significant financial resources associated with operational training and human performance programs in order to improve and maintain operators’ tactical and physical readiness. Whether these efforts are pointed to the right direction are under evaluation. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a 3 months’ …

Predicting Gross Motor Skills In Children: Data From The 2012 Nhanes National Youth Fitness Survey, L. White, T Barreira

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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A New Paradigm For Bodyweight Classification From The 2001-2006 National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, P. Depani, M. Bruneau Jr

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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A Survey Of Nutritional Knowledge In College-Aged Students, E. Berdahl, M. Dwyer, E. Sauers

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

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Improvements In Bilateral Differences In Lean Mass And Strength In Persons With Parkinson’S Disease Presenting Unilateral Motor Symptoms, Jessica Elizondo, Ashlee Shields, Annie Bane, Lorraine Wilson, Lindsay Edwards, Donna Walls, Jill Jumper, Susan Teel, Martha Smallwood

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD), individuals present altered motor symptoms such as rigidity, tremors and bradykinesia. These motor symptoms typically present in the early stages of PD unilaterally. Resistance training with instability (RTI) and cadence walking (CW) are effective in improving markers of fragility and motor function. The benefit of combining RTI and CW and its effects on lean mass and strength hav not been studied. PURPOSE: to examine the effects of RTI, CW and RTI+CW on lean mass in affected and unaffected sides and strength in persons with PD. METHODS: individuals diagnosed with mild to moderate …

Improvements In The 8-Dimensions Of The Parkinson’S Disease Quality Of Life Questionnaire After 8-Weeks Of Resistance Training With Instability And/Or Cadence Walking In Persons With Mild To Moderate Parkinson’S Disease, Rebecca Sipes, Elizabeth Condor, Annie Bane, Lorraine Wilson, Jill Jumper, Lindsay Edwards, Susan Teel, Donna Walls, Martha Smallwood

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical activity helps slow the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Resistance training with iPhysical activity helps slow the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Resistance training with instability (RTI) and cadence walking (CW) add an additional skill (compared to resistance training and walking alone) to improve neuromuscular connections and blood flow to the brain during exercise. A cross-training exercise regimen, combining both resistance training and walking (RTI+CW), has not been studied to determine its effect on the progression of Parkinson’s disease. PURPOSE: to examine the changes in the 8-dimensions of the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ39) (mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), …

Improvements In Markers Of Fragility After 8-Weeks Of Resistance Training With Instability And/Or Cadence Walking In Persons With Mild To Moderate Parkinson’S Disease, Amanda Jones, Erin Smith, Annie Bane, Lorraine Wilson, Lindsay Edwards, Jill Jumper, Susan Teel, Donna Walls, Martha Smallwood

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD), resistance training with instability (RTI) and cadence walking (CW) are effective in improving markers of fragility and motor function. The benefit of combining RTI and CW to markers of fragility and motor function in individuals with PD has not been studied. PURPOSE: to examine the effects of RTI, CW and RTI+CW on markers of fragility (6-minute walk (6MW), timed-up-and-go (TUG), walking speed, stride-to-stride variability and handgrip strength) in individuals with PD. METHODS: individuals diagnosed with mild to moderate PD (N=18 ( 6 female, 12 males); MHY stage=1.53 + 0.50; age = 63.67 …

Effects Of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Phytochemicals Supplementation And Aerobic Exercise Training On Inflammatory And Hormonal Markers In Rats Fed Atherogenic Diet, Maria V. Aguirre, Sarah L. Ullevig, Li Li Ji, Tianou Zhang

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Westernized diet and sedentary lifestyle may exacerbate systemic inflammation and provoke hormonal changes. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) derived phytochemicals Oleocanthal (Oleo) and Oleacein (Olea) demonstrate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of Oleo/Olea supplementation and aerobic exercise training (AET) on plasma inflammatory cytokines and hormones in rats fed high fat atherogenic diet. METHODS: Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an atherogenic diet consisting of 1.25% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid for 12 weeks. Half of the rats were supplemented with 20% EVOO containing high Oleo/Olea (1000 mg/kg, HO, …

The Effect Of Acute And Chronic Thermotherapy On Type 2 Diabetic Skeletal Muscle Cell Viability And Gene Expression: Pilot Study, Louay Bachnak, Jean Sparks, Xavier F. Gonzales, Daniel Newmire, Felix Omoruyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease affecting millions of people globally. Type 2 diabetes is associated with insulin resistance or a defective secretion of insulin from the pancreas. The skeletal muscle system accounts for 80% of glucose uptake and is a vital player in healthy aging and muscle mass maintenance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thermotherapy on gene expression and cell viability in Type 2 Diabetic skeletal muscle. METHODS: Human skeletal muscle myoblast (HSMM) and Diabetic Type 2 human skeletal muscle myoblast (D-HSMM) (Lonza Inc, Walkersville, MD) were cultured until 90% confluency was, …

Disuse Atrophy Occurs Without A Change In Mitochondrial Respiratory Control Ratio During Hindlimb Unloading In Mice, Indu Reddy Enukonda, Megan E. Rosa-Caldwell, David E. Lee, Jacob L. Brown, Richard A. Perry, Tyrone A. Washington, Nicholas P. Greene, Michael P. Wiggs

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Skeletal muscle atrophy commonly occurs during prolonged periods of inactivity, however, the precise mechanisms that cause muscle atrophy have yet to be determined. Specifically, a controversy exists on whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a cause or consequence of disuse muscle atrophy. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if a change in the respiratory control ratio, which is a ratio of maximal O₂ respiration to leak respiration, could be detected prior to muscle atrophy in a time-course study in mice. METHODS: Disuse atrophy was induced using hindlimb unloading (HU) in adult, C57BL/6J male mice for 0 …

