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Conservation Agriculture Effects On Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Cotton, Soybean, And Corn In Southeast Arkansas, Jonathan Benjamin Brye
Conservation Agriculture Effects On Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Cotton, Soybean, And Corn In Southeast Arkansas, Jonathan Benjamin Brye
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The slow degradation of natural resources has resulted in the focus of agriculture shifting towards conservation practices, such as reduced/no-tillage, cover crops (CC), and organic amendments (i.e., biochar), that conserve and improve natural resource quality. The objectives of this thesis were to i) quantify the impacts of biochar rate (i.e., 0, 2000, and 4000 kg ha-1) and ii) the combination of CC and tillage practice on carbon dioxide (CO¬2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, growing-season-long emissions, global warming potential (GWP), soil properties, and plant response from a minimally tilled cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)-corn (Zea mays) rotation and a soybean …
Quantifying The Short-Term Hydrogeologic Responses Of Highway Construction In Hot Springs, Arkansas, Billy Jack Summerford
Quantifying The Short-Term Hydrogeologic Responses Of Highway Construction In Hot Springs, Arkansas, Billy Jack Summerford
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In late 2020, excavation for the Highway 5 Bypass in Hot Springs, Arkansas exposed seepage faces along roadcut walls. Groundwater levels at nearby wells decreased by up to 20.9 ft and have remained ~20 ft below pre-construction values on average. This study quantifies changes in storage in the unconfined aquifer within the Hot Springs thermal recharge zone associated with the seepage faces using a numerical groundwater model calibrated to pre-construction head at well ARb4. Model scenarios are used to evaluate whether construction-induced seepage or drought best explains the decrease from late 2020 to early 2021. The numerical groundwater simulation represented …
Impacts Of Climate-Smart Agriculture On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Southeast Arkansas Cotton, Cassandra Seuferling
Impacts Of Climate-Smart Agriculture On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Southeast Arkansas Cotton, Cassandra Seuferling
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Increasing concerns of climate change have led to the evaluation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O)] from agroecosystems, particularly cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production. Technology improvement and conservation agriculture methods [i.e., reduced-tillage (RT) instead of conventional tillage (CT) and the use of cover crops (CC)] require further evaluation regarding GHG emissions from Arkansas cotton production. The first objective of the study was to evaluate four gas-flux-determination methods [i.e., linear or exponential regression models, with negative fluxes (WNF) included in the dataset or replacing negative fluxes (RNF)] on CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes …
Searching Harder For The Darter: Evaluating Endangered Yellowcheek Darter (Nothonotus Moorei) Status And Drought Responses, Kearstin Findley
Searching Harder For The Darter: Evaluating Endangered Yellowcheek Darter (Nothonotus Moorei) Status And Drought Responses, Kearstin Findley
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Freshwater ecosystems are one of the most imperiled habitats across the world with biodiversity declining rapidly. There are many stressors contributing to freshwater species declines including habitat loss and degradation, land-use changes, anthropogenic water demands, changes in precipitation and weather extremes, and pollution. Current environmental projections predict that these stressors will continue to impact freshwater ecosystems to greater extents moving forward. Stream drying from drought conditions increasing in intensity and frequency is especially concerning in northern Arkansas where seasonal drought is typical in the summer and fall months. With increased drying conditions, the elimination of shallow-water riffle habitats in streams …
Exploring A 'Fishy' Solution: Uncovering Human Norovirus Using A Zebrafish Model, Sahaana Chandran
Exploring A 'Fishy' Solution: Uncovering Human Norovirus Using A Zebrafish Model, Sahaana Chandran
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide; however, the lack of robust laboratory culture systems and reliable animal models has limited progress in understanding viral replication and developing effective intervention strategies. While alternative models such as the zebrafish system have been explored, gaps remain in evaluating their ability to support replication across diverse HuNoV strains and in identifying factors that influence infectivity. This dissertation provides a comprehensive investigation into the use of the zebrafish model for studying viral replication, host interactions, and potential inhibition strategies. Initial studies focused on optimizing viral delivery methods using Tulane virus …
