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Articles 1351 - 1380 of 3451
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Math Ability And Gendered Self-Perceptions, Lorianne Deleen Burhop
Math Ability And Gendered Self-Perceptions, Lorianne Deleen Burhop
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Gender stereotypes continue to be prevalent in American society and have the potential to influence the self-perceptions of both males and females. One stereotype that has been particularly persistent is the belief that mathematics is a masculine subject and that males are inherently better at math than females. Despite increasing evidence showing males and females to be equally competent in the subject, previous studies have indicated that females frequently underestimate their abilities to succeed in mathematics. This study uses data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS: 88) and the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS: 2002). Both …
Impact Of Aids Education On Adolescent Risky Sexual Behaviors, Anna Mackenzie Iverson
Impact Of Aids Education On Adolescent Risky Sexual Behaviors, Anna Mackenzie Iverson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Modern sex education recognizes that adolescents need formal guidance and information regarding sexuality and sexual behaviors. From an economic policy perspective, sex education is seen as an important tool in preventing costly social outcomes such as teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Previous literature has shown that sex education was associated with earlier initiation into sexual activity but not necessarily with increased pregnancy rates (Marsiglio and Mott 1984). The evidence has also shown that the relationship may not be causal (Sabia 2006). In order to better understand these conclusions, this thesis uses data from the Center for Disease Control’s …
The Influence Of Sibling Support On Children's Post-Divorce Adjustment: A Turning Point Analysis, Kimberly Ann Jacobs
The Influence Of Sibling Support On Children's Post-Divorce Adjustment: A Turning Point Analysis, Kimberly Ann Jacobs
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Most previous research on children’s adjustment following the divorce of their parents has focused on the consequences of parents’ actions and communication choices. Relatively little is known about the impact that sibling relationships have on post-divorce adjustment. The current study was designed to explore the relationship between sibling social support (emotional, instrumental, and informational support) and adjustment. Data was collected from 34 participants using the Retrospective Interview Technique (RIT). Participants identified key turning points in their adjustment process and used those points as an interview guide to talk about support from and communication with their siblings. Numerical questionnaire data was …
Territoriality And Habitat Selection Of Feral Pigs On Fort Benning, Georgia, Usa, William Deroche Sparklin
Territoriality And Habitat Selection Of Feral Pigs On Fort Benning, Georgia, Usa, William Deroche Sparklin
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Feral pigs are one of the most successful, widespread, economically and environmentally damaging invasive mammalian species worldwide. I conducted a study of feral pig sounders (female social groups) on Fort Benning, Georgia to test our hypotheses that feral pigs were territorial at the sounder level and that territoriality was a key factor influencing habitat selection of feral pigs. I used Global Positioning System (GPS) location data from 24 individuals representing 18 sounders combined with mark-recapture and camera trap data to evaluate evidence of territorial behavior at the individual and sounder levels by comparing the degree of overlap between home ranges. …
The House That Smokey Built: The Forest Service Management Of Historic Structures In Wilderness, Molly Michelle Ryan
The House That Smokey Built: The Forest Service Management Of Historic Structures In Wilderness, Molly Michelle Ryan
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Ryan, Molly M., M.S., 2009 Recreation Management The House That Smokey Built: The Forest Service Management of Historic Structures in Wilderness Committee Chair: Dr. Perry J. Brown Debates about the appropriateness of historic structures being present and preserved in wilderness are not new issues. In some form or another, this topic has surfaced, been debated, then simmered, but never properly addressed or resolved. The purposes of this paper are to identify management gaps within the Forest Service administration regarding the management of historic structures within wilderness areas and to recommend how these gaps can be filled. Data were collected from …
Restoration Of Native Plant Communities After Road Decommissioning: Effect Of Seed Mix And Soil Properties On Vegetative Establishment, Ashley Stevenson Grant
Restoration Of Native Plant Communities After Road Decommissioning: Effect Of Seed Mix And Soil Properties On Vegetative Establishment, Ashley Stevenson Grant
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Road decommissioning is increasingly recognized as a critical first step in the restoration of terrestrial and aquatic habitats. In the past two years alone, the United States Congress has appropriated $90 million for road removal and watershed restoration. Despite this relatively large public investment, little is known about the efficacy or ecological effects of road-removal practices. One particularly important issue is the impact of post-road-removal revegetation strategies. This study evaluated 1) short-term effects of road decommissioning on plant community composition, 2) effects of seed-mix seed origin (native vs. nonnative), species diversity, and seeding density on vegetative establishment, and 3) impact …
