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Creation Of Large-Photon-Number Path Entanglement Conditioned On Photodetection, Pieter Kok, Hwang Lee, Jonathan P. Dowling Jan 2002

Creation Of Large-Photon-Number Path Entanglement Conditioned On Photodetection, Pieter Kok, Hwang Lee, Jonathan P. Dowling

Faculty Publications

Large-photon-number path entanglement is an important resource for enhanced precision measurements and quantum imaging. We present a general constructive protocol to create any large-photon-number path-entangled state based on the conditional detection of single photons. The influence of imperfect detectors is considered and an asymptotic scaling law is derived. © 2002 The American Physical Society.

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Linear Optics And Projective Measurements Alone Suffice To Create Large-Photon-Number Path Entanglement, Hwang Lee, Pieter Kok, Nicolas J. Cerf, Jonathan P. Dowling Jan 2002

Linear Optics And Projective Measurements Alone Suffice To Create Large-Photon-Number Path Entanglement, Hwang Lee, Pieter Kok, Nicolas J. Cerf, Jonathan P. Dowling

Faculty Publications

We propose a method for preparing maximal path entanglement with a definite photon-number N, larger than two, using projective measurements. In contrast with the previously known schemes, our method uses only linear optics. Specifically, we exhibit a way of generating four-photon, path-entangled states of the form [Formula Presented] using only four beam splitters and two detectors. These states are of major interest as a resource for quantum interferometric sensors as well as for optical quantum lithography and quantum holography. © 2002 The American Physical Society.

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Single-Photon Quantum-Nondemolition Detectors Constructed With Linear Optics And Projective Measurements, Pieter Kok, Hwang Lee, Jonathan P. Dowling Jan 2002

Single-Photon Quantum-Nondemolition Detectors Constructed With Linear Optics And Projective Measurements, Pieter Kok, Hwang Lee, Jonathan P. Dowling

Faculty Publications

Optical quantum-nondemolition devices can provide essential tools for quantum information processing. Here, we describe several optical interferometers that signal the presence of a single photon in a particular input state without destroying it. We discuss both entanglement-assisted and nonentanglement-assisted interferometers, with ideal and realistic detectors. We found that the existing detectors with 88% quantum efficiency and single-photon resolution can yield output fidelities of up to 89%, depending on the input state. Furthermore, we construct expanded protocols to perform quantum-nondemolition detections of single photons that leave the polarization invariant. For detectors with 88% efficiency, we found polarization-preserving output fidelities of up …

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Narrowing Of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Resonance In A Doppler-Broadened Medium, Ali Javan, Olga Kocharovskaya, Hwang Lee, Marlan O. Scully Jan 2002

Narrowing Of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Resonance In A Doppler-Broadened Medium, Ali Javan, Olga Kocharovskaya, Hwang Lee, Marlan O. Scully

Faculty Publications

We derive an analytic expression for the linewidth of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in a Doppler-broadened system. It is shown here that for relatively low intensity of the driving field the EIT linewidth is proportional to the square root of intensity and is independent of the Doppler width, similar to the laser-induced line narrowing effect described by Feld and Javan. In the limit of high intensity we recover the usual power-broadening case where the EIT linewidth is proportional to the intensity and inversely proportional to the Doppler width. © Oxford University Press 2002.

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Space-Time Considerations In The Phase Locking Of High Harmonics, Mette B. Gaarde, Kenneth J. Schafer Jan 2002

Space-Time Considerations In The Phase Locking Of High Harmonics, Mette B. Gaarde, Kenneth J. Schafer

Faculty Publications

The combination of several high order harmonics can produce an attosecond pulse train, provided that the harmonics are locked in phase to each other. We present calculations that evaluate the degree of phase locking that is achieved in argon and neon gases interacting with an intense, 50 fs laser pulse, for a range of macroscopic conditions. We find that phase locking depends on both the temporal and the spatial phase behavior of the harmonics, as determined by the interplay between the intrinsic dipole phase and the phase matching in the nonlinear medium. We show that, as a consequence of this, …

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Quantum Path Distributions For High-Order Harmonics In Rare Gas Atoms, Mette B. Gaarde, Kenneth J. Schafer Jan 2002

Quantum Path Distributions For High-Order Harmonics In Rare Gas Atoms, Mette B. Gaarde, Kenneth J. Schafer

Faculty Publications

We present quantum path distributions of high-order harmonics produced by rare gas atoms interacting with an intense 810 nm laser field, obtained by numerical integration of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation within the single active electron approximation. We find that the distributions are sensitive to the atomic potentials, and differ from the distributions predicted by the strong field approximation. We demonstrate that these differences can lead to significant differences in the time-frequency behavior of the harmonics produced in a macroscopic nonlinear medium. © 2002 The American Physical Society.

