Digital Commons Network^™

Seasonal And Diurnal Variations Of Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability At Terrestrial Magnetopause, S. Kavosi, J. Raeder, Jay R. Johnson, K. Nykyri, C. J. Farrugia

Faculty Publications

Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability is ubiquitous at Earth’s magnetopause and plays an important role in plasma entry into the magnetosphere during northward interplanetary magnetic fields. Here, using one solar cycle of data from NASA THEMIS (Time History of Events and Macro scale Interactions during Substorms) and MMS (Magnetospheric Multiscale) missions, we found that KHI occurrence rates show seasonal and diurnal variations with the rate being high near the equinoxes and low near the solstices. The instability depends directly on the Earth’s dipole tilt angle. The tilt toward or away from the Sun explains most of the seasonal and diurnal variations, while the …

Why Understanding Food Choice Is Crucial To Transform Food Systems For Human And Planetary Health, Krystal K. Rampalli, Christine E. Blake Ph.D., Rd, Edward A. Frongillo Ph.D., Joseph Montoya

Faculty Publications

What, how and why people eat has long been understood to be important for human health, but until recently, has not been recognised as an essential facet of climate change and its effects on planetary health. The global climate change and diet-related health crises occurring are connected to food systems, food environments and consumer food choices. Calls to transform food systems for human and planetary health highlight the importance of understanding individual food choice. Understanding what, how and why people eat the way they do is crucial to successful food systems transformations that achieve both human and planetary health goals. …

Search For B Mesogenesis At Babar, J. P. Lees, V. Poireau, E. Grauges, A. Palano, G. Eigen, D. N. Brown, Yu. G. Kolomensky, M. Fritsch, H. Koch, R. Cheaib, C. Hearty, T. S. Mattison, J. A. Mckenna, R. Y. So, V. E. Blinov, A. R. Buzykaev, V. P. Druzhinin, E. A. Kozyrev, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

A new mechanism has been proposed to simultaneously explain the presence of dark matter and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. This scenario predicts exotic B-meson decays into a baryon and a dark-sector antibaryon (ψD) with branching fractions accessible at B factories. We present a search for B→Λψ_D decays using data collected by the BABAR experiment at SLAC. This reaction is identified by fully reconstructing the accompanying B meson and requiring the presence of a single Λ baryon in the remaining particles. No significant signal is observed, and bounds on the B→Λψ …

Differences In Resilience And Mental Health Symptoms Among Us First Responders With Secure And Insecure Attachment, Donna Schuman, James Whitworth, Jeanine Galusha, Jose Carbajal, Warren Ponder, Kathryn Shahan, Katelyn Jetelina

Faculty Publications

Objective: This observational study aimed to determine whether attachment style predicted first responders' mental health and resilience. Method: Data were from a treatment-seeking sample of first responders (N = 237). Each participant completed six assessments measuring attachment, resilience, generalized anxiety, depression, suicidality, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Results: On the attachment assessment, 25.3%were categorized as secure, 19.0%as dismissive, 25.3% as preoccupied, and 30.4% as fearfully attached. As predicted, securely attached participants had the lowest scores for generalized anxiety, depression, suicidality, and posttraumatic stress disorder and the highest scores on the resiliency measure, followed by dismissive, preoccupied, and fearfully …

Quantification Of How Mechanical Ventilation Influences The Airborne Infection Risk Of Covid-19 And Hvac Energy Consumption In Office Buildings, Zhihong Pang, Xing Lu, Zheng O’Neill

Faculty Publications

This paper presents an EnergyPlus-based parametric analysis to investigate the infection risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) under different mechanical ventilation scenarios for a typical medium-sized office building in various climate zones. A Wells-Riley (WR) based Gammaitoni-Nucci (GN) model was employed to quantitatively calculate the airborne infection risk. The selected parameters for the parametric analysis include the climate zone, outdoor air fraction, fraction of infectors, quanta generation rate, and exposure time. The loss and deposition of particles are not considered. The results suggest that the COVID-19 infection risk varies significantly with climate and season under different outdoor air fraction scenarios …

Tort Reform & The Takings Clause, Bailey D. Barnes

Faculty Publications

The United States tort reform movement has capped noneconomic damage awards in many jurisdictions, thereby preventing the most injured plaintiffs from being fully compensated for their suffering. While litigants have asserted numerous state constitutional challenges to these tort recovery limits, with varying degrees of success, aggrieved plaintiffs have underutilized the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause. This Article advocates that judicial reduction of a jury's noneconomic damage calculation after the court has informed the successful plaintiff of the full verdict is a regulatory taking in violation of the federal Takings Clause, as incorporated against the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.