The Genesis Of Ribosome Structure: A Tale Of Two Proteins, Christopher James Woolstenhulme
The Genesis Of Ribosome Structure: A Tale Of Two Proteins, Christopher James Woolstenhulme
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Living cells are dependent upon protein synthesis for virtually all cellular functions. The cellular machine responsible for protein synthesis, called the ribosome, is formed through the association of two unequally sized subunits, each composed of RNA and proteins. Proper assembly of each subunit is essential to ribosome function and therefore essential to the cellular life cycle. Previous studies focused on dissecting the assembly of the small ribosomal subunit (30S subunit) from E. coli have shown that 21 proteins sequentially assemble on the 16S rRNA at multiple nucleation sites. For the first time, we are able to monitor changes in the …
Social Values For Attributes At Risk From Wildfire In Northwest Montana, Derek Timothy O'Donnell
Social Values For Attributes At Risk From Wildfire In Northwest Montana, Derek Timothy O'Donnell
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Annual fire management and suppression expenditures by the USDA Forest Service have dramatically increased in recent years, and exceeded $1 billion in the fire seasons of 2000, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009. These escalating management costs can largely be attributed to the Forest Services’ efforts to protect private property in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) at the expense of other market and non-market attributes. Due to increasing development within the WUI, climate change, and excessive fuel loading from decades of successful fire suppression, it is likely that fire suppression costs will continue to rise if current wildfire management priorities …
Assessing Efforts To Reduce Sediment Impacts In Cottonwood Creek, Blackfoot Basin, Montana, Natalie Regina Marie Shapiro
Assessing Efforts To Reduce Sediment Impacts In Cottonwood Creek, Blackfoot Basin, Montana, Natalie Regina Marie Shapiro
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis assesses efforts to reduce sediment impacts in Cottonwood Creek, a tributary to the Blackfoot River in western Montana. The first objective evaluated trade-offs in stream crossing improvements regarding short-term sediment impacts versus long-term reductions in sediment load from road surface erosion and possible culvert failures. Suspended sediment and turbidity measurements were taken during spring snowmelt the year before and after a culvert replacement by a bridge, and during the replacement activity. The two study years were typical snowmelt years; i.e., 2- and 4-year return intervals, based on a ten-year USGS period of record. Culvert fill and road surface …
Assessing The Influence Of Parent/Guardian Variables On Select Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors Among 10 To 14 Year Old Northern Plains Indian Youth, Christiana Lea Ricci
Assessing The Influence Of Parent/Guardian Variables On Select Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors Among 10 To 14 Year Old Northern Plains Indian Youth, Christiana Lea Ricci
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a growing health concern among American Indian populations. Many behavioral risk factors for T2DM are influenced by the family unit. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of certain parent/guardian variables on youth type 2 diabetes risk factors. Methods: The parents/guardians of 10-14 year old Northern Plains American Indian youth (n=37) were surveyed regarding their knowledge for physical activity and nutrition, support behaviors for physical activity and nutrition in their youth, and their individual physical activity and nutrition behaviors. Youth variables including physical activity behavior, dietary behavior, and body mass index …
Biogenesis, Assembly And Intracellular Trafficking Of Junin Arenavirus Envelope Glycoprotein Complex, Sudhakar Srinivasarao Agnihothram
Biogenesis, Assembly And Intracellular Trafficking Of Junin Arenavirus Envelope Glycoprotein Complex, Sudhakar Srinivasarao Agnihothram
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
An unusual feature in the arenavirus envelope glycoprotein complex (GP-C) is the presence of a myristoylated stable signal peptide (SSP) in addition to the receptor binding subunit G1 and the transmembrane fusion subunit G2. Genetic studies were employed to understand the structure-function of the GP-C complex, with emphasis on elucidating the role of SSP in arenavirus life cycle. We present genetic evidence that support the inclusion of G2 as a member of Class I viral fusion protein, where membrane fusion is mediated by six-helix bundle structure as in HIV and Influenza viruses. Furthermore, we have identified crucial roles for SSP …
An Investigation Of Spatial And Temporal Variability In Several Of Montana's Reference Streams: Working Toward A More Holistic Management Strategy, Kathryn Elizabeth Makarowski
An Investigation Of Spatial And Temporal Variability In Several Of Montana's Reference Streams: Working Toward A More Holistic Management Strategy, Kathryn Elizabeth Makarowski
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Water temperature is a physical property that fundamentally affects stream ecology and is considered an important water quality parameter from scientific and legal view points. On global, catchment and reach scales, anthropogenic activities have substantially altered natural stream temperature regimes, impairing these systems’ ability to maintain ecological integrity. Thermal degradation often can be attributed to a variety of human activities, and global climate change, which has been accelerated by the demands of an exponentially expanding human population, will play a central role in defining stream temperature regimes in the future. Natural spatial and temporal variability in stream temperatures adds to …
