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Taxation And The Constitution, Reconsidered, David Gamage, John R. Brooks Oct 2022

Taxation And The Constitution, Reconsidered, David Gamage, John R. Brooks

Faculty Publications

Our current income tax is unable to address growing concentrations of financial wealth and resulting economic inequality. But reforms to address these problems—such as a wealth tax or an income tax on unrealized capital gains—are stymied by fears of unconstitutionality. The basic claim is that wealth taxes and similar reforms are “direct taxes” under the Apportionment Clauses of the Constitution, and since apportionment is not feasible, these taxes are impossible. But this claim is wrong.

This Article shows that there is in fact a long history of federal taxes similar to wealth taxes—both apportioned and uniform—and a well-developed constitutional tax …

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Probiotic Characteristics Of Streptococcus Thermophilus And Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Ssp. Bulgaricus As Influenced By Carao (Cassia Grandis), David Paz, Ricardo S. Aleman, Roberto Cedillos, Douglas W. Olson, Kayanush Aryana, Jhunior Marcia, Charles Boeneke Oct 2022

Probiotic Characteristics Of Streptococcus Thermophilus And Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Ssp. Bulgaricus As Influenced By Carao (Cassia Grandis), David Paz, Ricardo S. Aleman, Roberto Cedillos, Douglas W. Olson, Kayanush Aryana, Jhunior Marcia, Charles Boeneke

Faculty Publications

Carao is considered a functional ingredient since its bioactive compounds are meaningful in nutritional, pharmacological, and medicinal applications. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of carao pulp powder on the bacterial viability, acid tolerance, bile tolerance, and protease activity of S. thermophilus STI-06 and L. bulgaricus LB-12. M17 broth with 0.5% lactose and MRS broth were used for S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus, respectively, for determining bacterial viability, acid tolerance, and bile tolerance. Skim milk was used to study the protease activity of both bacteria. The carao was added at 0 (control), 1.3, 2.6, and 5.3 …

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Single-Screen Bark Particle Separation Can Be Used To Engineer Stratified Substrate Systems, Jeb S. Fields, Kristopher S. Criscione, Ashley Edwards Oct 2022

Single-Screen Bark Particle Separation Can Be Used To Engineer Stratified Substrate Systems, Jeb S. Fields, Kristopher S. Criscione, Ashley Edwards

Faculty Publications

Substrate stratification is an emerging substrate management strategy involving layering multiple substrate materials within a single container to modify physiochemical characteristics of the substrate system. Specifically, stratifying allows growers and researchers to rearrange the air–water balance within a container to modify hydraulic characteristics. Moreover, fertilizer can be incorporated into just the upper strata to reduce leaching. Research to date has shown benefits associated with resource efficiency, production timing, and weed control. With the associated benefits for substrate stratification, interested growers will need pragmatic solutions for onsite trials. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify a cost-effective solution for …

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Characterization Of Resistance To The Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Among Sugarcane Cultivars, Leonardo D. Salgado, Blake E. Wilson, Hannah J. Penn, Randy T. Richard, Michael O. Way Oct 2022

Characterization Of Resistance To The Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Among Sugarcane Cultivars, Leonardo D. Salgado, Blake E. Wilson, Hannah J. Penn, Randy T. Richard, Michael O. Way

Faculty Publications

Cultivar resistance is an essential management strategy for the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), in sugarcane in the USA, but resistance mechanisms are poorly understood. Resistance was evaluated among Louisiana’s (USA) commercial sugarcane cultivars and experimental clones through field screenings, greenhouse trials, and a diet incorporation assay. Cultivars L 01-299 and HoCP 85-845 had the lowest borer injury levels, while HoCP 00-950 and L 12-201 were among the most heavily injured in field and greenhouse trials. The variability of results between the two field trials suggests that a genotype × environment interaction might affect the expression of resistance. Oviposition …

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Genome-Wide Epistatic Interaction Between Def1b And Apol1 High-Risk Genotypes For Chronic Kidney Disease, Ha My T. Vy, Bridget M. Lin, Faris F. Gulamali, Charles Kooperberg, Mariaelisa Graff, Jenny Wong, Kirk N. Campbell, Tara C. Matise, Josef Coresh, Fridtjof Thomas, Alexander P. Reiner, Rami Nassir, Peter F. Schnatz, Tanya Johns, Steven Buyske, Christopher Haiman, Richard Cooper, Ruth J.F. Loos, Carol R. Horowitz, Orlando M. Gutierrez, Ron Do, Nora Franceschini, Girish N. Nadkarni Oct 2022