A Takings …

Jurisdictional Conflicts In Adult Guardianship, David M. English

Faculty Publications

The case of Britney Spears has shined a spotlight on guardianship, a subject area in which there has been increasing interest in recent years. The events surrounding Ms. Spears s case all occurred in a single jurisdiction, California. But with Americas increasingly mobile population, an individual for whom a guardianship is sought may have contacts with multiple states and, in some cases, foreign countries. Furthermore, following the appointment of a guardian, the guardian or individual subject to guardianship may move to another jurisdiction; it may become necessary to transfer the guardianship proceeding to another jurisdiction or seek ratification of a …

What Lawyers Can Teach Their Employed Law Students About 'Impactful Legal Writing', Douglas E. Abrams

Faculty Publications

This article concerns the value of teaching employed law students about the potency of “impactful legal writing” – legal writing that can have a substantial impact on someone other than the student writer. Much of the employer’s most instructive teaching about impactful legal writing occurs at the beginning of an assignment, rather than solely during review after the student has completed the assignment. This article identifies four ways an employed law student’s impactful writing when fulfilling assignments differs from the effect of students’ academic writing in law school. Each of the four ways enables the employer to deliver practical lessons …

Bayesian Order Constrained Adaptive Design For Phase Ii Clinical Trials Evaluating Subgroup-Specific Treatment Effect, Mu Shan, Beibei Guo, Hao Liu, Qian Li, Yong Zang

Faculty Publications

The “one-size-fits-all’’ paradigm is inappropriate for phase II clinical trials evaluating biotherapies, which are often expected to have substantial heterogeneous treatment effects among different subgroups defined by biomarker. For these biotherapies, the objective of phase II clinical trials is often to evaluate subgroup-specific treatment effects. In this article, we propose a simple yet efficient Bayesian adaptive phase II biomarker-guided design, referred to as the Bayesian-order constrained adaptive design, to detect the subgroup-specific treatment effects of biotherapies. The Bayesian order constrained adaptive design combines the features of the enrichment design and sequential design. It starts with a “all-comers” stage, and subsequently …

Stakeholder Perceptions About Incorporating Externalities And Vulnerability Into Benefit–Cost Analysis Tools For Watershed Flood Risk Mitigation, Thomas H. Douthat, Fahmida Akhter, Rachelle Sanderson, Jerrod Penn

Faculty Publications

Multi-scalar climate hazards in watersheds and growing consideration regarding equity call for innovation in how agencies evaluate and prioritize mitigation and adaptation projects. Benefit–Cost Analysis (BCA) is one approach that is increasingly being applied to decision-making (i.e., FEMA BCA toolkit), but that has not been applied to watershed and equity-based flood management initiatives. This paper addresses this topic and presents a case study evaluating projects for watershed flood and climate mitigation projects by the Louisiana Watershed Initiative (Louisiana, USA). Through semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and practitioners, we found that BCA tool design must be embedded in the program and policy …

Developing Regional Soil Micronutrient Management Strategies Through Ensemble Learning Based Digital Soil Mapping, Shubhadip Dasgupta, Santonu Debnath, Ayan Das, Asim Biswas, David C. Weindorf, Bin Li, Arvind Kumar Shukla, Shreya Das, Sushanta Saha, Somsubhra Chakraborty

Faculty Publications

Mapping of soil micronutrient variability is critical for improving agronomic biofortification. This study used 1778 surface soil samples collected from four agro-climatic regions of the Indo-Gangetic Plain of India to produce digital soil maps of available Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn using 52 environmental covariates at a resolution of 150 m. The micronutrient prediction accuracy was compared for 14 machine learning approaches and their ensemble model. The hybrid ensemble model outperformed all 14 base learners and was subsequently used for producing micronutrient maps. All four micronutrients exhibited sufficient spatial variability. Both available Zn and Fe maps exhibited lower prediction uncertainties. …

Mathematics Library News, Aaron Lercher

Faculty Publications

Mathematics Library News is an LSU Libraries newsletter for members of the Mathematics and Experimental Statistics Departments, published roughly once each semester.

