Digital Commons Network^™

Aga Institute Rapid Review Of The Gi And Liver Manifestations Of Covid-19, Meta-Analysis Of International Data, And Recommendations For The Consultative Management Of Patients With Covid-19, Perica Davitkov, Yngve Falck-Ytter

Faculty Scholarship

Background & aims: Multiple gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain, as well as liver enzyme abnormalities, have been variably reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This document provides best practice statements and recommendations for consultative management based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of international data on GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search to identify published and unpublished studies using OVID Medline and preprint servers (medRxiv, LitCovid, and SSRN) up until April 5, 2020; major journal sites were monitored for US publications until April 19, 2020. We pooled …

Multiple Local Synaptic Modifications At Specific Sensorimotor Connections After Learning Are Associated With Behavioral Adaptations That Are Components Of A Global Response Change, Hillel J. Chiel

Faculty Scholarship

Learning causes local changes in synaptic connectivity and coordinated, global changes affecting many aspects of behavior. How do local synaptic changes produce global behavioral changes? In the hermaphroditic mollusc Aplysia, after learning that food is inedible, memory is expressed as bias to reject a food, and to reduce responses to that food. We now show that memory is also expressed as an increased bias to reject even a non-food object. The increased bias to rejection is partially explained by changes in synaptic connections from primary mechano-afferents to five follower neurons with well-defined roles in producing different feeding behaviors. Previously, these …

Changes In Gastroenterology And Endoscopy Practices In Response To The Covid-19 Pandemic: Results From A North American Survey, Zachary L. Smith

Faculty Scholarship

Digestive manifestations appear to be common in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). Gastroenterologists will invariably come into contact with infected patients, and the risk of intraprocedural exposure is well established. Recommendations have been issued to guide personal protective equipment (PPE) use and the triage of procedural urgency, among other operational considerations. In response, institutions providing gastroenterology and endoscopy services have taken urgent action to protect patients and staff, but the uptake and extent of these practice changes in North America is unknown. We conducted a survey of gastroenterology and endoscopy practices to assess the response to the COVID-19 pandemic …

Head And Neck Survivorship Care In The Times Of The Sars-Cov-2 Pandemic, Victoria Huang

Faculty Scholarship

With the arrival of the coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) in the United States, care practice paradigms have drastically changed. Data from China suggest that the new virus poses additional risks as case fatality of patients with cancer was higher at 5.6% compared to 2.3% of the general population. There are three proposed major strategies to address care for patients with cancer in this SARS-CoV-2 pandemic with postponing treatment for those with stable cancer, increasing personal protection provisions for patients with cancer, and increasing monitoring if a patient becomes infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this present commentary, we discuss the unique mental health …

Aaron Burr Jr. And John Pierre Burr: A Founding Father And His Abolitionist Son, Sherri Burr

Faculty Scholarship

Aaron Burr Jr. (Class of 1772), the third Vice President of the United States, fathered two children by a woman of color from Calcutta, India. Their son, John Pierre Burr (1792-1864), would become an activist, abolitionist, and conductor on the Underground Railroad.

Technological Triage Of Immigration Cases, Fatma Marouf, Luz E. Herrera

Faculty Scholarship

In the medical profession, triage refers to sorting medical resources in emergency situations based on the greatest need for immediate attention. Similarly, legal service providers talk about “triaging” cases to prioritize individuals with the most serious problems. But in the immigration field, the concept of triage is turned on its head. Noncitizens with the riskiest cases—those facing deportation—have the least access to legal assistance, especially if they are detained. Technology has the potential to help with triage but is not yet being used effectively to assist with deportation defense. This Article argues that utilizing technology to facilitate access to representation …

Mediating Psychiatric Disability Accommodations For Workers In Violent Times, Michael Z. Green

Faculty Scholarship

Most workers in the United States are unhappy. Manifestations of that dissatisfaction can result in many workplace dilemmas when confronted with the situation of an employee dealing with mental illness. Fears of violence in our society have become prevalent with the increasing ferocity of high-profile and mass attacks in and out of the workplace. In believing mental illness contributes to some of these incidents, employers and co-workers have become extremely sensitive when a co-worker with a psychiatric disability has exhibited harassing or threatening behavior.

