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Sparse Neural Network To Enhance Performance Under Limited Parameter Constraints., Nailah Rawnaq
Sparse Neural Network To Enhance Performance Under Limited Parameter Constraints., Nailah Rawnaq
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Over the past decade, the widespread adoption of deep neural networks has been a breakthrough driven by significant computational advancements. Additionally, the number of parameters of those models is exponentially increasing for performing complex tasks and achieving better performance. However, in most practical cases, often there are constraints in the number of parameters due to limited resources in storage size and computational cost. Network pruning can lead to an optimal solution to this problem. In this thesis, I present supporting evidence to the hypothesis that higher sparsity leads to better performance for a convolution-based neural network. I perform performance studies …
Cobblestone Farms, Fayetteville: A Study Of A Non-Profit Teaching Farm’S Volunteer Management Programs, Ariel Scholten
Cobblestone Farms, Fayetteville: A Study Of A Non-Profit Teaching Farm’S Volunteer Management Programs, Ariel Scholten
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Non-profit teaching farms (NPTFs) represent a unique intersection of mission-driven non-profits, agricultural education, and sustainable food production. Despite their growing presence, research on NPTFs, particularly regarding volunteer management, remains limited. This thesis examines volunteer management practices at Cobblestone Farms (CF), a prominent NPTF in Northwest Arkansas, focusing on its strategies to engage and retain volunteers. Through qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews with staff and volunteers, the study identifies, describes, and evaluates key components of CF's volunteer management program. Major findings reveal that CF leverages digital media, online platforms like Give Pulse, and strategic partnerships to recruit and maintain volunteers. The …
The Effects Of Grading Equity Practices On Students: Do Student Perceptions Of And Teachers’ Exposure To Grading Equity Practices Matter?, Sarah Ruth Morris
The Effects Of Grading Equity Practices On Students: Do Student Perceptions Of And Teachers’ Exposure To Grading Equity Practices Matter?, Sarah Ruth Morris
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation critically examines grading practices within schools, tracing the evolution from traditional to modern approaches and highlighting the social dimensions and debates surrounding grading. Through a mixed-methods study spanning three empirical chapters, it explores students' and teachers' perceptions of grading practices, the impact of professional development (PD) on teachers' approaches to grading equity, and the resultant effects on student outcomes. Chapter Two reveals students' preferences for practices that recognize effort and support academic growth, alongside a tension between Pre-AP students' resistance and the support from students under high stress. Chapter Three finds that while PD can shift teachers' views …
The Impact Of Reactive Oxygen Species On Bactericidal Activity And Drug Resistance In Salmonella Typhimurium Upon Chlorine And Eugenol Exposure, Mohammed Aljuwayd
The Impact Of Reactive Oxygen Species On Bactericidal Activity And Drug Resistance In Salmonella Typhimurium Upon Chlorine And Eugenol Exposure, Mohammed Aljuwayd
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T) is a foodborne pathogenic bacterium which causes salmonellosis in human beings. Chicken is the most common source of S.T contamination. In chapter I, I discuss the growth of the poultry industry, the role chickens play as Salmonella reservoirs, the spread of drug-resistant strains caused by chicken husbandry and antibiotic use, and how eugenol can be used in poultry feed to decrease Salmonella infections and improve intestinal health. In chapter Ⅱ, I summarize the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bactericidal activity. In chapter Ⅲ, I describe the killing mechanism of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and identify the …
A Grounded Theory Study Of White Educators' Conceptualizations And Negotiations Of Culturally Centered Practices In Colleges Of Agriculture And Related Sciences, Isabel M. Whitehead-Adams
A Grounded Theory Study Of White Educators' Conceptualizations And Negotiations Of Culturally Centered Practices In Colleges Of Agriculture And Related Sciences, Isabel M. Whitehead-Adams
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The racial and ethnic demographics of higher education are becoming increasingly diverse; however, faculty demographics remain predominantly White. With agriculture being one of the largest economic sectors, often with many roles to fill, recruiting and retaining racially and ethnically diverse students into agricultural and related science post-secondary programs, hereby referred to as agricultural programs, is crucial to drawing talent into the agricultural workforce. However, racial and ethnic demographics among students in post-secondary agricultural programs also remain predominantly White. Established pedagogical approaches for supporting culturally diverse have been established, such as Culturally Responsive Teaching. There is little to no research exploring …
Mental Health Calls For Service During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Examining The Geographic Distribution And Correlates Of Service Requests In Little Rock, Arkansas, Mckayla Bishop
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In response to the Covid-19 global crisis, the United States implemented social interaction restrictions to curb the infection rate amongst citizens, affecting residents' mental health by adding strain from daily routine change. This study examines how mental health has changed during the pandemic by focusing on geospatial differences of volume and concentration within 311 calls in Little Rock, Arkansas in 2018 and 2020. Our data comes from the City of Little Rock’s open database to construct geospatial maps (n= 155 block groups), along with Census survey data logistic regression models to show differences in community characteristics. Overall, mental health worsened …