Landscape Characteristics And Predation Risk Influence Spatial Variation In Auditory Courtship Of An Upland Game Bird, Patrick H. Wightman, James A. Martin, Michel T. Kohl, Emily Rushton, Bret A. Collier, Michael J. Chamberlain

Faculty Publications

Context: Numerous wildlife species use a polygynous mating system, where males use auditory courtship behaviors to secure breeding opportunities. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis, risk reward, and landscape of fear theories suggest spatial variation in male auditory courtship will be influenced by areas in landscapes where sound transmission is increased, and predation risk is reduced. However, it is often unclear what landscape features drive spatial variation in courtship behaviors. Objectives: We quantified the influence of predation risk, land cover type, and resource selection on spatial trends in the auditory courtship behavior (gobbling activity) of Eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris). Methods: …

Niche Specialization And Community Niche Space Increase With Species Richness In Filter-Feeder Assemblages, Irene Sánchez González, Garrett W. Hopper, Jamie R. Bucholz, Megan E. Kubala, Jeffrey D. Lozier, Carla L. Atkinson

Faculty Publications

Ecological theory posits that higher species richness should be associated with greater exploitation of resources and niche packing resulting from either increasing species niche overlap or specialization of species' niches. Research evaluating niche theory in animals tends to focus on organisms among functional feeding guilds, while resource partitioning might be more critical within functional groups. Freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) are a diverse and imperiled group of animals that are ideal models to test niche occupancy due to their functional similarity as filter-feeders and their occurrence in spatially and temporally stable multispecies aggregations. We evaluated the relationship between species richness and …

Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Substance Use Disorders Among Psychiatric Inpatients In A Medically Underserved Area: An Intervention For Opioid Misuse, Julia D. Buckner, Caroline R. Scherzer, Kathleen A. Crapanzano, Paige E. Morris

Faculty Publications

Objectives: Opioid misuse is a serious public health concern, yet few people seek treatment for this condition. Hospitals may be one opportunity to identify those with opioid misuse and to teach them skills to help manage their opioid misuse upon discharge. We tested the relationship between opioid misuse status and motivation to change substance use among patients admitted with substance misuse to an inpatient psychiatric unit in a medically underserved area in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, who attended at least 1 group session of motivation enhancement therapy combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (MET-CBT) from January 29, 2020, through March 10, 2022. …

The Social Correlates To Callous-Unemotional Traits In A Sample Of High School Students, Carolina Facci, Enrico Imbimbo, Federica Stefanelli, Enrica Ciucci, Andrea Guazzini, Andrea Baroncelli, Paul J. Frick

Faculty Publications

Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits are strongly related to early-onset and severe levels of conduct problems. However, much less research has focused on their association with potential problems in adolescents’ social relationships. Further, it is important to determine if CU traits explain variance in important social variables, independent of conduct problems or general personality dimensions related to sociability, like agreeableness. In the current study, we examined the association of CU traits with a range of social variables in a community sample of Italian adolescents (N = 563; 460 girls; mean age = 15.80, SD = 1.50). Measures for the social variables included …

Latino Paradox Or Black Exception? Race, Ethnicity, And Crime In The 21st Century, Edward S. Shihadeh, Raymond E. Barranco

Faculty Publications

George Floyd’s murder by a Minnesota police officer sparked outrage, protests, and a re-evaluation of racial inequities in America. Within criminology, we argue, that re-evaluation should include the Latino Paradox, the idea that Latino communities are an exception—a paradox—in that, while they face economic deprivation, they also possess a magical something that makes them resistant to social problems like crime. Unfortunately, this compels the more delicate question; what is the deficiency in Black communities that makes them so vulnerable to crime? However, as we argue here, the Latino Paradox forces a false comparison. Its assumptions with respect to crime are …

Cereal Rye Cover Crop Seeding Method, Seeding Rate, And Termination Timing Effects Corn Development And Seedling Disease, Fernando M. Marcos, Jyotsna Acharya, Md Rasel Parvej, Alison E. Robertson, Mark A. Licht