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was amended by the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA), …

Reassessing Aspects Of The Contribution Of African States To The Development Of International Law Through African Regional Multilateral Treaties, Tiyanjana Maluwa

Faculty Scholarship

For decades, debates about Africa’s contribution to the development of international law have been dominated by two opposing schools of thought. First, that European colonial powers deliberately erased Africa and Africans from the history of the creation and use of international law. Second, that, on the contrary, over the last six decades (since the emergence of the newly independent African states in the late 1950s and early 1960s), Africa has contributed to the making of international law and has not been merely a passive recipient of a Eurocentric international law.

This article underscores the role of the postcolonial periphery in …

Mr. Gorsuch, Meet Mr. Marshall: A Private-Law Framework For The Public-Law Puzzle Of Subdelegation, Gary S. Lawson

Faculty Scholarship

In the wake of Gundy v. United States, 139 S.Ct. 2116 (2019), there is reason to think that five Justices might be willing to consider reviving the constitutional non-subdelegation doctrine. But in what form? Judges and scholars have labored for more than two centuries to come up with a legally rigorous standard for evaluating the permissible scope and breadth of congressional grants of discretion to executive and judicial agents. Some, such as Justice Scalia, eventually gave up in despair. That is a grave mistake. Lawyers had faced subdelegation questions for centuries before the Constitution was ratified, in the context of …

Geospatial Analysis Of Covid-19 And Otolaryngologists Above Age 60, Jeremy S. Ruthberg, Humzah A. Quereshy, Tarun K. Jella, Brian D'Anza, Nicole Maronian, Todd D. Otteson

Faculty Scholarship

Objective: The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is disproportionately impacting older individuals and healthcare workers. Otolaryngologists are especially susceptible with the elevated risk of aerosolization and corresponding high viral loads. This study utilizes a geospatial analysis to illustrate the comparative risks of older otolaryngologists across the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and materials: Demographic and state population data were extracted from the State Physician Workforce Reports published by the AAMC for the year 2018. A geospatial heat map of the United States was then constructed to illustrate the location of COVID-19 confirmed case counts and the distributions of ENTs …

It's Not The Heat, It's The Humidity: Effectiveness Of A Rice Cooker-Steamer For Decontamination Of Cloth And Surgical Face Masks And N95 Respirators, Sarah N. Redmond, Lucas D. Jones, Curtis J. Donskey

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Virtual Visits For Care Of Patients With Heart Failure In The Era Of Covid-19: A Statement From The Heart Failure Society Of America, Eiran Z. Gorodeski

Faculty Scholarship

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, US federal and state governments have implemented wide-ranging stay-at-home recommendations as a means to reduce spread of infection. As a consequence, many US healthcare systems and practices have curtailed ambulatory clinic visits—pillars of care for patients with heart failure (HF). In this context, synchronous audio/video interactions, also known as virtual visits (VVs), have emerged as an innovative and necessary alternative. This scientific statement outlines the benefits and challenges of VVs, enumerates changes in policy and reimbursement that have increased the feasibility of VVs during the COVID-19 era, describes platforms and models of care for …

Social Work, Ethics And Vulnerable Groups In The Time Of Coronavirus And Covid-19, Kathleen J. Farkas, Jaroslaw Richard Romaniuk

Faculty Scholarship

The profession of social work is dedicated to the betterment of society and to the protection of marginalized and vulnerable groups. The profession’s mission is detailed in the set of seven core values: service; social justice; dignity and work of the person; importance of human relationships; integrity; and competence. Relationships between people and among groups are the primary tools of social work assessment, intervention and evaluation. In the time of coronavirus and COVID-19, there are many challenges for professional practitioners to adhere to social work’s core values as well as to maintain their own health and welfare in a time …

Practice Recommendations For Lung Cancer Radiotherapy During The Covid-19 Pandemic: An Estro-Astro Consensus Statement, Gregory Videtic

Faculty Scholarship

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused radiotherapy resource pressures and led to increased risks for lung cancer patients and healthcare staff. An international group of experts in lung cancer radiotherapy established this practice recommendation pertaining to whether and how to adapt radiotherapy for lung cancer in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: For this ESTRO & ASTRO endorsed project, 32 experts in lung cancer radiotherapy contributed to a modified Delphi consensus process. We assessed potential adaptations of radiotherapy in two pandemic scenarios. The first, an early pandemic scenario of risk mitigation, is characterized by an altered risk-benefit ratio of radiotherapy for lung …

