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The Composition Of Cosmic Rays At The Knee, S. P. Swordy, L. F. Fortson, J. Hinton, J. Hörandel, J. Knapp, C. L. Pryke, T. Shibata, S. P. Wakely, Z. Cao, M. L. Cherry, S. Coutu, J. Cronin, R. Engel, J. W. Fowler, K. H. Kampert, J. Kettler, D. B. Kieda, J. Matthews, S. A. Minnick, A. Moiseev, D. Muller, M. Roth, A. Sill, G. Spiczak Oct 2002

The Composition Of Cosmic Rays At The Knee, S. P. Swordy, L. F. Fortson, J. Hinton, J. Hörandel, J. Knapp, C. L. Pryke, T. Shibata, S. P. Wakely, Z. Cao, M. L. Cherry, S. Coutu, J. Cronin, R. Engel, J. W. Fowler, K. H. Kampert, J. Kettler, D. B. Kieda, J. Matthews, S. A. Minnick, A. Moiseev, D. Muller, M. Roth, A. Sill, G. Spiczak

Faculty Publications

The observation of a small change in spectral slope, or 'knee' in the fluxes of cosmic rays near energies 1015 eV has caused much speculation since its discovery over 40 years ago. The origin of this feature remains unknown. A small workshop to review some modern experimental measurements of this region was held at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago, USA in June 2000. This paper summarizes the results presented at this workshop and the discussion of their interpretation in the context of hadronic models of atmospheric air showers. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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Heca, A Member Of A Class Of Adhesins Produced By Diverse Pathogenic Bacteria, Contributes To The Attachment, Aggregation, Epidermal Cell Killing, And Virulence Phenotypes Of Erwinia Chrysanthemi Ec16 On Nicotiana Clevelandii Seedlings, Clemencia M. Rojas, Jong Hyun Ham, Wen Ling Deng, Jeff J. Doyle, Alan Collmer Oct 2002

Heca, A Member Of A Class Of Adhesins Produced By Diverse Pathogenic Bacteria, Contributes To The Attachment, Aggregation, Epidermal Cell Killing, And Virulence Phenotypes Of Erwinia Chrysanthemi Ec16 On Nicotiana Clevelandii Seedlings, Clemencia M. Rojas, Jong Hyun Ham, Wen Ling Deng, Jeff J. Doyle, Alan Collmer

Faculty Publications

Erwinia chrysanthemi is representative of a broad class of bacterial pathogens that are capable of inducing necrosis in plants. The E. chrysanthemi EC16 hecA gene predicts a 3,850-aa member of the Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin family of adhesins. A hecA::Tn7 mutant was reduced in virulence on Nicotiana clevelandii seedlings after inoculation without wounding. Epifluorescence and confocal laser-scanning microscopy observations of hecA and wild-type cells expressing the green fluorescent protein revealed that the mutant is reduced in its ability to attach and then form aggregates on leaves and to cause an aggregate-associated killing of epidermal cells. Cell killing also depended on …

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Triples Of Arrangements And Local Systems, Daniel C. Cohen Oct 2002

Triples Of Arrangements And Local Systems, Daniel C. Cohen

Faculty Publications

For a triple of complex hyperplane arrangements, there is a well-known long exact sequence relating the cohomology of the complements. We observe that this result extends to certain local coefficient systems, and use this extension to study the characteristic varieties of arrangements. We show that the first characteristic variety may contain components that are translated by characters of any order, thereby answering a question of A. Suciu.

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Performance Evaluation Of Path Searching Heuristics For Multicast Qos Routing, Daniel Zappala, Dayi Zhou Oct 2002

Performance Evaluation Of Path Searching Heuristics For Multicast Qos Routing, Daniel Zappala, Dayi Zhou

Faculty Publications

Quality of Service routing for multicast enables a group member to find and install a branch of the multicast tree that can meet its QoS constraints. The most promising protocols in this area use receiver-oriented path searching heuristics to find feasible routes. In this paper, we examine the performance of the path searching heuristics used by these protocols, to determine which techniques are the most effective. We find that several low-overhead path searching heuristics are effective, and that generic path searching can work as well as targeted, QoS-specific searching.

