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Colloidal Nanocrystal Quantum Dots For High-Efficiency Optoelectronic Conversions, Yiqiang Zhang Aug 2012

Colloidal Nanocrystal Quantum Dots For High-Efficiency Optoelectronic Conversions, Yiqiang Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Monodispersed colloidal quantum dots (QDs) synthesized by low-cost solution methods have many attractive properties, including high wavelength tunability, efficient luminescence, narrow emission bandwidth, and strong broadband absorption. They therefore offer a new class of materials for efficient optoelectronic conversions in various devices, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, and thin-film solar cells. Despite the recent rapid progress, the development of QD-based devices is still in its infancy. For instance, both the external quantum efficiency of QD-LEDs and power conversion efficiency of QD solar cells reported in the literature are only a few percent, far below those of state-of-the- art inorganic and …


Combining Language---A Study Of English-Chinese Bilingual Typography, Yan Zhao Aug 2012

Combining Language---A Study Of English-Chinese Bilingual Typography, Yan Zhao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Due to increased globalization, English and Chinese typographies have been used together and have come to characterize many publications and educational materials, commonly appearing in airports, museums and city shopping districts. This MFA thesis is inspired by this realization and is geared toward enhancing new methods for balancing English-Chinese bilingual typography in print.;Key Words: English, Chinese, Bilingual, Typography, Print Publication.


A Structured Approach For Facilitating The Implementation Of Iso 50001 Standard In Manufacturing Industry, Kartik Ramamoorthy Aug 2012

A Structured Approach For Facilitating The Implementation Of Iso 50001 Standard In Manufacturing Industry, Kartik Ramamoorthy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Technical solutions and technological changes alone cannot sustain energy saving improvements and promote continual improvement in an organization. Successful bridging between technical and management principles to implement an energy management system would lead to energy savings. To overcome the lack of availability of proper framework to implement an energy management system conforming to the ISO 50001, a standard methodology using flow charts and a software ISO 50001 Analyzer is developed to help facilities get certified by checking if their energy management system complies with the ISO 50001 standard. The major aim of the software is to reduce the degree of …


Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault Aug 2012

Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are disorders characterized by repetitive and stereotyped behavior. Research shows that these behaviors interfere with typical development and with the acquisition of new skills, including vocal communication. For many children with ASD who are unable to imitate others and who have limited vocal repertoires, few vocal training interventions are available. Research on operant variability, however, indicates that the direct reinforcement of varied sounds may create a larger set of vocal responses. This enlarged response class could then be used to shape functional vocal communication. In the first of three studies, the existing vocal repertoires of 10 …


Under The Surface: An Examination Of Voice, Space, And Identity In West Virginia University Mcnair Scholars, Thomas N. Keopuhiwa Aug 2012

Under The Surface: An Examination Of Voice, Space, And Identity In West Virginia University Mcnair Scholars, Thomas N. Keopuhiwa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Diversity amongst the college campus is a common goal of most American educational institutions of today. However very few are able to achieve this goal. Increasing the diversity of faculty and staff on campus is one way we can address this issue. The McNair Scholars Post Baccalaureate program is a program that provides training and support to those undergraduates from disadvantaged backgrounds and/or underrepresented minority to help them pursue the goal of obtaining a doctoral degree. The qualitative research presented here, provides an overview of the West Virginia University (WVU) McNair scholars' experiences, and their journey within the McNair program. …


A Study Of Best Practices For The Recruitment And Retention Of Resident Directors, Patricia L. Cendana Aug 2012

A Study Of Best Practices For The Recruitment And Retention Of Resident Directors, Patricia L. Cendana

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A resident director is an entry-level, student affairs professional staff member that resides within a college or university residence hall. The resident director provides developmental experiences for students who live in on-campus housing. The resident director interacts with students around the clock throughout the semester. Unlike other entry-level professional staff, who return to the sanctity of their home at the end of the work day, the resident director's responsibilities for the welfare of their students do not end until the semester is over and the students have moved out. Resident directors assume responsibility for insuring that all residential needs, in …


Reservoir Heterogeneity In A Carbon Sequestration Target: The Donovan Sand Member Of The Rodessa Formation, Citronelle Field, Alabama, Keith Coffindaffer Aug 2012

