Digital Commons Network^™

Racialized Early Grade (Mis)Behavior: The Links Between Same-Race/Ethnicity Teachers And Discipline In Elementary School, Nayoung Hwang, Patrick Graff, Mark Berends

Faculty Publications

Studies persistently show disparities in exclusionary discipline across racial/ethnic groups in U.S. schools. Using administrative data from kindergarteners through fifth graders in Indiana, we examine the effects of student-teacher race/ethnicity matching on disciplinary outcomes. We find that Black students exhibit lower rates of suspension and expulsion when they study with Black teachers—driven mainly by fewer defiance and profanity offenses. By contrast, for Latinx and White students, having a teacher of the same race/ethnicity is not associated with suspension and expulsion. In light of the shortage of Black teachers in the teacher workforce, our findings underscore the vulnerability of Black students …

Fatigue Characteristics Of Steel–Concrete Composite Beams, Ayman El-Zohairy, Hani Salim, Hesham Shaaban, Mahmoud T. Nawar

Faculty Publications

Fatigue in steel–concrete composite beams can result from cyclic loading, causing stress fluctuations that may lead to cumulative damage and eventual failure over an extended period. In this paper, the experimental findings from fatigue loading tests on composite beams with various arrangements are presented. Fatigue tests were performed up to 1,000,000 cycles using four-point loading, encompassing various ranges of shear stress at a consistent amplitude. Additionally, the effects of external post-tensioning and the strength of the shear connection were investigated. Static tests were run until failure to assess the enduring strength of the specimens subjected to fatigue. The cyclic mid-span …

High-Yield And Rapid Isolation Of Extracellular Vesicles By Flocculation Via Orbital Acoustic Trapping: Float, Joseph Rufo, Peiran Zhang, Zeyu Wang, Yuyang Gu, Kaichun Yang, Joseph Rich, Chuyi Chen, Ruoyu Zhong, Ke Jin, Je He, Jianping Xia, Ke Li, Jiarong Wu, Yingshi Ouyang, Yoel Sadovsky, Luke P. Lee, Tony Jun Huang

Faculty Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as promising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases. However, challenges in separating EVs from soluble proteins have resulted in variable EV recovery rates and low purities. Here, we report a high-yield ( > 90%) and rapid ( <  10 min) EV isolation method called FLocculation via Orbital Acoustic Trapping (FLOAT). The FLOAT approach utilizes an acoustofluidic droplet centrifuge to rotate and controllably heat liquid droplets. By adding a thermoresponsive polymer flocculant, nanoparticles as small as 20 nm can be rapidly and selectively concentrated at the center of the droplet. We demonstrate the ability of FLOAT to separate urinary EVs from the highly abundant Tamm-Horsfall protein, addressing a significant obstacle in the development of EV-based liquid biopsies. Due to its high-yield nature, FLOAT reduces biofluid starting volume requirements by a factor of 100 (from 20 mL to 200 µL), demonstrating its promising potential in point-of-care diagnostics.

Left Ventricle Function And Post-Transcriptional Events With Exercise Training In Pigs, Stephanie L. Samani, Shayne C. Barlow, Lisa A. Freeburg, Traci L. Jones, Marlee Poole, Mark A. Sarzynski Ph.D., Faha, Facsm, Michael R. Zile, Tarek Shazly, Francis G. Spinale

Faculty Publications

Background

Standardized exercise protocols have been shown to improve overall cardiovascular fitness, but direct effects on left ventricular (LV) function, particularly diastolic function and relation to post-transcriptional molecular pathways (microRNAs (miRs)) are poorly understood. This project tested the central hypothesis that adaptive LV remodeling resulting from a large animal exercise training protocol, would be directly associated with specific miRs responsible for regulating pathways relevant to LV myocardial stiffness and geometry.

Methods and results

Pigs (n = 9; 25 Kg) underwent a 4 week exercise training protocol (10 degrees elevation, 2.5 mph, 10 min, 5 days/week) whereby LV chamber stiffness (KC) …

Affirming Culture And Cultural Identity In The Bilingual/Esl Classrooms, Frank Lucido, David Jimenez, Shifang Tang

Faculty Publications

In Texas and throughout the United States, the increasing linguistic diversity within educational settings necessitates the expansion of bilingual and ESL programs. Approximately 5 million school-age children in the U.S. are identified as English learners, and many more are raised in non-English-speaking households. This represents about one-quarter of all K-12 students in the U.S., amounting to nearly 18 million children, most of whom have immigrant parents (Mitchell, 2020a). The urgency to address their needs is amplified by concerns that prolonged school closures could worsen the challenges faced by this demographic, which already includes heightened risks of homelessness, hunger, and educational …