Covid-19 Pandemic Through The Lens Of A Gastroenterology Fellow, Raj Shah, Sagarika Satyavada, Mayada Ismail, Michael Kurin, Zachary L. Smith, Gregory S. Cooper, Amitabh Chak

Faculty Scholarship

On Tuesday, March 10, 2020, an institutional e-mail sent from our hospital president confirmed the first 3 cases of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in our healthcare system. Twenty-four hours later, we learned that one of our co-fellows had been exposed and was forced into self-quarantine. Suddenly, what had seemed to be a distant problem hit close to home. As we sat around the “fellows’ room” (socially distanced as much as possible in the luxurious expanse that is common to fellows’ quarters), the uncertainty about our future raised several questions. How would we be impacted as we journeyed through …

Value Tracing And Priority In Cross-Border Group Bankruptcies: Solving The Nortel Problem From The Bottom Up, Edward Janger, Stephan Madaus

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

"Mommy Track" On Steroids: How The Pandemic Is Further Derailing "Moms Of Law", Lysette Romero Córdova

Faculty Scholarship

As students or professors with children to raise, we inherently experience law school differently from our male and childless peers—and not in a good way. Even before the pandemic hit, the Moms of Law were at a disadvantage because we must divide our time and attention between the demands of law school and parenting. Thus, while the pandemic has created challenges for everyone involved in legal education, the inequitable impact on those raising young children has brought new meaning to the term “mommy track.” Part I of this essay describes the mommy track experience and how the inequity that it …

Irena At 10: Post Paris Transitions And Energy Diplomacy Beyond Opec, The Energy Charter Treaty, And The Coronavirus, Nadia B. Ahmad

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Re-Reading Anita Bernstein's The Common Law Inside The Female Body From The Bottom Of The Well: Analysis Of The Central Park Five, Border Drownings, The Kavanaugh Confirmation, And The Coronavirus, Nadia B. Ahmad

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Uk & Ksa Vats: A Cutting-Edge Proposal – Mini-Blockchain And Vatcoin, Richard Thompson Ainsworth, Musaad Alwohaibi, Mike Cheetham

Faculty Scholarship

This paper develops, extends, and clarifies themes introduced in five prior papers dealing with blockchain, and VATCoin in the context of both (a) the new VATs in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), and (b) the mature VATs in the EU. Five additional papers on VAT technology advances in Fiji, with blockchain and VATCoin applications to New Zealand’s approach to online sales platforms (the Netlix Tax) are similarly referenced and extended. The GCC VAT papers were exploratory. For the most part, they were composed before any GCC jurisdiction had implemented a VAT, and in three instances even before the GCC Framework …

The Elastic Meaning(S) Of Human Trafficking, Julie A. Dahlstrom

Faculty Scholarship

What is human trafficking? When is an expansive definition of trafficking justifiable? How does trafficking relate to other concepts—like domestic violence, sexual assault, labor exploitation, and prostitution—with which it often overlaps? These questions have become increasingly salient after the U.S. Congress defined the crime of human trafficking in the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (“TVPA”). Since then, all fifty states have passed legislation with varying definitions of the crime. Congress also has re-entered the field with subsequent legislation, expanding the crime to capture new conduct.
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Revisiting A Classic Problem In Statutory Interpretation: Is A Minister A Laborer?, Lawrence Solan, Tammy Gales

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Give Me Liberty, Or Give Me Breath: A Call For Economic Justice, Verónica C. Gonzales

Faculty Scholarship

In Part I of this essay I interpret this unique moment in history through a retelling of the folk story La Llorona in order to identify the monsters and ghosts of the past and the present. Domino Renee Perez describes her own critical reflection of La Llorona as reinforcing 'a valuable lesson about power and authority' because her family’s 'storytelling circle was more than simply an arbitrary setting; it was a safe place for them to create, however problematically, a world of words, where they faced the dangers and challenges of life, embodied by a woman, and survived.' The lore …

Aga Institute Rapid Recommendations For Gastrointestinal Procedures During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Perica Davitkov, Yngve Falck-Ytter

