Digital Commons Network^™

Predicting Sorption Of Diverse Organic Compounds In Soil-Water Systems: Meta-Analysis, Machine Learning Modeling, And Global Soil Mapping, Jiachun Sun, Kai Zhang, Huichun Zhang

Faculty Scholarship

In recent decades, the environmental detection of various organic compounds (OCs) has highlighted the limitations of conventional soil-water sorption models, which simplify complex experimental conditions and often overlook OCs with polyfunctional and ionizable structures. To address these shortcomings, we compiled a comprehensive soil-water sorption dataset encompassing 20,945 data points for 419 OCs with various functional groups and 1037 different soils. Meta-analysis of the dataset revealed the trends of soil sorption associated with OC substructures, soil properties, and solution conditions. Machine learning models employing the XGBoost algorithm, in conjunction with MACCS fingerprints and experimental conditions, were developed to cover the entire …

Tnf-Α-Driven Changes In Polarized Egf Receptor Trafficking Facilitate Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling From The Apical Surface Of Mdck Epithelial Cells, Syntyche Ngalula, Cathleen R. Carlin

Faculty Scholarship

This manuscript describes a novel unconventional secretory pathway that facilitates EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling from apical membranes in polarized epithelial cells responding to immune cell mediators. Epithelial tissues provide a physical barrier between our bodies and the external environment and share an intimate relationship with circulating and local immune cells. Our studies describe an unexpected connection between the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and EGFR typically localized to basolateral membranes in polarized epithelial cells. These two molecules sit atop complex biological networks with a long history of shared investigative interest from the vantage point of signaling pathway interactions. We …

The Built Environment And Adverse Cardiovascular Events In Us Veterans With Cardiovascular Disease, Skanda Moorthy, Zhuo Chen, Tong Zhang, Sai Rahul Ponnana, Santosh Kumar Sirasapalli, Kanimozhi Shivanantham, Haitham Khraishah, Jean Eudes Dazard, Sadeer G. Al-Kindi, Salil V. Deo, Sanjay Rajagopalan

Faculty Scholarship

Question: Can AI-extracted interpretable built environment features predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in a national veteran population? Findings: In this cohort study of 770,990 U.S. veterans, seven built environment features were significantly associated with an increased risk of MACE. Two features, old/dilapidated buildings and visible wire, were associated with a decreased risk. Greenery was only linked to increased risk in higher social deprivation index quartiles. Meaning: Built environment features can serve as predictors of MACE, highlighting the potential role of neighborhood characteristics in cardiovascular risk stratification beyond traditional factors. Importance: The relationship between built environment features and major adverse …

Eviction Sealing: A Lifeline In The Fight For Housing Justice, Allison Freedman

Faculty Scholarship

In January 2023, the White House released a Blueprint for a Renters Bill of Rights. The Blueprint called for immediate sealing of eviction case filings to reduce the likelihood that tenants would be locked out of future housing opportunities without the chance to defend themselves. Shortly thereafter, the Federal Trade Commission and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau issued a request for public comment on how the use of eviction records and screening algorithms may affect tenant housing opportunities and drive discriminatory outcomes. The eviction crisis, its discriminatory effects, and the idea that sealing eviction records may provide a solution to …

Building Layered Defenses To Reduce Illegal Gun Violence, Samuel Kan

Faculty Scholarship

This article examines a multifaceted approach to reducing illegal gun violence in the United States through the implementation of layered defense strategies. While acknowledging the constitutional protections afforded by the Second Amendment, the author argues that targeted legislative and community-based interventions can effectively reduce gun violence without infringing on lawful gun ownership rights. The analysis explores several key defensive measures, including extreme risk laws (risk protection orders), which allow for temporary firearm removal from individuals posing credible threats to themselves or others—a practice recently upheld by the Supreme Court in United States v. Rahimi. The article further examines the constitutional …

Simulating Chill: Exploring The Cognitive And Therapeutic Potential Of Cold Vr Environments, Jessica Turner, Piper Hutson, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

