Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluation Of A Compound Probability Model With Tower-Mounted Scatterometer Data, David G. Long, Benjamin E. Barrowes

Faculty Publications

Six months of data from the YSCAT94 experiment conducted at the CCIW WAVES research platform on Lake Ontario, Canada, are analyzed to evaluate a compound probability model. YSCAT was an ultrawideband small footprint (ap 1 m) microwave scatterometer that operated at frequencies of 2-18 GHz, incidence angles from 0° to 60°, both h-pol and v-pol, and which tracked the wind using simultaneous weather measurements. The probability distribution function of the measured instantaneous backscattered amplitude (p(a)) is compared to theoretical distributions developed from-the composite model and a simple wave spectrum. Model parameters of the resulting Rayleigh/generalized lognormal distribution probability density function …

Testing The Capital Asset Pricing Model Efficiently Under Elliptical Symmetry: A Semiparametric Approach, Douglas J. Hodgson, Oliver Linton, Keith Vorkink

Faculty Publications

We develop new tests of the capital asset pricing model that take account of and are valid under the assumption that the distribution generating returns is elliptically symmetric; this assumption is necessary and sufficient for the validity of the CAPM. Our test is based on semiparametric efficient estimation procedures for a seemingly unrelated regression model where the multivariate error density is elliptically symmetric, but otherwise unrestricted. The elliptical symmetry assumption allows us to avoid the curse of dimensionality problem that typically arises in multivariate semiparametric estimation procedures, because the multivariate elliptically symmetric density function can be written as a function …

De Facto Ya Literature And False Expectations, Chris Crowe

Faculty Publications

When I was in the later grades of elementary school and the first year of junior high school, I spent many leisure hours reading stories that had heen written for and marketed to kids like me. Series novels like The Hardy Boys and Tom Swift and comic books by DC and Marvel provided me with plenty of reading material. Those series books, some sports novels, and, when I was in sixth and seventh grade, science fiction novels—especially anything by Jules Verne or H. G. Wells—pretty much accounted for the sum total of my personal knowledge of book-length fiction.

Reparations Litigation: What About Unjust Enrichment?, Margalynne J. Armstrong

Faculty Publications

This Article examines the role of unjust enrichment in substantive and remedial restitution as one option available to the movement that seeks to secure reparations for the descendants of the millions who were enslaved, transported from the African continent, and dispersed throughout the Americas and Europe.  The reparations movement also seeks fitting remedies for the continuing depredations imposed upon people of African descent in the years that have followed the abolition of slavery.  The substantive and remedial law of restitution, particularly the concepts of unjust enrichment and the remedy of constructive trust, provide particularly apt vehicles for reparations claims.

After …

Origins And Meanings Of The Public Domain, Tyler T. Ochoa

Faculty Publications

This article surveys the history and development of the public domain in intellectual property law. The public domain has existed since time immemorial, and was first recognized in the Statute of Monopolies and the Statute of Anne, which placed time limits on patents and copyrights, after which the invention or work could be copied freely by anyone. The concept was enshrined in the U.S.Constitution and reflected in American patent and copyright laws. Before 1896, courts referred to matter not protected by patent or copyright law as "public property" or "common property. " In 1896,the U.S. Supreme Court imported the term …

Tribute To Justice Stanley Mosk, Gerald F. Uelmen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Form And Substance Of Environmental Justice: The Challenge Of Title Vi Of The Civil Rights Act Of 1964 For Environmental Regulation, Tseming Yang

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Melding Civil Rights And Environmentalism: Finding Environmental Justice's Place In Environmental Regulation, Tseming Yang

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of Court-Annexed Environmental Mediation: The District Of Oregon Pilot Project, Lisa A. Kloppenberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Refugee Jurist And American Law Schools, 1933-1941, Kyle Graham

Faculty Publications

This paper documents an important episode in the development of the “modern” American law school. Starting in 1933, law schools were invited to “host” or permanently welcome onto their faculties European jurists displaced by the German National Socialist government. At first, law schools sensed an opportunity to affiliate themselves with some of the leading lights of German “scientism.” Over time, however, these same institutions concluded that younger émigré scholars were more capable than their older counterparts were of embracing “American” practices of law teaching and scholarship. This article, drawing upon various archival sources, traces this transition, its causes, and its …