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Between Law And Grace: Ritual And Ritual Studies In Recent Evangelical Thought, Gerald Klingbeil Oct 2002

Between Law And Grace: Ritual And Ritual Studies In Recent Evangelical Thought, Gerald Klingbeil

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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To What Extent Does The Power Of Government To Determine The Boundaries And Conditions Of Lawful Commerce Permit Government To Declare Who May Advertise And Who May Not?, William W. Van Alstyne Oct 2002

To What Extent Does The Power Of Government To Determine The Boundaries And Conditions Of Lawful Commerce Permit Government To Declare Who May Advertise And Who May Not?, William W. Van Alstyne

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Book Review: Bennett Explains Arbitration Fundamentals, Without The Legalese, Amy J. Schmitz Oct 2002

Book Review: Bennett Explains Arbitration Fundamentals, Without The Legalese, Amy J. Schmitz

Faculty Publications

At the outset of the book, Steven Bennett expresses "fervent hope that this book will be of use to lawyers, law students and business people interested in learning the fundamentals of arbitration law." The book therefore focuses on fundamental, or basic, arbitration concepts and norms. It does not purport to provide in-depth discussion and analysis of arbitration law, but instead serves as a shelf reference or primer that promises to achieve Bennett's goal.

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Strawberry Anthracnose: Histopathology Of Colletotrichum Acutatum And C. Fragariae, Kenneth J. Curry, Maritza Abril, Jana B. Avant, Barbara J. Smith Oct 2002

Strawberry Anthracnose: Histopathology Of Colletotrichum Acutatum And C. Fragariae, Kenneth J. Curry, Maritza Abril, Jana B. Avant, Barbara J. Smith

Faculty Publications

Ontogeny of the invasion process by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. fragariae was studied on petioles and stolons of the strawberry cultivar Chandler using light and electron microscopy. The invasion of host tissue by each fungal species was similar; however, each invasion event occurred more rapidly with C. fragariae than with C. acutatum. Following cuticular penetration via an appressorium, subsequent steps of invasion involved hyphal growth within the cuticle and within the cell walls of epidermal, subepidermal, and subtending cells. Both species of fungi began invasion with a brief biotrophic phase before entering an extended necrotrophic phase. Acervuli formed once …

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Direct Estimation Of Aboveground Forest Productivity Through Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Of Canopy Nitrogen, Marie-Louise Smith, Scott V. Ollinger, Mary E. Martin, John D. Aber, Richard A. Hallett, Christine L. Goodale Oct 2002

Direct Estimation Of Aboveground Forest Productivity Through Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Of Canopy Nitrogen, Marie-Louise Smith, Scott V. Ollinger, Mary E. Martin, John D. Aber, Richard A. Hallett, Christine L. Goodale

Faculty Publications

The concentration of nitrogen in foliage has been related to rates of net photosynthesis across a wide range of plant species and functional groups and thus represents a simple and biologically meaningful link between terrestrial cycles of carbon and nitrogen. Although foliar N is used by ecosystem models to predict rates of leaf‐level photosynthesis, it has rarely been examined as a direct scalar to stand‐level carbon gain. Establishment of such relationships would greatly simplify the nature of forest C and N linkages, enhancing our ability to derive estimates of forest productivity at landscape to regional scales. Here, we report on …

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The Equatorial Thermocline Outcroppin - A Seasonal Control On The Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Instability Strength, Eli Galanti, Eli Tziperman, Matthew Harrison, Anthony Rosati, Ralf Giering, Ziv Sirkes Oct 2002

The Equatorial Thermocline Outcroppin - A Seasonal Control On The Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Instability Strength, Eli Galanti, Eli Tziperman, Matthew Harrison, Anthony Rosati, Ralf Giering, Ziv Sirkes

Faculty Publications

One of the major factors determining the strength and extent of ENSO events is the instability state of the equatorial Pacific coupled ocean-atmosphere system and its seasonal variations. This study analyzes the coupled instability in a hybrid coupled model of the Indo-Pacific region, using the adjoint method for sensitivity studies. It is found that the seasonal changes in the ocean-atmosphere instability strength in the model used here are related to the outcropping of the thermocline in the east equatorial Pacific. From July to December, when the thermocline outcrops over a wide area in the east Pacific, there is a strong …

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Library Service To African Americans In Kentucky, Patterson Toby Graham Oct 2002

Library Service To African Americans In Kentucky, Patterson Toby Graham

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Federal Judicial Selection As War, Part Three: The Role Of Ideology, Michael J. Gerhardt Oct 2002