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The Effect Of Reactor Geometry On Frontal Polymerization Spin Modes, John A. Pojman, Jonathan Masere, Enrico Petretto, Mauro Rustici, Do Sung Huh, Min Suk Kim, Vladimir Volpert Jan 2002

The Effect Of Reactor Geometry On Frontal Polymerization Spin Modes, John A. Pojman, Jonathan Masere, Enrico Petretto, Mauro Rustici, Do Sung Huh, Min Suk Kim, Vladimir Volpert

Faculty Publications

Using reactors of different sizes and geometries the dynamics of the frontal polymerization of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETAC), with ammonium persulfate as the initiator were studied. For this system, the frontal polymerization exhibits complex behavior that depends on the ratio of the monomers. For a particular range of monomers concentration, the polymerization front becomes nonplanar, and spin modes appear. By varying the reactor diameter, we experimentally confirmed the expected shift of the system to a greater number of "hot spots" for larger diameters. For square test tubes a "zig-zag" mode was observed for the first time in …

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The Depth Of Porphyrin In A Membrane And The Membrane's Physical Properties Affect The Photosensitizing Efficiency, Adina Lavi, Hana Weitman, Robert T. Holmes, Kevin M. Smith, Benjamin Ehrenberg Jan 2002

The Depth Of Porphyrin In A Membrane And The Membrane's Physical Properties Affect The Photosensitizing Efficiency, Adina Lavi, Hana Weitman, Robert T. Holmes, Kevin M. Smith, Benjamin Ehrenberg

Faculty Publications

Photosensitized biological processes, as applied in photodynamic therapy, are based on light-triggered generation of molecular singlet oxygen by a membrane-residing sensitizer. Most of the sensitizers currently used are hydrophobic or amphiphilic porphyrins and their analogs. The possible activity of the short-lived singlet oxygen is limited to the time it is diffusing in the membrane, before it emerges into the aqueous environment. In this paper we demonstrate the enhancement of the photosensitization process that is obtained by newly synthesized protoporphyrin derivatives, which insert their tetrapyrrole chromophore deeper into the lipid bilayer of liposomes. The insertion was measured by fluorescence quenching by …

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Transport Of An Antifungal Trypsin Inhibitor Isolated From Corn Across The Blood-Brain Barrier, William A. Banks, Michael L. Niehoff, Robert L. Brown, Zhi Yuan Chen, Thomas E. Cleveland Jan 2002

Transport Of An Antifungal Trypsin Inhibitor Isolated From Corn Across The Blood-Brain Barrier, William A. Banks, Michael L. Niehoff, Robert L. Brown, Zhi Yuan Chen, Thomas E. Cleveland

Faculty Publications

We determined whether an antifungal 14-kDa protein trypsin inhibitor isolated from corn is able to cross the blood-brain barrier. We found that it completely crossed the blood-brain barrier by means of a saturable mechanism at a rate of 0.153 μl/g · min, with about 0.082% of the intravenously injected dose being taken up per gram of brain.

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Glufosinate-Ammonium Reduces Growth And Aflatoxin B1 Production By Aspergillus Flavus, K. M. Tubajika, K. E. Damann Jan 2002

Glufosinate-Ammonium Reduces Growth And Aflatoxin B1 Production By Aspergillus Flavus, K. M. Tubajika, K. E. Damann

Faculty Publications

The herbicide glufosinate-ammonium (GA) [butanoic acid, 2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)-ammonium salt] was tested at concentrations from 2 to 2,000 g GA per ml for activity against growth and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production by the mycotoxigenic fungus Aspergillus flavus Link:Fr. The highest concentration (2,000 μg GA per ml) reduced colony diameter of A. flavus strain AF13 by 80%. AFB1 production was inhibited by 90% at this concentration. Reduction in mycelial dry weight and AFB1 production in response to GA application ranged from 17.2 to 97.1% and from 39.1 to 90.1%, respectively. Of four concentrations tested, 2 μg GA per ml was weakly inhibitory. In …