This study investigates the cognitive and therapeutic potential of immersive virtual reality (VR) environments designed to simulate cold conditions. Through the engagement of participants through multisensory stimuli—including vivid visual representations of the Athabasca Glacier, auditory effects of icy winds, and corresponding haptic feedback—the research evaluates neurological and physiological responses associated with attention, emotional regulation, and stress modulation. Participants experienced virtual scenarios featuring icy winds and snow, activating specific neurological pathways involving the occipital lobe, primary visual cortex, superior colliculus, and insula, thus reinforcing sensory integration. Through predictive coding, the anterior insula and hypothalamus were engaged, prompting thermoregulatory simulations and subconscious …

Trump Attacks On Climate Science May Violate Numerous Federal Laws, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

Starting on its first day on January 20, 2025, the second Trump administration has launched an unprecedented rollback of efforts to fight climate change. The Sabin Center for Climate Change Law’s Climate Backtracker already has 117 items.

Much of this is aimed at scientific research on climate change, or has the effect of inhibiting the conduct and dissemination of this research. Many of these actions may also violate federal laws.

This article discusses these actions, some of their legal implications, and the litigation challenges that have already been brought. It begins with actions that are specifically aimed at climate research, …

Administrative Law And The Pandemic, Gillian E. Metzger

Faculty Scholarship

American administrative law’s relationship to change is, as they say, compli­cated. On the one hand, continual evolution has been an endemic feature of American administrative law. Doctrines such as Chevron deference to agency statutory interpretations were born, grew, and declined in just the period from the 1980s to today. On the other, the United States (US) Supreme Court regularly rejects such common law development in administrative law as illegitimate and insists that federal judges must adhere to the original terms of the 1946 Administrative Procedure Act (APA) and other statutes, unless the Constitution requires otherwise. And to this day scholars …

Working To Death: Labor Law In The 100 Year Life, Kate Andrias

Faculty Scholarship

Without significant changes in labor law, the 100-year life will almost certainly be defined by deep inequities. Working-class people, and workers of color in particular, are least likely to enjoy extended life spans. And if they do live longer, they are unlikely to enjoy a leisurely retirement in which they decide how they spend their extra years. Instead, they will face more toil and precarity. This chapter imagines a different future. It asks: What would the 100-year life look like if working people had a greater hand in shaping it? What would a legal regime look like that gave working …

The Right To Grow Old, Jamal Greene

Faculty Scholarship

This chapter considers the status of a constitutional “right to grow old” under the US Constitution. Understood as a “positive” right – ensuring a certain minimum quality of life to people as they face the challenges of aging – such a right may seem unavailing given the austerity in respect to such rights that many lawyers associate with the US constitutional tradition. This chapter shows this view to be premature, at least. Unlike the kinds of positive rights overtly rejected in prior cases, such as rights to certain forms of social welfare or to racial equality, a right to grow …

Toward A Dynamic View Of Corporate Purpose, Dorothy S. Lund

Faculty Scholarship

Scholars debating the corporation’s role in society generally advance the view that there is only one desirable orientation for corporations and their management. Specifically, proponents of a stakeholder governance model contend that focusing management on a broad set of corporate constituents maximizes overall welfare, while advocates of a shareholder-centric directive counter that prioritizing shareholders creates social welfare by rendering the firm most profitable. This Article offers another view: It suggests that the welfare-maximizing purpose for corporations could change depending on external economic conditions, which both of these positions assume away. Specifically, shareholder primacy is likely to promote welfare in a …

Constraining The Family Regulation System: The Contribution Of The Restatement Of The Law, Children And The Law, Clare Huntington

Faculty Scholarship

Advocates, policymakers, and scholars have argued for years that the family regulation system (also known as the child welfare system) fails families. Critics rightly note that the system does far too little to support families proactively and does not address the poverty and structural racism underlying many allegations of child abuse and neglect. The overrepresentation of Black, Native American, and Native Alaskan children in foster care is a stark and disturbing manifestation of these failings.

In response to these concerns, there is an active debate about abolishing or radically reforming the family regulation system to direct government funding to proactive …

Every Law School Should Have A Poet, Susan Ayres

Faculty Scholarship

This is an imaginative work that explores gaslighting in the workplace.

