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A Preliminary Analysis Of Saw Mark Degeneration In Bone Due To The Application Of Hydrated Calcium Oxide, Heidi Lynne Johnson
A Preliminary Analysis Of Saw Mark Degeneration In Bone Due To The Application Of Hydrated Calcium Oxide, Heidi Lynne Johnson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The use of calcium oxide (lime) in both agricultural and burial customs has been seen since the Iron Age. Due to this usage, the myth stating that the application of this chemical will expedite the complete destruction of human remains developed. This myth, in conjunction to historical and contemporary instances of its usage related to criminal activities has demonstrated a need to better understand the interactions of this chemical with bony tissue, particularly as it relates to saw cutmarks. Using pig elements as proxies for human remains, this research aims to systematically examine the degenerative effects resulting from the application …
The Role Of Dispositions In Teacher Candidate Education, William Alexander Kinderwater
The Role Of Dispositions In Teacher Candidate Education, William Alexander Kinderwater
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The Interstate Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (InTASC) and the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP) (formerly NCATE) have stated that teacher preparation programs must enact formal processes for monitoring and assessing the essential knowledge, skills, and forty-three critical dispositions of teacher candidates. While the monitoring and assessment of knowledge and skills appears to be well understood and confidently applied, dispositions do not. This study evaluated the claim that the monitoring and assessment of dispositions are confounded by: (1) ambiguous language and a lack of explicit definition of `dispositions', and (2) that moral knowing cannot predict moral action. …
A Comprehensive Literature Review Of American Sexual Assault Culture And The Status Of Women's Self-Defense, Jennifer Ann Just
A Comprehensive Literature Review Of American Sexual Assault Culture And The Status Of Women's Self-Defense, Jennifer Ann Just
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
According to the National Organization for Women (NOW), 232,960 American women were raped or sexually assaulted in 2006, equating to more than 600 women daily (2012). American women furthermore experience about 4.8 million intimate partner-related physical assaults and rapes each year (NOW, 2012). Violence toward women is also evident on American college and university campuses. The U.S. National Institute of Justice (NIJ), for example, states that 35 of every 1,000 female students are victims of rape—either completed or attempted—in a given nine-month academic year (National Institute of Justice, 2005). With more than 600 women being raped daily, the pervasiveness of …
A Longitudinal Exploration Of Factors Impacting Outcomes For Native American Students Participating In Cbits: Looking Beyond Quantitative Analysis, Kathrine Irene Butler Hepler
A Longitudinal Exploration Of Factors Impacting Outcomes For Native American Students Participating In Cbits: Looking Beyond Quantitative Analysis, Kathrine Irene Butler Hepler
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Very few studies have addressed treatment outcomes for Native American youth, and none have qualitatively explored factors that may differentiate children in this population who benefit from intervention and children whose symptoms appear to remain unchanged or worsen. One area of particular interest is the treatment of PTSD, as epidemiological studies demonstrate a markedly elevated lifetime risk for trauma exposure and the development of PTSD in Native Americans. Interventions that utilize exposure and response prevention as a primary component have the best empirical evidence for alleviating symptoms of PTSD. One such intervention is Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools …
Tourism On A Scenic Byway: Destination Image And Economic Impacts Of The Beartooth Highway, Jacob Daniel Jorgenson
Tourism On A Scenic Byway: Destination Image And Economic Impacts Of The Beartooth Highway, Jacob Daniel Jorgenson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Many tourism destination managers know who their visitors are and how they are perceived by them. However, when new destinations begin to take shape, understanding these perceptions and meeting the expectations of visitors can be a difficult task. Destination image provides the ability to explore the perceptions of visitors at a tourism place. One such place the Beartooth Highway in south-central Montana and north-central Wyoming is a scenic byway that reaches nearly 11,000 feet in elevation. Previously, little to no research has been conducted regarding travelers that frequent this region. The purpose of this study was to understand the destination …
Relationships Between Childhood Trauma And Eating Pathology, Lindsay Katherine Crosby
Relationships Between Childhood Trauma And Eating Pathology, Lindsay Katherine Crosby
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Past research has demonstrated that a correlation exists between trauma exposure and eating disorder pathology. Specifically, sexual abuse has been implicated in the development of eating disorders, with particular attention focused on bulimia nervosa. However, the relationship between other types of trauma exposure and eating pathology has yet to be delineated, particularly how different types of trauma exposure may be related to disordered eating behaviors. The current study explored this relationship. Results showed while some experiences of trauma history predicted a proportion of the variance associated with disordered eating behaviors, others showed a positive but not significant correlation. Clinical implications, …