Federal Judicial Selection As War, Part Three: The Role Of Ideology, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Federalism-Rights Nexus: Explaining Why Senate Democrats Tolerate Rehnquist Court Decision Making But Not The Rehnquist Court, Neal Devins Oct 2002

The Federalism-Rights Nexus: Explaining Why Senate Democrats Tolerate Rehnquist Court Decision Making But Not The Rehnquist Court, Neal Devins

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Transaction Costs Relating To Acquisition Or Enhancement Of Intangible Property: A Populist, Political, But Practical Perspective, John W. Lee Oct 2002

Transaction Costs Relating To Acquisition Or Enhancement Of Intangible Property: A Populist, Political, But Practical Perspective, John W. Lee

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Drawing The Line Between Taxes And Takings: The Continuous Burdens Principle, And Its Broader Application, Eric Kades Oct 2002

Drawing The Line Between Taxes And Takings: The Continuous Burdens Principle, And Its Broader Application, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The End Of The Hudson Valley's Peculiar Institution: The Anti-Rent Movement's Politics, Social Relations, & Economics, Eric Kades Oct 2002

The End Of The Hudson Valley's Peculiar Institution: The Anti-Rent Movement's Politics, Social Relations, & Economics, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Continuity And Change In Adventist Teaching: A Case Study In Doctrinal Development, By Rolf J. Pöhler, Denis Fortin Oct 2002

Review Of Continuity And Change In Adventist Teaching: A Case Study In Doctrinal Development, By Rolf J. Pöhler, Denis Fortin

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Three Orientations And Four ‘Sins’ In Comparative Studies, Bo Mou Oct 2002

Three Orientations And Four ‘Sins’ In Comparative Studies, Bo Mou

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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A Fourth Amendment "Search" In The Age Of Technology: Postmodern Perspectives, Kathryn R. Urbonya Oct 2002

A Fourth Amendment "Search" In The Age Of Technology: Postmodern Perspectives, Kathryn R. Urbonya

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Isolation And Characterization Of Atriplex Hortensis And Sweet Chenopodium Quinoa Starches, K. H. Wright, K. C. Huber, Daniel J. Fairbanks, C. S. Huber Oct 2002

Isolation And Characterization Of Atriplex Hortensis And Sweet Chenopodium Quinoa Starches, K. H. Wright, K. C. Huber, Daniel J. Fairbanks, C. S. Huber

Faculty Publications

Starches from garden orach (Atriplex hortensis) and sweet quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. "Surumi") seeds were isolated, examined for compositional characteristics, and compared with bitter quinoa (Cheno-podium quinoa Willd.) starch. Garden orach and sweet quinoa seeds were similar in fat and ash contents, while garden orach seeds contained 10% more protein. Starches were isolated from seeds following a 12-hr soak in dilute alkaline solution using a series of grinding, screening, centrifugation, and washing steps. Isolated starches viewed by scanning electron microscopy yielded angular, polygonal granules 2 m in diameter. Starches displayed typical A-type crystalline packing arrangements as determined by X-ray powder …

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Compact Focusing Von Hamos Spectrometer For Quantitative X-Ray Spectroscopy, Larry V. Knight, A. P. Shevelko, Yu S. Kasyanov, O. F. Yakushev Oct 2002

Compact Focusing Von Hamos Spectrometer For Quantitative X-Ray Spectroscopy, Larry V. Knight, A. P. Shevelko, Yu S. Kasyanov, O. F. Yakushev

Faculty Publications

A compact focusing crystal spectrometer based on the von Hamos scheme is described. Cylindrically curved mica and graphite crystals with a radius of curvature of R = 20 mm are used in the spectrometer. A front illuminated charge-coupled device (CCD) linear array detector makes this spectrometer useful for real-time spectroscopy of laser-produced plasma x-ray sources within the wavelength range of lambda= 1.8-10 Angstroms. Calibration of crystals and the CCD linear array makes it possible to measure absolute photon fluxes. X-ray spectra in an absolute intensity scale were obtained from Mg, Ti, and Fe laser-produced plasmas, with a spectral resolution lambda/delta …

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Bluetooth: An Emerging Technology For Wireless Personal Area Networks, Eric S. Hall, Charles D. Knutson, David K. Vawdrey Oct 2002

Bluetooth: An Emerging Technology For Wireless Personal Area Networks, Eric S. Hall, Charles D. Knutson, David K. Vawdrey

