Digital Commons Network^™

The Story Of Things, Lucy Elizabeth Capehart

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Capehart, Lucy, M.F.A., Spring 2011 Fine Art The Story of Things Chairperson: Professor Matthew Hamon The Story of Things examines the power of objects to hold narrative and inspire the emotional responses of longing, loss and desire. There is a tendency among humans to gather and save objects that hold personal significance. The most banal object is cherished perhaps kept in a box to be admired on occasion. An earring can symbolize the lost love of a boyfriend, a ticket to a basketball game can mark the day after a father’s funeral or a fingernail brush is a stand in …

Why The Xwisten Crossed The River: Lithic Transport Strategies On The Canadian Plateau, Michael Todd Wanzenried

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

As has been the case for thousands of years a single kind of stone material, referred to by different researchers as arrowstone, basalt, vitreous trachydacite, and/or dacite, provided the majority (often more than 75%) of many lithic assemblages in the Mid- Fraser region of south-western British Columbia. Most explanations for this have largely been insufficient for explaining the differential transport of lithic materials; no one has addressed why, in a lithic rich environment where a variety of jaspers, chalcedonies, and pisolites can be found in relative close proximity to many winter villages, Mid-Fraser foragers would target resources located much further …

Shame, Guilt, Anger, And Seeking Psychological Treatment Among A Trauma Exposed Population, Katrina L. Bratton

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between guilt-proneness, shameproneness, trait anger, PTSD symptoms, and willingness to seek treatment. A sample of 202 introductory psychology students completed questionnaire measures of each of these variables. Based on a self-report measure of PTSD symptoms, the sample was divided into 3 groups: trauma-PTSD group (n = 29); trauma-no PTSD group (n = 72); and a no trauma group (n = 101). Group comparisons revealed a trend that the PTSD group and the no trauma group reported higher levels of shame than the trauma-no PTSD group. The PTSD group also reported …

Evaluation Of Transient Cognitive Changes From Maximal Exertion And Respirator Wear, Sally Martinsen Bardsley

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

A comprehensive occupational respiratory protection program is mandated by federal law to protect workers exposed to breathing hazardous atmospheres. Those wearing respirators and/or performing high-intensity physical work may endure physiological and/or psychological impairment from cardiorespiratory stress, respirator anxiety, and working in hazardous conditions. The effects of multiple stressors may impede or override physiological and psychological adaptation mechanisms, causing cognitive deterioration or disruption when clarity and speed of thought and action are crucial. This study examined transient cognitive differences due to activity, respirator, and gender wear through examination of archival data collected during two studies that evaluated the physiological effects of …

Quantifying Trends In Our National Parks: A Landscape Level Analysis Of Climate Change And Ecosystem Productivity, Jessica R. Haas

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The U.S. National Parks are an integral part of our National Heritage. They are now, more than ever, experiencing threats from outside forces that are difficult to evaluate, such as climate change. The magnitude and direction of change will vary spatially across the landscape, making it difficult for park managers to adopt just one approach to managing for climate change. Therefore, there must be a systematic way to analyze climate trends and the subsequent effects on ecosystems, which is unbiased and useful in varying climates and landscapes. Through robust quantification of the rates of change for key climate variables (temperature, …

Subsistence Change And Emergent Social Inequality In An Early Complex Hunter-Gatherer Winter Village: A Zooarchaeological Assessment Of The Bridge River Site (Eerl4), Middle Fraser B.C., Eric S. Carlson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

ABSTRACT Carlson, Eric S., M.A., Spring 2010 Anthropology Subsistence Change and Emergent Social Inequality in an Early Complex Hunter-Gatherer Winter Village: A Zooarchaeological Assessment of the Bridge River Site (EeRl4), Middle Fraser B.C. Chairperson: Dr. Anna Marie Prentiss Analyses of faunal material from the 2008 excavations at the Bridge River Site (EeRl4) show that reliance on stored anadromous salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) remains the primary food staple from early occupations of the village (1550bp) until its abandonment (1100bp), and indeed intensifies through time. Second, taxonomic diversity in food resources declines through time, signifying a diachronic process of resource specialization. The presence …

Within A School System, How Are The Needs Of The Non-Qualifying Students For Special Education Address, What Supports Are In Place And What Interventions Are Used?, Nancy Ann Terwilliger-Grube

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Each year students are referred for special education evaluations based on teacher concerns of the student's academic progress or the student's success. Once the evaluation is completed and the Child Study Team meeting are held some students qualify for special education services under one of the thirteen disability categories. Other students will not be eligible for services based on one or more of the four categories used for not qualifying for services.