Student Perceptions And Academic Performance When Taught With Multiple Active Learning Methods In A High Enrollment Undergraduate Human Physiology Course, Kate Ireton Walker
Student Perceptions And Academic Performance When Taught With Multiple Active Learning Methods In A High Enrollment Undergraduate Human Physiology Course, Kate Ireton Walker
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
When instructing very large groups of students in science, it can be difficult to engage all students in the content and measure their understanding. A major unaddressed challenge in science instruction is how specifically to design and implement strategies that engender active learning particularly in high-enrollment undergraduate courses. Active learning, which represents a diverse set of strategies, may include student engagement as part of instruction through discussions, active movement, and application (Bernstein, 2018; Cavanagh, et al. 2016; Michael, 2006 & Wilke, 2003). This study was designed to provide data addressing the gap in the literature regarding how the continual implementation …
Students' And Teachers' Perceptions Of Play On Students' Classroom Behavior, Melissa Bradt
Students' And Teachers' Perceptions Of Play On Students' Classroom Behavior, Melissa Bradt
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Play is an integral part of human nature. Research has demonstrated that play supports physical, socio-emotional, and cognitive development in children and even adults. However, according to the American Association for the Child’s Right to Play (2024), 40% of school districts in the U.S. have eliminated or reduced recess in order to promote academic excellence as measured by standardized tests. How does the reduction in play time influence students’ classroom behavior? An examination of this question has tremendous theoretical and societal impact as it informs the influence of the environment on human development. This fundamental question in human development has …
High-Power Power Conditioning Systems For Medium-Voltage Applications, Ahmed Rahouma Fares Rahouma
High-Power Power Conditioning Systems For Medium-Voltage Applications, Ahmed Rahouma Fares Rahouma
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this dissertation is to address the background, theoretical analyses, design methodologies, and evaluation techniques relevant to high-power power conditioning systems (PCSs) tailored for medium-voltage (MV) applications. Conventional PCSs, reliant on line-frequency transformers (LFTs), suffer from many problems including low power densities, inflexible designs, and scalability constraints. Employing multilevel converters (MLCs), particularly cascaded H-bridge topology, eliminates the need for these LFTs. A key focus lies in minimizing the number of cascaded building blocks by harnessing MV power switching modules. The dissertation makes two primary contributions: firstly, it offers a design methodology for MV-PCS, facilitating the selection of the …
The Riddle Of Religious Language, Luke Hillman
The Riddle Of Religious Language, Luke Hillman
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The following project analyzes religious life through the lens of religious language. Motivated by ideas of Wittgenstein and Wittgensteinians, religious language is shown to be nonsensical, and yet significant. Wittgenstein connects how we understand language with how we understand life, and this connection extends to religious life. This project offers an answer to how religious language is unique by comparing religious language to riddles and the process of answering riddles. In addition, religious language becomes understandable with imagination, a relationship with the transcendent, and an understanding of the kinds of language present in religious discourse. These ideas are solidified with …
Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer To Drive Biomass Conversion, Cody Canote
Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer To Drive Biomass Conversion, Cody Canote
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Meeting rising demands for commodity chemicals while simultaneously easing reliance on fossil fuels presents one of the most substantial challenges for chemistry to date. Biomass has emerged as a sustainable precursor to commodity chemicals but requires substantial deoxygenation to displace petrochemicals. Development of efficient catalysts to achieve these transformations remains one of the central goals of inorganic and organometallic chemistry. Electrochemical strategies to propel biomass conversion are attractive, providing the driving force for reactivity and insights into catalyst mechanism. This work focuses on proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) to facilitate redox catalysis in biomass up conversion and homolytic bond cleavage in …
Modeling, Optimization, And Characterization For Choke Horn Antennas, Ibrahim Nasser I Alquaydheb
Modeling, Optimization, And Characterization For Choke Horn Antennas, Ibrahim Nasser I Alquaydheb
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents a comprehensive study focusing on the modeling, optimization, and characterization of choke horn antennas (CHAs). An analytical model designed to capture the parameters of CHA and derive the total radiated fields from the choke and waveguide elements is primarily focused on in this work. Compared to the use of simulation software, such as ANSYS HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) or CST Studio, which employs numerical methods to simulate and calculate antenna performance, numerous advantages are offered by the analytical model. Analytical models provide deeper insight into electromagnetic interactions and the principles governing antenna behavior, leading to a …