Genome-Wide Epistatic Interaction Between Def1b And Apol1 High-Risk Genotypes For Chronic Kidney Disease, Ha My T. Vy, Bridget M. Lin, Faris F. Gulamali, Charles Kooperberg, Mariaelisa Graff, Jenny Wong, Kirk N. Campbell, Tara C. Matise, Josef Coresh, Fridtjof Thomas, Alexander P. Reiner, Rami Nassir, Peter F. Schnatz, Tanya Johns, Steven Buyske, Christopher Haiman, Richard Cooper, Ruth J.F. Loos, Carol R. Horowitz, Orlando M. Gutierrez, Ron Do, Nora Franceschini, Girish N. Nadkarni

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Variability In Energy Expenditure Is Much Greater In Males Than Females, Lewis G. Halsey, Vincent Careau, Herman Pontzer, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G.J.A. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Richard Cooper, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas Oct 2022

Variability In Energy Expenditure Is Much Greater In Males Than Females, Lewis G. Halsey, Vincent Careau, Herman Pontzer, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.C. Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G.J.A. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Richard Cooper, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas

Faculty Publications

In mammals, trait variation is often reported to be greater among males than females. However, to date, mainly only morphological traits have been studied. Energy expenditure represents the metabolic costs of multiple physical, physiological, and behavioral traits. Energy expenditure could exhibit particularly high greater male variation through a cumulative effect if those traits mostly exhibit greater male variation, or a lack of greater male variation if many of them do not. Sex differences in energy expenditure variation have been little explored. We analyzed a large database on energy expenditure in adult humans (1494 males and 3108 females) to investigate whether …

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The Small Ras Superfamily Gtpase Rho4 Of The Maize Anthracnose Fungus Colletotrichum Graminicola Is Required For Β-1,3-Glucan Synthesis, Cell Wall Integrity, And Full Virulence, Ely Oliveira-Garcia, Lala Aliyeva-Schnorr, Alan De Oliveira Silva, Seif El Din Ghanem, Kathrin Thor, Edgar Peiter, Holger B. Deising Oct 2022

The Small Ras Superfamily Gtpase Rho4 Of The Maize Anthracnose Fungus Colletotrichum Graminicola Is Required For Β-1,3-Glucan Synthesis, Cell Wall Integrity, And Full Virulence, Ely Oliveira-Garcia, Lala Aliyeva-Schnorr, Alan De Oliveira Silva, Seif El Din Ghanem, Kathrin Thor, Edgar Peiter, Holger B. Deising

Faculty Publications

Small Ras superfamily GTPases are highly conserved regulatory factors of fungal cell wall biosynthesis and morphogenesis. Previous experiments have shown that the Rho4-like protein of the maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, formerly erroneously annotated as a Rho1 protein, physically interacts with the β-1,3-glucan synthase Gls1 (Lange et al., 2014; Curr. Genet. 60:343–350). Here, we show that Rho4 is required for β-1,3-glucan synthesis. Accordingly, Δrho4 strains formed distorted vegetative hyphae with swellings, and exhibited strongly reduced rates of hyphal growth and defects in asexual sporulation. Moreover, on host cuticles, conidia of Δrho4 strains formed long hyphae with hyphopodia, rather than short …

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Inheritance Of Resistance To Cry1a.105 In Helicoverpa Zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Wenbo Yu, Graham P. Head, Fangneng Huang Oct 2022

Inheritance Of Resistance To Cry1a.105 In Helicoverpa Zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Wenbo Yu, Graham P. Head, Fangneng Huang

Faculty Publications

Cry1A.105 is a bioengineered Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal protein consisting of three domains derived from Cry1Ac, Cry1Ab, and Cry1F. It is one of the two pyramided Bt toxins expressed in the MON 89034 event, a commonly planted Bt maize trait in the Americas. Recent studies have documented that field resistance of the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), to the Cry1A.105 toxin in maize plants has become widespread in the United States. To investigate the inheritance of resistance to Cry1A.105 in H. zea, two independent tests, each with various genetic crosses among susceptible and Cry1A.105-resistant populations, were performed. The responses of …