Faculty Publications

Cover crops decrease nutrient leaching from high-input cropping systems and improve soil quality. In Iowa, cereal rye (CR, Secale cereale L.) is the most adopted species due to its winter hardiness, high biomass productivity, and low cost. Field management of CR is still not completely understood, and as its adoption brings more complexity to farmers, especially with the uncertain effects on corn (Zea mays L.) yields, adoption is slow. Additionally, cover crops immobilize N and increase the inoculum of pathogens such as Pythium spp. A 2-year field experiment was conducted at three locations in Iowa investigating the effect of two …

Amazonian Birds In More Dynamic Habitats Have Less Population Genetic Structure And Higher Gene Flow, Oscar Johnson, Camila C. Ribas, Alexandre Aleixo, Luciano N. Naka, Michael G. Harvey, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

Understanding the factors that govern variation in genetic structure across species is key to the study of speciation and population genetics. Genetic structure has been linked to several aspects of life history, such as foraging strategy, habitat association, migration distance, and dispersal ability, all of which might influence dispersal and gene flow. Comparative studies of population genetic data from species with differing life histories provide opportunities to tease apart the role of dispersal in shaping gene flow and population genetic structure. Here, we examine population genetic data from sets of bird species specialized on a series of Amazonian habitat types …

Pineapple Mealybug Wilt-Associated Viruses 1, 2, And 3 Are Associated With Mealybug Wilt Disease Of Pineapple In Peru, Emerson Clovis Carrasco-Lozano, Gabriela Angela Carrillo-Ordóñez, Delia Gamarra-Gamarra, Gilberto Torres-Suarez, Charo Milagros Villar, Claudia Stange, Rodrigo A. Valverde

Faculty Publications

Mealybug wilt of pineapple (MWP) is the most important disease of pineapple worldwide. During the months of September and November 2020, pineapple production fields of the cultivar Hawaiiana and hybrid MD-2 in Satipo and Chanchamayo provinces of Peru, showed typical symptoms of MWP. Based on symptoms, the disease incidence level ranged between 70 and 90%. Symptomatic and asymptomatic foliar samples were collected and tested by RT-PCR using primers specific for pineapple mealybug wilt virus (PMWaV) 1, 2, and 3. Selected amplified fragments were sequenced and analyzed with bioinformatics tools. PMWaV-1, 2, and 3 were detected in symptomatic samples of both …

The Cospar Planetary Protection Requirements For Space Missions To Venus, María Paz Zorzano, Karen Olsson-Francis, Peter T. Doran, Petra Rettberg, Athena Coustenis, Vyacheslav Ilyin, Francois Raulin, Omar Al Shehhi, Frank Groen, Olivier Grasset, Akiko Nakamura, Olga Prieto Ballesteros, Silvio Sinibaldi, Yohey Suzuki, Praveen Kumar, Gerhard Kminek, Niklas Hedman, Masaki Fujimoto, Maxim Zaitsev, Alex Hayes, Jing Peng, Eleonora Ammannito, Christian Mustin, Kanyan Xu

Faculty Publications

The Committee on Space Research's (COSPAR) Planetary Protection Policy states that all types of missions to Venus are classified as Category II, as the planet has significant research interest relative to the processes of chemical evolution and the origin of life, but there is only a remote chance that terrestrial contamination can proliferate and compromise future investigations. "Remote chance" essentially implies the absence of environments where terrestrial organisms could survive and replicate. Hence, Category II missions only require simplified planetary protection documentation, including a planetary protection plan that outlines the intended or potential impact targets, brief Pre- and Post-launch analyses …

Proton Branching Ratios In 22 Mg For X-Ray Bursts, S. H. Kim, K. Y. Chae, D. W. Bardayan, J. C. Blackmon, K. A. Chipps, R. Hatarik, K. L. Jones, M. J. Kim, R. L. Kozub, J. F. Liang, C. Matei, B. H. Moazen, C. D. Nesaraja, P. D. O’Malley, S. D. Pain, M. S. Smith

Faculty Publications

Decay protons from ²² Mg energy levels populated through a previously reported ²⁴ Mg(p, t) ²² Mg transfer reaction (Chae et al. in Phys Rev C 79:055804, 2009) have been analyzed for proton branching ratios as a follow-up analysis. The measurement was performed at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility of Oak Ridge National Laboratory by utilizing 41-MeV proton beams and ²⁴ Mg solid targets. Decay protons and reaction tritons were simultaneously detected with a silicon detector array. By investigating the ²⁴ Mg(p, t) ²² Mg*(p) ²¹ Na channels, the proton branching ratios of five ²² Mg excited states were …