This study investigated what interventions were provided to the students who did not qualify, termed non-qualifying students, in this dissertation. A checklist of interventions for the individuals to …

Disquietude, Pamela A. Caughey

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

ARTIST STATEMENT In a post 9/11 world, the global war on terrorism influences our thinking and casts a perpetual shadow that is inescapable. We live in a state of disquietude. Amidst unspeakable events and traumas, we experience censored media, invasion of privacy in the name of heightened "homeland security," eroded freedom of speech, and constant rhetoric serving the politics of fear. Art in the age of terrorism is an attempt to bring interpretation and meaning to these timely issues by portraying multiple perspectives, which address the philosophical, social, political and cultural interventions that the war against terrorism has created. It …

Recollection, Rebecca Gehres Weed

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Recollect is an investigation of personal histories and myths relative to the experience of time and willful manipulation of said time. Depicted in the traditional medium of oil painting an autobiographical account is laid out. Not in chronological order, nor in any sense depicting actual events, these paintings are an attempt to identify and recreate distinguishing factors in my life. Acquiring a personal mythology is the prerogative of any and all people. History on a global scale has been written and rewritten under the influence of many factors. The factors that cause us to manipulate our own personal pasts are …

Ruffled Feathers: Shared Narratives In The Sage-Grouse Management Conflict In Sublette County, Wyoming, Maureen A. Essen

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The tense conflict over sage grouse management in the West, where livelihoods have been pitted against the possibility of an endangered species listing, has been ongoing for many years and has been described as being as tense as the spotted owl conflict in the Northwest in the 1990s. This research is designed to highlight the different frames or narratives within the sage grouse debate in Sublette County, Wyoming while exploring a resurging research methodology. Q methodology, a method intended to identify distinct viewpoints within a sample was employed to understand the different narratives among these conflict parties. The Q method …

Evaluation Of A Cognitive-Behavioral Mood Management Intervention For Depressed College Smokers, Holly E. Schleicher

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

College smoking correlates positively with depressive symptoms, and given the relation between smoking and mood regulation, cigarette smoking is a major health concern among depressed college smokers. This randomized clinical trial examined smoking reduction and cessation among college smokers with elevated depressive symptoms participating in a group-based multi-component intervention including mood management, behavioral counseling, and motivational enhancement (CBT). Fifty-eight smokers (smoked 6 or more days in the past 30) were randomized to six sessions of the experimental intervention (n = 29) or a nutrition-focused attention-matched control group (CG; n = 29). Relative to CG participants, a significantly greater proportion of …

Burnout In Psychiatric Nursing: Possible Protective Factors, Renee Madathil

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The phenomenon of burnout is composed of feelings of low personal accomplishment, cynical attitudes, and negative self-evaluation and is considered a consequence of experiences at work (Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996). Although employees in several different occupations are likely to experience burnout, nurses are considered to be a high-risk group (Miller, Reesor, McCarrey, & Leikin, 1995). Considering the amount of direct client contact that nurses have, it is important to consider ways in which we can protect this group from experiencing the effects of burnout. Leadership style of supervisors in the setting, and the way the institution fosters autonomy, appear …

Predictors Of Posttraumatic Growth, Shame, And Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Survivors Of Intimate Partner Violence: The Roles Of Social Support And Coping, Nancy-Jane Kimberly Doane

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Research suggests that college students suffer higher rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) than older adults, with between 30 and 60 percent experiencing one or more violent events by their intimates (O'Hearn & Margolin, 2000). Unfortunately, IPV can result in severe psychological complications, including depression, anxiety, problems with interpersonal relationships, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and shame (Coker et al., 2002; Coker et al., 2003; Kaura & Lohman, 2007; Taylor, 2003). However, research indicates that certain religious and general coping styles and social support can serve as resilience factors, buffering victims from the negative consequences of IPV (Bosch & Schumm, 2004; …

Expanding The Role Of Criterion A2 In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Daniel Evan Dewey

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric construct that refers to symptoms that may follow exposure to a traumatic event. The current definition of a traumatic event differentiates between the objective event, criterion A1, and an individual’s subjective response, criterion A2. This study investigated the importance of criterion A2 and other intense negative emotions in the development of PTSD. Self-report measures were used to determine the presence or absence of the event criteria A1 and A2, PTSD symptoms, and intensity of emotion type at the time of an event. Criterion A2 emotions at the time of the event were associated with …

Do Traditional Sociological Variables Apply The Same In American Indian Communities? A Comparison Of The Effects Of Social Disorganization, Social Bond, And Social Learning Variables On Delinquency And Substance Use Among Merican Indian, White, And Other Race Youth, Wendy Linn Running Crane

