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Sustainable Semi-Arid Grazing Management Based On Indigenous Shona Practices Prior To Introduction Of Western Ideas In Zimbabwe, O. Mugweni, R. Mugweni
Sustainable Semi-Arid Grazing Management Based On Indigenous Shona Practices Prior To Introduction Of Western Ideas In Zimbabwe, O. Mugweni, R. Mugweni
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the Shona culture the land, i.e. the plants, animals, soil, water, air and others, evolved with herding animals. Hence, the absence of one results in the destruction of the other. It is argued that the conventional grazing management belief that too many animals cause overgrazing is a misconception of the semi-arid savanna environments of Southern Africa where these environments evolved with thousands of herding grazers and mega-faunas such as elephants, wildebeests and buffalo. The objective of the research is to establish that grazing with an adequate recovery period for grazed plants, as a result of domesticated animals being managed …
Profitable And Sustainable Grazing Systems For Livestock Producers With Saline Land In Southern Australia, N. J. Edwards, D. G. Masters, Edward G. Barrett-Lennard, M. Hebart, M. Mccaskill, W. King, W. Mason
Profitable And Sustainable Grazing Systems For Livestock Producers With Saline Land In Southern Australia, N. J. Edwards, D. G. Masters, Edward G. Barrett-Lennard, M. Hebart, M. Mccaskill, W. King, W. Mason
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dryland salinity affects over 2.5 M ha in Australia, mostly in southern states and is expanding at 3-5% per year (NLWRA, 2001). The prognosis is for considerable expansion of the area affected by salinity and waterlogging (12–17 M ha at equilibrium), because groundwater levels continue to rise and only small-scale land management programmes have been implemented. In addition, many waterways are increasingly saline, especially in the Murray Darling Basin and in Western Australia (WA). Sustainable Grazing on Saline Land (SGSL) addresses the need to make productive use of saline land and water resources. Its research component operates at 12 sites …
Cow-Calf Production On Perennial Pastures In The Central Semi-Arid Region Of Argentina, C. A. Frasinelli, K. Frigerio, J. Martínez Ferrer, J. H. Veneciano
Cow-Calf Production On Perennial Pastures In The Central Semi-Arid Region Of Argentina, C. A. Frasinelli, K. Frigerio, J. Martínez Ferrer, J. H. Veneciano
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In cow-calf production systems in San Luis, the annual crops are heavily used (eastern region) or the natural pastures are over-used (western region). Both cases constitute unsustainable systems. In the present study, the possibility of structuring an efficient and stable stockbreeding agroecosystem based exclusively on perennial summer grasses was tested. The objectives were: 1) to test a cow-calf production system based on perennial pastures: Digitaria (Digitaria eriantha Steudel subsp. eriantha cv Irene), without protein supplement during winter, and 2) to determine the physical and economical efficiency of the production system and sustainability of such indicators in the short-term (6 …
Growth Performance Of Crossbred Steers On Unfertilised Mountain Pastures At Low Stocking Rates, A. Chassot, J. Troxler
Growth Performance Of Crossbred Steers On Unfertilised Mountain Pastures At Low Stocking Rates, A. Chassot, J. Troxler
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
As a consequence of increasing economic pressure on Swiss agriculture, marginal areas are threatened by abandonment, especially in the mountainous regions. Using these areas for extensive beef production might preserve an open landscape and favour biodiversity. A grazing experiment was conducted with steers on an unfertilised mountain pasture to study the effects of a reduction of stocking rate on the growth of the animals and on changes in the vegetation.
Optimising Forage Production On Degraded Lands In The Dry Tropics Through Silvopastoral Systems, P. S. Pathak
Optimising Forage Production On Degraded Lands In The Dry Tropics Through Silvopastoral Systems, P. S. Pathak
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In India, 187 M ha out of a total area of 328 M ha face the problem of land degradation, mostly due to water and wind erosion. The problems are aggravated by poor land cover and increasing pressure of human and livestock populations. There is over-exploitation of the scarce resources of forage and firewood. Several techniques, including watershed based silvopastoral land use have been proposed (Patil & Pathak, 1977). Tree, grass and legume based systems have been tried after land treatment to reduce runoff and soil loss while meeting the forage needs of the livestock and firewood for cooking in …
Agroforestry Systems In Cuba: Some Aspects Of Animal Production, J. M. Iglesias, L. Simón, L. Lamela, I. Hernández, M. Milera, T. Sánchez
Agroforestry Systems In Cuba: Some Aspects Of Animal Production, J. M. Iglesias, L. Simón, L. Lamela, I. Hernández, M. Milera, T. Sánchez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The silvopastoral systems, that nowadays constitute scientific achievements of the Grasses and Forages Research Station “Indio Hatuey ", have been developed from the results of investigations that were carried out since the 1980s, to improve the productivity of natural pastures through the introduction of valuable herbaceous species and tree legumes. Those investigations also determined the essential elements of pasture management such as the optimal stocking rates for low input systems and suitable methods of grazing to obtain sustainability of grasslands.
