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Cellular Control Of Proteostasis, Cytoskeleton Organization, And Polarity Remodeling During Infection-Related Development By The Rice Blast Fungus, Audra Rogers
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the intricate processes underlying fungal infection-related development is crucial for combating plant pathogens. In this study, we investigate the coordination of morphogenetic transitions during plant infection by Magnaporthe oryzae, the blast fungus. We focus on three key aspects: protein quality control, cytoplasmic microtubule organization, and cell-end marker proteins. M. oryzae forms a specialized infection cell known as an appressorium. The proper formation of this cell is crucial for the pathogen to infect a susceptible host. First, we investigate protein quality control mechanisms during infection-related development. Our findings demonstrate that aggregated proteins are sequestered into quality control compartments within conidia …
Environmental And Agronomic Evaluation Of Struvite In Rice Production Systems, Diego Della Lunga
Environmental And Agronomic Evaluation Of Struvite In Rice Production Systems, Diego Della Lunga
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Furrow-irrigation constitutes an alternative water regime that has been increasingly adopted in Arkansas. Among the management of nutrients in furrow-irrigated systems, phosphorus (P) represents a substantial challenge. The environmental sustainability of rice (Oryza sativa) production systems needs to be evaluated across different water regimes and fertilizer-P sources. Therefore, the objectives of the following studies were to: i) evaluate season-long carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions and global warming potential (GWP) under different tillage treatments [i.e., conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT)] and at different site positions (i.e., up-, mid-, down-slope) along the predominant slope of a production-scale, furrow-irrigated rice …
Diffusive Gradients In Thin-Films Passive Samplers For Quantitation Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances In Water: Kinetic Modeling, Experimental Methods, And Outlook For Regulatory Monitoring, Samuel Hodges
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Environmental sampling is the backbone of regulatory compliance in public water systems. Coupled with continuously improving analytical capabilities, grab sampling has revealed the ubiquity of emerging contaminants in water resources such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPAs) Method 533 and 537.1 specify 0.25 L grab samples undergo a solid phase extraction (SPE) to enrich PFAS up to 250-fold in 1 mL of methanol prior to analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This process can achieve lowest concentration minimum reporting levels (LCMRLs) between 0.53–16 ng•L−1 for the twenty-nine prioritized PFAS in drinking waters. However, toxicity …
Developing Asphalt Mix Design Specifications Based On Apa And Ideal-Ct Testing, Jonathan Stonestreet
Developing Asphalt Mix Design Specifications Based On Apa And Ideal-Ct Testing, Jonathan Stonestreet
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Some asphalt mixes, following the Superpave mix design procedure, have been reported to be too stiff, making cracking a prevalent form of pavement distress. Additionally, cracking has been reported to be the main form of distress of asphalt pavements in the State of Arkansas. These facts have heightened state agencies’ interest in better performing asphalt pavements, with Arkansas resolving to explore performance-based balanced mix designs (BMD), not yet explored in the state. The primary objective of this document is to present the completed study of balanced mix designs, based on the rutting and cracking potential of asphalt pavement mixtures through …
Evaluation Of Water Hardness And Ph On Soybean And Cotton Insecticide Efficacy, Taylor Davis
Evaluation Of Water Hardness And Ph On Soybean And Cotton Insecticide Efficacy, Taylor Davis
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Insecticide efficacy often varies by location and year. Many factors can influence an insecticide’s efficacy, but an often-overlooked factor is the quality of water in a carrier solution. Water quality includes many parameters, but two important ones are water hardness and pH. Research has shown that water hardness and pH can affect some pesticides. Multiple experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of water hardness and pH on insecticide efficacy. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of water hardness and pH on the efficacy and residual control of chlorantraniliprole for the control of corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Leaf …
Silver Sintering Reliability And Its Enhancement For Use In High-Density Power Modules, Alicia Medina Garcia
Silver Sintering Reliability And Its Enhancement For Use In High-Density Power Modules, Alicia Medina Garcia
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This master's thesis is dedicated to enhancing the reliability of silver sinter die attachments, a pivotal component within the dynamic realm of power electronics. The study is meticulously organized into four distinct chapters, each contributing to a comprehensive understanding of silver sinter die attachment reliability and its implications for contemporary electronic packaging. In Chapter 1, an introduction is provided to the significance of silver sinter die attachment in the context of power electronics, underlining the imperatives associated with miniaturization, weight reduction, and heightened efficiency. The compelling need to investigate die attachment properties, particularly in high-temperature and high-power-density environments, is emphasized. …