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Spatio-Temporal Features And Influencing Factors Of Homesteads Expansion At Village Scale, Jie Zhang, Shengping Liu, Zijuan Zhao, Bin Li, Beilei Fan, Guomin Zhou Oct 2022

Spatio-Temporal Features And Influencing Factors Of Homesteads Expansion At Village Scale, Jie Zhang, Shengping Liu, Zijuan Zhao, Bin Li, Beilei Fan, Guomin Zhou

Faculty Publications

The current research on the change of homesteads has rarely combined spatial information, and no expansion research has been found with a scale as detailed as the level of the homestead plots. Understanding the changing rules of homesteads expansion and its influencing factors are important to homestead reform, optimization of village layout, and cultivated land protection. In order to explore the direction, level, and spatial pattern of homesteads expansion from 2010 to 2020 and the influencing factors, by taking six villages in Deqing County as an example, this research proposed a tract division scheme based on multidistance spatial clustering and …

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Re-Training Of Convolutional Neural Networks For Glottis Segmentation In Endoscopic High-Speed Videos, Michael Döllinger, Tobias Schraut, Lea A. Henrich, Dinesh Chhetri, Matthias Echternach, Aaron M. Johnson, Melda Kunduk, Youri Maryn, Rita R. Patel, Robin Samlan, Marion Semmler, Anne Schützenberger Oct 2022

Re-Training Of Convolutional Neural Networks For Glottis Segmentation In Endoscopic High-Speed Videos, Michael Döllinger, Tobias Schraut, Lea A. Henrich, Dinesh Chhetri, Matthias Echternach, Aaron M. Johnson, Melda Kunduk, Youri Maryn, Rita R. Patel, Robin Samlan, Marion Semmler, Anne Schützenberger

Faculty Publications

Endoscopic high-speed video (HSV) systems for visualization and assessment of vocal fold dynamics in the larynx are diverse and technically advancing. To consider resulting “concepts shifts” for neural network (NN)-based image processing, re-training of already trained and used NNs is necessary to allow for sufficiently accurate image processing for new recording modalities. We propose and discuss several re-training approaches for convolutional neural networks (CNN) being used for HSV image segmentation. Our baseline CNN was trained on the BAGLS data set (58,750 images). The new BAGLS-RT data set consists of additional 21,050 images from previously unused HSV systems, light sources, and …

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Variability Of Carbon Export In The Lower Mississippi River During An Extreme Cold And Warm Year, Lee Potter, Y. Jun Xu Oct 2022

Variability Of Carbon Export In The Lower Mississippi River During An Extreme Cold And Warm Year, Lee Potter, Y. Jun Xu

Faculty Publications

The Mississippi River (MR) discharges on average 474 km3 of water annually into the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) with a large quantity of carbon, playing a vital role in the ecosystem’s food chain and water quality. In this study, we analyzed exports of dissolved inorganic (DIC) and organic carbon (DOC) from January 2021 to December 2021, during which the contiguous United States experienced one of the coldest winters as well as the hottest summer on record. Bi-weekly in situ river measurements and water sampling were conducted in the lower MR at Baton Rouge in Louisiana, USA, approximately 368 km …

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Microhabitat And Landscape Drivers Of Richness And Abundance Of Freshwater Mussels (Unionida: Unionidae) In A Coastal Plain River, Corinne T. Bird, Michael D. Kaller, Tiffany E. Pasco, William E. Kelso Oct 2022

Microhabitat And Landscape Drivers Of Richness And Abundance Of Freshwater Mussels (Unionida: Unionidae) In A Coastal Plain River, Corinne T. Bird, Michael D. Kaller, Tiffany E. Pasco, William E. Kelso

Faculty Publications

Although rivers support significant unionid mussel (Unionida: Unionidae) diversity, Gulf of Mexico tributary rivers have been subject to changes in water quality and habitat due to altered watershed land use. We quantified mussel species richness and relative abundance and environmental factors in small tributary streams of the Pearl River, Mississippi-Louisiana. Freshwater mussel and habitat surveys were conducted at 27 stream sampling sites over two summers (9 sites revisited), and coverage of seven land use categories and seven geological categories above each reach were calculated. Mussels were patchily distributed (53% of sites sampled yielded mussels) and typically not abundant (only 26% …

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A 3-D Printed Vitrification Device Integrated With French Straws, Nolan J. Tiersch, Jacqueline Paulsen, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch Oct 2022

A 3-D Printed Vitrification Device Integrated With French Straws, Nolan J. Tiersch, Jacqueline Paulsen, Yue Liu, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

The goal of this work was to develop prototypes of open-hardware vitrification devices for sperm cryopreservation that can be integrated with existing straw platforms. The open-hardware Vitrification Device for French Straws (VD-FS) is low-cost, customizable, 3-D printable, standardized, and allows long-term sample storage and identification. The feasibility was shown for vitrifying and storing samples with multiple configurations. The results can be improved by design alternation and evaluation of various vitrification solutions. This is the first complete open-hardware vitrification device that can be integrated with existing French-straw storage systems, providing a foundation for future community-level modifications and improvements.