Safety In Numbers? The Effect Of Increasing Numbers Of Bicycle Commuters On Bicycle-Automobile Collisions, Luke Anderson
Safety In Numbers? The Effect Of Increasing Numbers Of Bicycle Commuters On Bicycle-Automobile Collisions, Luke Anderson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The idea that increasing the numbers of bicycle and pedestrians in an area lowers the automobile collision risk for individual cyclists and pedestrians is called the safety in numbers effect. This paper applies the safety in numbers effect to bicycling and pedestrian commuters in California cities from 2005 to 2011. The results indicate that cities with 10% more bicycle commuters will only see about 6% more collisions between cyclists and automobiles and thus have a lower average risk to bicycle commuters. These results are similar to those found by Jacobson (2003) although this study uses a multiple regression analysis on …
Surviving Probation: The Challenges Sexual Offenders Are Faced With In Mainstream Society, Krystal Stevenson
Surviving Probation: The Challenges Sexual Offenders Are Faced With In Mainstream Society, Krystal Stevenson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
"Society sees us [sexual offenders] as terrible people. Either lock us up or kill us. They don't want us in their community." Sexual offenders are seen as some of the most repulsive criminals through society's eyes. The term "sexual offender" encompasses many different types of people with regards to their crime, but society sees all sexual offenders as child molesters. This causes an over-whelming problem for sexual offenders, specifically in terms of housing, since there are many restrictions on where they can live. Legislation is implementing housing restrictions to prevent these criminals from re-offending, but in some cases, it can …
Alliance And Outcomes In Counseling Canadian Aboriginal Peoples, Sidney Shaw
Alliance And Outcomes In Counseling Canadian Aboriginal Peoples, Sidney Shaw
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This study evaluated predictors of outcome in counseling with Canadian Aboriginal peoples. Participants in the study included 373 Canadian Aboriginal clients receiving outpatient counseling at Calgary Counselling Centre in Alberta, Canada between October 2004 and November 2011. Outcome in this study was measured using the Outcome Questionnaire 45 (OQ-45) and predictor variables consisted of client demographics, counselor training level, and client ratings of the therapeutic alliance. The alliance was measured using the Session Rating Scale (SRS). Outcome variables, as measured by the OQ-45, were most often analyzed categorically and consisted of four different possible categories of change as measured from …
Diagnosis Threat In Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Renee Madathil
Diagnosis Threat In Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Renee Madathil
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurological condition currently defined by the American Psychological Association as "a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity" (APA, 2000, p. 85). Currently, there is no DSM-IV diagnosis for ADHD in adults, although some researchers estimate that approximately 50-80% of childhood cases of ADHD carry on into adolescence and adulthood (Barkley, Fischer, Smallish, & Fletcher, 2002). Obtaining an accurate estimation is prevented by several factors, including a lack of an objective diagnostic test for ADHD (Stefanatos & Baron, 2007). One construct that has not been well studied in ADHD populations is the effect of negative …
A Qualitative Study Of Returning Study Abroad Students: The Critical Role Of Reentry Support Programs, Raquel Alexandra Arouca
A Qualitative Study Of Returning Study Abroad Students: The Critical Role Of Reentry Support Programs, Raquel Alexandra Arouca
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Reentry Shock had been studied through psychological symptoms and inter-relationship problems. Previous research also focused on quantitative data of post-experience questionnaires. This dissertation examines how reentry support programs help students during the reentry process and how participants integrate the study abroad experience into their academic careers. A case study methodology was employed and qualitative data was gathered from eight students who volunteered to participate in two 90 minute workshops and an individual interview. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze the data with NVivo. Thematic analysis revealed a reentry process where students became aware of: a) the different ways …
Working Memory Capacity Training And The Effect On Reading Comprehension, Numerical Reasoning, And Vocational Progress, David Evans Johnson
Working Memory Capacity Training And The Effect On Reading Comprehension, Numerical Reasoning, And Vocational Progress, David Evans Johnson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
