Digital Commons Network^™

A Look At Labor Law In The Land Down Under: Industrial Relations In Australia, David S. Bogen

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Congressional Regulation Of Federal Courts' Jurisdiction And Processes: United States V. Klein Revisited, Gordon G. Young

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of Limited Publication In The United States Courts Of Appeals: The Price Of Reform, William L. Reynolds, William M. Richman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

"Twisting Slowly In The Wind": A Search For Constitutional Limits On Coercion Of The Criminal Defendant, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

In the corridor outside Courtroom Four, Foster Clark approached the prosecutor. "I was wondering," he said, "are we really going to have to try this case?"

"Well," the prosecutor said, "that depends. He's dead on and gone to heaven, if that's what you mean. He doesn't have a prayer."

"I was wondering if we could work something out," Clark said. "I haven't really had a chance to talk with him, but I was wondering."

"So talk to him," the prosecutor said. "Find out where he stands, and call me."

* * *

"Look," the prosecutor said, "you know I can't …

"No Soul To Damn: No Body To Kick": An Unscandalized Inquiry Into The Problem Of Corporate Punishment, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

Did you ever expect a corporation to have a conscience, when it has no soul to be damned, and no body to be kicked?
—Edward, First Baron Thurlow 1731-1806

The Lord Chancellor of England quoted above was neither the first nor the last judge to experience frustration when faced with a convicted corporation. American sentencing judges are likely to face a similar dilemma with increasing frequency in the near future, for a number of signs indicate that corporate prosecutions will become increasingly commonplace. At first glance, the problem of corporate punishment seems perversely insoluble: moderate fines do not deter, …

Our Perfect Constitution, Henry Paul Monaghan

Faculty Scholarship

Professor Monaghan takes issue with "due substance" theorists, who view the Constitution as protecting rights and values generated by current conceptions of political morality. In this Article, he examines and criticizes the theories advanced to justify looking to those current conceptions as an acceptable mode of reasoning about constitutional meaning. Professor Monaghan's own view is that the proper mode of ascertaining constitutional meaning is one that looks to original intent and precedent, a view that acknowledges the Constitution does not guarantee perfect government.

Reflections On Felony-Murder, George P. Fletcher

Faculty Scholarship

Of all the reforms proposed by the Model Penal Code, perhaps none has been less influential than the Model Code's recommendation on the perennial problem of felony-murder. As found in our nineteenth-century criminal codes, the rule has several variations. The basic scheme is to hold the accused liable for murder if the killing is connected in any way with the attempt to commit a felony or the flight from the scene of a felony. It does not matter whether the accused or an accomplice causes the death. Nor does it matter whether the killing occurs accidentally and non-negligently. According to …

Punishment And Compensation, George P. Fletcher

Faculty Scholarship

When novelists and philosophers turn to the work of lawyers, they tend to gravitate toward certain issues and ignore others. Two processes-punishment and compensation-lie at the heart of our legal system, but only the former has drawn the attention of literary and philosophical minds.

The issues of wrongdoing, guilt, and expiation are of endless fascination not only for Dostoevsky and Dürrenmatt, but for any writer who seeks to fathom the foundations of our moral life. For philosophers, the concept of punishment has become a proving ground of the even broader conflict between deontological and utilitarian moral theories. Deontologists hold that …

Conflicts Of Law And Morality – Institutions Of Amelioration, Kent Greenawalt

Faculty Scholarship

In his rich, intricate, and wise examination of themes from the Crito, A. D. Woozley explores Socrates' proposal, put in the mouth of the personified laws of Athens, that the duty of a citizen is to obey a law or to persuade society that the law is wrong. If this position is understood to permit disobedience and attempted persuasion after a law is adopted, one of its implications is that on some occasions when people intentionally break the law, those who administer the law may properly decline to impose the stipulated punishment, because they believe that disobedience was justified. Suggesting …

Monrad G. Paulsen, Michael I. Sovern

Faculty Scholarship

Nothing made Monrad happier than bringing together two people he loved whose lives had not previously intersected and seeing a new friendship blossom. I owe some of the most satisfying relationships of my life to that wonderful taste. And I see its fruits all over this room today. Monrad would be overjoyed if he could see us all together.

From Tort To Crime: Some Reflections On The Criminalization Of Fiduciary Breaches And The Problematic Line Between Law And Ethics, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

Within the context of mail and wire fraud prosecutions, criminal liability for breach of fiduciary duties is being imposed with increasing frequency. Professor Coffee discusses the disturbing failure of the courts to require that the fiduciary's conduct have caused legally cognizable harm to the beneficiary. He concludes that an affirmative defense should be available to fiduciaries to show the lack of proximate cause between a breach and the injury. In addition, federal enforcement should occur only after state and private remedies have proven inadequate.