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Cryopreservation Of Hydractinia Symbiolongicarpus Sperm To Support Community-Based Repository Development For Preservation Of Genetic Resources, Aidan L. Huene, Jack C. Koch, Lucía Arregui, Yue Liu, Matthew L. Nicotra, Virginia M. Weis, Terrence R. Tiersch Oct 2022

Cryopreservation Of Hydractinia Symbiolongicarpus Sperm To Support Community-Based Repository Development For Preservation Of Genetic Resources, Aidan L. Huene, Jack C. Koch, Lucía Arregui, Yue Liu, Matthew L. Nicotra, Virginia M. Weis, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus is an emerging model organism in which cutting-edge genomic tools and resources are being developed for use in a growing number of research fields. One limitation of this model system is the lack of long-term storage for genetic resources. The goal of this study was to establish a generalizable cryopreservation approach for Hydractinia that would support future repository development for other cnidarian species. Specific objectives were to: (1) characterize basic parameters related to sperm quality; (2) develop a generalizable approach for sperm collection; (3) assess the feasibility of in vitro fertilization (IVF) with sperm after refrigerated storage; (4) …

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Profiling Of Shelter Campers, Their Attitudes, And Perceptions Towards Environmental Impacts Of Campsite Use And Management: Evidence From National Parks Of Sri Lanka, Priyan Perera, Shashini Tara Mallikage, David Newsome, Richard Vlosky Oct 2022

Profiling Of Shelter Campers, Their Attitudes, And Perceptions Towards Environmental Impacts Of Campsite Use And Management: Evidence From National Parks Of Sri Lanka, Priyan Perera, Shashini Tara Mallikage, David Newsome, Richard Vlosky

Faculty Publications

There is a dearth of research describing the campsite user segment and in assessing camp-site users’ perceptions of the bio-physical impacts of campsite use in Sri Lanka. Using a structured questionnaire, we evaluated campsite user characteristics, visitor motivations, behaviors, and how visitor experience is affected by visible biophysical impacts at campsites. Based on underlying visitor motivations derived through a Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis, we identified three distinct segments of campsite users: Eco-tourists, Prestige seekers, and Adventure seekers. Results indicate that the overall cleanliness of the campsite is an important attribute that affects the visitor experience. The Ecotourist segment reported …

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Integration Of Qtl Mapping And Whole Genome Sequencing Identifies Candidate Genes For Alkalinity Tolerance In Rice (Oryza Sativa), Lovepreet Singh, Sapphire Coronejo, Rajat Pruthi, Sandeep Chapagain, Prasanta K. Subudhi Oct 2022

Integration Of Qtl Mapping And Whole Genome Sequencing Identifies Candidate Genes For Alkalinity Tolerance In Rice (Oryza Sativa), Lovepreet Singh, Sapphire Coronejo, Rajat Pruthi, Sandeep Chapagain, Prasanta K. Subudhi

Faculty Publications

Soil alkalinity is an important stressor that impairs crop growth and development, resulting in reduced crop productivity. Unlike salinity stress, research efforts to understand the mechanism of plant adaptation to alkaline stress is limited in rice, a major staple food for the world population. We evaluated a population of 193 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) developed from a cross between Cocodrie and N22 under alkaline stress at the seedling stage. Using a linkage map consisting of 4849 SNP markers, 42 additive QTLs were identified. There were seven genomic regions where two or more QTLs for multiple traits colocalized. Three important QTL …

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Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria In Shrimp And Shrimp Farms Of Bangladesh, Murshida Khan, Sulav Indra Paul, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Julie Anderson Lively Oct 2022

Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria In Shrimp And Shrimp Farms Of Bangladesh, Murshida Khan, Sulav Indra Paul, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Julie Anderson Lively