Validation Of Toi-1221 B: A Warm Sub-Neptune Exhibiting Transit Timing Variations Around A Sun-Like Star, Christopher Mann, David Lafreniére, Diana Dragomir, Samuel N. Quinn, Thiam Guan Tan, Karen A. Collins, Steve B. Howell, Carl Ziegler, Andrew W. Mann, Keivan G. Stassun, Martti H. Kristiansen, Hugh Osborn, Tabetha Boyajian, Nora Eisner, Coel Hellier, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, S. Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Jesus Noel Villaseñor, Brian Mclean, Pamela Rowden, Guillermo Torres, Douglas A. Caldwell, Kevin I. Collins, Richard P. Schwarz

Faculty Publications

We present a validation of a long-period ( 91.68278-0.00041+0.00032 days) transiting sub-Neptune planet, TOI-1221 b (TIC 349095149.01), around a Sun-like (m V = 10.5) star. This is one of the few known exoplanets with a period >50 days, and belongs to the even smaller subset of which have bright enough hosts for detailed spectroscopic follow-up. We combine Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite light curves and ground-based time-series photometry from the Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope (0.3 m) and Las Cumbres Observatory global telescope network (1.0 m) to analyze the transit signals and rule out nearby stars as potential false-positive sources. High-contrast imaging …

Grandma And Hxmt Observations Of Grb 221009a: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow Of A Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken An David Alexander Kann, D. A. Kann, S. Agayeva, V. Aivazyan, S. Alishov, C. M. Andrade, S. Antier, A. Baransky, P. Bendjoya, Z. Benkhaldoun, S. Beradze, D. Berezin, M. Boër, E. Broens, S. Brunier, M. Bulla, O. Burkhonov, E. Burns, Y. Chen, Y. P. Chen, M. Conti, M. W. Coughlin, W. W. Cui, F. Daigne, B. Delaveau, H. A.R. Devillepoix, T. Dietrich, D. Dornic, F. Dubois, J. G. Ducoin, E. Durand, P. A. Duverne, H. B. Eggenstein, S. Ehgamberdiev

Faculty Publications

Object GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected in more than 50 yr of study. In this paper, we present observations in the X-ray and optical domains obtained by the GRANDMA Collaboration and the Insight Collaboration. We study the optical afterglow with empirical fitting using the GRANDMA+HXMT-LE data sets augmented with data from the literature up to 60 days. We then model numerically using a Bayesian approach, and we find that the GRB afterglow, extinguished by a large dust column, is most likely behind a combination of a large Milky Way dust column and moderate low-metallicity dust in …

Handling And Restraint Induce A Significant Increase In Plasma Corticosterone In Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots (Amazona Ventralis), Shelby N. Parks, Thomas N. Tully, Aspen L. Settle, Christine R. Lattin

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To measure baseline plasma corticosterone levels in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) and assess the effects of handling and restraint on corticosterone levels over 1 hour, reflective of what parrots might experience during veterinary care. ANIMALS: 10 male and 12 female Hispaniolan Amazon parrots. PROCEDURES: Each parrot was removed from its cage and wrapped in a towel for restraint similar to that performed in a clinical setting. An initial baseline blood sample was collected in < 3 minutes upon entrance into the parrot room, after which blood samples were taken every 15 minutes for 1 hour (a total of 5 blood samples). An enzyme-linked immunoassay was validated for Hispaniolan Amazon parrots and used to determine concentrations of plasma corticosterone. RESULTS: On average, parrots showed a significant increase in corticosterone between baseline samples and all subsequent postrestraint time points (average baseline corticosterone ± SD: 0.51 ± 0.65 ng/mL). Females, on average, displayed significantly higher corticosterone levels than males after 30, 45, and 60 minutes of restraint (P = .016, P = .0099, and P = .015, respectively). Birds with feather-destructive behavior did not have significantly higher corticosterone levels than birds without the condition (P = .38). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Understanding the physiological stress response in companion psittacine birds during routine handling will allow clinicians to better evaluate how this may affect the patient's condition and diagnostic test results. Assessing how corticosterone correlates to behavioral conditions such as feather-destructive behavior will provide clinicians with the potential to develop treatment options.