Analyses Of Effect Indices Across Single-Case Research Designs In Counseling, Cian L. Brown
Analyses Of Effect Indices Across Single-Case Research Designs In Counseling, Cian L. Brown
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Single case research design (SCRD) is a common methodology used across clinical disciplines to determine treatments effectiveness by comparing treatment conditions to baseline conditions in individual cases, usually among researchers working with smaller samples. Although popular within behavioral disciplines such as special education and behavioral analysis, studies have begun to emerge in counseling. However, guidance and current understanding of the use of SCRD in counseling is limited. A content analysis of counseling journals from 2003 to 2014 yielded only 7 studies using SCRD. In 2015, the flagship counseling journal, Journal of Counseling and Development, published a special issue on the …
Advanced Jet Impingement Cooling For Power Electronics, Reece Whitt
Advanced Jet Impingement Cooling For Power Electronics, Reece Whitt
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Convective heat transfer by jet impingement cooling offers a suitable solution for high heat flux applications. Compared to techniques that rely on bulk conduction in series with convection, direct liquid impingement reduces the thermal resistance between power device hot spots and the coolant. Using additive manufacturing processes, location specific jets can be integrated into high voltage power electronics systems. Custom manifolds can be designed to reduce pressure drop, while simultaneously fine-tuning the thermal management efficiency. Although capable of highly efficient cooling, static impingement devices must be designed for the worst-case cooling requirements for a transient power profile, possibly resulting in …
Effects Of Seasonal Environment On Abundance, Behavior, Visual Signaling, And Perception In Prairie Butterflies, Grace Elizabeth Hirzel
Effects Of Seasonal Environment On Abundance, Behavior, Visual Signaling, And Perception In Prairie Butterflies, Grace Elizabeth Hirzel
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Phenotypic plasticity is a widespread mechanism that allows animals to respond quickly to seasonal changes in their environment. However, the depth and complexity of these plastic responses is still being discovered. One aspect of seasonal physiology that is relatively unstudied is changes to sensory physiology and how it may explain changes in behavior. To determine how changes in seasonal conditions affect behavior, coloration, and vision, I examined populations of wild butterflies in Northwest Arkansas. Focusing on a single species, the common buckeye Junonia coenia, I found that seasonal coloration covaries with thermoregulating behavior and is accompanied by changes in visual …
Amyloid Fibrils Of Human Fgf-1 Induced By Different Detergents, Zeina Ismael Ibrahem Alraawi
Amyloid Fibrils Of Human Fgf-1 Induced By Different Detergents, Zeina Ismael Ibrahem Alraawi
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Nature achieves molecular self-assembly through the ordered growth of nanoscale building blocks with high efficiency to fabricate macromolecular architectures. One example of self- assembly is peptides folding onto protein is one of the most astounding biological self-assembly processes. When proteins aggregate to form amyloid fibers, the secondary structure of the protein converts from its native state to a cross-beta-sheet. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) possess an essential role in neuronal survival during development. In addition, they are involved in neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are well known to be synthesized in the central nervous system (CNS) and …
Reliability Modeling And Improvement Of Critical Infrastructures: Theory, Simulation, And Computational Methods, José Carlos Hernández Azucena
Reliability Modeling And Improvement Of Critical Infrastructures: Theory, Simulation, And Computational Methods, José Carlos Hernández Azucena
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents a framework for developing data-driven tools to model and improve the performance of Interconnected Critical Infrastructures (ICIs) in multiple contexts. The importance of ICIs for daily human activities and the large volumes of data in continuous generation in modern industries grant relevance to research efforts in this direction. Chapter 2 focuses on the impact of disruptions in Multimodal Transportation Networks, which I explored from an application perspective. The outlined research directions propose exploring the combination of simulation for decision-making with data-driven optimization paradigms to create tools that may provide stakeholders with optimal policies for a wide array …
Adoption And Continued Use Of Irrigation Management Practices In Arkansas, Evelyn Osei
Adoption And Continued Use Of Irrigation Management Practices In Arkansas, Evelyn Osei
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The paper assesses row crop producers continued use of irrigation management practices, namely the decision to continue rather than stop the use of irrigation practices, using a probit with a sample selection model. To better explain and increase user acceptance, we must understand why producers adopt and continue using irrigation management practices. Past studies have researched the adoption of management practices. However, it is also essential to consider what factors influence continued use and why producers discontinue irrigation practices after adoption. This is the first study to investigate factors influencing the continued use of irrigation management practices in Arkansas. Producers …
