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Articles 1441 - 1470 of 2645
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Drawing Lines: Unrelated Probable Cause As A Prerequisite To Early Dna Collection, David H. Kaye
Drawing Lines: Unrelated Probable Cause As A Prerequisite To Early Dna Collection, David H. Kaye
Faculty Scholarship
Swabbing the inside of a cheek has become part of the custodial arrest process in many jurisdictions. The majority view (thus far) is that routinely collecting DNA before conviction (and analyzing it, recording the results, and comparing them to DNA profiles from crime-scene databases) is consistent with Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures. However, some judges and commentators have argued that DNA sampling in advance of a determination by a judge or grand jury of probable cause for the arrest or charge is unconstitutional. This essay shows that this demand is largely unfounded. Either warrantless, suspicionless DNA collection …
The Pragmatic Court: Reinterpreting The Supreme People’S Court Of China, Taisu Zhang
The Pragmatic Court: Reinterpreting The Supreme People’S Court Of China, Taisu Zhang
Faculty Scholarship
This Article examines the institutional motivations that underlie several major developments in the Supreme People's Court of China's recent policy-making. Since 2007, the SPC has sent off a collection of policy signals that escapes sweeping ideological labeling: it has publically embraced a populist view of legal reform by encouraging the use of mediation in dispute resolution and popular participation in judicial policy-making, while continuing to advocate legal professionalization as a long-term policy objective. It has also eagerly attempted to enhance its own institutional competence by promoting judicial efficiency, simplifying key areas of civil law, and expanding its control over lower …
Trial And Error: Learning From Patterns Of Mistakes, Brandon L. Garrett
Trial And Error: Learning From Patterns Of Mistakes, Brandon L. Garrett
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Eyewitnesses And Exclusion, Brandon L. Garrett
Eyewitnesses And Exclusion, Brandon L. Garrett
Faculty Scholarship
The dramatic moment when an eyewitness takes the stand and points to the defendant in the courtroom can be pivotal in a criminal trial. That piece of theater, however compelling to jurors, is staged: it is obvious where the defendant is sitting, and, importantly, the memory of the eyewitness should have been tested before trial using photo arrays or lineups. Such courtroom displays have been accepted for so long that their role in the U.S. Supreme Court’s due process jurisprudence regulating eyewitness identifications has been neglected. The due process test that regulates tens of thousands of eyewitness identifications each year …
Judges And Wrongful Convictions, Brandon L. Garrett
Judges And Wrongful Convictions, Brandon L. Garrett
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Is Now The Time For Major Federal Sentencing Reform?, Sara Sun Beale
Is Now The Time For Major Federal Sentencing Reform?, Sara Sun Beale
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Incriminating Thoughts, Nita A. Farahany
Incriminating Thoughts, Nita A. Farahany
Faculty Scholarship
The neuroscience revolution poses profound challenges to current selfincrimination doctrine and exposes a deep conceptual confusion at the heart of the doctrine. In Schmerber v. California, the Court held that under the Self- Incrimination Clause of the Fifth Amendment, no person shall be compelled to “prove a charge [from] his own mouth,” but a person may be compelled to provide real or physical evidence. This testimonial/physical dichotomy has failed to achieve its intended simplifying purpose. For nearly fifty years scholars and practitioners have lamented its impracticability and its inconsistency with the underlying purpose of the privilege. This Article seeks to …
Brief Of Amici Curiae, Neil Vidmar Et Al., Connecticut V. Guilbert, Neil Vidmar, Theresa A. Newman
Brief Of Amici Curiae, Neil Vidmar Et Al., Connecticut V. Guilbert, Neil Vidmar, Theresa A. Newman