Faculty Publications

Look under your desk or behind your computer. See that rat’s nest of wires and cables? Almost every cable or wire that tethers us to our devices (or our devices to one another) is unnecessary. Bluetooth wireless technology promises to reduce the cabling chaos that afflicts us all. Bluetooth is a recently developed technology that uses radio frequency (RF) transceivers to provide point-to-multipoint wireless connectivity within a personal space. Bluetooth was designed for both voice and data communication at low per-unit costs while consuming little power. To achieve the cost and power goals, Bluetooth limits connectivity to a sphere of …

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Near-Band-Edge Photoluminescence Of Wurtzite-Type Aln, E. Kuokstis, J. Zhang, Q. Fareed, J. W. Yang, Grigory Simin, M. Asif Khan, R. Gaska, M. Shur, C. Rojo, L. Schowalter Sep 2002

Near-Band-Edge Photoluminescence Of Wurtzite-Type Aln, E. Kuokstis, J. Zhang, Q. Fareed, J. W. Yang, Grigory Simin, M. Asif Khan, R. Gaska, M. Shur, C. Rojo, L. Schowalter

Faculty Publications

Temperature-dependentphotoluminescence(PL)measurements were performed for A-plane and C-plane bulk AlN single crystals and epitaxial layers on sapphire. A strong near-band-edge (NBE) emission and deep-level luminescence were observed. At low excitations, the emission spectra are dominated by free and bound excitonic transitions and their LO-phonon replicas. At high excitations, the broadening and redshift of the NBE band is attributed to dense electron–hole plasma formation. The PL spectra differences of bulk single crystals and epilayers is explained by the electron–hole plasma expansion peculiarities.

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I Am/Was The Walrus, Daniel Beller-Mckenna Sep 2002

I Am/Was The Walrus, Daniel Beller-Mckenna

Faculty Publications

For most of his adult life, John Lennon fought to define himself against his public identity as "Beatle-:John." That image, crafted by the Beatles' manager Brian Epstein and the pop music industry became a burden to all four of the Beatles during the group's seven years of international star-dom. In place of the rough leather-clad rock and roll band that played rambling one hour sets in the Hamburg Kaiserkeller and the Liverpool Cavern Club during 1960-61, Epstein forged a more commercially viable group of four well (and uniformly) dressed young men whose stage act was reduced to twenty minute carefully …

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Atpase Activity Of The Msba Lipid Flippase Of Escherichia Coli, William T. Doerrler, Christian R.H. Raetz Sep 2002

Atpase Activity Of The Msba Lipid Flippase Of Escherichia Coli, William T. Doerrler, Christian R.H. Raetz

Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli MsbA, the proposed inner membrane lipid flippase, is an essential ATP-binding cassette transporter protein with homology to mammalian multidrug resistance proteins. Depletion or loss of function of MsbA results in the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide and phospholipids in the inner membrane of E. coli. MsbA modified with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag was overexpressed, solubilized with a nonionic detergent, and purified by nickel affinity chromatography to ∼95% purity. The ATPase activity of the purified protein was stimulated by phospholipids. When reconstituted into liposomes prepared from E. coli phospholipids, MsbA displayed an apparent Km of 878 μM and a Vmax of …

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The Distant Type Ia Supernova Rate, R. Pain, S. Fabbro, M. Sullivan, R. S. Ellis, G. Aldering, P. Astier, S. E. Deustua, A. S. Fruchter, G. Goldhaber, A. Goobar, D. E. Groom, D. Hardin, I. M. Hook, D. A. Howell, M. J. Irwin, A. G. Kim, M. Y. Kim, R. A. Knop, J. C. Lee, C. Lidman, R. G. Mcmahon, P. E. Nugent, N. Panagia, C. R. Pennypacker, S. Perlmutter, P. Ruiz-Lapuente, K. Schahmaneche, B. Schaefer, N. A. Walton Sep 2002

The Distant Type Ia Supernova Rate, R. Pain, S. Fabbro, M. Sullivan, R. S. Ellis, G. Aldering, P. Astier, S. E. Deustua, A. S. Fruchter, G. Goldhaber, A. Goobar, D. E. Groom, D. Hardin, I. M. Hook, D. A. Howell, M. J. Irwin, A. G. Kim, M. Y. Kim, R. A. Knop, J. C. Lee, C. Lidman, R. G. Mcmahon, P. E. Nugent, N. Panagia, C. R. Pennypacker, S. Perlmutter, P. Ruiz-Lapuente, K. Schahmaneche, B. Schaefer, N. A. Walton