Design And Optimization To Advance Silicon Carbide Modules For Medium Voltage High Power Applications, Ahmed Ismail
Design And Optimization To Advance Silicon Carbide Modules For Medium Voltage High Power Applications, Ahmed Ismail
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The commercial availability of the first 10 kV silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFET removes the principal semiconductor barrier to medium-voltage power conversion, enabling converter topologies that are structurally inaccessible to silicon IGBT solutions at this voltage class. This dissertation presents the characterization infrastructure, device-level data, and preliminary system-level validation needed to advance the deployment of the third-generation 10 kV SiC MOSFET in converter applications. A custom-built 10 kV double-pulse test platform is developed with a fully documented component-sizing methodology, custom medium-voltage magnetics, and a measurement infrastructure capable of high bandwidth waveform capture at kilovolt common-mode potentials. On this platform, the third-generation …
Automated Circuit Design Algorithm And Implementation For Asynchronous Reset (Ares) Physically Unclonable Functions, Andrew Michael Felder
Automated Circuit Design Algorithm And Implementation For Asynchronous Reset (Ares) Physically Unclonable Functions, Andrew Michael Felder
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Technology is increasingly interwoven in all aspects of society as it solves new problems, creates new possibilities, and enables new conveniences. With its unceasing evolution, environments handling protected information such as military, finance, and medicine demand ever-evolving threat mitigation. Combating attackers’ abilities to spoof devices, uncover cryptographic keys, and bypass security features is a never-ending task which drives technological advancement to improve existing capabilities and develop entirely new methodologies. In this dissertation work, the hybrid Asynchronous RESet Physically Unclonable Function (ARES PUF) is evaluated at the circuit to determine its merits as a PUF. As part of this evaluation, results …
Privacy Protection In Machine Learning: Methods For Structured And Unstructured Data, Karuna Bhaila
Privacy Protection In Machine Learning: Methods For Structured And Unstructured Data, Karuna Bhaila
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
As machine learning models become increasingly integrated into data-driven decision-making, the protection of sensitive information throughout the model lifecycle is a paramount concern. As these models process and memorize sensitive, proprietary, or personal data, they risk leaking information through their outputs or internal states, especially in domains such as healthcare and finance. The protection of data in machine learning has thus been a crucial field of study. Within this paradigm, researchers have studied theoretical and application-oriented mechanisms for realizing privacy protections for various data formats. Nonetheless, privacy in machine learning still has many open problems, especially with the emergence of …
Situational Determinants Of Severity In Bias-Motivated Violence, Sophia Glick
Situational Determinants Of Severity In Bias-Motivated Violence, Sophia Glick
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Although overall violent crime rates continue to decline, bias-motivated violence, including bias murder, is rising in the United States (United States Department of Justice, 2024). Criminologists have examined how situational factors—such as location, weapon use, and bystander presence—increase the likelihood of violence escalating to murder. However, it remains unclear whether these same factors similarly affect the severity of bias-motivated violence. These gaps are notable given that prior research suggests bias-motivated violence differs situationally from other forms of violence. Guided by the situational crime prevention (SCP) perspective, the current study investigates how situated attributes of factors reflecting the vulnerability and symbolic …
Toward Causal Generative Modeling: From Representation Learning To Controllable Generation, Aneesh Komanduri
Toward Causal Generative Modeling: From Representation Learning To Controllable Generation, Aneesh Komanduri
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The hallmark of human intelligence is causal reasoning, the ability to infer relationships between causes and effects through observation and intervention. While modern deep learning has excelled at identifying statistical patterns, current generative models often struggle to capture the underlying structural causal mechanisms of the data-generating process, leaving them vulnerable to shortcut learning and spurious associations. To achieve true generalizability and interpretability, artificial intelligence must transition from simple association to higher-level causal reasoning to be capable of scheduling and planning in the real world. This dissertation develops fundamental methodologies for causal generative modeling by integrating Pearl’s Structural Causal Model (SCM) …