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A Combined Analysis Of Genomewide Linkage Scans For Body Mass Index, From The National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute Family Blood Pressure Program, Xiaodong Wu, Richard S. Cooper, Ingrid Borecki, Craig Hanis, Molly Bray, Cora E. Lewis, Xiaofeng Zhu, Donghui Kan, Amy Luke, David Curb Jan 2002

A Combined Analysis Of Genomewide Linkage Scans For Body Mass Index, From The National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute Family Blood Pressure Program, Xiaodong Wu, Richard S. Cooper, Ingrid Borecki, Craig Hanis, Molly Bray, Cora E. Lewis, Xiaofeng Zhu, Donghui Kan, Amy Luke, David Curb

Faculty Publications

A combined analysis of genome scans for obesity was undertaken using the interim results from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Blood Pressure Program. In this research project, four multicenter networks of investigators conducted eight individual studies. Data were available on 6,849 individuals from four ethnic groups (white, black, Mexican American, and Asian). The sample represents the largest single collection of genomewide scan data that has been analyzed for obesity and provides a test of the reproducibility of linkage analysis for a complex phenotype. Body mass index (BMI) was used as the measure of adiposity. Genomewide linkage analyses …

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Predicting Incident Diabetes In Jamaica: The Role Of Anthropometry, Lincoln A. Sargeant, Franklyn I. Bennett, Terrence E. Forrester, Richard S. Cooper, Rainford J. Wilks Jan 2002

Predicting Incident Diabetes In Jamaica: The Role Of Anthropometry, Lincoln A. Sargeant, Franklyn I. Bennett, Terrence E. Forrester, Richard S. Cooper, Rainford J. Wilks

Faculty Publications

Objective: To evaluate the performance of the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) in predicting incident diabetes in Jamaica. Research Methods and Procedures: A cohort of 728 non-diabetic adults (290 men and 438 women), ages 25 to 74 years and residents of Spanish Town, Jamaica, were followed for a mean of 4 years. Participants had fasting and 2-hour postchallenge glucose concentrations measured at baseline and follow-up. Results: There were 51 cases of incident diabetes (17 men and 34 women). All indices were independent predictors of diabetes, and none was clearly superior. The area …

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Ethnic-Difference Markers For Use In Mapping By Admixture Linkage Disequilibrium, Heather E. Collins-Schramm, Carolyn M. Phillips, Darwin J. Operario, Jane S. Lee, James L. Weber, Robert L. Hanson, William C. Knowler, Richard Cooper, Hongzhe Li, Michael F. Seldin Jan 2002

Ethnic-Difference Markers For Use In Mapping By Admixture Linkage Disequilibrium, Heather E. Collins-Schramm, Carolyn M. Phillips, Darwin J. Operario, Jane S. Lee, James L. Weber, Robert L. Hanson, William C. Knowler, Richard Cooper, Hongzhe Li, Michael F. Seldin

Faculty Publications

Mapping by admixture linkage disequilibrium (MALD) is a potentially powerful technique for the mapping of complex genetic diseases. The practical requirements of this method include (a) a set of markers spanning the genome that have large allele-frequency differences between the parental ethnicities contributing to the admixed population and (b) an understanding of the extent of admixture in the study population. To this end, a DNA-pooling technique was used to screen microsatellite and diallelic insertion/deletion markers for allele-frequency differences between putative representatives of the parental populations of the admixed Mexican American (MA) and African American (AA) populations. Markers with promising pooled …

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A Genome-Wide Scan For Obesity In African-Americans, Xiaofeng Zhu, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke, Guanjie Chen, Xiaodong Wu, Donghui Kan, Aravinda Chakravarti, Alan Weder Jan 2002

A Genome-Wide Scan For Obesity In African-Americans, Xiaofeng Zhu, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke, Guanjie Chen, Xiaodong Wu, Donghui Kan, Aravinda Chakravarti, Alan Weder

Faculty Publications

A genome-wide scan using 387 short tandem repeat markers was conducted for obesity among 618 black individuals from 202 families residing in a suburb of Chicago. Evidence for linkage was evaluated with BMI and percent body fat (PBF) using a variance component analysis approach. Suggestive evidence for linkage was found for BMI on chromosome 5 (logarithm of odds [LOD] score = 1.9) and PBF on chromosome 6 (LOD score = 2.7). One additional region on chromosome 3 was linked to these phenotypes at a lower level of significance (LOD score = 1.8 and 0.95 for BMI and PBF, respectively); the …