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of pathogenic bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli and Salmonella and Vibrio species, and their antimicrobial resistance in shrimp aquaculture facilities of Bagerhat (Bangladesh). Sediment samples were collected from both Penaeus monodon and Macrobrachium rosenbergii farms and shrimp samples from the Macrobrachium rosenbergii facility. The abovementioned bacteria were not found, but five Enterobacterales (Proteus penneri, Proteus alimentorum, Morganella morganii, Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis and Plesiomonas shigelloides) were detected. This is the first documented case of Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis in a shrimp farm. Nine antibiotics—ampicillin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline, nitrofurantoin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, …

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Novel Pcr-Based Multiplex Assays For Detecting Major Quality And Biotic Stress In Commercial And Weedy Rice, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Acga Cheng, Phaik Eem Lim, Gomathy Sethuraman, Nurul Amalina Mohd Zain, Niranjan Baisakh, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan Oct 2022

Novel Pcr-Based Multiplex Assays For Detecting Major Quality And Biotic Stress In Commercial And Weedy Rice, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Acga Cheng, Phaik Eem Lim, Gomathy Sethuraman, Nurul Amalina Mohd Zain, Niranjan Baisakh, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan

Faculty Publications

While previous research has demonstrated that multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be a cost-effective approach to detect various genes in crops, the availability of multiplex assays to simultaneously screen both grain quality and biotic stress resistance traits in rice (Oryza sativa) is limited. In this work, we report six novel multiplex assays that use a universal protocol to detect major rice grain quality (amylose content and fragrance) and biotic stress (blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight) traits with amplified products consisting of up to four primer pairs that can be analyzed using a standard agarose-based gel electrophoresis system. …

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Event-Triggered Control Of Robotic Fish With Reduced Communication Rate, Wenyu Zuo, Animesh Chakravarthy, Michael Malisoff, Zheng Chen Oct 2022

Event-Triggered Control Of Robotic Fish With Reduced Communication Rate, Wenyu Zuo, Animesh Chakravarthy, Michael Malisoff, Zheng Chen

Faculty Publications

Underwater robots often need to communicate with external localization sensors. The low bandwidth in such communications is one of the bottlenecks in achieving accurate tracking control. Toward this end, we adopt a novel periodic event-triggered control (PETC) which allows a robotic fish to reduce its communication load in tracking a desired heading angle with position feedback from an external sensor. To design the PETC, a linear state-space model is derived from a nonlinear dynamic model of the robotic fish with a small perturbation assumption. The PETC consists of an observer, state-feedback controller, integrator, event-trigger rule, and predictor. The observer and …

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Observational Constraints On Anisotropies For Bouncing Alternatives To Inflation, Ivan Agullo, Javier Olmedo, Edward Wilson-Ewing Oct 2022

Observational Constraints On Anisotropies For Bouncing Alternatives To Inflation, Ivan Agullo, Javier Olmedo, Edward Wilson-Ewing

Faculty Publications

We calculate how primordial anisotropies in the background space-time affect the evolution of cosmological perturbations for bouncing alternatives to inflation, like ekpyrosis and the matter bounce scenario. We find that the leading order effect of anisotropies in the contracting phase of the universe is to induce anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background with a very concrete form: a scale-invariant quadrupolar angular distribution. Sub-leading effects are the generation of higher-order moments in the angular distribution, as well as cross-correlations between scalar and tensor modes. We also find that observational constraints from the cosmic microwave background on the quadrupole moment provide strong …

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Cosmological Fast Optical Transients With The Zwicky Transient Facility: A Search For Dirty Fireballs, Anna Y.Q. Ho, Daniel A. Perley, Yuhan Yao, Dmitry Svinkin, A. De Ugarte Postigo, R. A. Perley, D. Alexander Kann, Eric Burns, Igor Andreoni, Eric C. Bellm, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Joshua S. Bloom, Thomas G. Brink, Richard Dekany, Andrew J. Drake, José Feliciano Agüí Fernández, Alexei V. Filippenko, Dmitry Frederiks, Matthew J. Graham, Boyan A. Hristov, Mansi M. Kasliwal, S. R. Kulkarni, Harsh Kumar, Russ R. Laher, Alexandra L. Lysenko, Bagrat Mailyan, Christian Malacaria, A. A. Miller, S. Poolakkil, Reed Riddle, Anna Ridnaia, Ben Rusholme, Volodymyr Savchenko Oct 2022