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The North Carolina Racial Justice Act: An Essay On Substantive And Procedural Fairness In Death Penalty Litigation, Neil Vidmar
The North Carolina Racial Justice Act: An Essay On Substantive And Procedural Fairness In Death Penalty Litigation, Neil Vidmar
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Development Of Domestic Violence As A Field: Honoring Clare Dalton, Elizabeth Schneider, Cheryl Hanna
The Development Of Domestic Violence As A Field: Honoring Clare Dalton, Elizabeth Schneider, Cheryl Hanna
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Queer (In)Justice: Mapping New Gay (Scholarly) Agendas, Giovanna Shay, J. Kelly Strader
Queer (In)Justice: Mapping New Gay (Scholarly) Agendas, Giovanna Shay, J. Kelly Strader
Faculty Scholarship
The 2011 book Queer (In)Justice surveys involvement of sexual minorities in all phases of the what the authors term the "criminal legal system." It examines the treatment of LGBTQ people as criminal defendants, victims, and prisoners. Queer (In)Justice moves beyond the typical focus of gay rights activists and scholars in the criminal law area to address the everyday treatment of LGBTQ people by police, prosecutors, courts, and corrections authorities. Relying heavily on prison abolitionist movement thinking, the book calls into question reliance on criminal punishment as a means of combating violence against LGBTQ people. Although largely anecdotal, and sometimes over-heated …
Illich, Education, And The Wire, Erin E. Buzuvis
Illich, Education, And The Wire, Erin E. Buzuvis
Faculty Scholarship
This Article focuses on two texts—first, Illich’s 1971 "Deschooling Society," which calls for abolishing institutionalized education in favor of decentralized, personalized relationships that promote intentional learning; and second, The Wire’s fourth season, which is particularly focused on the exercise in futility that is the Baltimore public school system. Read together, these texts explore the problem of institutionalized education and the solution Illich proposes of intentional learning communities. But while both texts help us understand the shortfalls of institutionalized education, neither is particularly prescriptive when it comes to undoing the current state of affairs and weaning our society off of institutions, …
Politics And Punishment: Reactions To Markel's Political Retributivism, Michael T. Cahill
Politics And Punishment: Reactions To Markel's Political Retributivism, Michael T. Cahill
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Gendered Aspects Of Social Justice Work And Occupational Segregation In The Legal Academy: A Review Of 2003, Barbara Cox
The Gendered Aspects Of Social Justice Work And Occupational Segregation In The Legal Academy: A Review Of 2003, Barbara Cox
Faculty Scholarship
My service as chair of the Section on Women in Legal Education ("Section") was rather unusual. I started serving on the Executive Committee in 1999 and became Chair-Elect in 2001. Veryl Miles (Catholic) was Chair for 2001 but became Deputy Director of the Association of American Law Schools (AALS) in August that year, so I served out her term as Interim Chair from August 1 to December 31, 2001. Then I became Chair-Elect again in 2002 (because I was on sabbatical that year and could not serve as Chair) and Vernellia Randall agreed to step in as Chair. I served …
Representing Injustice: Justice As An Icon Of Woman Suffrage, Kristin Collins
Representing Injustice: Justice As An Icon Of Woman Suffrage, Kristin Collins
Faculty Scholarship
In this Essay, written as part of a symposium on Judith Resnik’s and Dennis Curtis's sumptuously illustrated volume Representing Justice, I offer a historically sensitive interpretation of the figure of Justice in woman suffrage spectacle and propaganda. American suffragists were drawn to Justice as a symbol of women's claim to political and legal rights. Why? Surely one reason is that, as Resnik and Curtis demonstrate, by the early twentieth century Justice had ascended as a distinctively resonant symbol of law and law's legitimacy in a democratic polity. Precisely because Justice was a legible symbol of law's legitimacy, she was ripe …