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Activity Energy Expenditure And Adiposity Among Black Adults In Nigeria And The United States, Amy Luke, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Charles N. Rotimi, Helen Iams, Dale A. Schoeller, Abedowale A. Adeyemo, Terrence E. Forrester, Rainford Wilks, Richard S. Cooper Jan 2002

Activity Energy Expenditure And Adiposity Among Black Adults In Nigeria And The United States, Amy Luke, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Charles N. Rotimi, Helen Iams, Dale A. Schoeller, Abedowale A. Adeyemo, Terrence E. Forrester, Rainford Wilks, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Background: The prevalence of obesity is higher among populations in industrialized than in developing countries. Objective: We sought to compare the relations of activity energy expenditure (AEE) with adiposity and weight change in 2 black populations with different levels of obesity. Design: Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured and AEE was calculated in 58 Nigerian and 34 US black women and men. Weight was remeasured after ≥1 y in a subset of participants. AEE adjusted for body size and TDEE adjusted for REE were calculated with the use of the residual regression method. The …

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Effect Of Sweeteners On The Microstructure Of Yogurt, Zahur Z. Haque, Kayanush J. Aryana Jan 2002

Effect Of Sweeteners On The Microstructure Of Yogurt, Zahur Z. Haque, Kayanush J. Aryana

Faculty Publications

The objective was to determine the effect of a peptide sweetener, Aspartame, compared to a carbohydrate sweetener, sucrose, on the microstructure of yogurt. Microstructure was determined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Without the sweeteners, casein micelles, that make up the yogurt matrix, were observed in single longitudinal polymers. When Aspartame was used, casein micelles formed double longitudinal polymers. In comparison sugar caused casein micelles to form clusters. Data show that type of sweetener impacts state of association of casein micelles and thus effects microstructure.

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Volatiles In Lowfat Cheddar Cheese Containing Commercial Fat Replacers, Zahur U. Haque, Kayanush J. Aryana Jan 2002

Volatiles In Lowfat Cheddar Cheese Containing Commercial Fat Replacers, Zahur U. Haque, Kayanush J. Aryana

Faculty Publications

Influence of protein (Dairy Lo™ )(DL) and carbohydrate based (Novagel™)(NOV) fat replacers on the flavor volatiles of low fat Cheddar cheese (5% fat), during initial stage of ripening, were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The predominant volatiles in all cheeses were; octanoic acid> acetoin > 2,3-butanedione. Undecanoic acid, nonanoic acid, and heptanone were less dominant Treatments apparently attenuated them differently during initial aging compared to the low fat control (LFC) based on their relative ratio to an internal standard (12 μg of 3-heptanol/250 g of grated cheese). Within one month of maturation, the ratio of acetoin increased from 12.5 to 16, …

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Microstructure And Some Functional Properties Of Spray Dried Cheddar Whey Concentrated By Ultrafiltration Or Combination Of Ultrafiltration And Vacuum Evaporation, Kayanush J. Aryana, Zahur Z. Haque Jan 2002

Microstructure And Some Functional Properties Of Spray Dried Cheddar Whey Concentrated By Ultrafiltration Or Combination Of Ultrafiltration And Vacuum Evaporation, Kayanush J. Aryana, Zahur Z. Haque

Faculty Publications

In order to study the influence of the vacuum evaporation (VE) process on the functionality of whey protein concentrates (WPC's), Cheddar WPC's were produced with and without VE, viz. by i) ultrafiltration (UF) and spray drying (SD) (UFSD), and by ii) UF, VE and SD (UFVESD). Geling properties and interfacial microstructure around residual fat were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Both WPC's were hydrated with 0.1 M NaCl at pH 7.0 (10% protein w/v) and gels were made in glass tubes by heating for 15 min at 90°C. Electron dense membrane like structures were seen at the oil-water interface of …

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Effect Of Copper, Iron, Zinc And Magnesium Ions On Bovine Serum Albumin Gelation, Zahur Z. Haque, Kayanush J. Aryana Jan 2002

Effect Of Copper, Iron, Zinc And Magnesium Ions On Bovine Serum Albumin Gelation, Zahur Z. Haque, Kayanush J. Aryana

Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to observe the effect of trace amounts of various ions CuSO4, FeSO4, ZnSO4 and MgSO4, on the microstructure of bovine serum albumin (BSA) gels. Microstructure was studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Protein dispersions (5% w/v) were made in 0.1 M NaCl containing 5 mM of each of the divalent cations. The pH was adjusted to pH 7 using 0.1 N NaOH. Addition of CuSO4 markedly changed the microstructure of BSA gels; significantly larger water entrapping void spaces were seen and the gel matrix comprised of larger aggregates. An opposite effect was seen for MgSO4 …