Hedgerow Systems And Livestock In Philippine Grasslands: Ghg Emissions, D. B. Magcale-Macandog, E. Abucay, R. G. Visco, R. N. Miole, E. L. Abas, G. M. Comajig, A. D. Calub
Hedgerow Systems And Livestock In Philippine Grasslands: Ghg Emissions, D. B. Magcale-Macandog, E. Abucay, R. G. Visco, R. N. Miole, E. L. Abas, G. M. Comajig, A. D. Calub
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Hedgerow systems are widely adopted in the smallholder farms in the sloping grassland areas of Claveria, Mindanao, Philippines. The system is effective in addressing soil erosion problems and in conserving the topsoil. Gmelina arborea and Eucalyptus deglupta are two fast-growing timber species that are planted in hedgerow systems while maize is planted in the alley areas in between the hedgerows. Livestock holdings are widespread in Claveria, with 74% of the households having livestock. Cattle and carabao are the most common livestock in smallholder farms providing draught power for land preparation and transportation. In hedgerow systems, fodder tree leaves and crop …
Effect Of Urea-Treated Pennisetum Pedicellatum And Supplementation Of Concentrates With Urea On Milk Production Of "Mossi" Ewes, V. M. C. Bougouma-Yameogo, A. J. Nianogo
Effect Of Urea-Treated Pennisetum Pedicellatum And Supplementation Of Concentrates With Urea On Milk Production Of "Mossi" Ewes, V. M. C. Bougouma-Yameogo, A. J. Nianogo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The "Mossi" sheep is a near parent of "Djallonke" sheep that live in sudano-sahelian area of Burkina Faso. However, there are few available results on dairy production from this breed. The treatment of straw with urea is a technique used in several developing countries to improve the nutritional value of gramineous forages (Sourabié et al., 1995). The aim of this study was to test the influence on the performance of "Mossi" ewes and on milk composition of treatment of Pennisetum pedicellatum (Pp) with urea in comparison with addition of urea to the concentrate feed.
Geographic Patterns In The Genetic Diversity Of Elymus Species From Qinghai-Tibetan And Inner Mongolian Plateau, Xuebing Yan, Yuxia Guo, Z. He, W. Kun
Geographic Patterns In The Genetic Diversity Of Elymus Species From Qinghai-Tibetan And Inner Mongolian Plateau, Xuebing Yan, Yuxia Guo, Z. He, W. Kun
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The genus Elymus is the largest genus in the tribe Triticeae with about 150 species distributed in most temperate regions of the world (Dewey, 1984). The genetic diversity of Elymus spp. from alpine regions is very important for improving resistance to adverse condition. The goals of this study were to investigate micro- satellite and enzyme polymorphism and population structure of different regions and Elymus spp. in China.
Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants, D. Tsogoo, Sh. Batsukh
Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants, D. Tsogoo, Sh. Batsukh
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Mongolian rangelands harbour 564 genera, 128 families and 2,823 species of plants (Gubanov, 1996). Approximately 600 species can be used as forage plants (Yunatov, 1968). There are 5 to 6 species of perennial forage plants that are unique to Mongolia and the country has a domestic cultivar "Burgaltai" of lucerne. This paper provides the results of a study on vegetative and seed yield of germplasm collected from naturally occurring forage plants during 1976-2003. To date, seeds have been collected and are involved in the experimental work from approximately 70 percent of forage plants available at the forage plant …
The Feasibility Of Autoclave-Assisted Water Soluble Carbohydrate Extraction To Distinguish Annual Ryegrass Genotypes At The Seedling Stage, L. P. Passos, F. B. De Sousa, A. Mittelmann, M. C. Vidigal, I. G. Perry, L. O. Cruz, J. A. Magalhães
The Feasibility Of Autoclave-Assisted Water Soluble Carbohydrate Extraction To Distinguish Annual Ryegrass Genotypes At The Seedling Stage, L. P. Passos, F. B. De Sousa, A. Mittelmann, M. C. Vidigal, I. G. Perry, L. O. Cruz, J. A. Magalhães
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) swards are being used increasingly in Southern Brazil as animal forage (Carvalho et al., 2001). As observed elsewhere, reduced forage availability and quality during dry or cold seasons often limits the efficacy of pasture utilisation. As reported by Meissner et al. (1992), this demands breeding efforts to improve forage nutritive value. However, lack of concurrent examination of large number of samples for important nutritional parameters, like water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) levels, which could lead to more precise selection strategies, is a common constraint of those programs. This study aimed to verify the suitability …
Variability And Correlations Of Some Investigated Traits Of Perennial Ryegrass Populations, D. Sokolovic, S. Ignjatovic, Z. Tomic
Variability And Correlations Of Some Investigated Traits Of Perennial Ryegrass Populations, D. Sokolovic, S. Ignjatovic, Z. Tomic
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is one of the most important perennial forage grasses for temperate climates. It is a highly productive grass with the highest nutritive value (Sokolovi et al., 2002). In Serbia, breeders have developed perennial ryegrass cultivars with high stabile yield and quality with different times of maturity and resistance to drought and frost. The initial breeding material were usually wild populations (Charmet et. al., 1996) with high variability and adaptability. These characteristics lend themselves for selection of superior genotypes. But breeding for some important agronomic traits may influence others. This relationship between traits …
Cattle Production From Native Pastures In The Semi-Humid Grasslands Of Uganda, S. Okello, Elly N. Sabiiti
Cattle Production From Native Pastures In The Semi-Humid Grasslands Of Uganda, S. Okello, Elly N. Sabiiti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The cattle population of Uganda, estimated at 6 million, consists of more than 95% indigenous stock, raised on the semi-arid and semi-humid grasslands that make up 48% of the total land area and which supply over 85% of the marketed milk and meat. Native grassland pastures, which vary seasonal in quantity and quality due to rainfall and temperature variations, are the sole feed resource for cattle (Mbuza et al., 1992). This study examined the effects of seasonal herbage mass (HM), dietary crude protein (CPd), detergent lignin (ADLd) and digestibility (DiG) on body condition scores of …
The Seasonal Dry Matter Production And Carrying Capacity Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman
The Seasonal Dry Matter Production And Carrying Capacity Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the main milk producing areas of the Southern Cape, kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) is considered an important summer and autumn pasture which is climatologically well adapted. The main problem experienced with kikuyu is that winter and spring production is low and the exclusion of legumes make it dependent of nitrogen fertiliser and that increases the input cost. The aim of the study was to quantify the seasonal dry matter (DM) yield and carrying capacity of kikuyu (K) through treatments involving kikuyu oversown with annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum spp.) (KR), kikuyu oversown with a mixture of perennial ryegrass …
The Seasonal Botanical Composition, Calcium And Phosphorus Content Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman
The Seasonal Botanical Composition, Calcium And Phosphorus Content Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) is one of the major grasses used for summer and autumn grazing in the Southern Cape coast area of South Africa. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum spp.), perennial white (Trifolium repens) and red clover (Trifolium pratense) can be incorporated into an existing kikuyu stand to improve pasture quality and spring production. The aim of this study was to determine the persistence of these species and effects on the calcium and phosphorus content of kikuyu (K), kikuyu oversown with annual ryegrass (KR), kikuyu oversown with a mixture of perennial ryegrass (L. …
Variability In Quantity And Composition Of Water Soluble Carbohydrates Among Irish Accessions And European Varieties Of Perennial Ryegrass, S. Mcgrath, S. Barth, A. Frohlich, M. Francioso, S. A. Lamorte, T. R. Hodkinson
Variability In Quantity And Composition Of Water Soluble Carbohydrates Among Irish Accessions And European Varieties Of Perennial Ryegrass, S. Mcgrath, S. Barth, A. Frohlich, M. Francioso, S. A. Lamorte, T. R. Hodkinson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to identify perennial ryegrass accessions displaying high fructose and glucose contents and an improved ratio between fructose and glucose fractions across different time points throughout the year. Fructose and glucose are the main constituents of the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) fraction in perennial ryegrass. For animal nutrition the amount of WSC is crucial as it is the primary energy source available to metabolise the intake of plant protein. The ratio between fructose and glucose fractions is important since fructosan chains, which are an excellent energy source for ruminants, are built from fructose. Furthermore the …
A Survey Of European Regional Adaptation In Italian Ryegrass Varieties, T. J. Gilliland, A. J. P. Van Wijk
A Survey Of European Regional Adaptation In Italian Ryegrass Varieties, T. J. Gilliland, A. J. P. Van Wijk
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Ryegrass is widely adapted to cool temperate eco-zones and breeders often submit individual varieties for testing in a number of EU countries. National testing programmes often combine data from several trial sites that may differ climatically, but not from sites in other member states, despite the possibility of high ecological similarity. Given increasing interest in animal value characters (soluble sugars, lipids, sward geometry), additional testing for these would be valuable but is prohibited by capped or declining funding. Data sharing between EU national authorities could be advantageous but is inhibited by the lack of statistically valid data on the sensitivity …
Milk Production Potential Of Different Dairy Pasture Types In Southern Australia, J. Tharmaraj, D. F. Chapman, Z. N. Nie, A. P. Lane
Milk Production Potential Of Different Dairy Pasture Types In Southern Australia, J. Tharmaraj, D. F. Chapman, Z. N. Nie, A. P. Lane
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The growth rate of traditional perennial ryegrass-based pastures commonly fails to meet herd feed requirements through winter and summer in non-irrigated dairy systems in southern Australia. Alternative pasture species can improve seasonal feed supply in this region (Tharmaraj & Chapman, 2005). However, the feeding value and milk production of these pastures must at least match perennial ryegrass if they are to be adopted successfully on dairy farms. This paper reports results of a comparison of the milk production potential of pasture types similar to those investigated by Tharmaraj & Chapman (2005) for their agronomic performance.
Effect Of Strain Of Holstein-Friesian Cow And Feed System On Reproductive Performance In Seasonal-Calving Milk Production Systems Over Four Years, B. Horan, J. F. Mee, Myles Rath, P. O'Connor, P. Dillon
Effect Of Strain Of Holstein-Friesian Cow And Feed System On Reproductive Performance In Seasonal-Calving Milk Production Systems Over Four Years, B. Horan, J. F. Mee, Myles Rath, P. O'Connor, P. Dillon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In Ireland most dairy farms operate seasonal calving grass-based milk production systems. Feed demand and supply are matched by having calving highly concentrated in spring. This requires high pregnancy rates within a short time following the start of mating in late April or early May, but has become increasingly difficult to achieve due to declining fertility in Irish dairy herds (Mee, 2004). In New Zealand, cows of North American Holstein-Friesian origin have poorer fertility than New Zealand Holstein-Friesians on pasture-based seasonal calving systems (Harris & Kolver, 2001). The present study sought to determine the effect of strain of Holstein-Friesian (HF) …
Phenotype X Herbage Allowance Interactions In Reproduction Of First Calf Heifers Grazing Semiarid Rangeland, J. W. Holloway, B. G. Warrington, M. K. Owens
Phenotype X Herbage Allowance Interactions In Reproduction Of First Calf Heifers Grazing Semiarid Rangeland, J. W. Holloway, B. G. Warrington, M. K. Owens
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Cattle are differentially adapted to nutritional environments. The most sensitive measure of adaptation is reproduction of first-calf heifers. We studied the role of maturation rate and milk production on reproductive performance of first-calf heifers allowed different levels of herbage in semiarid rangeland.