An individual’s working memory capacity determines their ability to control attention and discard irrelevant and interfering information in large environments. It also plays an important part in information processing of goal-relevant tasks. It is important to study the ways in which learners can augment the capacity of an important cognitive construct and investigate the potential benefits to improving attention, reasoning, and comprehension. In educational settings, students actively seek help from assistance programs that target academic performance. However, it is often the case that this assistance comes in the form of a targeted specific skill that is focused on a particular …
Three Facets Of Pau Casals' Musical Legacy, Silvia Maria Lazo
Three Facets Of Pau Casals' Musical Legacy, Silvia Maria Lazo
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Pau Casals (1876-1973, better known to American audiences as Pablo Casals) was a notable Catalan cellist, conductor and composer, also widely known as a humanitarian. He was raised in El Vendrell, a small village in Catalonia (Spain). He went into exile in Prades, France in 1939, towards the end of the Spanish Civil War, subsequently relocating to Puerto Rico in 1957. In October 1945, following the end of World War II, the lack of Allied intervention in Spain ignited Casals' international artistic boycott, wherein Casals vowed not to perform in any country recognizing General Francisco Franco's regime. To date, a …
The Brave Heart Society: An Oral History Of An Indigenous Women's Society, Brook Spotted Eagle
The Brave Heart Society: An Oral History Of An Indigenous Women's Society, Brook Spotted Eagle
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This study examines the Brave Heart Society and the ways in which Brave Heart women collectively approaches trauma-healing outside of the programmatic structures of federally funded tribal systems. National statistics speak to the contemporary struggles impacting most US Indigenous populations in the present-day. Such struggles are residual symptoms rooted in a long history of domination and US imperialism. These data indicate that most tribes have not fully recovered from federally imposed systems of deprivation. Within the context of the Ihanktonwan Dakota community in southeastern South Dakota, the nuanced ways in which trauma impedes development and community wellness is both realized …
A Synthetic Spring, John Metcalf
A Synthetic Spring, John Metcalf
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
i. A Synthetic Spring will be to serve the public as an encounter rather than an art object. ii. The actual event will be free and open to the public, and will only last two hours. iii. The aim is to create something precious and rare. This exclusiveness is a reaction to the twenty-first century’s fascination with identity through the online appearance, the viral video, the text message, the twitter posting, the sound byte, the Internet meme, binge online shopping, etc. iv. In the greater scope, the event will technically begin with the use of promotion several months before the …
I Have An Enemy And I Am Glad: An Evaluation Of The Effects Enemyship Has On The Individual, Laura Janelle Gornick
I Have An Enemy And I Am Glad: An Evaluation Of The Effects Enemyship Has On The Individual, Laura Janelle Gornick
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Despite its prevalence in popular culture, little research has specifically investigated the topic of enemyship and how it affects our lives. This research proposes to fill that gap by focusing on the effects involved with claiming to have an enemy. Specifically, this research introduces a theory of "optimal enemyship" which suggests that (1) there are both positive and negative psychological consequences for having an enemy, and (2) there are specific circumstances that maximize the positive benefits of enemyship. The focus of this research is to assess when "optimal enemyship" occurs by looking at characteristics of both the enemyship relationship and …
‘Planting The Seeds Of Educational Change’ Indigenous Voices, Multicultural Education, And The Us Democratic Ideal, Miranda Crystal Laber
‘Planting The Seeds Of Educational Change’ Indigenous Voices, Multicultural Education, And The Us Democratic Ideal, Miranda Crystal Laber
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
‘Planting the Seeds of Educational Change’ Indigenous Voices, Multicultural Education, and the US Democratic Ideal An Exploration of the Potential Roles and Influences of Indigenous Voices in Education on Collective Perceptions of Truth and Democracy
Is Gun Crime Learned? Social Learning Theory And Guns, Krista Pearl Caffrey
Is Gun Crime Learned? Social Learning Theory And Guns, Krista Pearl Caffrey
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This study examines the relationship between specific childhood experiences and the use of guns in crime in a sample of incarcerated males in American prisons. Two specific childhood experiences are examined: exposure to violence in the home and exposure to guns in the home. Utilizing social learning theory, I argue that adult male felons who used guns in the commission of crimes will have had greater levels of exposure to violence and exposure to guns in their childhood home. Using a data set collected by sociologists James Wright and Peter Rossi, I conducted a binary logistic regression to determine the …
The Constitution Of Queer Identity In The 1972 Apa Panel, "Psychiatry: Friend Or Foe To Homosexuals? A Dialogue", Dustin Vern Edward Schneider
The Constitution Of Queer Identity In The 1972 Apa Panel, "Psychiatry: Friend Or Foe To Homosexuals? A Dialogue", Dustin Vern Edward Schneider