Faculty Publications

We present a measurement of the rate of distant Type la supernovae derived using four large subsets of data from the Supernova Cosmology Project. Within this fiducial sample, which surveyed about 12 deg2, 38 supernovae were detected at redshifts 0.25-0.85. In a spatially flat cosmological model consistent with the results obtained by the Supernova Cosmology Project, we derive a rest-frame Type la supernova rate at a mean redshift z ≃ 0.55 of 1.53-0.25-0.31-0.28-0.32 × 10-4 h 3 Mpc-3 yr-1 or 0.58-0.09-0.09-0.10-0.10 h2 SNu (1 SNu = 1 supernova per century per 1010 LB⊙), where the first uncertainty is statistical and …

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The Nature Of Interchain Excitations In Conjugated Polymers: Spatially-Varying Interfacial Solvatochromism Of Annealed Meh-Ppv Films Studied By Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (Nsom), Richard D. Schaller, Lynn F. Lee, Justin C. Johnson, Louis H. Haber, Richard J. Saykally, John Vieceli, Ilan Benjamin, Thuc Quyen Nguyen, Benjamin J. Schwartz Sep 2002

The Nature Of Interchain Excitations In Conjugated Polymers: Spatially-Varying Interfacial Solvatochromism Of Annealed Meh-Ppv Films Studied By Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (Nsom), Richard D. Schaller, Lynn F. Lee, Justin C. Johnson, Louis H. Haber, Richard J. Saykally, John Vieceli, Ilan Benjamin, Thuc Quyen Nguyen, Benjamin J. Schwartz

Faculty Publications

The nature of interchain excitations in conjugated polymers was discussed. The spatially-varying solvatochromism of annealed poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) films were studied by near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). The solvatochromic spectral shifts of the interfacial luminescence were measured as a function of solvent polarity. The results were analyzed with an interfacial dielectric continuum model to determine the dipole moment of emissive excited states.

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The Rhetoric And Promises Of Accountability (Lecture), Melvin J. Dubnick Sep 2002

The Rhetoric And Promises Of Accountability (Lecture), Melvin J. Dubnick

Faculty Publications

This document discusses the conceptual challenges, historical roots, and cultural ambiguities of the term “accountability” and advocates for its careful reexamination and preservation in modern governance.

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Density And Conformation With Relaxed Substrate, Bulk, And Interface In Electrophoretic Deposition Of Polymer Chains, F.W. Bentrem, J. Xie, Ras B. Pandey Sep 2002

Density And Conformation With Relaxed Substrate, Bulk, And Interface In Electrophoretic Deposition Of Polymer Chains, F.W. Bentrem, J. Xie, Ras B. Pandey

Faculty Publications

Characteristics of relaxed density profile and conformation of polymer chains are studied by a Monte Carlo simulation on a discrete lattice in three dimensions using different segmental (kink-jump (K), crank-shaft (C), reptation (R)) dynamics. Three distinct density regimes, substrate, bulk, and interface, are identified. With the KC segmental dynamics, we find that the substrate coverage grows with a power law, ds∝tγ with a field (E) dependent non-universal exponent γ=0.23+0.7E. The bulk volume fraction db and the substrate polymer density (ds) increases with the field with power-laws (db …

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Little Qualitative Rna Misexpression In Sterile Male F1 Hybrids Of Drosophila Pseudoobscura And D. Persimilis, Jane Reiland, Mohamed A.F. Noor Sep 2002

Little Qualitative Rna Misexpression In Sterile Male F1 Hybrids Of Drosophila Pseudoobscura And D. Persimilis, Jane Reiland, Mohamed A.F. Noor

Faculty Publications

Background: Although the genetics of hybrid sterility has been the subject of evolutionary studies for over sixty years, no one has shown the reason(s) why alleles that operate normally within species fail to function in another genetic background. Several lines of evidence suggest that failures in normal gene transcription contribute to hybrid dysfunctions, but genome-wide studies of gene expression in pure-species and hybrids have not been undertaken. Here, we study genome-wide patterns of expression in Drosophila pseudoobscura, D. persimilis, and their sterile F1 hybrid males using differential display. Results: Over five thousand amplifications were analyzed, and 3312 were present in …

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