Reservoir Heterogeneity In A Carbon Sequestration Target: The Donovan Sand Member Of The Rodessa Formation, Citronelle Field, Alabama, Keith Coffindaffer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Citronelle field, located in Mobile County, Alabama, has been chosen as a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) pilot site, and supercritical CO2 has been injected for the combined purposes of long-term storage testing and enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The target formation for injection is the Early Cretaceous Donovan Sand of the Rodessa Formation, and is characterized by discontinuous fine- to medium-grained, heterogeneous arkosic fluvial sandstones interbedded with fissile mudstones and micaceous silts. Based upon core analysis of the Donovan Sand, depofacies indicate a fluvio-deltaic/estuarine depositional environment for the Donovan Sand. Probable sources of the …


Development And Testing Of A High Resolution Pet Detector For Prostate Imaging, Evan P. Delfino Aug 2012

Development And Testing Of A High Resolution Pet Detector For Prostate Imaging, Evan P. Delfino

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

According to the American Cancer Society one in six men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime. Current methods for screening of prostate cancer including various PSA blood tests, as well as the digital rectal exam, are unreliability while current imaging modalities clinically employed (US, CT, MRI) are unable to localize intraprostatic cancer(s). Consequently, diagnosis via core needle biopsy is problematic and a game of chance at best. Therefore, in response to new radiopharmaceuticals applicable to both internal and external prostate cancer visualization and localization, novel prostate specific nuclear medical imagers are being developed.;The first prototype of a …


Reversible Myocardial Dysfunction In A Rodent Model Of Prenatal Stress, Jessalyn Marie Hadfield Aug 2012

Reversible Myocardial Dysfunction In A Rodent Model Of Prenatal Stress, Jessalyn Marie Hadfield

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Compelling clinical reports indicate that emotional/behavioral stress alone is sufficient to cause profound, but completely reversible myocardial dysfunction in selected individuals. A rodent cardiomyopathy model was previously reported by combining pre-natal and post-natal behavioral/restraint stress (Stress). A decrease in % FS (the ratio between the diameter of the left ventricle when it is relaxed and when it is contracted) by echocardiogram was previously reported, along with both systolic and diastolic dysfunction by catheter-based hemodynamics, as well as attenuated hemodynamic and inotropic responses to the beta adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol (ISO) in Stress compared with matched Controls. The p38mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase …


Genetic Basis For Thermal Tolerance In Two Different Strains Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss): Case Western And Kamloops, Paola Reale Aug 2012

Genetic Basis For Thermal Tolerance In Two Different Strains Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss): Case Western And Kamloops, Paola Reale

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis examines the thermal tolerance based on how expression of Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70 and HSP90 differ between two different strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), the Case Western strain and the Kamloops strain, and determines if cortisol levels affect HSP expression in red blood cells. The Case Western strain is considered the only warm water trout, only recently was any aspect of its thermal tolerance quantified. Porto (2012) determined critical thermal maxima (CTM) for the Case Western strain and found it to be about 0.15 °C higher than the Kamloops strain. This thesis is comprised of three …


A Case Study: How Students In A Small Rural West Virginia County Spend Their Out Of School Time, Veronica R. Wilcox Aug 2012

A Case Study: How Students In A Small Rural West Virginia County Spend Their Out Of School Time, Veronica R. Wilcox

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

How youth spend their Out of School Time (OST) has a significant impact on their development. Youth get developmental assets from an integration of home, family, school, church, friends, neighbors, community, activities, and positive youth development programs -- there are numerous inputs outside of school. Knowing how they spend their Out of School Time will allow the discovery of ways to improve youth development. A case study of all fifth, seventh, and ninth graders in a small rural West Virginia county was conducted using a questionnaire to determine how they spent their Out of School Time. Youth were asked about …


Comparison And Discrimination Of Aged And Laundered Fibers By Uv-Vis Microspectrophotometry And Colorimetry, Sushana S. Wiliams Aug 2012

Comparison And Discrimination Of Aged And Laundered Fibers By Uv-Vis Microspectrophotometry And Colorimetry, Sushana S. Wiliams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fibers are commonly encountered trace evidence materials that are observed and analyzed in forensic science. The analysis of fibers currently relies upon chromatography, microscopy, spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (1, 2). While most features of fibers are easily established, the determination and comparison of one important attribute, color, is complex(3, 4). Factors such as environmental conditions may play an important role when identifying, analyzing and comparing color between questions and known fiber samples.;While color can be evaluated subjectively, it can also be characterized instrumentally. This property may observe subtle or significant differences when fibers have been exposed to aging and laundering. …