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis offers a rhetorical criticism of two speeches delivered from a 1972 panel at the American Psychiatric Association (APA): Franklin Kameny’s “Gay, Proud and Healthy” and John Fryer’s “I am a Homosexual.” Both speeches seek to challenge heteronormative constructions of homosexuality through the construction of a positive homosexual identity. Kameny’s speech uses an extensive set of metaphors to deconstruct the sickness theory of homosexual, challenge the role psychiatrists should play in society, re-conceptualize sexuality, and empower homosexual identity. Fryer’s speech enacts a constitutive rhetoric through the use of consciousness raising strategies and a collective coming out narrative which creates …
Information Seeking Sources Of Education Policy Makers, Shannon Louise O'Brien
Information Seeking Sources Of Education Policy Makers, Shannon Louise O'Brien
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The information seeking sources of education policy makers was examined in an effort to reveal informed approaches toward minimizing the gap in communication and understanding between education policy makers and educators. Quantitative data were collected from state legislators (n=194) throughout the United States, including background information and information seeking frequencies from ten different sources. Analyses of the nonparametric data using the Kruskal-Wallis, Bonferroni, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon methods showed statistically significant differences in the information seeking sources of education policy makers based on independent groups including: education committee membership and leadership on that committee, gender, party affiliation and experience level. Additionally, …
Performing At The Block: Scripting Early Modern Executions, Jennifer Lillian Lodine-Chaffey
Performing At The Block: Scripting Early Modern Executions, Jennifer Lillian Lodine-Chaffey
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis explores the executions of noble men and women in Tudor and early Jacobean England and the theatrical representations of executions that mirrored real life spectacles of deadly punishment. Historical scaffold confessions followed a formulaic pattern and condemned traitors performed their final moments before a crowd of witnesses with the power to judge the quality of the actor’s deportment, costuming and words. As a public stage, the scaffold allowed the traitor a chance to assert and define his or her own individuality in the face of death and formulaic requirements, which I outline in the first chapter. Dramatic representations …
Queer Panic In Native American Literature, Theodore Cecil Decelles
Queer Panic In Native American Literature, Theodore Cecil Decelles
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Indigenous American sexual minorities and alternatively gendered voices went underground due to Eurowestern sexual colonization from the time of the conquistador invasions of the early 16th century to the political campaigns of cultural homogenization of the mid-20th century. A cultural distortion still exists in the postcolonial era. In the past many North American indigenous nations had culturally specific sexualities and genders that reflected the cultural heterogeneity of the Americas. Today cultural assimilation negatively affects queer Native Americans, and culturally imported attitudes of homophobia are reflected in Native American literature. An interdisciplinary approach must be used to study the cultural distortion …
Reconceiving Romantic Agency: A Question Concerning Its Extent, Richard Edward Swatek
Reconceiving Romantic Agency: A Question Concerning Its Extent, Richard Edward Swatek
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This professional paper investigates and questions the extent to which romantic love is a matter of agency. Toward this end, I draw a distinction between two contrasting conceptions of romantic love—the “agent-external” conception and the “agent-centered” conception. In this paper I make the assumption that the agent-external conception is pervasive and commonplace in contemporary culture, and that it conceives of romantic love as being involuntary and without agency. My investigation then questions the accuracy of this agent-external conception by juxtaposing it with what I consider to be an agent-centered conception of romantic love. An agent-centered conception, I claim, conceives of …
Color/Shape/Form/Space, Brett James Hargesheimer
Color/Shape/Form/Space, Brett James Hargesheimer
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Color/Shape/Form/Space begins at its title. The show is named with the same directness that I want the work to have: accessible, ready for consumption. Stripped of unnecessary information, the exhibition’s title needed to match the work itself, which expresses minimalistic tendencies, avoiding the superfluous. Everything needed to be consciously put together to operate as a well-designed whole. Simple and clear. It is the age that we live in that prompts me to be so forthright. Our present is defined by attention deficit digital connectivity. Accessibility and information sharing are rampant. With the possibilities being seemingly endless, it is an exciting …
Silent Sentinels: Archaeology, Magic, And The Gendered Control Of Domestic Boundaries In New England, 1620-1725, C. Riley Auge
Silent Sentinels: Archaeology, Magic, And The Gendered Control Of Domestic Boundaries In New England, 1620-1725, C. Riley Auge