Rules Of Legal Ethics The Drafting Task, Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Union Waiver Of Employee Rights Under The Nlra: Part Ii - A Fresh Approach To Board Deferral To Arbitration, Michael C. Harper

Faculty Scholarship

The author applies the non-waiverprinciple developed in Part I of this article to Board deferral to arbitration. Former Chairman Murphy's concurring opinion in General American Transportation Corp. is evaluated in light of the non- waiver princple. The author analyzes the issues not properly resolved in that opinion, while demonstrating its basic insight.

In Part 1 of this essay, I explored the implications of the Supreme Court's holding in NLRP v. Magnavox Co. that exclusive bargaining agents do not have the authority to waive certain rights protected by section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act. Drawing on Magnavox, …

The Right To Privacy In Nineteenth Century America, David J. Seipp

Faculty Scholarship

On December 15, 189o, Samuel D. Warren and Louis D. Brandeis, two young Boston law partners, published an article in the Harvard Law Review entitled The Right to Privacy. In that article, they proposed a remedy for invasions of personal privacy by the press. More than ninety years later, protection of privacy has become a major concern of the law. Legal scholars have organized the extensive body of case law into a coherent common law of privacy; the Supreme Court has enshrined the right to privacy in the "penumbra" of the Bill of Rights; and Congress has enacted additional safeguards.

Tax Characterization Of International Leases: The Contours Of Ownership, William W. Park

Faculty Scholarship

Pondering the human tendency to pay dearly for short-lived adornments, Shakespeare asks a question of interest to lawyers as well as poets: "Why so large cost, having so short a lease.. .? The lawyer's analysis of the issue might begin with a scenario set in an imaginary world in which the tax effects of business transactions are determined by their legal form rather than their economic substance. In such a world, each of two companies decides to build a new factory. One acquires the land outright, paying in several installments. The other enters into a shortterm lease at a very …

In Order To Have Water: Legal, Economic And Institutional Barriers To Water Reuse In Northern New England, Michael S. Baram, J. Raymond Miyares

Faculty Scholarship

The maintenance of adequate water supplies to meet increasing demand upon residential and industrial users in New England is now an urgent concern. Encouragement of water reuse is one of the ways in which water conservation can be implemented. This Article, synthesized by the authors from their technical report, examines current legal and institutional methods of promoting water reuse and conservation. They analyze their effectiveness and argue that legal and political reform is needed to achieve the ends of water conservation. I

French Codification Of A Legal Framework For International Commercial Arbitration, W. Laurence Craig, William W. Park, Jan Paulsson

Faculty Scholarship

Resolution of a dispute arising under an international commercial contract frequently has been plagued with uncertainty regarding applicable substantive and procedural law. These problems are not necessarily solved by the presence of an arbitration clause in the contract. In the absence of a clearly defined arbitral system, the parties can not be certain of the rules regarding the arbitral procedure or the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards. By enacting a decree that specifically applies to international commercial arbitration, France has recently taken a major step toward resolving the uncertainties surrounding the resolution of international commercial disputes. The authors analyze …

Linguistic Legislation And Transnational Commercial Activity: France & Belgium, Thomas E. Carbonneau

Faculty Scholarship

For French and francophonic people, the continued vitality of their linguistic heritage is an integral part of their sense of national identity and cultural cohesiveness. The truth of this statement has been corroborated recently by legislative enactments in France and in Belgium which prescribe and/or recommend the use of French in certain private commercial and governmental activity taking place within these countries. This legislation represents an attempt to provide a partial remedy to what has been perceived generally as the syntactical and lexical "contamination" of the French language resulting from the dominance of English or, more precisely, American English, in …

The Reform Of The French Procedural Law On Arbitration: An Analytical Commentary On The Decree Of May 14, 1980, Thomas E. Carbonneau

Faculty Scholarship

Prior to May 1980, the French domestic law on arbitration had not been subject to any substantial legislative reform since the early nineteenth century. The procedural part of that law, which contained practically all of the French legislative provisions applying to arbitration, was out of date and in need of reconsideration.

Despite the considerable French procedural law reforms enacted in 1975, articles 1005 through 1028 of the Nouveau Code de procédure civile had not been revised to any significant extent since the enactment of the Code de procédure civile in 1806.