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The history and current situations of American Indians are unique and important arenas to forward the study of crime and delinquency. There may be no better group available to study the combined effects of concentrated disadvantage, social disorganization, and abrupt societal change than the modern day American Indian community. But do traditional variables constructed to test sociological theories fit the study of this population? Findings from hypotheses testing the differences in overall effects of social control, social disorganization, social bonding, and social learning variables on delinquency and substance use suggest that there are differences in their ability to account for …

Factors Influencing The Face Validity Of Effort Tests: Timing Of Warning And Feedback, Haley Gail Trontel

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The assessment of client effort during neuropsychological evaluation is of high importance. Two experiments were designed to assess factors that may influence effort testing during neuropsychological assessment. Participants for both experiments were undergraduate students without a history of neurological conditions, mental health concerns, or current problems with alcohol or drug use. The goal of Experiment 1 was to determine whether the timing of a warning that some tests may detect faking would influence (the face validity of and performance on) effort and standard neuropsychological measures. All participants were administered the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) and Memory for Complex Pictures …

Fierce Flames And The Golden Lotus: Case Studies On The Madness And Creativity Connection, Reuben Jay Swindall

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

A historical/biographical analysis of the connection between creativity and a variety of psychoses including: syphilis, epilepsy, schizophenia and manic-depression/bi-polar disorder. The figures examined are Gustave Flaubert, Hector Berlioz, Friedrich Nietzsche, Rainer Maria Rilke, Virginia Woolf and Sylvia Plath.

Geographilia In Children's Urban Spaces: Investigating How Children Explore Outdoor Places And Connect With Natural Objects., Jeanine Sandra Garella

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

ABSTRACT Garella, Jeanine Sandra, M.A., Autumn 2010 Geography Geographilia in Children’s Urban Spaces: Investigating How Children Explore Outdoor Places and Connect With Natural Objects Chairperson: Jeffrey A. Gritzner The benefits children receive from outdoor play time are well documented by scholars across many disciplines. Interacting within an unstructured natural setting can foster physical, social, emotional, and spiritual growth. The lessons learned in such an environment not only help children reach developmental milestones; they also play an important role in the formation of beliefs and attitudes used in decision-making processes later in life. This is a significant point to make when …

Human-Black Bear Interactions In Missoula Montana, Jerod A. Merkle

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The increasing frequency and distribution of human-wildlife interactions is a direct result of a growing human footprint worldwide. Specifically, the effects of urbanization can be significant for many species, including American black bears (Ursus americanus). Human-black bear interactions (HBI) resulting in property damage, injury or death to humans, or fear of injury or death to humans are increasing in number and extent throughout North America, and wildlife management agencies are interested in reversing this trend. Using a case study of HBI in Missoula, Montana, my objectives were to examine temporal patterns of human behaviors and attitudes regarding HBI, develop a …

Uncertainty Monitoring In Sprague-Dawley Rats (Rattus Norvegicus), Leslie Anne Angel

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Comparative psychologists have explored the metacognitive capabilities of rhesus monkeys, a capuchin monkey, an orangutan, a dolphin, pigeons, and rats. Previous research with rats has demonstrated inconsistent results (Foote & Crystal, 2007; Smith & Schull, 1989). In the current study, two Sprague-Dawley rats were tested in a tone-length discrimination task in which they were prompted to press one of two levers indicating "short" or "long" depending on the duration of a tone. They also had the option to opt out of some trials. If the subjects knew when they did not know the answer to the task, they were expected …

Irrigators' Vulnerability To Drought In The Flathead River Basin, Montana, Joel Brown Stephen

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Irrigation has traditionally been used to buffer the effects of drought in agricultural communities. However, drought events can still lead to drought damage for irrigators by reducing irrigation water supplies, increasing crop water demand, and creating habitats for invasive pests and weeds. Further, drought will be increasingly problematic in irrigated areas as climate change continues to affect global climates and water resources. The Flathead River basin contains substantial areas of irrigated agriculture including the 128,000 acre Flathead Irrigation Project (FIP). The FIP is the largest irrigation project in Montana as well as the largest of the 16 Bureau of Indian …

The Effects Of Brief Psychoeducation On Adolescents' Depressive Symptoms And Perceptions Of Parenting, Mallory Mcbride

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Adolescent depression is a mental health disorder that occurs during the teenage years and involves chronic and persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in usual activities, as well as a broad range of additional physical and emotional symptoms. These maladaptive symptoms have repercussions across all areas of adolescents' functioning. One area that is affected when an adolescent is depressed is how the adolescent perceives his/her world, experiences, and situations. Research demonstrates that depressed adolescents are likely to perceive a wide variety of events and situations in overly negative ways, including their parents' parental styles and behaviors. One avenue …

The Effects Of Massage On Mood State, Range Of Motion, Sports Performance, And Perceived Performance, Rebecca Jane Guest