The "Not Seen" Effect Of International Financial Centers: Innovation In The Global Financial Ecosystem, Charlotte Ku, Andrew P. Morriss

Faculty Scholarship

International Financial Centers (IFCs) are hubs of legal and financial innovation, developing specialized frameworks that facilitate cross-border investment, enhance global capital mobility, and support economic growth. Through jurisdictional competition, professional clustering, and adaptive regulatory frameworks, IFCs have pioneered legal structures that enable enterprises of all sizes to participate in the global economy. Using case studies of the International Business Company, the Limited Liability Company, the Protected Cell Company, and advances in trust law and applying the theoretical frameworks of social scientist Richard Florida and psychologist Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi, this Article illustrates how IFCs serve as laboratories for financial experimentation, generating widely …

A New Parlor Is Open: Microfeminisms Are Needed In Law School To Combat Gender Bias, Stephanie J. Thompson

Faculty Scholarship

A recent viral trend on TikTok has spotlighted women attorneys who are leveraging microfeminisms to uplift other women and challenge entrenched gender norms within the workplace. The hashtag #microfeminism has garnered over a billion views, underscoring a growing interest in this nuanced form of advocacy. Microfeminism encompasses the subtle, everyday actions individuals—regardless of gender—take to promote gender equity and disrupt traditional expectations, both personally and professionally. In contrast to broader feminist movements that often seek systemic reform, microfeminism focuses on the interpersonal and individual level, recognizing the transformative potential of seemingly small gestures. This Article aims to initiate a critical …

Current Standards And Future Directions Of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Respiratory Care: The Ppmd Italy Meeting Report, Jane Black, David J. Birnkrant

Faculty Scholarship

Objective: This report summarizes key discussions from the meeting “Current Standards and Future Directions of Respiratory Assessment and Management of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD),” organized by Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy (PPMD) Italy and the United States to address current challenges and opportunities in DMD respiratory care. Methods: The meeting brought together researchers, clinicians, and patient advocates who shared experiences, discussed advancements in DMD respiratory management, and identified areas of debate that require further research. Results: The speakers emphasized routine assessment of pulmonary function and of breathing during sleep to achieve timely diagnosis of respiratory complications. Therapeutic discussions focused on airway …

Letter To The Fda Proposing Major Changes In The Us Clozapine Package Insert Supported By Clozapine Experts Worldwide. Part I A Review Of The Pharmacokinetic Literature And Proposed Changes, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Purpose/Background: Clozapine was approved in the United States (US) using 1989 regulations and knowledge. After 30 years, many sections of the US package insert (PI) are outdated. Methods: We comprehensively reviewed the literature to propose PI updates. We present the information in 2 articles. In Part I, we focus on basic pharmacology based on 407 relevant articles. Part II focuses on clinical aspects and pharmacovigilance. Findings/Results: Based on more recent expectations of Food and Drug Administration regulations, we reviewed clozapine basic pharmacology including the following: 1) clearance, 2) pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and 3) monitoring tools. We identified 9 major problems …

The 100-Year Life And The New Family Law, Naomi Cahn, Clare Huntington, Elizabeth S. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

This chapter reflects on the future of family law in an era of longer lives. Our analysis leads us to conclude that the 100-year life is indeed likely to have an impact on the nature, scope, and definition of family law, but that families will continue to function as the primary setting for intimacy and for caregiving and caretaking, whatever form those families take. Further, the importance to both individual and social welfare of family support throughout life points to a need for reform of current family law doctrine. The impact of longer life on doctrines regulating the relationship of …

Trade Integration, Petros C. Mavroidis

Faculty Scholarship

Accounts concerning the world trading system usually start the debate from the negotiation of the GATT. Trade integration before the First World War, though, had been quite remarkable, and the study of this era enriches our understanding of modern institutions in at least two ways. First, a number of GATT provisions had already been shaped during discussions following the advent of the League of Nations. Second, trade integration before the First World War did not manage to put a brake on belligerent behaviour, putting to rest the old Montesquieuan idea of doux commerce. Recent developments (like the invasion of …

Restating The Law Of Children And Youth: The Evolution Of Reform, Elizabeth S. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

A brief roadmap of this article may be helpful. Part I describes the emergence of the Child Wellbeing framework and its powerful role in shaping twenty-first-century youth justice reforms captured by the Restatement. Part II shows how this framework has begun to have a far broader influence on the law affecting children and how the framework and the developmental approach embodied in the Restatement can guide courts and shape the trajectory of the law in the future. Part III explores potential challenges to the Restatement’s effectiveness in attaining a fully integrated system based on the Child Wellbeing framework.