The Impact Of Algorithmic Control And Algorithmic Management In Online Labor Platforms, Yaping Zhu
The Impact Of Algorithmic Control And Algorithmic Management In Online Labor Platforms, Yaping Zhu
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Online labor platforms (OLPs) are transforming the way organizations operate and how people work. Platform work has been characterized as promoting autonomy and flexibility. Workers interact with a platform rather than human managers to accomplish tasks and they have the freedom to decide when, where, and how much to work. Yet, platform workers increasingly bemoan working conditions, revealing that the expected autonomy and flexibility benefits of platform work have not materialized. Current IS research sheds light on this phenomenon by explaining that platform organizations use algorithms to manage and control workers (i.e., algorithmic control). Yet, our understanding of how algorithmic …
A Mixed Methods Study Exploring The Impact Of Embedded Trauma-Informed Practices On Academic-Related Behaviors Of Students Who Have Experienced Trauma And The Relationship Between Trauma-Informed Practices And Student Benchmark Growth Data, Sarah Isaac
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This mixed methods study examined the relationship between school-based embedded trauma-informed practices and academic-related outcomes for students. While there is minimal empirical evidence supporting the impact of trauma-informed practices on the academic success of students who have experienced trauma, there is some qualitative, quantitative, and anecdotal data supporting outcomes stemming from trauma-informed practices in the research. The research questions guiding this study were (1) What impact does the implementation of embedded trauma-informed practices have on the academic-related behaviors of students who have experienced trauma? and (2) What is the relationship between benchmark growth scores for students with an ACE score …
Integrated Public Archeology: Innovative Three-Dimensional Modeling And Digital Storytelling Techniques For Historic Preservation And Outreach, Bryce James Drachenberg
Integrated Public Archeology: Innovative Three-Dimensional Modeling And Digital Storytelling Techniques For Historic Preservation And Outreach, Bryce James Drachenberg
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the integration of digital methodologies in public archeology to enhance public engagement and historic preservation. Focusing on digital storytelling and three-dimensional modeling, the research demonstrates how tools like photogrammetry and ArcGIS StoryMaps can democratize archeological knowledge and involve wider audiences. A case study of Cane Hill, Arkansas, showcases the practical application of these techniques. The study highlights the creation of three-dimensional models and their integration into interactive StoryMaps, discussing the benefits, challenges, and future directions of digital public archeology.
News Media Coverage And Framing Of Human Trafficking In The United States, Chloe Junkerman
News Media Coverage And Framing Of Human Trafficking In The United States, Chloe Junkerman
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study examines what makes mainstream news media representations of human trafficking cases newsworthy, and how news media choose to frame sensationalized human trafficking stories. While there have been several notable studies examining news media framing of human trafficking as a social issue more generally, prior research has yet to empirically investigate how the news media cover specific human trafficking cases, thus overlooking what types of attributes make cases newsworthy. This is an important gap in research as the types of cases that get covered, or ignored, by news media, and how stories frame various aspects of these crimes, informs …
To Be Framed: Investigating The Influence Of American Media Frames On Gun Control, William C. Chamblee
To Be Framed: Investigating The Influence Of American Media Frames On Gun Control, William C. Chamblee
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Gun control may be one of the most polarizing political issues facing America today. While there are many factors that contribute to gun control controversy, one may be how it is framed by news organizations. Research suggests that the emergence of partisan news media, differing levels of issue salience, and the public’s increased willingness to selectively expose could widen the gap between both Republicans and Democrats through their opinions on the issue of gun control, causing polarization. Using a survey, this study found that both Republicans and Democrats are likely to selectively expose to partisan media outlets and that a …
Evaluation Of A Diflufenican:Metribuzin:Flufenacet Premixture For Soybean Tolerance And Weed Control, Matthew Coleman Woolard
Evaluation Of A Diflufenican:Metribuzin:Flufenacet Premixture For Soybean Tolerance And Weed Control, Matthew Coleman Woolard
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Palmer amaranth [Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats.] and waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer] ranks among the most troublesome weeds of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], having evolved resistance to multiple herbicide sites of action. Bayer CropScience has announced its intentions to launch Convintro™ brand herbicides, one being a three-way premixture for use preplant until 3 d after planting in soybean. The premixture will include diflufenican (WSSA Group 12), metribuzin (WSSA Group 5), and flufenacet (WSSA Group 15) (DFF-containing premixture), adding a new site of action for use in soybean throughout the United States. In 2022 and 2023, field trials were conducted …