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Introduction: Sports massage is commonly used to treat pain, soreness, and stiffness related to sports injury and training, as well as for injury prevention. Believed to increase blood flow, decrease swelling, reduce muscle tension, and increase a sense of well-being, massage is a widely used manual therapy across the world. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a twenty-minute sports massage on mood state, range of motion, sports performance, and perceived performance. Methods: This repeated measures study consisted of passive recovery and massage recovery trials. Baseline testing included the Profile of Mood States questionnaire, range …

The Faithful Skeptics: Conservative Christian Religious Beliefs And Perceptions Of Climate Change, Wylie Allen Carr

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Global climate change presents one of the most challenging ecological and social problems facing the world today. In order to prevent potentially harmful ecological and social impacts from rising global average temperatures, Americans will need to drastically reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by 2050; our willingness to do so though is questionable as opinion poll data suggests that addressing climate change remains an extremely low priority for most Americans. Social scientists from across a variety of disciplines have suggested a number of reasons why this may be case; however very few have focused on the ways that religious beliefs are …

The Value Of A Neighborhood School: The Story Of Paxson Elementary, Missoula, Montana, Tina K. Erickson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The planning, management and administration of public schools in the United States has been largely ignored by professional planners. School siting issues rarely involve an urban planner’s perspective. In recent years there has been an increase in community participation in planning issues and planners have come to realize that people have valuable perspectives concerning issues of community design. Planners are beginning to take note of what has long been portrayed by environmental psychologists: people’s attachment to place is important to their engagement in their community. The complexity of community planning is such that the planners need to draw upon various …

Creating The Carrot, Ronald Sean O'Leary

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

O’Leary, Ronald, M.A., Summer 2010: Integrated Arts and Education Introducing Media Arts as a Motivational and Educational Tool Chairperson: Richard Hughes Drawing from a wide swath of fine arts disciplines, this project effectively deals with pulling music, movement, creative writing, video and collaborative learning experiences together. Leading other teachers in the direction of media arts is the additional goal, which continues to be a monumental challenge in the face of working with very difficult students at the Yellowstone Academy. The Yellowstone Academy is a K-12 school, which serves the Yellowstone Boys and Girl’s Ranch (a treatment center for emotionally disturbed …

Accessibility, Affordability, And Flexibility: The Relationship Of Selected State Sociopolitical Factors And The Participation Of Adults In Public Two-Year Colleges, Joe Schaffer

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This non-experimental, quantitative study examined the extent selected state sociopolitical factors relate to adult participation in public two-year colleges, and assessed how Montana compares to those states enrolling the most adult students. Utilizing archived data from the National Center for Education Statistics' (NCES) Integrated Post-Secondary Education Data System (IPEDS), the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey, and the National Association of State Grant and Aid Programs (NASSGAP) annual survey, a cross-sectional sampling for the United States from 2003, 2005, and 2007 was analyzed to examine how eight sociopolitical factors (independent variables) influenced adult participation (dependent variable) in public two-year colleges. …

Post-Course Environmental Behavior Change Of Wild Rockies Field Institute Participants, Theodore Rosenberger Morrison

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In light of the environmental crisis facing the world, the need for citizens to behave in an environmentally responsible manner is critical to finding lasting solutions. After conducting and analyzing 20 in-depth interviews with alumni of the Wild Rockies Field Institute (WRFI), this study found that despite elevated pre-course levels of environmentally responsible behavior most participants reported an increased level of post course environmental behavior change. Post-course impacts ranged from a change of, or further investment in academic and career goals, lifestyle choices, empowerment, ethical development and political activity. Participants reported these outcomes were influenced by a variety of course …

An Exploratory Analysis Of Health Insurance Decisions Among Rural Western Montana Small Business Owners, Rebecca Esther Goe

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

For decades small business owners have been struggling to offer health insurance to their employees. Health insurance reform has been an issue of contention over the last few decades, culminating in the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on March 23,2010. One measure policy makers took to increase access to health insurance was to provide incentives to small business owners to offer health insurance. However, prior research has indicated that economic incentives alone do not guarantee the provision of health insurance coverage by small business owners. Previous research has rarely examined the noneconomic (social/cultural) factors behind why …

Bending Gen(Re)Der: A Negotiation Of Identity Through Language In Helene Cixous And The Self, Marley Mckenna

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Bending Gen(re)der: The Negotiation of Identity through Language in Hélène Cixous and the Self analyses the French author Hélène Cixous and her most recently published book, Love Itself in the Letterbox. The book cannot be said to fit into a specific genre but moves through a series of musings surrounding her personal history with France, New York, authors she has been influenced by, her relationship with mother, and most often the contemplation of her lover. Cixous’ use of ecriture feminine (women’s writing) layers the writing to create a playful, confusing, incongruent body of work in an attempt to subvert the …