A Moment In The The Times: Law Professors And The Court-Packing Plan, Kyle Graham

Faculty Publications

When Franklin Roosevelt unveiled his "court-packing" plan, law professors found themselves in an unfamiliar position. For perhaps the first time ever, their professional opinions were being sought by journalists and politicians, for consumption by the general public. In faculty meetings and private correspondence, law professors considered the propriety of taking a stand for or against the President's plan. Ultimately, some professors chose to go public with their support (or opposition); others considered such commentary as a form of advocacy that was incompatible with their job descriptions. This article relates and examines the debate among law professors over both the court-packing …

Federal Tax Consequences Of Civil Unions, Patricia A. Cain

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Non-Self-Executing Treaties: Exposing A Constitutional Fallacy, David Sloss

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Cleansing Moments And Retrospective Justice, Margaret M. Russell

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Command Responsibility: The Anatomy Of Proof In Romagoza V. Garcia, Beth Van Schaack

Faculty Publications

This Essay discusses two significant Alien Tort Statute (ATS) cases in the 11th Circuit involving the doctrine of superior responsibility: Ford v. Garcia and Romagoza v. Garcia. Both cases were brought in the same courtroom against two former Ministers of Defense of El Salvador. Together, the Romagoza and Ford cases are significant as the first modern command responsibility cases in which a defendant testified in his own defense and was judged by a lay jury, as opposed to by a professional judge or military officers staffing a military tribunal. These are also the first cases in which a domestic tribunal …

The Meaning Of Fair Apportionment And The Prohibition On Extraterritorial State Taxation, Bradley W. Joondeph

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ucita's Imperialism, William J. Woodward Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Uncertain Justice: Liability Of Multinationals Under The Alien Tort Claims Act, Courtney Huizar

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Lone Wolf V. Hitchcock: A Little Haiku Essay On A Missed Constitutional Moment, Frank Pommersheim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Promoting Effective Ethical Infrastructure In Large Law Firms: A Call For Research And Reporting, Elizabeth Chambliss, David B. Wilkins

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Making Sense Of Bush V. Gore, Jonathan Van Patten

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Water Transport In Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolyzers Used To Recycle Anhydrous Hcl: I. Characterization Of Diffusion And Electro-Osmotic Drag, Sathya Motupally, Aaron J. Becker, John W. Weidner

Faculty Publications

In this paper, diffusion and electro-osmotic drag of water across Nafion® membranes in the presence of HCl are characterized. For all the measurements, one side of the Nafion membrane was in contact with liquid water and the other side with gaseous anhydrous HCl. To characterize diffusion of water, the open-circuit flux of water across a catalyst-coated Nafion 115 membrane was measured as a function of HCl flow rate and temperature at a constant cell pressure of 1 atm. Due to the nature of varying driving force for diffusion as a function of HCl flow rate, the experimental data was analyzed …

Development Of A Novel Co Tolerant Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Anode, Andrew T. Haug, Ralph E. White, John W. Weidner, Wayne Huang

Faculty Publications

Typically Pt is alloyed with metals such as Ru, Sn, or Mo to provide a more CO-tolerant, high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) anode. In this work, a layer of carbon-supported Ru is placed between the Pt catalyst and the anode flow field to form a filter. When oxygen is added to the fuel stream, it was predicted that the slow H₂ kinetics of Ru in this filter would become an advantage compared to Pt and Pt:Ru alloy anodes, allowing a greater percentage of O₂ to oxidize adsorbed CO to CO₂. With an anode feed …

Studies On Capacity Fade Of Spinel-Based Li-Ion Batteries, Ramadass Premanand, Anand Durairajan, Bala Haran, Ralph E. White, Branko N. Popov

Faculty Publications

The performance of Cell-Batt^® Li-ion cells using nonstoichiometric spinel as the positive electrode material has been studied at different charging rates. The capacity of the cell was optimized based on varying the charging current and the end potential. Subsequent to this, the capacity fade of these batteries was studied at different charge currents. During cycling, cells were opened at intermittent cycles and extensive material and electrochemical characterization was done on the active material at both electrodes. For all charge currents, the resistance of both the electrodes does not vary significantly with cycling. This result is in contrast with cells …