Cosmological Fast Optical Transients With The Zwicky Transient Facility: A Search For Dirty Fireballs, Anna Y.Q. Ho, Daniel A. Perley, Yuhan Yao, Dmitry Svinkin, A. De Ugarte Postigo, R. A. Perley, D. Alexander Kann, Eric Burns, Igor Andreoni, Eric C. Bellm, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Joshua S. Bloom, Thomas G. Brink, Richard Dekany, Andrew J. Drake, José Feliciano Agüí Fernández, Alexei V. Filippenko, Dmitry Frederiks, Matthew J. Graham, Boyan A. Hristov, Mansi M. Kasliwal, S. R. Kulkarni, Harsh Kumar, Russ R. Laher, Alexandra L. Lysenko, Bagrat Mailyan, Christian Malacaria, A. A. Miller, S. Poolakkil, Reed Riddle, Anna Ridnaia, Ben Rusholme, Volodymyr Savchenko

Faculty Publications

Dirty fireballs are a hypothesized class of relativistic massive-star explosions with an initial Lorentz factor Γinit below the Γinit ∼ 100 required to produce a long-duration gamma-ray burst (LGRB), but which could still produce optical emission resembling LGRB afterglows. Here we present the results of a search for on-axis optical afterglows using the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). Our search yielded seven optical transients that resemble on-axis LGRB afterglows in terms of their red colors (g − r > 0 mag), faint host galaxies (r > 23 mag), rapid fading (dr/dt > 1 mag day−1), and in some cases X-ray and radio …

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All-Sky Medium Energy Gamma-Ray Observatory Explorer Mission Concept, Regina Caputo, Marco Ajello, Carolyn A. Kierans, Jeremy S. Perkins, Judith L. Racusin, Luca Baldini, Matthew G. Baring, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Eric Burns, Nicholas Cannady, Eric Charles, Rui M.Curado Da Silva, Ke Fang, Henrike Fleischhack, Chris Fryer, Yasushi Fukazawa, J. Eric Grove, Dieter Hartmann, Eric J. Howell, Manoj Jadhav, Christopher M. Karwin, Daniel Kocevski, Naoko Kurahashi, Luca Latronico, Tiffany R. Lewis, Richard Leys, Amy Lien, Lea Marcotulli, Israel Martinez-Castellanos, Mario Nicola Mazziotta, Julie Mcenery, Jessica Metcalfe, Kohta Murase Oct 2022

All-Sky Medium Energy Gamma-Ray Observatory Explorer Mission Concept, Regina Caputo, Marco Ajello, Carolyn A. Kierans, Jeremy S. Perkins, Judith L. Racusin, Luca Baldini, Matthew G. Baring, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Eric Burns, Nicholas Cannady, Eric Charles, Rui M.Curado Da Silva, Ke Fang, Henrike Fleischhack, Chris Fryer, Yasushi Fukazawa, J. Eric Grove, Dieter Hartmann, Eric J. Howell, Manoj Jadhav, Christopher M. Karwin, Daniel Kocevski, Naoko Kurahashi, Luca Latronico, Tiffany R. Lewis, Richard Leys, Amy Lien, Lea Marcotulli, Israel Martinez-Castellanos, Mario Nicola Mazziotta, Julie Mcenery, Jessica Metcalfe, Kohta Murase

Faculty Publications

The All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X) is designed to identify and characterize gamma rays from extreme explosions and accelerators. The main science themes include supermassive black holes and their connections to neutrinos and cosmic rays; binary neutron star mergers and the relativistic jets they produce; cosmic ray particle acceleration sources including galactic supernovae; continuous monitoring of other astrophysical events and sources over the full sky in this important energy range. AMEGO-X will probe the medium energy gamma-ray band using a single instrument with sensitivity up to an order of magnitude greater than previous telescopes in the energy range …

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Academic Program Recommendations For Graduate Degrees In Medical Physics: Aapm Report No. 365 (Revision Of Report No. 197), Jay W. Burmeister, Nathan C. Busse, Ashley J. Cetnar, Rebecca R. Howell, Robert Jeraj, A. Kyle Jones, Steven H. King, Kenneth L. Matthews, Victor J. Montemayor, Wayne Newhauser, Anna E. Rodrigues, Ehsan Samei, Timothy V. Turkington, Mary P. Gronberg, Brian Loughery, Alison R. Roth, Michael C. Joiner, Edward F. Jackson, Paul A. Naine, Leonard H. Kim Oct 2022