Economic Analysis Of Sod-Seeded Summer Annuals For Forage And Grazing, Ivanelle Meyer
Economic Analysis Of Sod-Seeded Summer Annuals For Forage And Grazing, Ivanelle Meyer
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Forage and pasture trials were conducted over the summers of 2021 and 2022 to assess how forage production and nutritive value of sorghum sudangrass, cowpea, and sorghum sudangrass-cowpea mixtures, sod-seeded to bermudagrass pasture would impact stocker cattle performance. The forage trials compared forage production and quality when poultry litter was surface or sub-surface applied biennially in comparison to a no poultry litter control. Poultry litter is a nutrient dense fertilizer utilized on pastures in the mid-southern United States to increase forage nutritive value and yield. Broadcasting poultry litter results in more nutrient losses due to runoff and nitrogen volatilization compared …
Understanding The Kinetics Of Laser-Induced Nanowelding Of Nanoparticles And The Motility Of Bacteria When Faced With Obstacles, Ariel Rogers
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation has two focus areas: nanoparticle nanowelding and bacteria motility in the presence of micrometer sized structures. There are two main projects for the nanoparticle nanowelding studies: “Real-time imaging of laser-induced nanowelding in solution” and “Two-color laser-induced nanostructure shape modulation.” For the real-time imaging project, I used a fluorescence microscope, a 405 nm laser, and various python packages to quantify the average size of nanowelded nanostructures as a function of time and found that the average nanostructure growth over time fit the parameters of A¯(t) ∝ c0(1−e−t/τ), where c0 represents the initial concentration of nanoparticles in the solution and …
The Needs That Instagram Satisfies For People Seeking News & How This Displaces Time Spent With Traditional Media, Madeleine Dunn
The Needs That Instagram Satisfies For People Seeking News & How This Displaces Time Spent With Traditional Media, Madeleine Dunn
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This paper examines how the current climate of mainstream media is changing, and how this may affect journalistic norms and practices. There are many outlets for consumers to receive news, including traditional media, such as television news, newspapers, magazines, etc. There is also social media. The future of mainstream media outlets, like television stations, newspapers, magazines and radio stations, seems to depend on the growing use of social media sites for the use of getting news. This research will focus on Instagram as an alternative to traditional media, and why people prefer to use this outlet to get their news. …
Tree-Ring Reconstruction Of Ouachita River Streamflow, Keaton Cade Jenkins-Joyce
Tree-Ring Reconstruction Of Ouachita River Streamflow, Keaton Cade Jenkins-Joyce
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The Ouachita River drains the Ouachita Mountains and Upper Coastal Plain in Arkansas and Louisiana. The Ouachita River is used for navigation, power generation, recreation, water supply, and wastewater treatment. The river has been prone to low flows during drought and extreme flooding, which were principal justifications for the construction of three large multipurpose dams on the stream. It is likely that the use of the Ouachita River will be stressed by future population growth, economic expansion, and climate change. For this study, tree-ring chronologies from various locations in and near the Ouachita River drainage basin were used to reconstruct …
The Effects Of Diet, Size, And Phylogeny On Primate Dental Proportions, Rudolph J. Wilkins
The Effects Of Diet, Size, And Phylogeny On Primate Dental Proportions, Rudolph J. Wilkins
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
It is generally appreciated that there is a relationship between the relative size of the incisors, mandible length, and diet in primates. More specifically, the differences in relative incisor size among primate species are believed to be evolutionary adaptations to their use during food processing and acquisition. While this satisfactorily explains relatively large incisors, it fails to address the relatively small incisor size seen in many taxa. One hypothesis is that there is a trade-off between molar size and incisor size in species with relatively short mandibles. The following study uses two-way ANOVA to evaluate the possibility that spatial constraint …
Economic Analysis Of Solar Investment In An Agricultural Setting, Morgan King
Economic Analysis Of Solar Investment In An Agricultural Setting, Morgan King
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Robust financial modelling is critical for evaluating solar investments in agricultural applications. Agricultural producers with electricity-intensive systems (especially poultry houses but also, for example, irrigation pumps) face monthly electricity bills in the thousands of dollars. Further, volatile electricity bills, because of uncertain electric rate inflation, add to financial risk as utility costs make up a large portion of operating costs. While solar panels reduce input cost risk with certain installation cost up front, producers are hesitant to invest given long payback periods, uncertainty about the future of net metering, and high financial leverage. To enable producers to accurately assess the …
Management Zone Delineation For Variable-Rate Seeding In Production Soybeans, Ujjwal Sigdel
Management Zone Delineation For Variable-Rate Seeding In Production Soybeans, Ujjwal Sigdel
