Digital Commons Network^™

Some Regulatory Implications Of Technology Assessment, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

To conclude this wide-ranging panel discussion, I want to briefly address two aspects of regulation which have been troublesome, and for which Technology Assessment may be particularly useful.

The first aspect, which relates to radiation and other hazardous substances in general, is the increasingly important regulatory function of forcing the development and application of appropriate control technologies on industry-normally, the development and application of devices and techniques to protect public and worker health and safety. The question becomes: Is the regulatory program appropriately forcing and guiding necessary advances in control techniques and their timely use?

Blue Cross: What Went Wrong?, Frances H. Miller

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Scope Of The Sixth Amendment: Who Is A Criminal Defendant?, David Rossman

Faculty Scholarship

When the Supreme Court, in Argersinger v. Hamlin, extended the right to counsel to misdemeanor defendants facing imprisonment, it raised the prospect of an eventual expansion of this right to defendants in all criminal prosecutions. This expansion appears to be the probable culmination of the historical development of the right to counsel. While prediction from a trend is never fully satisfactory, a trend toward such expansion exists nonetheless. The interpretation of the scope of the sixth amendment right to counsel as applied to the states has evolved from application to defendants in capital cases, to application to those whose lack …

Disclosure Of Hidden Energy Demands: A New Challenge For Nepa, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

The specialization of the American economy obscures the identity of the ultimate users of energy, even from themselves. As a result consumers remain ignorant of the amount of energy which they use, and of the efficiency of that usage. Direct personal use of energy in the United States, such as electricity and natural gas for home heating, cooking and lighting, and gasoline for private automobiles, accounts for only about one-third of national energy use. Usage by industry and government to provide for the intermediate and final goods and services, for which we as individuals ultimately pay through our purchases and …

The Future Of Sentencing Reform: Emerging Legal Issues In The Individualization Of Justice, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

The dilemma of the American sentencing judge is qualitatively unique. Because our system of criminal justice has embraced to a degree unequaled elsewhere the rehabilitative ideal that punishment should fit not the crime, but the particular criminal, the sentencing judge must labor to fulfill the dual and sometimes conflicting roles of judge and clinician. Entrusted with enormous discretion, he is expected to "individualize" the sentence he imposes to suit the character, social history, and potential for recidivism of the offender before him. Yet, because of the general absence in our Sentencing Reform system of meaningful procedures for the appellate review …

Constitutional Regulation Of Provisional Creditor Remedies: The Cost Of Procedural Due Process, Robert E. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years a series of Supreme Court decisions has purported to envelop the rights of defaulting debtors in an enlarged concept of procedural due process. The central theme underlying this development is clearly an attempt by the Court to impose some degree of constitutional control on the exercise of provisional creditor remedies. The path that leads from Sniadach v. Family Finance Corp. to North Georgia Finishing, Inc. v. Di-Chem, Inc., is however, far from clear and the cases have provoked serious questioning of the meaning and impact of this doctrine. Due process as reflected in Sniadach and Fuentes …

The Unbundling Of Higher Education, William K.S. Wang

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Coupling, Parenting And The Presence Of Others Intimate Relationships In Communal Households, D. Kelly Weisberg, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Dennis Jaffe

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Professional Standards Review Organizations And Health Maintenance Organizations: Are They Compatible?, Clark C. Havighurst, Randall R. Bovbjerg

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Distributional Effects Of Income Tax Revision: Some Lessons From Incidence Analysis, Michael J. Graetz

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years public attention to issues of tax equity has increased dramatically. The testimony in January 1969 of outgoing Secretary of the Treasury Joseph Barr that 154 individuals who had adjusted gross incomes of more than $200,000 in 1966 paid no federal income tax intensified public awareness and concern about the equity of the tax system. Tax reform has remained a central issue of public policy.

At the same time, scholars working in the tax field have refined their methods of analyzing the impact on individuals and classes of individuals of tax laws and tax changes. Theoretical advances in …

Evidence, Frank W. Elliott

Faculty Scholarship

During the past year there were a number of cases of interest dealing with various aspects of the hearsay rule.

Product Liability: A Study Of The Interaction Of Law And Technology, Aaron Twerski, Alvin S. Weinstein, Henry R. Piehler, William A. Donaher

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Occupational Diseases Under Workmen’S Compensation Laws, Arthur Larson

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Federal Regulation Of The Health Care Delivery System: A Foreword In The Nature Of A Package Insert, Clark C. Havighurst

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Drug Control In Iran: A Legal And Historical Analysis, Thomas Quinn

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Uses Of Scientific Information In Environmental Decision Making, Marcia R. Gelpe

Faculty Scholarship

This Article explores the response of the legal system to the uncertainty which is inherent in the scientific analysis of environmental impact. The first principle of due process is that the assignment of responsibility correspond with the actor who did in fact cause the injury. We argue that existing concepts of cause-in-fact, the foundation of liability, place potentially severe constraints on the ability of the legal system to respond to the need to minimize the risks of future environmental injury. Further, these constraints exist to some degree regardless of whether the prohibitions or restrictions take the form of adjudication, administrative …

Haunting Shadows From The Rubble Of Roe’S Right Of Privacy, Jacqueline Nolan-Haley