Evaluation Of Treatment Integrity Errors On Mand Acquisition, Sacha T. Pence Aug 2012

Evaluation Of Treatment Integrity Errors On Mand Acquisition, Sacha T. Pence

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Manding (requesting) is a vital component of successful language development and allows children to access reinforcers in their environment. When training mands, caregivers may not implement the training program as designed ("treatment integrity failures"). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of incorrect-item delivery (Experiment 1) and response-independent item delivery (Experiment 2) across four levels of treatment integrity (0%, 40%, 70%, and 100%) on mand acquisition. A total of six children (three in each experiment), who communicated vocally using full sentences and engaged in some independent manding participated in the study. During Experiment 1, two of …


Modulation Of Cardiac Pacemaker Channels By Tyrosine Phosphorylation, Jianying Huang Aug 2012

Modulation Of Cardiac Pacemaker Channels By Tyrosine Phosphorylation, Jianying Huang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Encoded by hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, the cardiac pacemaker current If is a major determinant of diastolic depolarization in sinus node myocytes and has a key role in the origin of heart beat. My dissertation consists of two chapters, focusing on the modulation of If and HCN channels by tyrosine phosphorylation, which is maintained by a fine balance between tyrosine kinases and phosphatases. Chapter 1 aims to investigate the role of Src tyrosine kinases in the regulation of sinus node If and HCN channels; Chapter 2 explores the modulation of ventricular If and HCN channels by a family of …


Comparison Of Three Machine Vision Pose Estimation Systems Based On Corner, Line, And Ellipse Extraction For Satellite Grasping, Jeremy A. Luckett Aug 2012

Comparison Of Three Machine Vision Pose Estimation Systems Based On Corner, Line, And Ellipse Extraction For Satellite Grasping, Jeremy A. Luckett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The primary objective of this research was to use three different types of features (corners, lines, and ellipses) for the purpose of satellite grasping with a machine vision-based pose estimation system. The corner system is used to track sharp corners or small features (holes or bolt) in the satellite; the lines system tracks sharp edges while the ellipse system tracks circular features in the satellite. The corner and line system provided 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) pose (rotation matrix and translation vector) of the satellite with respect to the camera frame, while the ellipse system provided 5 DOF pose (normal …


Factors Affecting Orthodontic Adherence In Appalachia, Breana M. Phillips Aug 2012

Factors Affecting Orthodontic Adherence In Appalachia, Breana M. Phillips

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Orthodontic intervention enhances not only esthetics and psychosocial health, but also improves the function of the human dentition. Many insurance programs now offer orthodontic coverage; however, proper adherence and good oral hygiene habits are poor among those Appalachian individuals undergoing orthodontic care. This research study was conducted to determine the contributing factors in poor orthodontic compliance in Appalachia. Investigators completed a retrospective chart review, assessing inactive orthodontic patients from 2007-2012 at a private practice in North Central West Virginia. The general dentist at this rural office practices both general dentistry, as well as, orthodontics. Information regarding demographics, form of payment, …


Market Perceptions For Expanded Opportunities Of Central Appalachian Hardwoods, Liberty Olea Moya Aug 2012

Market Perceptions For Expanded Opportunities Of Central Appalachian Hardwoods, Liberty Olea Moya

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study investigated how to improve the market potentials of Appalachian hardwoods, specifically within West Virginia. Some Appalachian hardwoods could serve as alternative species for producing various value-added wood-based products. Efficient utilization of these species can lead to reduced manufacturing and consumer costs of major hardwood products. The main objectives of the study included: identifying the major products derived from Appalachian hardwoods, evaluating current and future market trends, and identifying the potential for using hickory as a substitute material in wood products. Additionally, factors that influence both local and international community's wood product purchasing decisions (e.g. price, eco-label certifications, image, …


A Retrospective Clinical Study To Evaluate Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (Mta) As A Direct Pulp Capping Agent In A One-Visit Protocol, Patrick J. Petley Aug 2012

A Retrospective Clinical Study To Evaluate Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (Mta) As A Direct Pulp Capping Agent In A One-Visit Protocol, Patrick J. Petley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the long-term success that can be achieved by the use of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) as a pulp capping agent, demonstrate the simplicity of the procedure, and overcome the commonly held objections of cost, difficult handling characteristics, and the need for two appointments to complete the procedure.;A single visit protocol was utilized in the completion of forty-eight pulp cap procedures with twenty-seven procedures available for recall. The MTA pulp cap was covered with glass ionomer liner and then restored with a bonded composite or amalgam. Teeth were evaluated for sensitivity to percussion, …