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The following dissertation is an historical archaeological study of the material culture of gendered protective magic used by Anglo-Europeans in seventeenth-century New England as a tactic to construct boundaries that mitigated perceived personal, social, spiritual, and environmental dangers. Such boundary construction was paramount in the seventeenth-century battle between good and evil epitomized by the belief in and struggle against witchcraft. This dissertation sought to answer three interrelated research questions: 1) What constitutes protective magical material culture in seventeenth-century contexts and how is it recognizable in the archaeological record? 2) What signifies gender specific protective magical practices and what can these …
Expanding, Refining, And Replicating Research On High School Gay-Straight Student Alliances And Sexual Minority Youth, Nicholas Christopher Heck
Expanding, Refining, And Replicating Research On High School Gay-Straight Student Alliances And Sexual Minority Youth, Nicholas Christopher Heck
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Sexual minority youth are at-risk for engaging in negative health behaviors and for experiencing at-school victimization. Specific benefits of attending a high school with a gay-straight student alliance (GSA), including lower risk for suicide, fewer alcohol problems and lower levels of psychological distress, have been reported. Limitations in the previous research studies, especially the use of retrospective designs, small sample sizes, and samples limited to a single geographic region, call into question the generalizability of these benefits. In an effort to overcome the aforementioned limitations, this analysis of data from 316 sexual minority high school students identified individual/family-, community-, and …
Measuring Visual Literacy Ability In Graduate Level Pre-Service Teachers, Teresa Farrell
Measuring Visual Literacy Ability In Graduate Level Pre-Service Teachers, Teresa Farrell
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Farrell, Teresa, Ed.D., August 2013 Curriculum and Instruction Measuring Visual Literacy Ability in Graduate Level Pre-service Teachers Chairperson: Dr. Marian J. McKenna The field of visual literacy has been active since its inception in 1969 by John Debes and members of various fields of study such as science, mathematics, psychology, education, and the arts forming the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA). Recognizing that modern society is increasingly visual by nature, and with the advances in digital technologies, visual literacy is becoming an area of critical importance in education. Although much work has been done within the field to define it …
Assessment Of Public Land Values And A Comparison Amongst Nonresident Outdoor Recreationists In Montana, Megan Michele Tanner
Assessment Of Public Land Values And A Comparison Amongst Nonresident Outdoor Recreationists In Montana, Megan Michele Tanner
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Recent data shows that three quarters of nonresident vacationers to Montana are primarily attracted to characteristics of public lands such as national parks, mountains and forests, and open space. Thirty-five percent of Montana is public land, therefore understanding what values those visitors have for these public lands is very important and has not been analyzed in previous research. This study used panel survey methodology to identify a set of respondents who are not Montana residents but have visited the state. One component of the study used Borrie, Freimund, and Davenport’s National Parks Values Scale and Winter’s Natural Area Values Scale, …
Chronic Trauma Effects On Personality Trait Trajectory In Police Officers, Jennifer Leigh Wills
Chronic Trauma Effects On Personality Trait Trajectory In Police Officers, Jennifer Leigh Wills
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The impact of chronic trauma exposure on personality trajectories over time was examined in a sample of urban police officers. Scores from a personality measure taken in pre-hire psychological evaluations were compared with follow up scores administered for this study five to ten years later. An urban police agency of approximately 1000 commissioned police officers agreed to allow its officers to be recruited as participants. The consulting psychologist who performed the agency’s pre-hire psychological evaluations during the applicable period supplied historical data with participant consent and agency approval. Personality change between the two times was analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis, …
Examining The Impact Of Hepatitis C In Montana: A Descriptive Case Study, Blair Rice Snyder
Examining The Impact Of Hepatitis C In Montana: A Descriptive Case Study, Blair Rice Snyder
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The purpose of this study was to gather information about how Hepatitis C (HCV) affects Montanans. Montana specific information was collected about HCV transmission; factors influencing transmission; physical, social and psychological effects of having HCV and undergoing treatment; barriers to prevention and treatment; current available resources to those infected with HCV and ways to improve prevention and treatment. Secondary data consisted of a comprehensive literature review to describe the above factors and epidemiological information. Primary data was collected through key informant interviews and summary reports completed by people living with HCV. The findings suggest that HCV is primarily transmitted through …