The Impact Of Quantum Computing On Ransomware, Byron Denham
The Impact Of Quantum Computing On Ransomware, Byron Denham
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Ransomware is one of the most pervasive and dangerous threats to cybersecurity today. Attacks involving ransomware have been responsible for the disruption of critical services in many fields including healthcare, education, and government. In the current paradigm, crypto ransomware relies on asymmetric cryptography to perform its operations in a way that ensure the victim’s only chance for file recovery is by paying the attacker’s requested ransom payment. However, advancements in quantum computing threaten the asymmetric cryptography that ransomware relies on. It has been shown that, once developed, a sufficiently powerful quantum computer will have the ability to break asymmetric cryptography …
Proud To Be Lao: Examining Lao American Identity Through Transnational Music And Performance, Zechary Phouthavong
Proud To Be Lao: Examining Lao American Identity Through Transnational Music And Performance, Zechary Phouthavong
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
For some time, Lao popular music has not received the same global recognition as other genres emerging out of Asia, such as K-Pop and Bollywood. In recent years, however, Lao-pop artists like Thinlamphone and Zamio P have broken onto the global stage, with music that showcases a unique blend of traditional Lao instrumentation with hip-hop, pop, and R&B styles. This emerging trend is particularly poignant for Lao Americans, as Lao-pop allows for Lao Americans to negotiate their experiences of being both Lao and American, further signifying its importance to constructing identity. This thesis explores the unique process of Lao Americans …
The Anti-‘Refugee Crisis’: A Comparative Analysis Of Anti-Immigrant Extremist Violence In The United States And The Nordic Countries, Ethan Mitchell
The Anti-‘Refugee Crisis’: A Comparative Analysis Of Anti-Immigrant Extremist Violence In The United States And The Nordic Countries, Ethan Mitchell
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Using data from the U.S. Extremist Crime Database (ECDB), the Bias Homicide Database (BHDB), and the Right-Wing Terrorism and Violence (RTV) database, this study explores how attributes of anti-immigrant extremist violence compare across the United States and the Nordic countries. Compared to the long, complicated history of U.S. immigration and anti-immigrant violence, the homogeneity of the Nordic nations has only relatively recently been interrupted by mass immigration events like the mid-2010s’ “refugee crisis.” Rapid demographic change in these nations has inspired increased levels of extremism targeting immigrants and refugees. Quantitative analyses of cases ranging from 1990-2022 illuminate how broader social, …
Efficient Deep Neural Networks For Autonomous Perception, Reeshad Khan
Efficient Deep Neural Networks For Autonomous Perception, Reeshad Khan
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Autonomous perception systems must operate reliably under uncertainty arising from noisy observations, incomplete supervision, and hardware constraints. This dissertation investigates the design of efficient deep neural networks for autonomous perception through a unified perspective that treats uncertainty, efficiency, and sensing as interconnected challenges. The first contribution develops adaptive extensions of unbiased risk estimators, including eSURE and ePURE, enabling unsupervised training of deep neural networks for magnetic resonance image denoising under Gaussian and Poisson noise. However, these methods rely on known noise assumptions, which motivates the second contribution: a unified diffusion and Bayesian risk framework that estimates and adapts to unknown …
Cognitive Appraisals, Empathy, And Helping Behavior: Toward An Integrated Model, Emily Morgan Vance
Cognitive Appraisals, Empathy, And Helping Behavior: Toward An Integrated Model, Emily Morgan Vance
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Empathy leads to prosocial behavior (Ding & Lu, 2016), but the factors that influence whether we feel empathetic toward someone in need are less clear. I investigated whether cognitive appraisals and empathy explained helping intentions in response to help-giving contexts. This research was informed by Weiner’s attribution-emotion-action model (1980), Batson and colleagues’ empathy-altruism hypothesis (Batson et al., 1981), and appraisal theory of emotion (e.g., Smith & Ellsworth, 1985). Study 1 was exploratory and investigated the relationship between cognitive appraisals, emotions, and helping intentions in response to a help-giving scenario. Studies 2 and 3 manipulated the strength of the help-giving scenario …