‘Flla09015-U1’: A Broadly Adapted Dual-Purpose Oat Cultivar For Southern Usa, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ann Blount, Ronald D. Barnett, Jerry Johnson, Mohamed Mergoum, Daniel J. Mailhot, J. Paul Murphy, Richard E. Mason, Amir Ibrahim, Russell Sutton, Bryan Simoneaux, Richard Boyles, Brad Stancil, David Marshall, Myron Fountain, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Naeem Khan, Marcelo Wallau, Henry G. Jordan

Faculty Publications

‘FLLA09015-U1’ (Reg. no. CV-387, PI 699117) is a new facultative oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar that was co-developed by the University of Florida and Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and was released in 2019. This line was derived from a single cross of FL0210-J1/MN06203. FLLA09015-U1 has considerable potential for grain and forage yield and for conservation tillage purposes in the southern United States. Exclusive marketing rights for FLLA09015-U1 has been granted to JoMar Seeds and is currently commercialized under the name of Juggernaut. FLLA09015-U1 was developed using selected bulk breeding method and was selected as an F5:6 head row. The …

‘Flla11019-8’: A New Dual-Purpose Facultative Oat Cultivar For Grain And Forage Production In The Southern United States, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ann Blount, Ronald D. Barnett, Jerry Johnson, Mohamed Mergoum, Daniel J. Mailhot, J. Paul Murphy, Richard E. Mason, Amir Ibrahim, Russell Sutton, Bryan Simoneaux, Richard Boyles, Brad Stancil, David Marshall, Myron Fountain, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Naeem Khan, Marcelo Wallau, Henry G. Jordan, Xuefeng Ma, Juan Arbelaez

Faculty Publications

‘FLLA11019-8’ (Reg. no. CV-386, PI 700040) is new facultative oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar for the southern United States for forage, grain, cover, and wildlife food crop uses. It was co-developed by the University of Florida and Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and was released in 2020 under the SunGrains, a cooperative small grain breeding program among seven Southern Universities. This line was derived from a single cross between two advanced breeding lines, FL0564-Ab13 and LA06071SBSB-S1. Exclusive marketing rights were granted to Ragan & Massey, Inc., and the line is currently commercializing under the names of RAM Forage Oats and …

Predictors And Barriers To Vaccination Among Older Syrian Refugees In Lebanon: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of A Multi-Wave Longitudinal Study, Berthe Abi Zeid, Tanya El Khoury, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Marwan F. Alawieh, Zeinab Ramadan, Sirine Anouti, Sawsan Abdulrahim, Stephen J. Mccall

Faculty Publications

Background:

Vaccination is important to prevent morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 among older Syrian refugees. We aimed to elucidate the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Syrian refugees aged 50 years or older in Lebanon and to understand their main reasons for not receiving the vaccine.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional analysis of a five-wave longitudinal study, conducted through telephone interviews between Sept 22, 2020, and March 14, 2022, in Lebanon. For this analysis, data were extracted from wave 3 (Jan 21–April 23, 2021), which included a question on vaccine safety and on whether participants intended to receive the …

Micro-Targeting Consumers To Reduce Consumptive Externalities, Tamara L. Sheldon, J. R. Deshazo, Bronwyn Lewis Friscia

Faculty Publications

When correcting for consumption externalities policymakers may employ economic incentives, a uniform moral suasion intervention, or various micro-targeted moral suasion interventions. To assess the relative effectiveness of these policy interventions, we randomly assign consumers to different moral suasion treatments designed to increase their willingness to pay for energy efficient light bulbs. Both economic incentives and single moral suasion interventions have similar modest effects on household willingness to pay for this durable good. However, we find that optimally targeting moral suasion messages increases consumers' choice of the most efficient light bulbs even more than large subsidies.

Decision Support Issues In Automated Driving Systems, William N. Caballero, David Ríos Insua, David Banks

Faculty Publications

Machine learning and computational processing have advanced such that automated driving systems (ADSs) are no longer a distant reality. Many automobile manufacturers have developed prototypes; however, there exist numerous decision support issues requiring resolution to ensure mass ADS adoption. In the coming decades, it is likely that production ADSs will only be partially autonomous. Such ADSs operate within predetermined conditions and require driver intervention when they are violated. Since forecasts of their 20-year market penetration are relatively low, ADSs will likely operate in heterogeneous traffic characterized by vehicles of varying autonomy levels. Under these conditions, effective decision support must consider …