The Impact Of The Level Of Feed-On-Offer Available To Merino Ewes During Winter-Spring On The Wool Production Of Their Progeny As Adults, Chris Oldham, M. Ferguson, B. Paganoni, A. Thompson, G. Kearney, M. A. Van Burgel
The Impact Of The Level Of Feed-On-Offer Available To Merino Ewes During Winter-Spring On The Wool Production Of Their Progeny As Adults, Chris Oldham, M. Ferguson, B. Paganoni, A. Thompson, G. Kearney, M. A. Van Burgel
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
New opportunities for developing optimum ewe management systems, based on achieving liveweight and body condition score (CS) targets at critical stages of the reproductive cycle, have emerged from the acceptance that nutrition during pregnancy can have substantial impacts on the lifetime wool performance of the progeny (Kelly et al,. 1996). However, most studies of the impacts of nutrition on foetal growth and development tended to focus on late pregnancy and have also only considered extreme nutritional regimes often outside the boundaries of commercial reality. Hence, the Lifetime Wool team (Thompson & Oldham, 2004) conducted dose-response experiments to determine the …
Effects Of Forage Chicory (Cichorium Intybus) On Farmed Deer Growth And Internal Parasitism, S. O. Hoskin, P. R. Wilson, W. E. Pomroy, T. N. Barry
Effects Of Forage Chicory (Cichorium Intybus) On Farmed Deer Growth And Internal Parasitism, S. O. Hoskin, P. R. Wilson, W. E. Pomroy, T. N. Barry
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Internal parasitism (particularly lungworm - Dictyocaulus sp) significantly limits post-weaning growth of deer. Endoparasite control using anthelmintics may be unsustainable, due to the increasing risk of anthelmintic resistance and the risk or perception of chemical residues in animal products. Chicory has a high feeding value and contains sesquiterpene lactones and low levels of condensed tannins, both with anti-parasitic activity (Molan et al., 2003). Grazing chicory during autumn may reduce the requirement for anthelmintic treatment of young deer compared with grazing ryegrass-based pasture (Hoskin et al., 1999). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of withholding …
Gene Discovery And Molecular Dissection Of Lignin Biosynthesis In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne), A. Lidgett, M. Emmerling, R. Heath, R. Mcinnes, D. Lynch, A. Bartkowski, K. Fulgueras, T. Sawbridge, E. K. Ong, K. F. Smith, A. Mouradov, G. C. Spangenberg
Gene Discovery And Molecular Dissection Of Lignin Biosynthesis In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne), A. Lidgett, M. Emmerling, R. Heath, R. Mcinnes, D. Lynch, A. Bartkowski, K. Fulgueras, T. Sawbridge, E. K. Ong, K. F. Smith, A. Mouradov, G. C. Spangenberg
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lignification of plant cell walls has been identified as a major factor limiting forage digestibility. It limits the amount of digestible energy available to livestock, resulting in an incomplete utilisation of cellulose and hemicellulose by ruminant animals. Modification of the lignin profile of ryegrasses (Lolium spp.) and fescues (Festuca spp.) is undertaken through modulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of monolignols.
Identification Of Putative AtTt2 R2r3-Myb Transcription Factor Orthologues In Tanniferous Tissues Of L. Corniculatus Var. Japonicus Cv Gifu, D. N. Bryant, P. Bailey, P. Morris, Mark P. Robbins, C. Martin, T. Wang
Identification Of Putative AtTt2 R2r3-Myb Transcription Factor Orthologues In Tanniferous Tissues Of L. Corniculatus Var. Japonicus Cv Gifu, D. N. Bryant, P. Bailey, P. Morris, Mark P. Robbins, C. Martin, T. Wang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
R2R3-MYB plant transcription factors are sequence–specific DNA-binding proteins, which regulate the expression of specific gene(s) following the R2R3 DNA-binding domain interacting with the corresponding promoter sequence(s). The biosynthetic pathway leading to the production of anthocyanins has been demonstrated to be under MYB transcriptional regulatory control (Cone et al., 1986), while the accumulation of proanthocyanidins (PAs) in Arabidopsis seed coats is determined by the R2R3-MYB AtTT2 (Nesi et al., 2001). Using an informatics approach, partial sequences of putative AtTT2 orthologues have been identified and cloned from the forage legume Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus cv Gifu.
