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Religiosity And Spirituality In Spousal Caregivers Of Older Adults With Dementia: Testing Anxiety Moderator And Mediator Models., Andrea K. Shreve-Neiger Jan 2004

Religiosity And Spirituality In Spousal Caregivers Of Older Adults With Dementia: Testing Anxiety Moderator And Mediator Models., Andrea K. Shreve-Neiger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Intensive and extensive caregiving of older adults disabled by dementia is frequently provided by the older adult's spouse. Caregiving for a spouse with dementia has been related to a number of poor physical and mental health outcomes for the primary caregiver. Anxiety is one outcome that is endorsed frequently by the caregiver, yet remains minimally studied in relation to caregiving. In addition, no study has identified factors that potentially moderate the relation between caregiving stressors and anxiety in older adults. This study explored the relations among caregiving stressors, burden, religiosity, spirituality, and anxiety in older adult caregivers. Several models were …

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The Politics Of Space And Scale In The Brazilian Favela: A Case Study Of Sao Pedro., Eric K. Spears Jan 2004

The Politics Of Space And Scale In The Brazilian Favela: A Case Study Of Sao Pedro., Eric K. Spears

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The politics of local economic development in the Brazilian favela (urban slums) are contentious. This dissertation examines the politics of economic development in the urban slum of Sao Pedro, which is located in the city of Vitoria, Brazil. Space and scale are central to understanding the politics of economic development in this favela, and this research will make use of both concepts to shed light on this local struggle. The dissertation will examine the struggle over local economic development in Sao Pedro through an analysis of the residents' spatial practices. This dissertation will examine the role that scale plays in …

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The Integration Of Spatial Analysis Techniques And Decision Support Systems For Natural Resource Management., Michael P. Strager Jan 2004

The Integration Of Spatial Analysis Techniques And Decision Support Systems For Natural Resource Management., Michael P. Strager

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The management of natural resources is a complex undertaking involving many issues, data, people and processes. Rarely is just one tool or model effective in management work. Integrated approaches provide more flexibility to address problems. This dissertation focused on the integration of geographic or locational information, spatial and statistical analysis techniques, and decision making tools to aid in resource management. Three papers are presented that address problems related to watershed and stream management at a statewide level, analysis of preferences for conserving lands for preservation, and implementation of conservation priorities to the parcel level. The first paper focuses on the …

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The Role Of Joint Control In The Manded Selection Responses Of Non-Vocal Children With Autism., Joyce C. Tu Jan 2004

The Role Of Joint Control In The Manded Selection Responses Of Non-Vocal Children With Autism., Joyce C. Tu

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In the present study, joint control training was applied when teaching selection responses to four non-vocal children with autism. This study is a systematic replication of Tu (2001). The children were two males (ages six and seven), and two females (ages twelve and thirteen). The result showed that it was only after the joint tact/self-mimetic/sequelic control training that the symmetrical performance of manded selection responses appeared with no additional training.

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The Impact Of Instructor Credibility And Employment Of Relevance Strategies On College Students., Aaron D. Johnson Jan 2004

The Impact Of Instructor Credibility And Employment Of Relevance Strategies On College Students., Aaron D. Johnson

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This research investigated the impact of an instructor's credibility and employment of relevance strategies on a student's perception of content relevance, interest, state motivation, affective learning, and cognitive learning. The results of this study indicated a moderately strong positive main effect for an instructor's credibility on all of the outcome variables, and weak positive interaction effects were observed between instructor credibility and employment of relevance strategies on relevance and the meaningfulness dimension of empowerment. A significant main effect for an instructor's employment of relevance strategies was not found. The results of this study indicated the importance of an instructor's credibility, …

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Establishing Diagnostic Applicability And Validation Of The Pictogram Test., Luba Leontieva Jan 2004

Establishing Diagnostic Applicability And Validation Of The Pictogram Test., Luba Leontieva

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Pictogram Test (a test that was developed and used in Russia) is applicable for the English-speaking population of the USA for diagnosing schizophrenia. Another study goal was to establish construct validity of the Pictogram Test. Russian-speaking participants from Russia and English-speaking participants from the USA were participants in this study. In each language group there were two groups: participants diagnosed with schizophrenia and normal controls. The results showed that the Pictogram Test is generally applicable for the English-speaking population. Moreover, the results showed that the Pictogram Test is sensible for …

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Incorporating A Student's Native Folk Music In Piano Teaching: A Survey And Original Piano Arrangements Of Traditional Malaysian Folk Music., Pei Sien Lim Jan 2004