Developmental Assets And Risk-Related Restraint And Resistance Orientations Among Emerging Adult College Students: Examining Protective Associations, Summer N. Beck
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Abstract Background: Although developmental assets are well established as protective factors during childhood and adolescence, less is known about their role during emerging adulthood, a period when the prevalence of several types of risk behaviors peak. For the U.S. college student, campus can provide ideal conditions for supporting the extended transition to adulthood. However, that same environment may increase exposure to health risk behaviors. This study examined associations between developmental assets and the risk-related restraint and resistance orientations involving sexual activity, alcohol, and illicit drugs among emerging adult college students. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design was employed with a sample …
Overwhelmed By Competing Priorities: Exploring Women’S Motivational Conflict Across The Menstrual Cycle, Arial S. Bloshinsky
Overwhelmed By Competing Priorities: Exploring Women’S Motivational Conflict Across The Menstrual Cycle, Arial S. Bloshinsky
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study examined whether the biological context of the menstrual cycle predicted overwhelming feelings due to competing bonding and achievement motivations (i.e., motivational conflict). Building on the motivational shift hypothesis, it was predicted that the luteal phase, characterized by elevated progesterone and heightened bonding motivation, would be associated with more overwhelming feelings from motivational conflict. To assess potential changes across the menstrual cycle, a within-person design was used where women reported their overwhelming feelings daily. Primary analyses did not support the hypothesis. Overwhelming feelings from motivational conflict did not differ across cycle phases. However, the expected mid-cycle peak in sexual …
Misusing Mariátegui: The Strategic Use Of José Carlos Mariátegui By Peru’S Sendero Luminoso, Shaylee Luedders
Misusing Mariátegui: The Strategic Use Of José Carlos Mariátegui By Peru’S Sendero Luminoso, Shaylee Luedders
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The Peruvian Communist Party - Sendero Luminoso (SL) was a violent communist guerrilla group that was active in Peru in the 1980s and early 1990s. SL’s guiding ideology was “Gonzalo Thought,” named for the Party’s leader, Abimael Guzmán, who was known to his followers as Presidente Gonzalo. Greatly inspired by Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, Gonzalo Thought also drew heavily from the work of José Carlos Mariátegui, an early 20th-century socialist Peruvian intellectual. One of Mariategui’s key ideas held that the Inca Empire was communist and that living Indigenous Peruvians retained this pre-modern “communist spirit.” For him, this meant that authentic Peruvian institutions and …
Navigating Mixedness As A Multiracial Teacher, Casey S. Kraichoke
Navigating Mixedness As A Multiracial Teacher, Casey S. Kraichoke
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study utilized Critical Multiracial Theory (MultiCrit) to construct a counternarrative that amplifies the voices of Multiracial teachers, focusing on the development of personal and teacher identity. Specifically, the study critically examines the trajectory of Multiethnic-Racial (ME-R) identity transformation following experiences teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in participants’ heritage Asian countries. Data were collected through one-time semi-structured virtual interviews with fifteen purposefully selected Asian-White Multiracial EFL teachers who had completed a one-year Fulbright English Teaching Assistantship (ETA) within the past decade. Each participant also provided a written artifact to support the analysis. Participants reflected on …
The Line In The Sand: Visual Narratives Of Religious Trauma And Leaving Evangelicalism, Elizabeth Humphrey
The Line In The Sand: Visual Narratives Of Religious Trauma And Leaving Evangelicalism, Elizabeth Humphrey
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Widespread abuse within religious institutions has challenged the assumption that religion inherently supports mental health, while rising rates of religious disaffiliation often cite trauma as a key factor. Individuals leaving harmful religious environments report a range of outcomes—from increased autonomy to emotional distress—yet research on post-disaffiliation experiences is limited. As the religious landscape of the U.S. shows decrease in religious affiliation, and stories of abuse and trauma circulate, the experience of leaving a religious community because of harm is a needed area for further inquiry. Using visual narrative inquiry, this qualitative research study explores the lived experiences of those who …