Expanding Training Opportunities For Parents Of Children With Autism, Jennifer Lee Suppo Aug 2012

Expanding Training Opportunities For Parents Of Children With Autism, Jennifer Lee Suppo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that parents who have children diagnosed with autism can obtain and apply knowledge of a research-based support for their children by utilizing a prescribed, self-directed, online program, giving families another possible method of obtaining training to help meet the discrepancy that exists between need and service. The design was a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group, pretest-posttest design that was used to test knowledge obtained from treatment. Additionally, the researcher examined parents' application of knowledge and perceptions regarding the treatment. The results demonstrate that parents who receive training using this method can obtain and …


The Social Context Of Smoking: Measuring Social Capital Among College Students, Traci Dawn Jarrett Aug 2012

The Social Context Of Smoking: Measuring Social Capital Among College Students, Traci Dawn Jarrett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Social capital is an ecological theory that explains access to resources as a result of social relationships between individuals and communities. The appeal of social capital across scientific disciplines, including public health, lies in its ability to account for multiple individual and ecological factors in relation to health outcomes, economic and social disparity, and social empowerment as a result of social connections. However, scientists do not agree on the most appropriate indicators of social capital, and a panel of experts tasked with developing a methodological approach to measure social capital indicate that measurement should be context specific. Currently, there are …


The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy Aug 2012

The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Computers and the Internet play a substantial role in how adolescents communicate with one another. Social networking websites, in particular, are a popular medium used by adolescents in which users can develop and maintain a large number of relationships from a single profile page. Facebook represents one of the most widely used social networking websites; however, little is known about the types of factors that are associated with the way in which adolescents use it. The present study examined the association of social anxiety and parenting with adolescent Facebook use. One hundred and sixty-two adolescents between the ages of 16 …


Risk Perception Among Sexually Abused Female Adolescents, Andrea M. Jones Aug 2012

Risk Perception Among Sexually Abused Female Adolescents, Andrea M. Jones

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Previous research investigating risk recognition in female victims of child sexual abuse has focused on college-aged women and young adults to the exclusion of adolescent females, who are just entering the stage where dating and sexual relationships are becoming important. Research with college-aged women and young adults has demonstrated that women with a history of child sexual abuse are less likely to detect risk cues in social environments. Understanding how adolescents perceive risky situations is important in preventing the trajectory from child sexual abuse to later adult victimization. It also is important to understand deficits in risk perception across a …


Color-Blind: The Effects Of A Reporter's Race On Framing, Gregory A. Cranmer Aug 2012

Color-Blind: The Effects Of A Reporter's Race On Framing, Gregory A. Cranmer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Previous literature has established the widespread use of frames that contrast athletes' physical (i.e., the "brawn" frame) and mental abilities (i.e., the "brain" frame) in mediated sports content, especially in verbal commentary. An athlete's race has been extensively studied as a key variable that determines which frames are implemented by media institutions, as Black athletes are framed in the brawn frame and White athletes are framed in the brain frame. The current study analyzed the presence, salience, and valence of brawn and brain frames of Heisman finalists in newspaper articles. This study extended previous research by examining (a) written content, …


Instructional Leadership For Middle School Students With Disabilities In The General Education Classroom: The Role Of The Principal, Jeremy M. Lynch Aug 2012

Instructional Leadership For Middle School Students With Disabilities In The General Education Classroom: The Role Of The Principal, Jeremy M. Lynch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Instructional leadership is the most important responsibility of today's principal, and no other group of students is in need of an effective instructional leader more than students with disabilities. Effective instructional leaders, especially for students with disabilities, create a supportive learning environment and school culture that promotes the education of all students. Furthermore, effective instructional leaders are knowledgeable of effective instructional strategies and promote the use of such strategies by communicating with and supervising educators. The purpose of this multiple case study was to provide a detailed description of instructional leadership for students with disabilities in an average school system …


Tinkering At The Edges Of Public Education Teacher And Parent Perceptions Of West Virginia Universal Pre-Kindergarten, Bethanie Morris Stiles Aug 2012