The basic intention of the new legislative text is …

Toward A Theory Of Prior Restraint: The Central Linkage, Vincent A. Blasi

Faculty Scholarship

The doctrine of prior restraint embodies a temporal preference. Acts of expression that could be sanctioned by means of criminal punishment or a civil damage award may not be regulated "in advance." The factor of timing, however, cannot serve to distinguish methods of regulation as neatly as this statement would seem to imply. In addition to a retrospective impact relating to punishment or compensation, criminal prohibitions and civil liability rules are meant to have a prospective impact – to deter speakers from engaging in harmful acts of expression in the future. If impact on speech before the moment of its …

The Cleveland Housing Court Act: New Answer To An Old Problem, Frederic P. White

Faculty Scholarship

The operations of the Cleveland Municipal housing court commenced April 2, 1980. The Housing Court, a division of the Cleveland Municipal Court system, was established to resolve all housing-related disputes. While considered by some as a welcome solution to overcrowded court dockets, others view it as simply another unnecessary cog in an already overburdened bureaucratic wheel. Close examination indicates, however, that there is a serious question as to whether this specialized judicial division is in fact meeting its intended purpose.

This Article will critically examine the Housing Court's historical setting, constitutional foundation and jurisdictional powers. In addition, comparison with systems …

Introduction, Geoffrey C. Hazard Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Revisiting The Second Restatement Of Judgments: Issue Preclusion And Related Problems, Geoffrey C. Hazard Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Commentary On The "Fundamental Values" Controversy, Geoffrey C. Hazard Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Teaching Physicians And Lawyers To Understand Each Other: The Development Of A Law And Medicine Clinic, Robert L. Schwartz

Faculty Scholarship

The discomfort doctors and lawyers feel with one another is not a consequence of the perceived medical malpractice crisis or any other single area of substantive disagreement. Rather, it is a reflection of the different epistemologies of the professions. The truth seeking activities of the two professions are very different, and these differences are reflected in the widely divergent professional educations provided to medical and law students. Much of the animosity which has developed between doctors and lawyers could be avoided, and members of each profession could have a much better understanding of the substance and analytic methods of the …

State Taxation Of Natural Resource Extraction And The Commerce Clause: Federalism's Modern Frontier, Michael B. Browde, Charles T. Dumars

Faculty Scholarship

The formalistic delineation of the commerce clause in the pre-New Deal era gave way to the modern balancing approach largely because the earlier formalism did not adequately resolve the more difficult commerce clause questions created by the growing complexities of modern society. The irrelevance of the Heisler severance-precedes-commerce analysis to the modern problems that surround our national energy policy is a classic example of the failure of the old devices. Issues that were well settled on the legitimate-state-control side of the ledger in the 1920's have shifted to the national-interest side of the ledger today. As energy development assumes greater …

Physicians And Lawyers: Science, Art, And Conflict, Robert L. Schwartz, Joan M. Gibson

Faculty Scholarship

The relations between physicians and lawyers have deteriorated rapidly over the past several decades, most particularly since the early 70s when the perception that a medical malpractice crisis existed in America became widespread. Some believe that the factors dividing the two professions . are linked (1) to professional jealousy, (2) to sometimes conflicting economic interests, or (3) to difficulties in communication, since both professions use many of the same words, or terms of art, but with different intended meanings. While the authors agree that these factors may have aggravated the problem, they believe that the conflict's real roots are in …

An Entrenched Bill Of Rights For The United Kingdom: The Constitutional Dilemma, Christian G. Fritz

Faculty Scholarship

In 1974 Sir Leslie Scarman, in delivering the twenty-second Hamlyn lecture, proposed a written Bill of Rights for the United Kingdom that would be entrenched' and hence binding on Parliament even without a written constitution. (Entrenchment is sometimes used to describe a process whereby an Act of Parliament incorporates a Bill of Rights but provides that any subsequent legislation will be deemed to be in compliance with that Bill unless it clearly manifests a contrary intention.) The controversy and constitutional commentary surrounding Scarman's proposal in the 1970s continues to have relevance for the nature of the British constitution. Historically and …

Competency To Stand Trial Under The Senate And House Proposed Revisions Of The Federal Criminal Code, Leo M. Romero

Faculty Scholarship

In 1980 the judiciary committees of the Senate and the House of Representatives reported bills revising the federal criminal code. Although neither of these bills was enacted by the Ninety-Sixth Congress, they represent the culmination of efforts, over a period of a decade, to revise and reform the federal criminal laws in a comprehensive code.

Communicating With Juries: Problems And Remedies, William W. Schwarzer

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.