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Soybean seeding rate (SR) is selected according to planting date, maturity group, soil properties, and yield goal. Even though one SR is applied in most fields, site-specific adjustments with variable-rate seeding (VRS) technology can help optimize production. The project goal was to determine if VRS could be beneficial to soybean producers in Arkansas. The project objectives were to i) assess planter performance and soybean yield response to five seeding rate treatments, ii) characterize the drivers of yield variability, and iii) create a-posteriori prescription maps for VRS. Five SR treatments (185,000, 247,000, 309,000, 370,000 and 432,000 seeds ha-1) were applied using …
Examining The Effects Of Mental Health Barriers On Black Undergraduate Students Attending Predominantly White Institutions, Patrice N. Storey
Examining The Effects Of Mental Health Barriers On Black Undergraduate Students Attending Predominantly White Institutions, Patrice N. Storey
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Black college students are experiencing mental health issues at an alarming rate. There is, however, a reluctance among Black college students to seek assistance. There is a stigma surrounding mental health. An individual with a mental illness is often stereotyped as weak, uncontrollable, or paralyzed by demons. Historical incidents such as slavery, the Tuskegee Experiment, Jim Crow, and the forced sterilization of Black women have led the Black community to distrust the medical system. The stigma embedded in the Black community is passed down from generation to generation. This literature review examines existing research on Black students and their perception …
Assessment Of Needs And Priorities For Precision Agriculture And Soil Testing In Arkansas, Solomon Frimpong
Assessment Of Needs And Priorities For Precision Agriculture And Soil Testing In Arkansas, Solomon Frimpong
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Optimum crop production is needed to meet the growing population's food, water, fiber, and energy needs. However, agricultural productivity is hampered by many destabilizing factors such as pest management challenges, declining water quantity, and climate change which threaten long-term food security. Maximizing productivity will require optimizing resources through Precision Agriculture (PA) by supplying inputs based on crop needs. Precision Agriculture offers tools that can be used to optimize crop management practices globally. However, stakeholders’ perceptions and the lack of data-driven site-specific recommendations limit stakeholders’ ability to fully harness the potential benefits of PA. Identification of stakeholder needs and approaches to …
A Cross-Sectional Study On The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Sport-Related Concussion Clinical Presentation Within Adolescents And Adults, Emily Mcindoe
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic spanned across the globe in March 2020 and has since significantly impacted human life. There is evidence that supports symptom exacerbation and an increase in anxiety and depression in clinical presentation post-COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-COVID-19 for multiple medical diagnoses. These medical diagnoses include migraines, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and mild cognitive impairment. The effect that the pandemic had on the clinical presentation of sports-related concussions is understudied. It is possible that the COVID-19 pandemic has altered the clinical presentation of concussions as seen in other medical diagnoses. Given the increased reporting of …
Quantification Of Dye Degradation On Titanium Dioxide-Based Membranes, Elizabeth Carol Wood
Quantification Of Dye Degradation On Titanium Dioxide-Based Membranes, Elizabeth Carol Wood
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the dye degradation on the titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based membranes. While many studies have shown photocatalytic degradation of dye on TiO2 in solution, few studies have been reported on the solid TiO2 substrate. In this work, a new method is developed to quantify the dye degradation on TiO2-based membranes. A hydrothermal method is used to synthesize the photocatalytic TiO2 nanofibers; vacuum filtration is applied to fabricate a self-assembled membrane. Silver is incorporated into the nanofibers through in situ reduction before vacuum filtration to fabricate Ag/TiO2 membrane in an attempt to red shift the …
Geochemistry Of Metal-Rich Black Shales And Their Genetic Relationship To Mississippi Valley-Type Pb-Zn Ore Deposits, Midcontinent U.S., Noah S. Morris
Geochemistry Of Metal-Rich Black Shales And Their Genetic Relationship To Mississippi Valley-Type Pb-Zn Ore Deposits, Midcontinent U.S., Noah S. Morris
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The formation of Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) lead-zinc (Pb-Zn) ores is complex, involving an interaction of tectonic compression, hydrothermal fluid migration, and geochemical processes within the subsurface. Fundamental questions regarding this interaction remain unclear, including the source(s) of the Pb and Zn ions that make up the ores. A genetic link between black shales and MVT ores has been thought to exist because of (1) the presence of mature hydrocarbon and brine fluid inclusions within many MVT ores, (2) the association of the hydrothermal fluids that are linked to MVT ore formation with organic compounds and oil-like droplets, and (3) the …
Characterization Of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Variant To Determine Effects On Structure, Stability, And Cell Proliferation, Ryan Layes