Modeling The Effects Of Ion Association On Alternating Current Impedance Of Solid Polymer Electrolytes, Changqing Lin, Ralph E. White, Harry J. Ploehn

Faculty Publications

This work presents a rigorous continuum model describing the transport of ions and associated ion pairs in solid polymer electrolytes subjected to small amplitude alternating current (ac) excitation. The model treats ion association as a reversible reaction among ions and ion pairs. Dimensionless governing equations are developed from component mass balances, flux equations based on dilute solution theory, and the Poisson equation. Assuming reversible electrode reactions and electroneutrality, the model equations have an analytical solution. Further simplifications are possible in limiting cases (weak and strong association, zero and infinite frequency excitation), giving expressions consistent with previously published models. We use …

Problem Patrons: All Shapes And Sizes, Kelly D. Blessinger

Faculty Publications

Every type of library will inevitably have problem patrons, but this article focuses
mainly on public and academic libraries. As the times have changed, so has the magnitude of the problem patrons. Problems of the past seem irrelevant compared to some of the problems we are currently facing. Discussed in this article are particular types of problem behavior, including, but not limited to anger, harassment of staff, and homelessness. The types of each category include examples to illustrate each concern, and possible remedies.

Valley Floor Climate Observations From The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, 1986-2000, Peter T. Doran, Christopher P. Mckay, Gary D. Clow, Gayle L. Dana, Andrew G. Fountain, Thomas Nylen, W. Berry Lyons

Faculty Publications

Climate observations from the McMurdo dry valleys, East Antarctica are presented from a network of seven valley floor automatic meteorological stations during the period 1986 to 2000. Mean annual temperatures ranged from -14.8°C to -30.0°C, depending on the site and period of measurement. Mean annual relative humidity is generally highest near the coast. Mean annual wind speed increases with proximity to the polar plateau. Site-to-site variation in mean annual solar flux and PAR is due to exposure of each station and changes over time are likely related to changes in cloudiness. During the nonsummer months, strong katabatic winds are frequent …

A Heuristic For Clock Selection In High-Level Synthesis, J. Ramanujam, S. Deshpande, J. Hong, M. Kandemir

Faculty Publications

Clock selection has a significant impact on the performance and quality of designs in high-level synthesis. In most synthesis systems, a convenient value of the clock is chosen or exact (and expensive) methods have been used for clock selection. This paper presents a novel heuristic approach for near-optimal clock selection for synthesis systems. This technique is based on critical paths in the dataflow graph. In addition, we introduce and exploit a new figure of merit called the activity factor to choose the best possible clock. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed technique is very fast and produces optimal solutions …

Address Code And Arithmetic Optimizations For Embedded Systems, J. Ramanujam, S. Krishnamurthy, J. Hong, M. Kandemir

Faculty Publications

An important class of problems used widely in both the embedded systems and scientific domains perform memory intensive computations on large data sets. These data sets get to be typically stored in main memory, which means that the compiler needs to generate the address of a memory location in order to store these data elements and generate the same address again when they are subsequently retrieved. This memory address computation is quite expensive, and if it is not performed efficiently, the performance degrades significantly. In this paper, we have developed a new compiler approach for optimizing the memory performance of …

Strategies For Improving Data Locality In Embedded Applications, N. E. Crosbie, M. Kandemir, I. Kolcu, J. Ramanujam, A. Choudhary

Faculty Publications

This paper introduces a dynamic layout optimization strategy to minimize the number of cycles spent in memory accesses in a cache-based memory environment. In this approach, a given multi-dimensional array may have different memory layouts in different segments of the same application if doing so improves data locality (cache behavior) beyond the static approaches that fix memory layouts at specific forms at compile-time. An important characteristic of this strategy is that different memory layouts that a given array will assume at run-time are determined statically at compile-time; however the layout modifications (transformations), themselves, occur dynamically during the course of execution. …