Cultural Theory And Climate Change Risk Perceptions: Factors That Affect Support For Climate Change Mitigation Policy In Arkansas, Benjamin Galloway
Cultural Theory And Climate Change Risk Perceptions: Factors That Affect Support For Climate Change Mitigation Policy In Arkansas, Benjamin Galloway
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation explores the intricate interplay between climate change perceptions, policy preferences, and the role of Cultural Theory in shaping public opinion. It begins by acknowledging the multifaceted impact of the climate crisis and emphasizing the critical importance of policy responses to mitigate its effects. Recognizing the diverse perspectives within the general public, the dissertation adopts a nuanced approach, leveraging Cultural Theory to investigate climate change risk perceptions and policy preferences. First, I examine disparities in fracking policy preferences between the general public and policy elites, employing Narrative Policy Framework-style narrative treatments. It reveals divergent responses to narrative elements, signaling …
Consumer Willingness To Pay For Food Products Displaying A Black-Owned Production Label, Logan Gage Moss
Consumer Willingness To Pay For Food Products Displaying A Black-Owned Production Label, Logan Gage Moss
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Black and African Americans have faced historic underrepresentation in the agri-food system (Horst & Marion, 2019). Systemic inequities have hindered food entrepreneurs and economic growth within this community. Recent diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives highlight societal concerns about these imbalances (Darity, 2024). Some consumers aim to address this underrepresentation by purchasing products from Black entrepreneurs, but this requires effective communication, which can increase marketing expenses and risks for producers. However, highlighting Black-owned food products may enhance outcomes for this marginalized community. Credence attributes like Black ownership cannot be evaluated even after consumption, unlike traits such as taste and quality. …
Diversity Equity And Inclusion Education: An Evaluation Of The Safe Zone Allies Program, Shannon E. Hart
Diversity Equity And Inclusion Education: An Evaluation Of The Safe Zone Allies Program, Shannon E. Hart
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion gained unprecedented popularity from 2019 to 2022. The tide turned in 2023, and Anti-DEI legislation continues to gain momentum nationwide. This backlash may be warranted, as research demonstrates that DEI can backfire. DEI programs remain unregulated, understudied, and often paradoxically under-supported despite their potential to catalyze positive social change. Two studies were conducted to begin creating standardized, accessible, and evidence-based DEI best practices. Safe Zone Allies, a LGBTQIA+ specific DEI program was selected for program review because; (a) it was not developed hastily, (b) it was not siloed, and (c) the curriculum is evidence-based. The first …
Beyond Single Connections: An Exploration Of How Overlapping Networks Drive Policy Change Among State Legislators, Melanie B. Hoskins
Beyond Single Connections: An Exploration Of How Overlapping Networks Drive Policy Change Among State Legislators, Melanie B. Hoskins
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Current research on policy diffusion and innovation primarily focuses on the policy idea as the unit of analysis. While diffusion studies incorporating social network theory often examine networks at the collective entity-level, they tend to neglect the actions of individual members. This study investigates how state legislators' exposure to novel policy ideas through their multiplex network ties influences their sponsorship of related bills and how legislators’ collaboration and coordination within these networks may significantly impact public policy outcomes. This three-article dissertation addresses three key areas by: 1) examining Arkansas legislators' participation within the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) network; 2) …
Strategies For Misinformation Correction: Evidence For The Power Of Negation, Angel Houts
Strategies For Misinformation Correction: Evidence For The Power Of Negation, Angel Houts
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The current study investigated the effectiveness of different correction strategies for misinformation using a 2 (Source: no source, credible source) x 2 (Structure: negation, affirmation) within-subjects design with an additional control condition that had no corrections. Participants read 40 Twitter-like statements, which included 25 pieces of misinformation and 15 truthful statements, and rated their emotional responses on a Likert scale. After completing a distractor task, participants read additional Twitter-like statements across five different conditions. The first four conditions aimed to correct misinformation: negation with a credible source, negation without source, affirmation with a credible source, affirmation without source. The fifth …
Atypical Responses To Sensory Stimuli Or Eating Environments In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Lydia Rockers
Atypical Responses To Sensory Stimuli Or Eating Environments In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Lydia Rockers
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often encounter challenges in processing sensory inputs. Children with ASD may experience feeding difficulties and over- or under- stimulation during food-related activities such as eating or shopping. These have impacts on the health and well-being of individuals with ASD in childhood and throughout their lives. Further research is needed to address the impact of ambient sound levels in a retail or restaurant setting. The main objective of this thesis was to address these gaps by identifying responses to various environmental and food related stimuli. The findings of this research addressed differences in responses between …