Faculty Scholarship

Multiple questions have been raised regarding the GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19 infection and the implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on GI endoscopy. A joint society statement by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, the American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy on March 15, 2020 highlighted the potential for SARS-CoV-2 transmission through droplets, an established mode of transmission, and possibly fecal shedding, and the associated risk for transmission to endoscopy personnel during GI endoscopy procedures. In this document, we seek to summarize the data and provide evidence-based …

The Cognitive And Psychological Effects Of Youtube Video Captions And Subtitles On Higher-Level German Language Learners, Peter Yang

Faculty Scholarship

This study reviews the psychological and cognitive role of using videos, YouTube videos and modes of text support in foreign language learning, with a focus on the effect that captioning and subtitling YouTube videos have on intermediate-high and advanced German language learners. The results of the study found that enhanced captioning plays a more positive role on the intermediate-high and advanced German learners’ motivation likely due to more efficient language processing; more specifically the videos are able to provide linguistic integrity, which allows the language learners to focus their incidental attention effectively. The findings provide useful insights into and enthusiasm …

Mobile App To Help People With Chronic Illness Reflect On Their Strengths: Formative Evaluation And Usability Testing, Kurt Stange

Faculty Scholarship

Background: Supporting patient engagement and empowerment is increasingly seen as essential in providing person-centered health care to people with chronic illness. Mobile apps helping patients reflect on their concerns as preparation for consultations with their health care providers can have beneficial effects on the consultation quality. However, apps focusing on empowerment and personal strengths are still scarce. Objective: This study aimed to (1) develop a mobile app to support patients with rheumatic diseases in reflecting on their strengths in preparation for consultations with health care providers and (2) explore patients’ perceived usability of the app in a nonclinical test setting. …

Quantifying Nutrient Throughput And Dom Production By Algae In Continuous Culture, Anne Willem Omta

Faculty Scholarship

Freshwater and marine algae can balance nutrient demand and availability by regulating uptake, accumulation and exudation. To obtain insight into these processes under nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) limitation, we reanalyze published data from continuous cultures of the chlorophyte Selenastrum minutum . Based on mass budgets, we argue that much of the non-limiting N and P had passed through the organisms and was present as dissolved organic phosphorus or nitrogen (DOP or DON). We construct a model that describes the production of biomass and dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a function of the growth rate. A fit of this model …

Gallucci's Commentary On Dürer’S 'Four Books On Human Proportion': Renaissance Proportion Theory, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

In 1591, Giovanni Paolo Gallucci published his Della simmetria dei corpi humani, an Italian translation of Albrecht Dürer’s Four Books on Human Proportion. While Dürer’s treatise had been translated earlier in the sixteenth-century into French and Latin, it was Gallucci’s Italian translation that endured in popularity as the most cited version of the text in later Baroque treatises, covering topics that were seen as central to arts education, connoisseurship, patronage, and the wider appreciation of the studia humanitatis in general.

The text centres on the relationships between beauty and proportion, macrocosm and microcosm: relationships that were not only essential to …

How The Show Goes On: Using The Aesthetic Experience Of Collective Performance To Adapt While Coordinating, John Paul Stephens

Faculty Scholarship

Coordinating in action groups consists of continuously adapting behaviors in response to fluctuating conditions, ideally with limited disruption to a group’s collective performance. Through an 18-month ethnography of how members of a community choir maintained beautiful, ongoing performance, I explored how they continuously adapted their coordinating, starting when they felt that their collective performance was fragmented or falling apart. The process model I developed shows that this aesthetic experience—the sense of fragmentation based on inputs from the bodily senses—leads to emotional triggering, meaning group members’ emotions prompt changes in their attention and behavior. They then distribute their attention in new …

Why The Nineteenth Amendment Matters Today: A Guide For The Centennial, Neil S. Siegel

Faculty Scholarship

The story of the Nineteenth Amendment includes a half-century of social movement contestation over whether permitting women to vote would destroy or democratize the American family and the American constitutional structure. This Essay revisits that story—an unfinished narrative of both disappointment and hope—in the service of identifying reasons why it relates to the lives of contemporary Americans. The overarching objective of the Essay is to suggest that the full story of the Nineteenth Amendment has always involved much more than a narrow debate over a determinate decision rule regarding women’s access to the franchise. To accomplish that objective, the Essay …