Antiracist Expert Evidence, Jasmine Gonzales Rose, Asees Bhasin, Spencer Piston

Faculty Scholarship

Since 2020, when mass protests against racism swept across the United States, scholars, lawyers, and the general public have become increasingly aware that racism permeates society and the criminal legal system, from overt racial animus to the nuanced effects of structural racism. Demonstrating the influence of racism is therefore vital to the practice of criminal defense, yet many attorneys do not know how to prove racism in court. We surveyed over seven hundred criminal-defense attorneys across the United States, and nearly half had never heard of expert witnesses testifying or submitting written reports on racism—what we call “antiracist expert evidence.” …

Do Bans On Conversion Therapy Impose A Governmental "Orthodoxy" About Sex And Gender?, Linda C. Mcclain

Faculty Scholarship

In Part I, this Essay evaluates how orthodoxy arguments featured in Mr. Tingley’s challenge to Washington’s ban on conversion therapy. Part II offers a preliminary analysis of Chiles v. Salazar, ⁴² which the Court will hear during its 2025-2026 Term. I illustrate how the arguments made against Washington’s law by Chiles and her amici draw from the anti-orthodoxy and marketplace of ideas rhetoric found not only in Justice Thomas’s Tingley dissent and his NIFLA opinion but also in Justice Gorsuch’s majority opinion in the 303 Creative decision.⁴³ Woven together with these speech arguments are appeals to the Court’s …

Letter To The Fda Proposing Major Changes In The Us Clozapine Package Insert Supported By Clozapine Experts Worldwide. Part Ii A Review Of Fatal Outcomes In Us Pharmacovigilance Data And Proposed Changes, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Purpose/Background: This is the second part of a 2-part article that proposes improving the United States (US) clozapine package insert. Part II focuses on fatal outcomes and the 5 boxed warnings, 4 specifically for clozapine: severe neutropenia, seizure, orthostatic hypotension and myocarditis, and 1 for all antipsychotics (elderly with dementia). Methods: US reports to the World Health Organization's global pharmacovigilance database were analyzed from clozapine's introduction to January 15, 2023. Findings/Results: The US was the top reporter worldwide for clozapine with 56,003 reports and 9587 associated fatal outcomes. The 4 clozapine boxed warnings were associated with 534 fatal outcomes (218 …

Neuroarts And Neuroaesthetics, James Hutson, Piper Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

Recent advancements in neuroarts and neuroaesthetics have elucidated the relationship between artistic engagement and neural processes, emphasizing the impact of aesthetic experiences on cognitive and emotional well-being. Central to this exploration is the NeuroArts Blueprint initiative, which consolidates interdisciplinary research to better understand the impactful role of the arts on brain function and health outcomes. Empirical studies highlight how exposure to art, such as music or visual stimuli, activates neural circuits involved in emotion regulation, memory, and reward processing, particularly engaging the medial orbitofrontal cortex. Innovations such as haptic and electro-tactile devices have introduced novel sensory modalities that not only …

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura In Pediatric Patients, Niki Shrestha, Robert W. Maitta

Faculty Scholarship

Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura is a serious disease that can involve complex symptomatology, prolonged hospitalization, and a high risk of mortality if treatment is delayed. This disease is rare, but it is even rarer among pediatric patients. Even though it was first described 100 years ago, the earliest documented case was a pediatric patient. The last three decades have seen the discovery of the pathological mechanisms responsible for its clinical presentation. Symptoms/signs characteristic of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with significant thrombocytopenia characterize the vast majority of patients. Its pathology centers on the accumulation of ultra-large von Willebrand factor multimers due to an …