The Obama Effect: Specialized Meanings In Anti-Discrimination Law, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Mario Barnes
The Obama Effect: Specialized Meanings In Anti-Discrimination Law, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Mario Barnes
Faculty Scholarship
In this Article, we explore the proclamations that have been made about an emerging “post-racial” society within the context of workplace anti-discrimination law. Specifically, as the title of our panel for this symposium asks, we inquire: What is the significance of having a biracial, black-white president (or more specifically, the first self-identified black president) to the enforcement of antidiscrimination law? What impact, if any, has President Barack Obama’s campaign for the presidency and election as president had on discrimination in the workplace? Based in part on our review of discrimination cases in which President Obama’s name has been invoked—in most …
“We Have The Right Not To Be Rescued...”: When Anti-Trafficking Programmes Undermine The Health And Well-Being Of Sex Workers, Aziza Ahmed, Meena Seshu
“We Have The Right Not To Be Rescued...”: When Anti-Trafficking Programmes Undermine The Health And Well-Being Of Sex Workers, Aziza Ahmed, Meena Seshu
Faculty Scholarship
This paper highlights the impact of raid, rescue, and rehabilitation schemes on HIV programmes. It uses a case study of Veshya Anyay Mukti Parishad (VAMP), a sex workers collective in Sangli, India, to explore the impact of anti-trafficking efforts on HIV prevention programmes. The paper begins with an overview of the anti-trafficking movement emerging out of the United States. This U.S. based antitrafficking movement works in partnership with domestic Indian antitrafficking organisations to raid brothels to “rescue and rehabilitate” sex workers. Contrary to the purported goal of assisting women, the anti-trafficking projects that employ a raid, rescue, and rehabilitate model …
A Neurological Foundation For Freedom, Nita A. Farahany
A Neurological Foundation For Freedom, Nita A. Farahany
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Response: One Market We Do Not Need, Giovanna Shay
Response: One Market We Do Not Need, Giovanna Shay
Faculty Scholarship
The Author responds to Alexander Volokh’s, Prison Vouchers, 160 U. Pa. L. Rev. 779 (2012). She argues that Professor Volokh is right that American prisons are considered to be “low quality,” and that they suffer from “high violence rates, bad medical care, [and] overuse of highly punitive measures like administrative segregation . . . .” But his proposed solution—a system of “prison vouchers” that would permit prisoners to choose their facilities and thus create a market for prison services—would provide only an illusion of choice. Even worse, such a system runs the risk of strengthening the self-interested forces that drive …
Exhausted, Giovanna Shay
Exhausted, Giovanna Shay
Faculty Scholarship
The Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) contains an administrative exhaustion provision that was interpreted by the Supreme Court in Woodford v. Ngo in 2006 to impose a procedural default component. This piece argues that we should take seriously Justice Breyer’s Woodford concurrence, in which he noted that administrative law doctrine contains well-established exceptions to exhaustion. Although this point might at first seem inconsistent with other Supreme Court cases interpreting the PLRA, this Article argues that Justice Breyer’s concurrence can be reconciled with those opinions. PLRA exhaustion invokes regular administrative law exhaustion doctrine so long as it is not inconsistent with …
Illich (Via Cayley) On Prisons, Giovanna Shay
Illich (Via Cayley) On Prisons, Giovanna Shay
Faculty Scholarship
This Article considers whether, more than a dozen years after publication of Cayley’s book "The Expanding Prison: The Crisis in Crime and Punishment and the Search for Alternatives," Illich’s theories help us to make sense of America’s “prison-industrial complex.” The Author concludes that our current situation reflects in part the dynamics of his theory of “counterproductivity,” but that Illich did not take sufficient account of the salience of race and class in American criminal punishment.