Incorporating A Student's Native Folk Music In Piano Teaching: A Survey And Original Piano Arrangements Of Traditional Malaysian Folk Music., Pei Sien Lim

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Piano teachers have a unique opportunity to introduce young children to the folk music of their country, thereby providing these students with a link to their cultural heritage. Since a recent search revealed a lack of Malaysian folk music collections arranged specifically for elementary and early-intermediate piano students, this research paper includes twelve original arrangements of traditional Malaysian folk music which are suitable for use with elementary and early-intermediate piano students in Malaysia and other countries. This paper also provides piano teachers an introduction to folk music from different parts of the world (especially from the Far East), thereby helping …

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Investigating Science Teachers' Beliefs About Science And Science Teaching: Struggles In Implementing Science Education Reform In Saudi Arabia., Saleh A. Al-Abdulkareem Jan 2004

Investigating Science Teachers' Beliefs About Science And Science Teaching: Struggles In Implementing Science Education Reform In Saudi Arabia., Saleh A. Al-Abdulkareem

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The purposes of this quantitative, descriptive study were to investigate Saudi science teachers' beliefs about science and science teaching, and to determine how do Saudi science teachers view educational reform in science and how do they view change in education. In addition, the study sought to establish whether Saudi science teachers would be able to participate in implementing science education reform in Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was used to collect data, addressing personal characteristics of the participant, teachers' beliefs about science and nature, about school science, about teacher - student relations in the classroom, and environmental factors affecting teaching science. …

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The Transient Behavior Of Fluidized Bed Reactors: An Experimental Approach To Predict Erosion And Attrition Phenomena., Abdulaziz Aljodai Jan 2004

The Transient Behavior Of Fluidized Bed Reactors: An Experimental Approach To Predict Erosion And Attrition Phenomena., Abdulaziz Aljodai

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The attrition of fluidized particles and the erosion of in-bed tubes (IBT) cause serious practical problems in operating fluidized bed reactors, particularly in fluidized bed combustion systems (FBC-systems). In order to provide a basic understanding and an effective control of the attrition and erosion phenomena, a novel approach has been developed in this study. The proposed approach differs in three ways from the conventional one. First, the peaks of transient particles' forces prevailing in a fluidized bed (responsible for erosion of in-bed tubes and attrition of fluidized particles) were measured, and represented by fracture critical values (FCV) of sensitive tracer …

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A Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of West Virginia University Portal Mix (Mountaineer Information Xpress)., Adel Alzenedy Jan 2004

A Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of West Virginia University Portal Mix (Mountaineer Information Xpress)., Adel Alzenedy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use and performance of West Virginia University Portal MIX (Mountaineer Information Xpress), with a focus on its features. As students and faculty in the College of Human Resources and Education were the target population, this study specifically investigated their satisfaction levels towards MIX. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this research, which involves faculty and students in the College of HR&E at West Virginia University. Quantitative data gathering was conducted with the use of online and paper-based surveys. Qualitative data was gathered through informal interviews with a selected sample of …

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Surrogate Mothers Use Of Online Messaging: A Study Of Social Support., Shauna Lively Aurelio Jan 2004

Surrogate Mothers Use Of Online Messaging: A Study Of Social Support., Shauna Lively Aurelio

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

People faced with challenging life events, such as pregnancy, need social support for well being. Traditionally, this support has been given via face-to-face contact in communities. It is known that online messaging promotes effective social support among people with disabilities or illnesses, and during life events such as pregnancy and parenting. It has been further suggested that surrogate mothers, women who contract with another person or a couple to bear a child, receive less social support from their families than other mothers. What is not known is how effective online social support is for surrogate mothers and how much they …

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An Analysis Of Computer-Mediated Communication Technologies As Tools To Enhance Learning., Ana I. Casanova Jan 2004

An Analysis Of Computer-Mediated Communication Technologies As Tools To Enhance Learning., Ana I. Casanova

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The integration of computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies into the higher educational settings have required faculty to change their roles from the direct instructional model to a model based on constructivists' ideas. CMC instructional tools (ITs) have provided a change by shifting a traditional teacher-centered setting into a teacher facilitator environment. Teacher's professional development has become an important task to effectively integrate technology into their courses. Questions concerning the implementation and value of CMC technologies and their impact in higher education are not yet clear. The purpose of this research study was to determine the extent to which CMC technologies promoted …

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Educating Without Borders: The Influence Of International Cross-Cultural Experiences On Teaching With A Global Perspective In Higher Education., Nicholas A. Ciccarello Jan 2004

Educating Without Borders: The Influence Of International Cross-Cultural Experiences On Teaching With A Global Perspective In Higher Education., Nicholas A. Ciccarello