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Psychosurgery: The Law's Response, George J. Annas, Leonard H. Glantz

Faculty Scholarship

Participants in the psychosurgery controversy generally espouse one of three competing points of view. First, there are the surgeons who argue that psychosurgical procedures have developed beyond the experimental stage to the point where they may be considered therapeutic for certain types of patients. Second, there are those who support further research in the area in the hope of developing genuinely therapeutic procedures, but who recognize the importance of safeguarding against potential abuses in the course of this development. Finally, there are the anti-psychosurgeons, who argue for the total prohibition of psychosurgery on ethical, spiritual, or political grounds independent of …

Volunteering Children: Parental Commitment Of Minors To Mental Institutions, James W. Ellis

Faculty Scholarship

In most states,' parents may commit their children to mental institutions without a hearing or any other form of judicial scrutiny. If a parent wants a child committed, and a hospital will accept the child as a patient, no legal authority will hear the child's protest. Moreover, the child-patient has no standing to petition for release from the institution until he or she reaches the statutory age of majority. Until that time any request for discharge must be made by the parent. Thus, the minor admitted to a mental hospital on application of a parent is denied access to virtually …

Conflicts Between Seamen’S Remedies And Workmen’S Compensation Acts, Arthur Larson

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Patient Rights Advocate: Redefinig The Doctor-Patient Relationship In The Hospital Context, George J. Annas, Joseph M. Healey Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

As Western man approaches the last quarter of the twentieth century, he is developing the power to control the forces of nature. Few areas of human behavior have not been affected by new technologies. In health care, progress has been dramatic in such areas as the determination of prenatal genetic defects through amniocentesis, asexual reproduction through artificial insemination, the use of an artificial placenta, cloning,artifical modification of man-especially through transplantation, ' modification of human behavior through psychosurgery and chemotherapy,' and the mechanical postponement of death. No aspect of health care has escaped the impact of technology.

Private Use Of Public Facilities: A Comment On Gilmore V. City Of Montgomery, Larry Yackle

Faculty Scholarship

Perhaps the principal shortcoming of constitutional adjudication in the Supreme Court of the United States is the Court's recurrent failure to set forth principles of decision that rise above the result reached in any particular case.' The other branches of the national government, the states, the bar, and ultimately the public at large require guidance concerning the pressing constitutional issues of the day. That guidance can come only from the Supreme Court, for, to be sure, "[i]t is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is."2 To the extent the Court shrinks from …

Environmental Law And Construction Project Management, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

Construction project management generally proceeds through sequential stages of project conception, planning, site acquisition, design and construction. Traditionally, citizens and public officials have relied on various elements of American common law to prevent, abate or get compensation for injuries resulting from the final construction stage of project management. Common law concepts of nuisance, negligence and trespass have been applied by the courts to situations where essentially private rights have been infringed by debris, runoff, noise, vibrations, structural damage and other byproducts of the construction process. The common law has therefore indirectly served as an environmental control on construction activities in …

Due Process And Consumer Protection: Concepts And Realities In Procedure And Substance–Class Action Issues, James R. Mccall

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Beyond The Best Interests Of The Child, Joanna B. Strauss, Peter Strauss

Faculty Scholarship

Identifying just principles for minimizing and resolving disputes over child custody remains one of the law's knots. King Solomon's renowned gambit for resolving the claims of two women to a newborn child was in fact the easy case: only one of the two contenders had a just claim; only one of the two contenders was prepared to be responsible; and in that first of reported cases, the judge had the advantage of surprise. Yet where each potential custodian has a claim, where each is equally prepared (or unprepared) to sacrifice his interests for the child, and where the rules of …

The Individualization Of Excusing Conditions, George P. Fletcher

Faculty Scholarship

The excusing conditions of the criminal law are variations of the theme "I couldn't help myself' or "I didn't mean to do it." In this respect the defenses known as necessity, duress, insanity and mistake of law are but extensions of homely, routine apologies for causing harm and violating the rules of social and family life. While we use the plea "I couldn't help myself" to cover the full range of excusing circumstances, each of the formal excuses of the criminal law has a limited sphere. As a general matter, these spheres are dictated by the type of circumstances rendering …

"Uncle Sam", The Product Safety Man: Consumer Product Safety Standards In The Marketplace And In The Courts, Marsha N. Cohen, James A. Brodsky

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of Variable Life Insurance, Tamar Frankel

Faculty Scholarship

On November 29, 1971 the American Life Convention and Life Insurance Association of America filed a petition with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to exempt certain variable life insurance policies and separate accounts funding them from the provisions of the federal securities acts.¹ The petition had been preceded by informal negotiations by the insurance industry for a decision by the SEC "not to assert jurisdiction" over such policies and accounts.² The Commission's staff declined to recommend primarily because the staff felt that other interested parties ought to be heard before a determination was made which might adversely …

Technology Assessment And Social Control, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

The emerging concepts of corporate responsibility and technology assessment are, to a considerable extent, responses to problems arising from technological developments and their applications by industry and government. These problems appear in the relatively discrete sectors of consumer protection and occupational safety and in the diffuse sectors of community quality of life and the national and international environments.

Regulation Of Health Facilities And Services By “Certificate Of Need”, Clark C. Havighurst

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.