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Determination And Consideration Of Flight Potential In A Laboratory Population Of True Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Lizhi Luo, S. J. Johnson, A. M. Hammond, J. D. Lopez, J. P. Geaghan, K. R. Beerwinkle, J. K. Westbrook Jan 2002

Determination And Consideration Of Flight Potential In A Laboratory Population Of True Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Lizhi Luo, S. J. Johnson, A. M. Hammond, J. D. Lopez, J. P. Geaghan, K. R. Beerwinkle, J. K. Westbrook

Faculty Publications

Flight potential, a poorly understood phenomenon in the migratory true armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth), was investigated in a laboratory population using tethered-flight techniques. True armyworm exhibited strong flight potential relative to other known migratory noctuids whose flight potentials were previously determined by similar techniques. Flight potential was generally low for 1-d-old moths and increased with age to day 5 of adult life. Flight speed and distance flown decreased for female moths from day 5 to day 10 as their reproductive system developed. The greatest average flight speed, total flight duration, and distance flown was exhibited by 5-d-old females and 10-d-old …

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Behavior Of Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae On Genetically Engineered Cotton., J. Gore, B. R. Leonard, G. E. Church, D. R. Cook Jan 2002

Behavior Of Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae On Genetically Engineered Cotton., J. Gore, B. R. Leonard, G. E. Church, D. R. Cook

Faculty Publications

Reports of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), larvae feeding in white flowers of Bollgard cotton have been relatively common since the commercialization of this technology in 1996. Field studies were conducted in Louisiana to determine if differences in bollworm larval behavior occuron non-Bollgard (cultivar 'Deltapine 5415') and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Bollgard ('NuCOTN 33B') cottons. Larvae were placed on the terminal foliage of either single cotton plants or on all plants within 1-m row micro-plots. On preflowering cotton plants, significantly more bollworms moved from the site of infestation (terminal) on Bollgard plants compared with that on non-Bollgard plants. On individual flowering plants, …

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Acetylcholinesterase Mediated Susceptibility Of Soldiers And Workers Of Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) To Chlorpyrifos., Sridevi S. Gatti, Gregg Henderson, Yehia A.I. Abdel-Aal, Sanaa A. Ibrahim Jan 2002

Acetylcholinesterase Mediated Susceptibility Of Soldiers And Workers Of Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) To Chlorpyrifos., Sridevi S. Gatti, Gregg Henderson, Yehia A.I. Abdel-Aal, Sanaa A. Ibrahim

Faculty Publications

Target site studies were undertaken to examine the difference in susceptibility of Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, workers and soldiers to chlorpyrifos. Workers exhibited significantly greater acetylcholinesterase activity per insect than soldiers (118.63 +/- 48.51 versus 47.98 +/- 22.59 mOD/min/insect equivalent). Likewise, enzyme activity (mean +/- SD) per milligram of protein was greater in workers than soldiers (440.30 +/- 267.43 versus 311.53 +/- 149.83 mOD/min/mg protein). The enzyme of soldiers was more sensitive to the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors eserine and chlorpyrifos-oxon than that of workers. The I50s of chlorpyrifos-oxon were 2.66 and 4.59 nM for soldiers and workers, respectively, …

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Laptop Requirement Usage And Impact In Graduate Ils Education, Bin Li, Gregory B. Newby Jan 2002

Laptop Requirement Usage And Impact In Graduate Ils Education, Bin Li, Gregory B. Newby

Faculty Publications

A new requirement for personal laptop computer ownership was implemented for graduate information and library science (ILS) students. This study evaluates the impact and usage of laptop computers, and the real and envisioned benefits of laptop ownership during the first six months of the requirement's implementation. Online and email surveys were used for data gathering, and a combination of quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Student perspectives were emphasized, and institutional background were examined. It was found that students' reaction to the requirement and their usage of laptops was influenced by their previous experiences with computers, their computer skills, and …

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Climate/Chemistry Effects Of The Pinatubo Volcanic Eruption Simulated By The Uiuc Stratosphere/Troposphere Gcm With Interactive Photochemistry, E. V. Rozanov, M. E. Schlesinger, N. G. Andronova, F. Yang, S. L. Malyshev, V. A. Zubov, T. A. Egorova, B. Li Jan 2002