Tinkering At The Edges Of Public Education Teacher And Parent Perceptions Of West Virginia Universal Pre-Kindergarten, Bethanie Morris Stiles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

West Virginia commenced the state universal pre-kindergarten program in 2002, being one of the first states to implement a universal early childhood education program for all fouryear- olds. Ten years later the program is approaching the goal year of full implementation. Research in the field was examined to identify past and current conditions of UPK in WV and throughout the nation. In this study, key informants---teachers and parents---were interviewed and asked to share their perceptions on elements of the program that they encountered to be challenging and successful. Participants in this qualitative study allowed the researcher to gain rich insights …


Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale Aug 2012

Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined an observational method for identifying specific behaviors to indicate social anxiety and social withdrawal in preschool children. During an interaction task with a novel adult, 28 children (ages 4 and 5) were observed for specific verbal and non-verbal behaviors (i.e., total utterances, commands, questions, unsolicited conversation, direct responses, eye gaze aversion, non-verbal response, physical distancing, freezing, smiling ) and global behaviors (i.e., shyness, volume or speech, and postural rigidity), theoretically relevant to early childhood social anxiety. Behaviors observed during the interaction task were examined in relation to the parent-reported Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale's social anxiety subscale (Spence, …


Dating Anxiety And Paternal Dating Rules, Chad S. Brice May 2012

Dating Anxiety And Paternal Dating Rules, Chad S. Brice

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Dating anxiety is a specific type of social anxiety individuals experience in the presence of dating partners or potential dating partners that disrupts typical romantic development during adolescence. The etiological factors that contribute to dating anxiety have been less researched than other presentations of anxiety so the present research aimed to further explore potential contributors based on etiological factors related to other anxiety disorders. Many parent variables have been associated with anxiety disorders including parental anxiety, overcontrol, and fear-conditioning. In regard to dating, fathers have been shown to be more controlling and restrictive than mothers in their rule use. The …


Potential Empathy Deficits, Motivations, And Desistence In Traditional And Cyber Bullies, Colleen M. Keelan May 2012

Potential Empathy Deficits, Motivations, And Desistence In Traditional And Cyber Bullies, Colleen M. Keelan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Bullying is a serious phenomenon that includes behaviors conducted in a variety of mediums, including face-to-face (i.e. traditional bullying) and through technology (i.e. cyberbullying). This study examined differences between traditional bullies and cyberbullies in empathy deficits, motivation to engage in bullying behavior, and reasons for desistence of bullying behavior. The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire was used to assess traditional bullying whereas the Internet Experience Questionnaire was used to assess cyberbullying. In a sample of 288 college students, there was no significant differences in total empathy, affective empathy, or cognitive empathy, between traditional bullies (N = 41), cyberbullies (N = 48), victims …


Principles Of Learner Autonomy In Action: Effects And Perceptions In A College-Level Foreign Language Class, Heiko Everwien Ter Haseborg May 2012

Principles Of Learner Autonomy In Action: Effects And Perceptions In A College-Level Foreign Language Class, Heiko Everwien Ter Haseborg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was designed to investigate how college learners of a foreign language perceived learner autonomy, its effects on student motivation, and its benefits to different parts of language learning. It utilized a mixed-methods design. Participants were 90 undergraduate students in German courses of different levels. During the course of instruction, principles of learner autonomy were implemented in the instruction. Qualitative as well as quantitative data were collected in the form of a self-assessment survey, learning journals, reflective statements, and an autonomous learning survey. The analysis was focused on (1) how students perceived the ability to make autonomous learning choices, …


Bisphenol A Alters The Function And Expression Of Bk Channels In Vascular Smooth Muscle Through Membrane And Nuclear Signals, Shinichi Asano May 2012

Bisphenol A Alters The Function And Expression Of Bk Channels In Vascular Smooth Muscle Through Membrane And Nuclear Signals, Shinichi Asano

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has recently become a public health concern, and the safety of the utilization of BPA has attracted the attention of the scientific community, politicians, and the general population. Although BPA is banned from baby products in a few countries because infants and young children are particularly susceptible to endocrine disruption, recent studies have consistently indicated the association between urinary BPA concentration and cardiovascular diseases in adults. Therefore, adult exposure to this xenoestrogen is becoming a healthcare issue that cannot be ignored. We selected large conductance Ca2+/voltage sensitive potassium (BK) channels as one of the target proteins …