Study On The Effects Of Molecular Layer Deposition Coating And Mechanical Pressure On Lithium Metal Anodes, Cameron Mondl
Study On The Effects Of Molecular Layer Deposition Coating And Mechanical Pressure On Lithium Metal Anodes, Cameron Mondl
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Lithium (Li) metal is a highly promising anode material for next-generation energy storage systems due to its outstanding theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential. However, its commercialization implementation has been hindered due to interfacial instability and uncontrollable dendrite formation, leading to poor cycling efficiency and thermal runaway. Among the most promising stabilization strategies, protective interfacial coatings have emerged as an effective solution to promote more uniform Li deposition and suppress erratic morphological inconsistencies. In particular, molecular layer deposition (MLD) enables uniform film thickness through layer-by-layer deposits, offering a highly versatile approach to protective interfacial layers. In addition to interfacial engineering, …
Developmental Mathematics As A Potential Barrier To Degree Completion In Community Colleges, Cynthia Bernice Fletcher
Developmental Mathematics As A Potential Barrier To Degree Completion In Community Colleges, Cynthia Bernice Fletcher
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Developmental mathematics is often seen as a barrier to student progression in community colleges, especially for students pursuing Associate of Science degrees requiring math coursework. This quantitative, ex post facto, non-experimental study examined how developmental mathematics factors predicted Associate of Science degree completion at a two-year community college in the West South-Central United States. Specifically, it assessed how academic performance in developmental mathematics, placement method, math pathway, and number of developmental math courses related to Associate of Science degree completion, as well as differences across student subgroups. Archival institutional data were used for first-time-in-college students across four cohorts: 2018, 2019, …
Hitler's Foreign Legions: Non-German Recruitment And Formations In The Waffen Ss, Jacob O'Bannon
Hitler's Foreign Legions: Non-German Recruitment And Formations In The Waffen Ss, Jacob O'Bannon
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
During the Nazi regime, the armed bodyguard of the National Socialist Party the, the SS grew rapidly and eventually recruited foreign manpower. This thesis analyzes the rapid expansion of the SS as an armed military force and traces their forays into non-German states to recruit as the demands of World War II increased. The SS fielded thirty-eight divisions by the end of the war with hundreds of thousands of members not being from Germany. This rapid expansion, undertaken with soldiers from a variety of backgrounds, created a series of fractures between the ideological tenets of the SS and their practices. …
You Can Get Your Mail Sent There While You’Re Sleeping On The Street: A Community-Forward Analysis On The Role And Function Of The Northwest Arkansas Non-Profit Industry, Kaci Churchill
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Nonprofit services are frequently sought by community members experiencing material hardship, particularly at junctures where employment- and state-based compensation fail to provide sufficiently. While barriers to aid provision have been examined from the perspective of nonprofits, various accessibility issues for community members seeking to obtain support are an under evaluated factor that influence the efficacy of nonprofits in carrying forth their mission. This qualitative study seeks to understand commonly experienced barriers to support facing resource-seeking community members. Semi-structured interviews with Northwest Arkansas community members, a region highly saturated with well-funded nonprofit agencies, shed light on recurring obstacles, and provide theoretical …
Genre Prediction Using Rnns And Llm-Enhanced Video Game Review Data, Gabriel Young
Genre Prediction Using Rnns And Llm-Enhanced Video Game Review Data, Gabriel Young
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
LLMs (Large Language Models) are powerful tools for engaging with textual data, carrying many advantages over classical NLP (Natural Language Processing) and ML (Machine Learning) approaches. However, a classical ML model can still be faster, more efficient to run, and accessible than an LLM. We seek to gain the benefits of LLM text comprehension and preserve them in a classical ML model, a hybrid approach. The LLM operates on text to surface relevant information and associations in our problem space, then the ML model trains on the LLM output. The model may learn from the LLM and provide a more …