Climate/Chemistry Effects Of The Pinatubo Volcanic Eruption Simulated By The Uiuc Stratosphere/Troposphere Gcm With Interactive Photochemistry, E. V. Rozanov, M. E. Schlesinger, N. G. Andronova, F. Yang, S. L. Malyshev, V. A. Zubov, T. A. Egorova, B. Li

Faculty Publications

The influence of the sulfate aerosol formed following the massive Pinatubo volcanic eruption in June 1991 on the chemical composition, temperature, and dynamics of the atmosphere has been investigated with the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) stratosphere-troposphere General Circulation Model (GCM) with interactive photochemistry (ST-GCM/PC). Ensembles of five runs have been performed for the unperturbed (control) and perturbed (experiment) conditions. The simulated repartitioning within the chlorine and nitrogen groups, as well as the ozone changes, are in reasonable quantitative agreement with observations and theoretical expectations. The simulated ozone changes in the tropics reveal the ozone mixing ratio decreases below …

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Synthesis Of Isomers Of Organotin Substituted Polyoxotungstates And Comparison Of The Antitumor Activity Of Isomers, Xiaohong Wang, Jutao Liu, Rongchang Zhang, Bin Li, Jingfu Liu Jan 2002

Synthesis Of Isomers Of Organotin Substituted Polyoxotungstates And Comparison Of The Antitumor Activity Of Isomers, Xiaohong Wang, Jutao Liu, Rongchang Zhang, Bin Li, Jingfu Liu

Faculty Publications

A comparison of the antitumor activity against two human tumor cell lines for the isomers of organometallo-substituted polyoxometalates is reported. The polyoxometalate skeletal isomers affect the antitumor activity. It is observed that the order of the antitumor activity of complexes is consistent with the order of the oxidation ability of polyanions among a couple of isomers possessing the same polyanion and organometallic group whether in the series of monosubstituted complexes or trisubstituted complexes as well in the sandwich compounds.

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The Process-Outcome Connection In Foreign Policy Decision Making: A Quantitative Study Building On Groupthink, Mark Schafer, Scott Crichlow Jan 2002

The Process-Outcome Connection In Foreign Policy Decision Making: A Quantitative Study Building On Groupthink, Mark Schafer, Scott Crichlow

Faculty Publications

This article investigates whether certain factors pertaining to the process of foreign policy decision making have a measurable, qualitative effect on foreign policy outcomes. The research is grounded in the groupthink literature but incorporates different dimensions of similar underlying notions from other international relations areas as well. Three different types of process factors are investigated: situational factors, such as stress and time constraints; factors associated with the structure of the group; and information processing factors. We test the influence of these factors on two types of outcomes - a decision's effect on national interests and its effect on the level …

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Packing Cycles In Graphs, Guoli Ding, Wenan Zang Jan 2002

Packing Cycles In Graphs, Guoli Ding, Wenan Zang

Faculty Publications

A graph G is called cycle Mengerian (CM) if for all nonnegative integral function w defined on V(G), the maximum number of cycles (repetition is allowed) in G such that each vertex v is used at most w(v) times is equal to the minimum of ∑ {w(x) : x ∈ X}, where the minimum is taken over all X ⊆ V(G) such that deleting X from G results in a forest. The purpose of this paper is to characterize all CM graphs in terms of forbidden structures. As a corollary, we prove that if the fractional version of the above …

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Compactification Of Classical Groups, Hongyu He Jan 2002

Compactification Of Classical Groups, Hongyu He

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Chapter 23 Optimal Design Of Gradient Fields With Applications To Electrostatics, Robert Lipton, Ani P. Velo Jan 2002

Chapter 23 Optimal Design Of Gradient Fields With Applications To Electrostatics, Robert Lipton, Ani P. Velo

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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On Matroids Of Branch-Width Three, Rhiannon Hall, James Oxley, Charles Semple, Geoff Whittle Jan 2002

On Matroids Of Branch-Width Three, Rhiannon Hall, James Oxley, Charles Semple, Geoff Whittle

Faculty Publications

For all positive integers k, the class Bk of matroids of branch-width at most k is minor-closed. When k is 1 or 2, the class Bk is, respectively, the class of direct sums of loops and coloops, and the class of direct sums of series-parallel networks. B3 is a much richer class as it contains infinite antichains of matroids and is thus not well-quasi-ordered under the minor order. In this paper, it is shown that, like B1 and B2, the class B3 can be characterized by a finite list of excluded minors. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).

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