Academic Program Recommendations For Graduate Degrees In Medical Physics: Aapm Report No. 365 (Revision Of Report No. 197), Jay W. Burmeister, Nathan C. Busse, Ashley J. Cetnar, Rebecca R. Howell, Robert Jeraj, A. Kyle Jones, Steven H. King, Kenneth L. Matthews, Victor J. Montemayor, Wayne Newhauser, Anna E. Rodrigues, Ehsan Samei, Timothy V. Turkington, Mary P. Gronberg, Brian Loughery, Alison R. Roth, Michael C. Joiner, Edward F. Jackson, Paul A. Naine, Leonard H. Kim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Kmt-2021-Blg-0171lb And Kmt-2021-Blg-1689lb: Two Microlensing Planets In The Kmtnet High-Cadence Fields With Followup Observations, Hongjing Yang, Weicheng Zang, Andrew Gould, Jennifer C. Yee, Kyu Ha Hwang, Grant Christie, Takahiro Sumi, Jiyuan Zhang, Shude Mao, Michael D. Albrow, Sun Ju Chung, Cheongho Han, Youn Kil Jung, Yoon Hyun Ryu, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Sang Mok Cha, Dong Jin Kim, Hyoun Woo Kim, Seung Lee Kim, Chung Uk Lee, Dong Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge, John Drummond, Dan Maoz, Jennie Mccormick, Tim Natusch, Matthew T. Penny, Wei Zhu, Ian A. Bond, Fumio Abe Oct 2022

Kmt-2021-Blg-0171lb And Kmt-2021-Blg-1689lb: Two Microlensing Planets In The Kmtnet High-Cadence Fields With Followup Observations, Hongjing Yang, Weicheng Zang, Andrew Gould, Jennifer C. Yee, Kyu Ha Hwang, Grant Christie, Takahiro Sumi, Jiyuan Zhang, Shude Mao, Michael D. Albrow, Sun Ju Chung, Cheongho Han, Youn Kil Jung, Yoon Hyun Ryu, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Sang Mok Cha, Dong Jin Kim, Hyoun Woo Kim, Seung Lee Kim, Chung Uk Lee, Dong Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge, John Drummond, Dan Maoz, Jennie Mccormick, Tim Natusch, Matthew T. Penny, Wei Zhu, Ian A. Bond, Fumio Abe

Faculty Publications

Follow-up observations of high-magnification gravitational microlensing events can fully exploit their intrinsic sensitivity to detect extrasolar planets, especially those with small mass ratios. To make followup observations more uniform and efficient, we develop a system, HighMagFinder, to automatically alert possible ongoing high-magnification events based on the real-time data from the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet). We started a new phase of follow-up observations with the help of HighMagFinder in 2021. Here we report the discovery of two planets in high-magnification microlensing events, KMT-2021-BLG-0171 and KMT-2021-BLG-1689, which were identified by the HighMagFinder. We find that both events suffer the 'central-resonant' caustic …

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A Covariant Polymerized Scalar Field In Semi-Classical Loop Quantum Gravity, Rodolfo Gambini, Florencia Benítez, Jorge Pullin Oct 2022

A Covariant Polymerized Scalar Field In Semi-Classical Loop Quantum Gravity, Rodolfo Gambini, Florencia Benítez, Jorge Pullin

Faculty Publications

We propose a new polymerization scheme for scalar fields coupled to gravity. It has the advantage of being a (non-bijective) canonical transformation of the fields, and therefore ensures the covariance of the theory. We study it in detail in spherically symmetric situations and compare to other approaches.

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Parametrized Topological Complexity Of Collision-Free Motion Planning In The Plane, Daniel C. Cohen, Michael Farber, Shmuel Weinberger Oct 2022

Parametrized Topological Complexity Of Collision-Free Motion Planning In The Plane, Daniel C. Cohen, Michael Farber, Shmuel Weinberger

Faculty Publications

Parametrized motion planning algorithms have high degrees of universality and flexibility, as they are designed to work under a variety of external conditions, which are viewed as parameters and form part of the input of the underlying motion planning problem. In this paper, we analyze the parametrized motion planning problem for the motion of many distinct points in the plane, moving without collision and avoiding multiple distinct obstacles with a priori unknown positions. This complements our prior work Cohen et al. [3] (SIAM J. Appl. Algebra Geom. 5, 229–249), where parametrized motion planning algorithms were introduced, and the obstacle-avoiding collision-free …