Inside-Out As Law School Pedagogy, Giovanna Shay
Inside-Out As Law School Pedagogy, Giovanna Shay
Faculty Scholarship
In the fall of 2010, and again in spring 2012, the Author taught a course entitled Gender & Criminal Law inside the Western Massachusetts Correctional Alcohol Center in Springfield. Participants in the course included roughly equal numbers of law students from the Author's home academic institution, Western New England University School of Law, and residents of the facility. For fourteen weeks, the class met weekly at the institution to discuss issues including domestic violence law reform, the role of family ties in sentencing, and gender issues in prisoner reentry. The Author taught this course in a modified form of the …
Response, The Obama Administration, In Defense Of Daca, Deferred Action, And The Dream Act, Shoba S. Wadhia
Response, The Obama Administration, In Defense Of Daca, Deferred Action, And The Dream Act, Shoba S. Wadhia
Faculty Scholarship
This essay responds to “The Obama Administration, the DREAM Act and the Take Care Clause” by Robert J. Delahunty and John C. Yoo. Though I credit Yoo and Delahunty for considering the relationship between the DACA program and the President’s duties under the “Take Care” clause, they miss the mark in at least three ways: 1) Contrary to ignoring immigration enforcement, the Obama Administration has executed the immigration laws faithfully and forcefully; 2) Far from being a new policy that undercuts statutory law, prosecutorial discretion actions like DACA have been pursued by other presidents, and part of the immigration system …
Portrait Of A Judge: Judith S. Kaye, Dichotomies, And State Constitutional Law, Susan Herman
Portrait Of A Judge: Judith S. Kaye, Dichotomies, And State Constitutional Law, Susan Herman
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Property Strategy, Thomas W. Merrill
The Property Strategy, Thomas W. Merrill
Faculty Scholarship
My objective in this Article is to offer a description of property as an institution for organizing the use of resources in society. There are several strategies for deciding how valued things will be used, and by whom. “Might makes right” is one approach: we can let a strongman decide these questions. Bureaucratic governance is another: we can create a hierarchical organization and adopt rules and procedures for allocating resources. Group consensus is a third: questions about resource use can be resolved through meetings and discussion among those most closely involved. The claim advanced here is that property is a …
Neuroscience And The Child Welfare System, Clare Huntington
Neuroscience And The Child Welfare System, Clare Huntington
Faculty Scholarship
Increasingly, scholars and policymakers are calling for programs that take a preventive approach to child abuse and neglect, rather than our current tendency to respond only after a crisis. There are significant social and economic arguments supporting this shift. The Nurse-Family Partnership, developed by David Olds and discussed in this symposium, illustrates how specific investments in family functioning can lower rates of child abuse and neglect, leading to a host of positive outcomes for children and society, from greater educational attainment to less involvement in the criminal justice system. Thinking about child well-being more broadly, the Nobel laureate James Heckman …
Prosecutors And Professional Regulation, Bruce A. Green
Prosecutors And Professional Regulation, Bruce A. Green
Faculty Scholarship
Prosecutors often express mistrust of professional regulators, their rules and their processes. This may have been more understandable twenty years ago, when prosecutors perceived that the organized bar had been captured by defense lawyers seeking to use professional regulation as a means of imposing limits on criminal investigative authority that the law did not otherwise recognize. Although that criticism no longer has much basis in reality, it has persisted in the rhetoric prosecutors employ in advocacy regarding their professional conduct. This article explores prosecutors’ public attitude toward professional regulation, beginning with a brief account of their responses two decades ago, …
Patient Racial Preferences And The Medical Culture Of Accommodation, Kimani Paul-Emile
Patient Racial Preferences And The Medical Culture Of Accommodation, Kimani Paul-Emile
Faculty Scholarship
One of medicine’s open secrets is that patients routinely refuse or demand medical treatment based on the assigned physician’s racial identity, and hospitals typically yield to patients’ racial preferences. This widely practiced, if rarely acknowledged, phenomenon — about which there is new empirical evidence — poses a fundamental dilemma for law, medicine, and ethics. It also raises difficult questions about how we should think about race, health, and individual autonomy in this context. Informed consent rules and common law battery dictate that a competent patient has an almost-unqualified right to refuse medical care, including treatment provided by an unwanted physician. …
Why Proportionality Matters, Youngjae Lee
The Micro And Macro Causes Of Prison Growth, John F. Pfaff
The Micro And Macro Causes Of Prison Growth, John F. Pfaff
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.