Indoor/Ambient Residential Air Toxics Results In Rural Western Montana, Heidi Lee Underberg
Indoor/Ambient Residential Air Toxics Results In Rural Western Montana, Heidi Lee Underberg
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Indoor and ambient concentrations of 21 volatile organic compounds (including 14 hazardous air pollutants) were measured in the homes of nearly 80 western Montana (Missoula) high school students as part of the ‘Air Toxics Under the Big Sky’ program during the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 school years. Target analytes were measured using low flow air sampling pumps and sorbent tubes, with analysis of the exposed samples by thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD/GC/MS). The results reported here present the findings of the first indoor/ambient air toxics monitoring program conducted in a semi-rural valley location located in the Northern Rocky Mountain/Western Montana region. …
Invisible Woman, Kristin Deanne Howe
Invisible Woman, Kristin Deanne Howe
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The aim of this paper is to illuminate the ways in which working class women are invisible within the feminist and ecofeminist movements. Using the faces and forces of oppression as presented by Iris Marion Young and Hilde Lindemann, I show how the working class experiences oppression. I also show how oppression based on class differs from that based on gender and how these differences contribute to the invisibility of working class women within feminism. In the second section, I use Val Plumwood and Karen J. Warren’s versions of ecofeminist philosophy to show how working class women are again absent. …
Knowing The Natural World: The Construction Of Knowledge About Evolution In And Out Of The Classroom, Alison Emily Havard Perkins
Knowing The Natural World: The Construction Of Knowledge About Evolution In And Out Of The Classroom, Alison Emily Havard Perkins
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Evolution is a central underlying concept to a significant number of discourses in civilized society, but the complexity of understanding basic tenets of this important theory is just now coming to light. Knowledge about evolution is constructed from both formal and "free-choice" opportunities, like television. Nature programs are commonly considered "educational" by definition, but research indicates the narratives often promote creationist ideas about this important process in biology. I explored how nature programs influenced knowledge construction about evolutionary theory using a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Because misconceptions about evolution are common, I examined how students` conceptual ecologies changed …
Multivariate Statistical Analysis Of Three Crania Housed At The University Of Montana Physical Anthropology Lab, Bonny Marie Christy
Multivariate Statistical Analysis Of Three Crania Housed At The University Of Montana Physical Anthropology Lab, Bonny Marie Christy
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The purpose of this research was to attempt to identify the population affinity of three crania (UMFC 103, 104, and 120), housed at the University of Montana Physical Anthropology Lab, using multivariate statistical analyses. A database collected by Dr. Hanihara and another collected by researchers at the University of Michigan were used for comparative purposes. Multiple populations from both databases were chosen so as to be representative of various Asian, African, Indian, and Native American populations. Two variations of each of the databases were used in the following statistical analyses: principal components analysis and discriminant function analysis. It was shown …
Noninvasive Genetic Sampling Revelas Black Bear Population Dynamics Driven By Changes In Food Productivity, Barbara Mccall
Noninvasive Genetic Sampling Revelas Black Bear Population Dynamics Driven By Changes In Food Productivity, Barbara Mccall
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
I conducted research on the demography of a harvested north Idaho black bear (Ursus americanus) population to determine the underlying dynamics of changes in population abundance, to determine how much these dynamics were driven by variation in food productivity, and to evaluate how these processes could influence inferences based on mark-recapture analysis. In cooperation with Idaho Department of Fish and Game and the USDA Forest Service, I used barb-wire corrals to collect black bear DNA during 2003-2006 in the Purcell Mountains of Idaho. We analyzed these DNA samples to determine the number of uniquely identified individuals in each year, Nu. …
Disordered Eating, Antifat Attitudes, And Barriers To Treatment In College Women From Urban And Rural Areas, Alison Christine Pepper
Disordered Eating, Antifat Attitudes, And Barriers To Treatment In College Women From Urban And Rural Areas, Alison Christine Pepper
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Disordered eating (DE) is associated with physical and emotional consequences. Most incidence studies comparing rates in urban and rural regions are international. Only one examined regional differences within the United States, and no significant differences emerged. Additionally, no investigations focus on DE treatment barriers specific to rural regions. In 106 college women with significant DE patterns, this study investigated weight-based prejudices, system-level barriers, and regional status. Despite no significant regional differences in DE or barriers to treatment, results revealed high prevalence of DE and exposed barriers to DE-treatment among college women. Exploratory analyses supplement the dearth of research focusing on …