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Global issues, as well as multicultural and global education, are receiving national and international attention, not only within the educational community, but also within society at large. Global education is fast becoming the subject of a growing body of literature, and both K–12 and postsecondary schools have begun to place importance on the successful incorporation of global perspectives in education. The purpose of this study was to examine the various perceived effects of international cross-cultural experiences on the subsequent curricula and instruction of higher education faculty. This phenomenological study utilized data collection methods which included logistical data, recorded interviews, follow-up …

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A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Responsibilities And Supports Of Paraeducators In Special Education., Annette M. Conti Jan 2004

A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Responsibilities And Supports Of Paraeducators In Special Education., Annette M. Conti

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The role of the paraeducator in providing services to students with special needs has expanded to become part of a complex system of providing special education services. In order to meet the individualized needs of students with disabilities, educational agencies and school districts have increasingly relied on the services of paraeducators to facilitate the specialized instruction needed for students to participate in the least restrictive environment. Case studies were completed with three special education self-contained classrooms. The special education teachers and paraeducators who worked in these settings participated in this study through observations, interviews, and surveys. The study examined the …

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Internationalizing An Institution: An Emerging Model Of Effective Leadership, Infrastructure And Cultural Factors., Amelia Davis Courts Jan 2004

Internationalizing An Institution: An Emerging Model Of Effective Leadership, Infrastructure And Cultural Factors., Amelia Davis Courts

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As the United States continues to play a leadership role in the international arena, it depends on the higher education sector to prepare capable leaders who can be guiding forces in the international economic, political, and social environments of the twenty-first century (National Association of State and Land Grant Universities, 2000). This is the ultimate goal of international education. Although current literature clearly describes the benefits of internationalizing higher education, there are few studies that describe how it can be successfully implemented at the institutional level. Using a qualitative, grounded theory approach, this study examined the factors that contributed to …

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Effect Of Daily Step Count Goals On Mood States Of Middle-Aged Women: A Multiple Treatment Single-Subject Design., David E. Goodrich Jan 2004

Effect Of Daily Step Count Goals On Mood States Of Middle-Aged Women: A Multiple Treatment Single-Subject Design., David E. Goodrich

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Physical activity guidelines recommend adults accumulate at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity on five or more days per week (Pate et al., 1995). Research indicates mood is more positive on days when people increase moderate activity like brisk walking compared to days with no extra activity (Thayer, Godes, et al., 2004). Short walks of 5–15 minutes are sufficient to improve mood (Ekkekakis, Hall, et al., 2000; Murphy et al., 2002). The purpose of this study was to explore how eleven sedentary women's (M age = 51.6 ± 6.7 yrs.) daily mood on the Activation Deactivation Adjective Checklist [AD …

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A Product Of Mexico: Truly Mexican Taste?, Maria E. Cazares Jan 2004

A Product Of Mexico: Truly Mexican Taste?, Maria E. Cazares

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Because people of all races, creeds and colors tend to view the world about them through their own eyes, or through the lenses of their own cultures (Fellows, 1972, p.39), it is logical to think that all kinds of visual expression differs from one culture to another, and that graphic design is not an exception. Coming from a place so rich in ancient and modern culture as is Mexico, I have been able to enjoy two very different experiences in a foreign country. On one hand, I came to the United States filled with the essence of being Mexican, and …

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A Microbiological And Clinical Assessment Of Orthodontic Patients With Poor Oral Hygiene., Brett Eckley Jan 2004

A Microbiological And Clinical Assessment Of Orthodontic Patients With Poor Oral Hygiene., Brett Eckley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hypothesis: There is no statistically significant difference between counts of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Bacteroides forsythus, organism morphotypes, and probing depths and plaque scores in orthodontic patients with poor oral hygiene. Thirteen patients were included in the study. Before orthodontic appliances were placed (as baseline) and for four months a BANA test, plaque score, probing depths, and microscopy analysis were performed. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey HSD. Significant differences were found among patients for the BANA and plaque score. Significant differences were found among visits for the BANA, plaque score, and probing depth. There was an increase …

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The Selection Of Counties And Locations Of Field Site Coordinators., Lina Maria Gomez Jan 2004

The Selection Of Counties And Locations Of Field Site Coordinators., Lina Maria Gomez

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Health Sciences and Technology Academy (HSTA) is a 9th to 12th grade mathematics and sciences program established in 1994, at the West Virginia University Health Sciences Center. The main purpose of this program is to increase the number of underrepresented students (i.e., African Americans, financially disadvantaged, first generation attending college, and environmentally disadvantaged- -rural) from West Virginia to pursue degrees in the health sciences fields in the state of West Virginia. An important component of HSTAís program is the field site coordinators (FSCs) whose main function is to recruit students. In order for HSTA to achieve its goal, they …