Integrating People And Technology: Exploring The Validation Of The King And Hughes Hrd, Technology Ethics, And Leadership Scale, Hannah King
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
People and technologies have coexisted within organizations for centuries. In the wave of the fourth and fifth industrial revolutions, however, organizations must place an emphasis on ethically integrating new technologies, like artificial intelligence, alongside people in order to sustain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. A review of the literature identified a need for more research examining ethics in the use of technology by HRD professionals. The purpose of this descriptive research study was to assess the relationship between HRD activities, ethics, and technology and examine the influence that an organization’s code of ethics has on their integration. This study …
A Survey Of The Collembola Of The Buffalo National River Park, Emma Renee Critchfield
A Survey Of The Collembola Of The Buffalo National River Park, Emma Renee Critchfield
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Collembola are a neglected and understudied class with few recent U.S surveys. The aim of this thesis was to survey the Buffalo National River for Collembola and create a catalogue of all known species in the state of Arkansas, USA. Leaf litter, mosses, rotting wood, fungi and malaise trap samples were taken from 13 locations within the Buffalo National River park. In total, 14 families, 34 genera and 59 species were identified from 22,028 collected specimens. Of those, 31 species represent new state records. This survey also validates malaise traps as useful tools for Collembola sampling. The malaise trap samples, …
Structural Relaxation In Glass-Forming Liquids At Extreme Pressure: Photon-Correlation Spectroscopy And Constrained Thermodynamic Surface Modeling, Kevin Wayne Lyon
Structural Relaxation In Glass-Forming Liquids At Extreme Pressure: Photon-Correlation Spectroscopy And Constrained Thermodynamic Surface Modeling, Kevin Wayne Lyon
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Structural relaxation in glass-forming liquids is strongly dependent on both temperature and pressure, yet direct measurement of structural α-relaxation under multi-gigapascal compression has remained experimentally challenging. This work extends depolarized photon correlation spectroscopy (DPCS) to pressures approaching 5 GPa in a diamond anvil cell, representing the highest-pressure implementation of this technique and enabling direct measurement of the structural α-relaxation in a pure liquid at extreme compression. This capability provides access to dynamical regimes previously unexplored by photon correlation spectroscopy and establishes a platform for probing glassy dynamics at high pressure. To describe these measurements, a constrained relaxation-time surface framework is …
An Efficient Implementation Of Gibbs-Duhem Integration For Solid-Liquid Phase Coexistence In Binary Lennard-Jones System With Relevance To Aav Capsid Separation, Muhi Muntaka
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Gene therapy using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) holds promise for treating genetic diseases, but high manufacturing costs limit its widespread use. A major challenge is separating functional (full) AAV capsids from non-functional (empty) ones, which are produced in similar amounts and have nearly identical structures. Conventional purification methods, such as density gradient ultracentrifugation and chromatography, face drawbacks like low yield, poor scalability, and high cost, often requiring multi-step processes. Recently, selective crystallization has emerged as a promising alternative, offering improved efficiency, scalability, and product quality. However, optimizing this method requires a deep understanding of thermodynamic phase behavior in multicomponent systems. In …
Unveiling Factors Influencing Extract Yield From Milled Rice In Brewing, Matthew Aitkens
Unveiling Factors Influencing Extract Yield From Milled Rice In Brewing, Matthew Aitkens
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) presents a locally sourced, climate-resistant starch source for the brewing industry. As barley faces increased uncertainty due to rising temperatures, Arkansas-grown rice offers a more stable and cost-effective alternative starch source. However, the use of milled adjunct rice by brewers has remained limited, largely due to knowledge gaps about cultivar-specific properties relative to brewing. Chapter 1 provides an overview of rice as a brewing adjunct, reviewing the physiochemical properties important to brewing success. These properties include kernel size, kernel breakage, amylose content, and gelatinization temperature. Mashing strategies for multiple different brewing layouts are overviewed, showing practical …