Screening Genes For Association With Loci For Nitrogen-Use Efficiency In Perennial Ryegrass By PyrosequencingTm, O. Dolstra, D. Dees, J. -D. Driesprong, E. N. Van Loo
Screening Genes For Association With Loci For Nitrogen-Use Efficiency In Perennial Ryegrass By PyrosequencingTm, O. Dolstra, D. Dees, J. -D. Driesprong, E. N. Van Loo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The application of marker-assisted selection to improve quantitative traits in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is cumbersome. It requires a priori knowledge on the association of markers and genes. The knowledge on the chromosomal location of major genes for quantitative traits as well as on gene sequences is rapidly growing. However, determination of the genetic constitution of parents prior to their use in breeding still is impractical. More realistic is to collect association data along with the testing activities needed for breeding new varieties. This study uses changes in allele frequency due to selection as a criterion for gene-trait …
Genetic Variation In The Perennial Ryegrass Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium Lolii, E. Van Zijll De Jong, N. R. Bannan, A. V. Stewart, K. F. M. Reed, M. P. Dobrowolski, K. F. Smith, G. C. Spangenberg, J. W. Forster
Genetic Variation In The Perennial Ryegrass Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium Lolii, E. Van Zijll De Jong, N. R. Bannan, A. V. Stewart, K. F. M. Reed, M. P. Dobrowolski, K. F. Smith, G. C. Spangenberg, J. W. Forster
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The common fungal endophytes (Neotyphodium species) of temperate pasture grasses are associated with improved tolerance to water and nutrient stress and resistance to insect pests, but are also the causal agents of animal toxicoses. Considerable variation exists among grass-endophyte associations for these beneficial and detrimental agronomic traits. The extent to which this variation may be attributed to the endophyte genotype, the host genotype or environmental interactions is currently unknown. The development of molecular genetic markers for endophytes based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and the demonstration of the specific detection of endophytes in planta with these markers (van …
Metabolome Analysis Of The Interaction Between Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne) And The Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium Lolii, P. Tian, S. Felitti, M. P. Dobrowolski, K. F. Smith, D. Edwards, R. Hall, J. Kopka, G. C. Spangenberg
Metabolome Analysis Of The Interaction Between Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne) And The Fungal Endophyte Neotyphodium Lolii, P. Tian, S. Felitti, M. P. Dobrowolski, K. F. Smith, D. Edwards, R. Hall, J. Kopka, G. C. Spangenberg
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) frequently contain endophytic fungi (Neotyphodium lolii in perennial ryegrass and N. coenophialum in tall fescue). The presence of the endophyte has been shown to improve seedling vigour, persistence and drought tolerance in marginal environments as well as provide protection against some insect pests. Endophyte-infected grasses also produce a wide range of metabolites, including ergopeptine alkaloids, indole-isoprenoid lolitrems, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, and pyrrolopyrazine alkaloids. In contrast to information on alkaloids and animal toxicosis, the beneficial physiological aspects of the endophyte/grass interactions have not been well characterised. The physiological …
Productivity Of Sahiwal And Friesian–Sahiwal Crossbreds In Marginal Grasslands Of Kenya, W. B. Muhuyi, F. B. Lukibisi, S. N. Ole Sinkeet
Productivity Of Sahiwal And Friesian–Sahiwal Crossbreds In Marginal Grasslands Of Kenya, W. B. Muhuyi, F. B. Lukibisi, S. N. Ole Sinkeet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dual-purpose cattle can be used to exploit the production potential of semi-arid grasslands of Kenya for milk and meat production. Although the Sahiwal is adapted to these grasslands, its productivity is low. In order to increase milk and meat productivity, the Sahiwal has been crossed with the Friesian to produce Friesian-Sahiwal crossbreds (McDowell et al., 1996) adapted to the tropical environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of Sahiwal and Friesian-Sahiwal crossbreds.
Role Of The Banyuls(Ban) Gene From Arabidopsis Thaliana In Transgenic Alfalfa Expression Of Anthocyanins And Proanthocyanidins, S. M. Hesamzadeh Hejazi, Sergio Arcioni, F. Paolocci
Role Of The Banyuls(Ban) Gene From Arabidopsis Thaliana In Transgenic Alfalfa Expression Of Anthocyanins And Proanthocyanidins, S. M. Hesamzadeh Hejazi, Sergio Arcioni, F. Paolocci
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Condensed tannins (CTs) are flavonoid oligomers, many of which have beneficial effects on animal (bloat safe) and human health. The BAN gene encodes anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), an enzyme proposed to convert anthocyanidins to their corresponding 2,3-cis-flavan-3-ols (Xie et al., 2003). Ectopic expression of BAN in Alfalfa transgenic foliage results in accumulation of CTs. Thus, it has been assumed that the BAN gene also acts in starter units for the condensation of tannins in Alfalfa.
Diversity Of Diet Composition Decreases With Conjoint Grazing Of Cattle With Sheep And Goats, A. M. Nicol, M. B. Soper, A. Stewart
Diversity Of Diet Composition Decreases With Conjoint Grazing Of Cattle With Sheep And Goats, A. M. Nicol, M. B. Soper, A. Stewart
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Conjoint or mixed grazing can affect the diet selected by each species (Nicol & Collins, 1990). Diet similarity coefficients are often used to compare pairs of diets (Krebs, 1999). However this approach is awkward when a number of contrasts are required in a multifactorial comparison. Species diversity is a descriptor of a particular environment. Many models provide an estimate of species diversity, the most common of these being a log-normal distribution (Tokeshi, 1996). We tested whether this model could be applied to dietary components selected from a pasture, and thus provide a coefficient of dietary diversity for the individual diets …