Replicating Intermittent Fasting In Human Skeletal Muscle Cells: A Pilot Study, Lael K. Ceriani, Felix Omoruyi, Jean Sparks, Daniel E. Newmire, Xavier F. Gonzales

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the most common form of diabetes (90-95% of diagnoses), is marked by decreased insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance) or a defect in insulin secretion. T2D disrupts nutrient signaling where the body cannot maintain adequate blood glucose levels. Inability to receive glucose in skeletal muscle due to insulin resistance in T2D results in oxidative stress and increased muscle atrophy. Properly regulated glucose uptake is pivotal for healthy aging and maintenance of the skeletal muscle system. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of nutrient deprivation on human skeletal muscle metabolism, with an emphasis …

A Comparison Of High-Intensity Interval Running And Tabata On Post-Exercise Metabolism, Lauren E. Pate

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It is unclear how post-exercise metabolism would compare following the completion of 2 different modes of high-intensity exercise. PURPOSE: Compare the effects of high-intensity interval running (HIIR) and Tabata when performed at a similar duration and intensity. METHODS: Recreationally active individuals (n = 7; 6F, 1M; age = 22.2 ± 2.1 yrs; body mass = 64.2 ± 12.0 kg; body fat% = 26.2±3.1) completed 1) a rest bout, 2) a Tabata bout using only body callisthenic exercises, and 3) a bout of high-intensity interval running (HIIR) on a motorized treadmill. Participants performed each of the 3 bouts on separate …

Clinical Case Study Abstract For Cervical Radiculopathy, Kendell Burgess, Vered Arbel, Terry Nicola, Tal Amasay

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ABSTRACT

CASE HISTORY: The Patient was an 84-year-old male who presented with right arm tremors, right arm spasms, numbness and tingling. The patient stated that the numbness and tingling begun in the right fingers and radiated up to the right side of the neck. The pain is worse while driving and walking, especially over uneven surfaces. The pain did not inhibit his ADLs. He took Tylenol PM for the pain, though infrequently. The patient has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), type 2 diabetes mellitus, foot pain, ankle pain, swelling of lower limb, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. PHYSICAL EXAM: Patient presented …

Case Presentation For Lumbar Radiculopathy Consistent With Foraminal Stenosis And Herniated Nucleus Pulpous, Obed Liera Sanchez, Vered Arbel, Terry Nicola, Tal Amasay

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient was a 38-year-old male who presented with right lower extremity (LE) pain when performing lower back movements, with no specific low back pain. He stated that five months ago he felt an aching in his calves after performing a Romanian Deadlift, with shooting pain in his right lower extremity that radiated below the knee into the calf including paresthesia. The patient started a prednisone taper that helped relieve some of the symptoms, but after two weeks the symptoms resurfaced. The pain prevented him from exercising or performing certain ADLs. PHYSICAL EXAM: Examination of the …

Acute Maltodextrin Supplementation During Resistance Exercise, Dylan T. Wilburn, Steven Machek, Tom Cardaci, Paul Hwang, Darryn Willoughby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Most of the research investigating the ergogenic enhancing mechanisms of carbohydrate have been conducted using aerobic based exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-exercise maltodextrin ingestion on resistance exercise performance, serum insulin, epinephrine, glucose, and muscle glycogen concentrations. METHODS: In a double blind, cross over, repeated measures design, participants completed four sets to failure at 70% of 1-RM with 45s rest on the angled leg press with or without pre-exercise maltodextrin (2g/kg) after a 3hr fast. Serum glucose, epinephrine, and insulin were assessed at baseline, 30 min post-ingestion, immediately after, and 1hr …

Geographic Disparity Of Female Athlete Triad Awareness And Access To Resources In The Ncaa, Anna G. Warner, Katherine H. Rizzone, Robert D. Chetlin, Scott Davis, Timothy Harvey, Paul M. Gordon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Female Athlete Triad is a pervasive, multifactorial morbidity among college athletes. The geographic disparity of female athlete triad awareness and access to resources in NCAA is unknown. PURPOSE: To determine geographic disparities in awareness of Triad components and resource access in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). METHOD: Division I-III NCAA compliance officers were sent an email containing a request to disseminate a web-based survey to cross country coaches in their respective conferences. The web-linked instrument included: a study synopsis; an informed consent statement, and; the IRB-approved survey tool. Respondents were grouped geographically based upon conference headquarters …

Ubiquitin Proteasome System Activity Is Suppressed By Curcumin Following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage In Human Skeletal Muscle, Thomas D. Cardaci, Steven B. Machek, Dylan T. Wilburn, Paul S. Hwang, Darryn Willoughby Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have demonstrated that exposure to curcumin leads to dysregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). However, to date, no study has investigated curcumin’s ability to influence UPS activity in a human model. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of curcumin supplementation on markers of UPS activity in the presence of elevations in UPS activity due to exercise-induced muscle damage. METHODS: Twenty-three recreationally active male and female participants between the ages of 18-30 were randomized into …

Contribution Of The Ankle, Knee, And Hip To Total Lower Extremity Internal/External Rotation, Dylan P. Lidge, Tal Amasay, Vered Arbel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The nature of the ankle, knee, and hip interaction can profoundly impact the movement patterns of the lower extremities. The ability to internally and externally rotate the lower extremity is essential in order to effectively absorb and apply force. In previous studies, most measurements have been conducted in 2D using a protractor, while mainly evaluating the hip. Dysfunction in any joint throughout the kinetic chain can lead to inefficient movement patterns that can compromise performance and potentially lead to injury. Appreciating the complexity of the lower extremity brings to attention the importance of any segments that are compromised. PURPOSE: …