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Patriarchy And Feminism: A Longitudinal Content Analysis Of The Portrayal Of Women On Playboy Magazine Covers., Jacqueline R. Graham Jan 2004

Patriarchy And Feminism: A Longitudinal Content Analysis Of The Portrayal Of Women On Playboy Magazine Covers., Jacqueline R. Graham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study is a longitudinal cultural study of the portrayal of the ideal female image in the mass media. The focus of this study was on female objectification and sexuality representations by the male decision maker in the patriarchal society. An excellent example of this is Playboy magazine, whose objectification of the female body as a means of entertainment for men has existed for 30 years. A dataset was compiled of 180 Playboy magazine covers spanning three decades: 70s, 80s, 90s. Results indicated a curvilinear trend in the sexual suggestiveness portrayed by the models on the covers, peaking in the …

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The Role Of Geology And Engineering Properties Of The Gettysburg Formation In The Geomorphic Form Of The Susquehanna River At Highspire, Pennsylvania., Joan L. Hawk Jan 2004

The Role Of Geology And Engineering Properties Of The Gettysburg Formation In The Geomorphic Form Of The Susquehanna River At Highspire, Pennsylvania., Joan L. Hawk

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Gettysburg Formation preserves the sedimentological record of the Late Triassic – Early Jurassic filling of the Newark-Narrow Neck-Gettysburg rift basin and subsequent intrusion by diabase. In the study area, bedrock is exposed only on the floor of the Susquehanna River. Exploratory borings drilled across the river, as part of a geotechnical investigation to obtain data for design of a foundation system for a replacement of the existing bridge carrying the Pennsylvania Turnpike (S.R. 0076) over the Susquehanna River, provided an opportunity to document the general stratigraphy of the surficial materials and the Gettysburg Formation in areas inaccessible to previous …

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The Old Order Mennonites And Mass Media: Electronic Media And Socialization., Eunice I. Rohrer Jan 2004

The Old Order Mennonites And Mass Media: Electronic Media And Socialization., Eunice I. Rohrer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research project is a critique of both electronic media effects and socialization for the largely unstudied sect of Old Order Mennonites from the Weaverland Conference. In an initial pilot study, eight interviews were conducted to obtain reasons for rejection of electronic media. Next, the electronic media studied in this study’s survey analysis included cell phones, computers and attitudes toward the internet. The Lancaster Conference Mennonites are employed for group comparison. In a revival of McLuhan’s theory, it was hypothesized that the more different electronic media types are used and the greater the number of years they are used, the …

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The Effects Of Age, Estrogen And Environmental Enrichment On Neurogenesis, Dendritic Spine Density And Synaptogenesis In The Hippocampus., Tina Marie Sager Jan 2004

The Effects Of Age, Estrogen And Environmental Enrichment On Neurogenesis, Dendritic Spine Density And Synaptogenesis In The Hippocampus., Tina Marie Sager

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over 43 million women today are nearing or have passed menopause and 21 million more will be entering their climacteric period over the next decade. Cognitive symptoms such as poor memory and the inability to concentrate have been reported in perimenopausal and menopausal women. The goal of this study was to determine both the single and combined effects that age, estrogen and environmental enrichment have on neurogenesis, synapotgenesis, and dendritic spine density in the hippocampus region of the female rat brain. Ovariectomized, female Sprague-dawley rats were administered either estrogen replacement or a vehicle. The rats were then subjected to either …

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Coaches And Sport Psychology: Factors Influencing Intentions To Use Sport Psychology Consultation., Rebecca Zakrajsek Jan 2004

Coaches And Sport Psychology: Factors Influencing Intentions To Use Sport Psychology Consultation., Rebecca Zakrajsek

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was twofold. First, the Sport Psychology AttitudeRevised Coaches (SPA-RC) form, modified from the Sport Psychology Attitude-Revised Form (Martin et al., 2002), was developed for coaches and examined through exploratory factor analysis procedures. Second, a theoretical model was developed using the SPA-RC and additional variables (previous exposure and expectations of the process) hypothesized to influence coaches’ use of sport psychology consultants (SPC). A total of 374 coaches were surveyed regarding attitude, previous exposure, expectations of the process, and intentions to use SPCs. Exploratory Factor Analyses with the SPA-RC revealed a 3-factor solution (stigma tolerance, confidence in …