Landscape And The Feminine Voice: Reclaiming Identity In The Works Of Maryse Conde, Simone Schwarz-Bart And Andre Schwarz Bart, Kathleen Marie Ruth
Landscape And The Feminine Voice: Reclaiming Identity In The Works Of Maryse Conde, Simone Schwarz-Bart And Andre Schwarz Bart, Kathleen Marie Ruth
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis examines Caribbean literature and its value in establishing identity for Caribbean peoples. The discourse of Caribbean literature as a tool for re-establishing or reclaiming identity is examined, as well as the domination of the male voice throughout Caribbean literature and theory. Through examination of the intimate connection between the feminine and the landscape of the Caribbean, the presence and significance of the female voice is established in the works of Andre Schwarz-Bart, Simone Schwarz-Bart, and Maryse Conde. The recognition of particularity of women’s struggles and the consequent contribution of female authors to Caribbean literature replenish a historiography which …
The Removal And Recovery Of Oxo-Anions From Aqueous Systems Using Nano-Porous Silica Polyamine Composites, Varadharajan Kailasam
The Removal And Recovery Of Oxo-Anions From Aqueous Systems Using Nano-Porous Silica Polyamine Composites, Varadharajan Kailasam
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Environmental contamination due to anthropogenic wastewater discharges containing high concentrations of toxic metals is omnipresent in the environment. Heavy metal ions from manufacturing sources can compromise the integrity of various ecological cycles as well as negatively impacting the health of humans through drinking water and the food chain. Increased levels of well known poisonous metals such as arsenic, selenium, lead and mercury are frequently detected in aqueous wastes. Arsenic and selenium are highly toxic elements to human health and the environment. The Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for both these toxic metals continue to become more and more stringent. Although there …
Biosignature Storage In Sulfate Minerals- Synthetic And Natural Investigations Of The Jarosite Group Minerals, Julia Michelle Kotler
Biosignature Storage In Sulfate Minerals- Synthetic And Natural Investigations Of The Jarosite Group Minerals, Julia Michelle Kotler
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The discovery of jarosite on Mars in 2004 generated increased interest in the properties of the mineral related to the search for life on other planets. Several studies indicate that the formation of jarosite can be linked to biological activity on Earth and biomolecules such as amino acids have been found associated with terrestrial jarosite samples. A series of natural and synthetic investigations using different jarosite end-members has been conducted and is presented in this dissertation to investigate the possibility that jarosite can store biosignatures. Natural samples were analyzed by x-ray diffraction, elemental carbon analysis and laser-desorption Fourier transform mass …
Animal Vegetable Mineral, Eva Lys Champagne
Animal Vegetable Mineral, Eva Lys Champagne
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
There is a radical unity supporting the vast diversity of appearances in nature that makes distinct categorizations like “animal, vegetable or mineral” superficial at best. The unifying element has been called energy, or, as Emerson put it, “thought is the common origin.” This guiding principle, a life spent by the sea, and an enduring fascination with nature’s forms, has resulted in my current body of work. By combining formal references to animals, vegetables and minerals I create intentionally ambiguous ceramic sculptures that seem to exist in the fluid margin between categories. My aim is toward something composite that challenges the …
The Experimental Silicification Of Bacillus Subtilis, Aaron Chase Tenesch
The Experimental Silicification Of Bacillus Subtilis, Aaron Chase Tenesch
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Silica, particularly the stable phase of silica, quartz is chemically and physically resistant to weathering. Microorganisms are commonly incorporated into silica deposits formed by silica precipitation from geothermal fluids that are over saturated with respect to silica. Silica deposits have provided the oldest evidence of life identified on Earth in the form of fossil microorganisms. The first signs of life found beyond Earth may occur as microfossils in silica deposits. Experiments were conducted on the gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis to test the effects of silica concentration, dissolved Fe, and dissolved Al upon silicification processes. Results from initial experiments demonstrated …
Educational Travel And Adolescent Development, Ann Saitow
Educational Travel And Adolescent Development, Ann Saitow
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Educational travel forms the basis for novel learning experiences that enhance adolescent development by enabling students to make choices about their own survival in an unfamiliar setting. This biological adaptation is driven by stimulation of the midbrain which produces high levels of dopamine, the chemical associated with learning. The elements of educational travel that promote sustained adolescent learning are: clear communication, commitment and action, communal trust and respect, maturity developed through assigned responsibilities and exposure to varied life circumstances, flexibility, and transition back to traditional school environments.