The Impact Of Ectopic Expression Of A Plant Elicitor Peptide In Bacillus Subtilis On Nematode Resistance In Soybean Through Seed Treatment, Abeer Alnasrawi
The Impact Of Ectopic Expression Of A Plant Elicitor Peptide In Bacillus Subtilis On Nematode Resistance In Soybean Through Seed Treatment, Abeer Alnasrawi
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Soybean (Glycine max) is the most beneficial legume crop because it is a source of protein as well as oil for humans and livestock. Soybean is the second most planted crop in the United States following corn and it is also the fourth planted crop worldwide. However, the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines, SCN) is the most damaging pest of soybean in the United States, accounting for more than twice as much yield loss as the following cause of yield loss in soybean. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop alternative management strategies to control SCN infection in soybeans. …
Determinants And Consequences Of Engaging With Multiple Auditors In The Mutual Fund Industry, Chelsea Mae Anderson
Determinants And Consequences Of Engaging With Multiple Auditors In The Mutual Fund Industry, Chelsea Mae Anderson
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Mutual funds are an important industry and component of capital markets, with $34 trillion in assets under management that hold 32 percent of exchange-traded common equities. In this industry, there are often multiple auditors serving the same client concurrently, which could impact auditor behavior. I examine the determinants of engaging with multiple auditors, finding that it is driven by fund complex size, recent merger activity, and having multiple locations. I also examine the consequences of this dynamic, finding that funds in multiple auditor complexes pay lower audit fees and have higher audit quality, as proxied by audit adjustments. I find …
Leveraging Machine Learning And Stochastic Programming To Address Vaccine Hesitancy In Public Health Resource Allocation, Hieu Trung Bui
Leveraging Machine Learning And Stochastic Programming To Address Vaccine Hesitancy In Public Health Resource Allocation, Hieu Trung Bui
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Infectious disease outbreaks highlight the urgent need for effective strategies to distribute vaccines and allocate critical healthcare resources to contain the disease and reduce its negative impacts on the population. Managing these allocations is a significant challenge, especially in marginalized communities facing uncertainty in healthcare demand and logistical constraints. This dissertation addresses these challenges by investigating factors that influence dynamic changes in vaccine hesitancy (VH) and its implications for disease spread and healthcare resource demand. It develops optimization models for vaccine distribution and resource allocation under uncertainty, validated with data from the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. The first study …
Winter Texans: A Study Of Community And Belonging In An Overlooked Border Identity In The Lower Rio Grande Valley, Belinda D. Smith
Winter Texans: A Study Of Community And Belonging In An Overlooked Border Identity In The Lower Rio Grande Valley, Belinda D. Smith
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study centers around a population of retired Anglos who migrate to South Texas border towns in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (locally known as The Valley) from October through March each year. Many travel in recreational vehicles (RVs) and hail from the United States and Canada to set up home in one of The Valley’s RV parks. They are called Winter Texans by themselves and locals. Scholarly research focused on Winter Texans explores how they are motivated to move because of lower costs of living (Murray 2020), how they travel for medical reasons, and their use of Mexican health …
Micro-Mechanical Characterization Of Uhpc Stiffness Mechanisms: Towards A Better Understanding Of Concrete Elastic Modulus, Charissa N. Puttbach
Micro-Mechanical Characterization Of Uhpc Stiffness Mechanisms: Towards A Better Understanding Of Concrete Elastic Modulus, Charissa N. Puttbach
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Current design code equations for estimating the elastic modulus of specialty concretes like ultra-high performance concrete are not all suitable. Developing empirical curves from exhaustive experimental testing is challenging for concretes that may have high levels of cement replacement with mineral admixtures and fibers at varying volume contents. As such, an alternative approach is taken that seeks to understand the constituent microscale stiffness mechanisms and relate the results to the macroscale. Micropillars are fabricated on several cement paste phases using a focused ion beam. A modified pico-indenter is used to determine the linear and non-linear behavior under micro-compression loading. Micropillar …
Memories Of Gimjang_김장: And Performance As The Practice Of Freedom, Chung Park
Memories Of Gimjang_김장: And Performance As The Practice Of Freedom, Chung Park
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Memories of Gimjang_김장: and Performance as the Practice of Freedom reflects my response to a feeling of isolation as a Korean American MFA graduate student living in Northwest Arkansas for the last three years. This experience led me to an endless search for identity and place, compelling me to reach into my past and cultural history in relation to the present. To satiate a sense of home in this world, I turned to an artistic intervention to translate the indecipherable, which brought to life my thesis performance, Gimjang_김장:. Gimjang_김장: allowed me to reveal multitudes of experiences and imagined a possibility …