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a family of cell signaling proteins conserved across multiple species. Each individual FGF elicits different cellular functions including, but not limited to, proliferation, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis, and wound healing. One of the most studied members, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), has demonstrated substantial wound healing capacity in a wide range of tissues including skeletal, muscular, neural, respiratory, epithelial, and cardiovascular. This ability makes FGF2 a potential therapeutic for a wide range of conditions and injuries. However, due to a short half-life at room temperature, therapeutic use of FGF2 is limited. It has been demonstrated that …
Social Media And Mental Health: The Public Health Impact And Future Policy Directives, Renae A. Merrill
Social Media And Mental Health: The Public Health Impact And Future Policy Directives, Renae A. Merrill
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The relationship between social media use among young people and the increasing concerns of mental health problems in the U.S. and globally is on systemic agendas. Furthermore, research on social media use and mental health indicate reasons to suspect a causal relationship, but more work needs to be done. Therefore, this three-article dissertation seeks to explore (1) associations between social media use, personality, and depression; (2) associations between social media emotional support, anxiety, and personality; and (3) the relationship between social media use and mental health using Deborah Stone’s causal stories framework. Findings from this study provide an improved understanding …
From The Arab World To The United States Of America: The Wellness Of Arab Graduate Women Studying In The U.S., Mariam Mostafa
From The Arab World To The United States Of America: The Wellness Of Arab Graduate Women Studying In The U.S., Mariam Mostafa
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The pursuit of higher education symbolizes a profound and transformative journey, particularly for international students who embark on the path of studying abroad. This dissertation undertakes an in-depth exploration of the well-being of Arab women pursuing their graduate studies in the United States (US), emphasizing four crucial dimensions of wellness: social, mental/emotional, physical, and financial well-being. Employing a qualitative research methodology, this study delves into the multifaceted experiences of this specific student population and investigates how these experiences impact them. Through a series of interviews and rigorous qualitative analysis, we illuminate the distinct challenges and opportunities that Arab graduate students …
In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activity, Oocyst Sporulation Rate, Oocyst Integrity And Oocyst Infectivity In Eimeria Maxima M6 Oocyst Suspensions Treated With Chlorhexidine Salts In Comparison With Potassium Dichromate, Lauren Laverty
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Eimeria species oocysts cause coccidiosis, one of the costliest diseases in the poultry industry. Coccidiosis infections cause significant economic losses due to reduced performance in chickens and turkeys. The objective of this thesis was to determine fecal bacterial recovery from chlorhexidine (CHX) salt suspensions containing Eimeria maxima M6 oocysts and evaluate the effect of CHX salts on oocysts during long-term cold storage. For bacterial recovery experiments, CHX digluconate and CHX gluconate were tested at different concentrations on poultry fecal slurries during oocyst shedding. Eimeria maxima M6 oocysts were evaluated in CHX salt suspensions to test the effect on oocyst degradation …
Understanding Multi-Platforming Behavior, Jennifer Large
Understanding Multi-Platforming Behavior, Jennifer Large
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The focus of this research is to develop a comprehensive understanding of multi-platforming behavior (MPB), which refers to the use of multiple platforms within the same class. While MPB is defined here, the exact nature of this behavior remains a central question addressed in this research. The increasing prevalence of consumers using multiple platforms (ComScore, 2017) necessitates a deeper understanding of usage complexity (Burton-jones et al., 2017) and the value that platforms hold for consumers (McIntyre & Srinivasan, 2017). Consumers evaluate the portfolio of platforms they use when making usage decisions. Examining comparative usage between platforms has implications for both …
Maximum Depositional Age Analysis Using Paired La-Icp-Ms And Ca-Id-Tims Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology, Benjamin L. Howard
Maximum Depositional Age Analysis Using Paired La-Icp-Ms And Ca-Id-Tims Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology, Benjamin L. Howard
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The “law of detrital zircons” states that a sedimentary unit cannot be older than its youngest detrital zircon. The youngest U-Pb date(s) from detrital zircon may thus be used to infer a given sedimentary deposit’s maximum depositional age (MDA). MDAs may be calculated in various ways using dates from zircon U-Pb geochronology. Common dating methods used for U-Pb geochronology are laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and chemical abrasion-isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS), a low- and high-resolution instrument type, respectively. Chapter 2 will systematically compare paired LA-ICP-MS and CA-ID-TIMS dates from the same zircon grains to assess the agreement …