Politics And Collection Development: Behaviors In Library Collecting Based On Political Climates, Zachary G. Stein, Lindsey M. Reno

Faculty Scholarship

Over the last several years libraries in the United States have dealt with an increasing number of book challenges and calls for censorship of materials. The challenges and calls for censorship are no longer only from library patrons, but now include national organizations and even local and state legislators. Some of these actions have moved to criminalize librarians and curtail first amendment rights. Due to this new climate, it is important to examine the effect these culture wars have on library collection development decisions. This quantitative study seeks to answer that question with a nationwide survey of library professionals.

Evaluation Of Objective Methods For Analyzing Ipsilateral Motor Evoked Potentials In Stroke Survivors With Chronic Upper Extremity Motor Impairment, Xin Li, Jayme S. Knutson, Xiaofeng Wang, Ken Uchino, Ela B. Plow, David A. Cunningham

Faculty Scholarship

Objective. Ipsilateral motor evoked potentials (iMEPs) are believed to represent cortically evoked excitability of uncrossed brainstem-mediated pathways. In the event of extensive injury to (crossed) corticospinal pathways, which can occur following a stroke, uncrossed ipsilateral pathways may serve as an alternate resource to support the recovery of the paretic limb. However, iMEPs, even in neurally intact people, can be small, infrequent, and noisy, so discerning them in stroke survivors is very challenging. This study aimed to investigate the inter-rater reliability of iMEP features (presence/absence, amplitude, area, onset, and offset) to evaluate the reliability of existing methods for objectively analyzing iMEPs …

Characterization Of The Gut Microbiome In Alzheimer Disease And Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults In Uganda: A Case-Control Study, Martha Sajatovic, Scott M. Williams

Faculty Scholarship

Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with significant shifts in the gut microbiome and is characterized by reduced microbial diversity and changes in the abundance of specific taxa. These alterations can disrupt the gut-brain axis, leading to increased intestinal permeability ("leaky gut"), systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Such microbial changes are thought to contribute to neurodegenerative changes, as observed in AD and cognitive decline, thus emphasizing the role of the microbiome in aging-related neurological health. Our study in urban and rural population in Uganda recruited 104 participants aged 60 years and older, categorized into AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and control …

Consensus Recommendations Regarding Local And Metastasis-Directed Therapies In The Management Of Relapsed/Recurrent Ewing Sarcoma, Shauna R. Campbell, Erin Murphy, Matteo Trucco Pediatrics

Faculty Scholarship

Limited randomized or prospective data are available to guide local/metastasis directed therapy (LMDT) in relapsed/recurrent Ewing sarcoma (RR-ES), resulting in uncertainty regarding best clinical practice for these patients. This report reviews the available literature on LMDT approaches and provides consensus recommendations regarding therapeutic decision making, timing, and indications for the use of LMDT in the management of RR-ES. LMDT should be considered on a case-by-case basis to assess appropriateness, optimal timing/modality, palliative versus curative intent, and its role in relation to chemotherapy. One commonly used LMDT is radiotherapy (RT), which can be delivered through standard, hypofractionated, or stereotactic techniques based …

Glycation Metabolites Predict Incident Age-Related Comorbidities And Mortality In Older People With Hiv, Xi Qiao, Liangliang Zhang, Ming Wang

Faculty Scholarship

Glycation is a class of modifications arising from non-enzymatic reactions of reducing sugars with proteins, lipids, and/or DNA, generating advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are linked to many age-related comorbidities. In response to HIV-1 infection, activated T-cells and macrophages shift their predominate metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. Increased glycolytic flux enhances AGE formation, which may increase age-related comorbidities. In this prospective, multicenter cohort study of antiretroviral therapy treated people with HIV, we explored predictive associations by baseline plasma AGE concentrations and their corresponding detoxification metabolites, with incident comorbidities and mortality. AGEs included dicarbonyl sugars: 3-deoxyglucosone, glyoxal, and methylglyoxal. Methylglyoxal-derived …