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Contrasts Among Cationic Phytochemical Landscapes In The Southern United States, Luis Y. Santiago-Rosario, Kyle E. Harms, Dylan Craven Oct 2022

Contrasts Among Cationic Phytochemical Landscapes In The Southern United States, Luis Y. Santiago-Rosario, Kyle E. Harms, Dylan Craven

Faculty Publications

Understanding the phytochemical landscapes of essential and nonessential chemical elements to plants provides an opportunity to better link biogeochemical cycles to trophic ecology. We investigated the formation and regulation of the cationic phytochemical landscapes of four key elements for biota: Ca, Mg, K, and Na. We collected aboveground tissues of plants in Atriplex, Helianthus, and Opuntia and adjacent soils from 51, 131, and 83 sites, respectively, across the southern United States. We determined the spatial variability of these cations in plants and soils. Also, we quantified the homeostasis coefficient for each cation and genus combination, by using mixed-effect models, with …

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Effects Of Soil And Foliar Applied Fertilizers On Growth, Yield And Sugar Quality Of Two Sugarcane Cultivars Under Rainfed Conditions, J. Bamrungrai, A. Polthanee, B. Tubana, V. Tre-Loges, A. Promkhambut Oct 2022

Effects Of Soil And Foliar Applied Fertilizers On Growth, Yield And Sugar Quality Of Two Sugarcane Cultivars Under Rainfed Conditions, J. Bamrungrai, A. Polthanee, B. Tubana, V. Tre-Loges, A. Promkhambut

Faculty Publications

Background: In north-eastern Thailand, sugarcane is planted normally in late rainy season wherein the plants may experience drought stress during its early growth stage in dry season and waterlogging stress during late growth stage at peak of rainy season. Hence, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of soil application alone and soil combined with foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and sugar quality of sugarcane grown under rainfed conditions. Methods: The field experiment was conducted during November 2016 to December 2017. A split-plot design with three replications was laid out. The two sugarcane cultivars …

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Enviromic Prediction Is Useful To Define The Limits Of Climate Adaptation: A Case Study Of Common Bean In Brazil, Alexandre Bryan Heinemann, Germano Costa-Neto, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, David Henriques Da Matta, Igor Kuivjogi Fernandes Oct 2022

Enviromic Prediction Is Useful To Define The Limits Of Climate Adaptation: A Case Study Of Common Bean In Brazil, Alexandre Bryan Heinemann, Germano Costa-Neto, Roberto Fritsche-Neto, David Henriques Da Matta, Igor Kuivjogi Fernandes

Faculty Publications

Ongoing changes in the global environmental conditions foster plant breeding research to develop climate-smart cultivars as fast as possible. Data analytics are essential for achieving this goal, especially the so-called science of enviromics (large-scale environmental characterization of crop growing conditions) that could be used to pinpoint the relevant environment impacts driving the adaptation of a certain specie in a breeding framework. Here we quantified the effects of diverse climate factors on the current adaptation of elite common bean germplasm in Brazil. To capture the non-linearity of those impacts across a wide range of environments, we developed an “enviromic prediction” approach …

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Uav Rapidly-Deployable Stage Sensor With Electro-Permanent Magnet Docking Mechanism For Flood Monitoring In Undersampled Watersheds, Corinne A, Smith, Joud Satme, Jacob Martin, Austin Downey, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Jasim Imran Oct 2022

Uav Rapidly-Deployable Stage Sensor With Electro-Permanent Magnet Docking Mechanism For Flood Monitoring In Undersampled Watersheds, Corinne A, Smith, Joud Satme, Jacob Martin, Austin Downey, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Jasim Imran

Faculty Publications

The availability of historical flood data is vital in recognizing weather-related trends and outlining necessary precautions for at-risk communities. Flood frequency, magnitude, endurance, and volume are traditionally recorded using established streamgages; however, the material and installation costs allow only a few streamgages in a region, which yield a narrow data selection. In particular, stage, the vertical water height in a water body, is an important parameter in determining flood trends. This work investigates a low-cost, compact, rapidly-deployable alternative to traditional stage sensors that will allow for denser sampling within a watershed and a more detailed record of flood events. The …

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