The Role Of Small Mammals In The Population Dynamics Of Two Native Grassland Forbs: Lupinus Sericeus And Lithospermum Ruderale, Mary Carolyn Bricker
The Role Of Small Mammals In The Population Dynamics Of Two Native Grassland Forbs: Lupinus Sericeus And Lithospermum Ruderale, Mary Carolyn Bricker
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Although post-dispersal seed predators are common and often reduce seed density, their influence on plant abundance remains unclear. We examined the impact of seed predation by small mammals, primarily deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), on seedling recruitment and plant establishment of two perennial grassland forbs: Lupinus sericeus (Fabaceae) and Lithospermum ruderale (Boraginaceae), using experimental seed addition and rodent exclusion treatments. For both species, small mammal exclusion increased the total number of seedlings that emerged, and these effects were still significant three years after seed addition, resulting in greater numbers of established plants inside exclosures than in control plots. To …
The Role Of The Tumor Suppressor Gene, Nf2, In The Development Of Malignant Mesothelioma, Amy Kay Erbe
The Role Of The Tumor Suppressor Gene, Nf2, In The Development Of Malignant Mesothelioma, Amy Kay Erbe
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The highly aggressive cancer, malignant mesothelioma, responds poorly to available treatment options. As most individuals diagnosed with these tumors succumb to the disease within about 2 years of diagnosis, it is imperative to develop a more thorough understanding of molecular mechanisms of the disease and thus design more suitable therapeutic options. Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) is one of the most commonly inactivated tumor suppressor genes in mesothelioma. The downstream signaling pathways that may be disrupted as a result of this inactivation are not entirely understood. Conversely, the tumor suppressor gene that is often referred to as the "Genome Gatekeeper," TP53, …
Thermodynamics And Kinetics Of Iso-1-Cytochrome C Denatured State, Franco Ollan Tzul
Thermodynamics And Kinetics Of Iso-1-Cytochrome C Denatured State, Franco Ollan Tzul
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Various diseases result from protein misfolding. Curing these conditions requires understanding the principles governing folding. Efforts toward understanding how proteins fold have focused on the transition state rather than the earliest folding events. We study these initial events using the assumption that protein folding must involve the formation of the most primitive structure possible – a simple loop. Our laboratory has developed a system of studying simple loops in the denatured state using c-type cytochromes. New insights into how the properties of these loops impact the denatured state are outlined in this thesis. First, studies on a 22-residue loop revealed …
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Responses To Biochars In Soils - Potential Mechanisms Of Interaction And Observed Responses In Controlled Environments, Daniel Warnock
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Responses To Biochars In Soils - Potential Mechanisms Of Interaction And Observed Responses In Controlled Environments, Daniel Warnock
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The following thesis is a two-part study, investigating the influences of biochar (charcoal) on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The first part of this study is a critical examination and conceptual overview of the literature regarding biochar and AMF available before July 2007. In the second part, I present three experiments all designed to evaluate the influences of biochar applications on AMF abundance in primarily temperate, neutral pH soils. This course of research was selected through an exstensive review of the literature suggesting that biochar presence can strongly affect both soil microbial populations, including mycorrhizal fungi, and biogeochemistry. As both biochar …
The Influence Of Sparc On Collagen Deposition In Asbestos-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis, Aubrey Meghan Smartt
The Influence Of Sparc On Collagen Deposition In Asbestos-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis, Aubrey Meghan Smartt
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Pulmonary fibrosis involves the invasion of lung tissue with fibrotic, scar tissue and affects roughly five million people total worldwide. Fibrotic development in the lung has several causes, including chronic inflammatory diseases, infections, medical compounds, and environmental agents. There is no known cure for the disease, but only therapies to improve quality of life. Scar tissue formation must be targeted in order to begin to provide any type of cure for fibrotic diseases. In this study, asbestos was used to induce pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model and gene expression studies were then performed to identify potential candidate genes involved …
Materiality As The Basis For The Aesthetic Experience In Contemporary Art, Christina Murdoch Mills
Materiality As The Basis For The Aesthetic Experience In Contemporary Art, Christina Murdoch Mills
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
A number of historical philosophical theories relate to materiality in contemporary art and the role of art objects as an extension of ontology, or the study of the nature of being. The Kantian idea of the “aesthetic experience” is the point of departure, tracing philosophical discourse of how art functions via its materiality through the writings of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre and Jacques Maritain to the post-modern considerations of David Hickey and Arthur Danto. The research for this thesis focuses on how contemporary art, in all its various forms, functions via art’s material qualities or materiality. The objective …