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Family Socialization Of Adolescent Cigarette Smoking: The Roles Of Positive Parenting And Parental Smoking., Sarah E. Foster Jan 2004

Family Socialization Of Adolescent Cigarette Smoking: The Roles Of Positive Parenting And Parental Smoking., Sarah E. Foster

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This cross-sectional investigation examined main and interactive effects of positive parenting and parental smoking on adolescent smoking in 934 families. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analyses. Findings indicated that higher levels of either maternal or paternal smoking were associated with daughters’ smoking; however, only paternal smoking was associated with sons’ smoking. Moreover, findings revealed that lower levels of either maternal or paternal positive parenting were associated with daughters’ smoking, but only maternal positive parenting was associated with sons’ smoking. When the two components of the positive parenting construct were analyzed separately, it appeared that parental warmth was associated with …

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The Influence Of Sexual Orientation And Gender On The Social Support Networks Of Middle-Aged And Older Adults., S. Melinda Spencer Jan 2004

The Influence Of Sexual Orientation And Gender On The Social Support Networks Of Middle-Aged And Older Adults., S. Melinda Spencer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Social support issues have not been examined extensively among middle-aged and older lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults, despite evidence that the aging experience may differ between these individuals and same-aged heterosexuals. This study compared the structure (network composition) and function (positive and negative inter-personal interactions) of social support across gender and sexual orientation and how psychological well-being varied as a function of these variables. During this study, 105 participants were administered a survey in either a mail-back or an online format. No group differences emerged with regard to psychological well-being or overall social network size, but significant variations were …

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Development Of A Standardized Abrasive Scale: An Analysis Of Commercial Prophylaxis Pastes., Karen D. Avey Jan 2004

Development Of A Standardized Abrasive Scale: An Analysis Of Commercial Prophylaxis Pastes., Karen D. Avey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Currently, no standard abrasive scale exists for dental prophylaxis pastes. Manufacturers determine their definition of abrasive grit levels. The purpose of this study was to measure resulting surface roughness on bovine enamel of a representative sample of prophylaxis pastes. The study consisted of a survey of prophylaxis paste manufacturers, a pilot study and an analysis of bovine tooth specimens. Prophylaxis pastes, pumice and toothpaste comprised the sample. Equipment was constructed for applying abrasives to specimens at 2500 rpm for five seconds under a load of 145-grams. Pre and post-test surface roughness readings were recorded. Repeated measures ANOVA determined that the …

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Pseudo Dynamic Metrics: Early Assessment Of Dynamic Behavior Of Software Systems., Rajesh Gunnalan Jan 2004

Pseudo Dynamic Metrics: Early Assessment Of Dynamic Behavior Of Software Systems., Rajesh Gunnalan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Software Metrics have become an integral part of software development and are used during every phase of the software development life cycle. Research in the area of software metrics tends to focus predominantly on static metrics that are obtained by static analysis of the software artifact. These static metrics are readily available through automated tools and are widely used. However software quality attributes such as performance, reliability and error rates depend on the dynamic behavior of the software artifact. Hence, estimating software quality attributes based on dynamic behavior (dynamic metrics) of software system is more accurate and realistic. Dynamic metrics …

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Scenic Design For Steve Martin's "Picasso At The Lapin Agile"., Tuesdee Long Jan 2004

Scenic Design For Steve Martin's "Picasso At The Lapin Agile"., Tuesdee Long

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This document is a record of the process involved in creating the scenery for West Virginia University’s 2004 production of Picasso at the Lapin Agile, by Steve Martin. The project was assigned to serve as partial fulfillment of the requirements of a Master of Fine Arts in Design and Theatre Technology, and this document completes the requirements for that degree. This thesis explains the progress of the design from its research and conceptualization to its realization and the resulting theatrical production on the stage. It includes a synopsis, criticism and history of the original production, and a self-evaluation of the …

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The Effects Of Positive And Negative Framing On Seven American Newspapers During The Persian Gulf War In 1991 And The Iraq War In 2003., Davin T. White Jan 2004

The Effects Of Positive And Negative Framing On Seven American Newspapers During The Persian Gulf War In 1991 And The Iraq War In 2003., Davin T. White

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study evaluates the positive and negative aspects of major American newspaper coverage of the Persian Gulf War in 1991 and the war in Iraq in 2003. Embedded coverage in 2003 was presumed to generate more positive coverage than under the press pool system in 1991. However, both the overall coverage of six newspapers in 1991 and six in 2003 were framed positively toward the American missions. When comparing means of positive and negative coverage among the newspapers, no significant differences in overall coverage were found. The coverage of the Persian Gulf War, however, was slightly more positive. There was …

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