Left Ventricle Function And Post-Transcriptional Events With Exercise Training In Pigs, Stephanie L. Samani, Shayne C. Barlow, Lisa A. Freeburg, Traci L. Jones, Marlee Poole, Mark A. Sarzynski Facsm, Michael R. Zile, Tarek Shazly, Francis G. Spinale

Faculty Publications

Background

Standardized exercise protocols have been shown to improve overall cardiovascular fitness, but direct effects on left ventricular (LV) function, particularly diastolic function and relation to post-transcriptional molecular pathways (microRNAs (miRs)) are poorly understood. This project tested the central hypothesis that adaptive LV remodeling resulting from a large animal exercise training protocol, would be directly associated with specific miRs responsible for regulating pathways relevant to LV myocardial stiffness and geometry.

Methods and results

Pigs (n = 9; 25 Kg) underwent a 4 week exercise training protocol (10 degrees elevation, 2.5 mph, 10 min, 5 days/week) whereby LV chamber stiffness (KC) …

Estimating Lentic Recreational Fisheries Catch And Effort Across The United States, Matthew D. Robertson, Stephen R. Midway, Holly S. Embke, Anna L. Kaz, Mitchel Lang, Craig Paukert, Nicholas A. Sievert, Lyndsie Wszola, Abigail J. Lynch

Faculty Publications

Recreational fisheries represent a socially, ecologically, and economically significant component of global fisheries. The U.S. Inland Creel and Angler Survey Catalog (CreelCat) database includes inland recreational fisheries survey data across the United States to facilitate large-scale analyses. However, because survey methods differ, a statistical method capable of integrating these surveys is necessary to assess patterns and relationships across regions. Here, we developed a hierarchical generalized linear mixed modeling approach to estimate the relationship between daily recreational fisheries catch and effort based on waterbody, socio-economic, and ecological covariates. We applied this approach to CreelCat data on lentic waterbodies and found that …

Seasonal, Spatial, And Water Level Predictors Of Angler Catch And Effort Within Texas Black Bass Reservoir Fisheries, David R. Smith, J. Warren Schlechte, Randall A. Myers, Michael A. Dance, Jacob D. Norman, Mitchell T. Nisbet

Faculty Publications

Objective: We sought to identify seasonal, spatial, and water level predictors of black bass angler catch rates and effort densities (i.e., angler-hours/ha) within Texas reservoirs. Methods: We tested for predictors of effort density and catch rate while building generalized additive models with responses derived from a long-term creel data set and explanatory variables derived from the season of the creel survey, geoposition of the reservoir, and water level data obtained from the Texas Water Development Board. Result: Season significantly affected models, with strong positive effects on catch rates during the spring and fall and strong positive effects on effort densities …

Effector-Triggered Susceptibility By The Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe Oryzae, Ely Oliveira-Garcia, Xia Yan, Miriam Oses-Ruiz, Samuel De Paula, Nicholas J. Talbot

Faculty Publications

Rice blast, the most destructive disease of cultivated rice world-wide, is caused by the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. To cause disease in plants, M. oryzae secretes a diverse range of effector proteins to suppress plant defense responses, modulate cellular processes, and support pathogen growth. Some effectors can be secreted by appressoria even before host penetration, while others accumulate in the apoplast, or enter living plant cells where they target specific plant subcellular compartments. During plant infection, the blast fungus induces the formation of a specialized plant structure known as the biotrophic interfacial complex (BIC), which appears to be crucial for …

The Impact Of Information Presentation On Consumer Perceptions Of Cricket-Containing Chocolate Chip Cookies, Yupeng Gao, Pitchayapat Chonpracha, Bin Li, Ryan Ardoin, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul

Faculty Publications

As a source of protein and other nutrients for a growing population, edible insect production offers environmental and sustainability advantages over traditional meat production. Although around 2 billion people consume insects worldwide, Western consumers are still reluctant to practice entomophagy, hindered largely by neophobia and negative emotions. In addition to sensory quality and safety, an informational component may be crucial to consumers’ decision making involving insect consumption. In this study, three different information types, namely text, image, and a tangible product, were used to convey information about chocolate chip cookies (CCCs) containing cricket flour. The nature of the information was …

Leadership For Social Change: Clara Whitehill Hunt And The Evolution Of Children’S Librarianship, Suzanne Marie Stauffer

Faculty Publications

The first generation of children’s librarians, who created the profession in the late-19th and early-20th centuries, were followed by a second generation who enlarged, expanded, and refined the scope of the collection. One of these women was Clara Whitehill Hunt, Superintendent of Work with Children for the Brooklyn Public Library from 1903 to 1940. In addition to developing training courses for children’s librarians, she wrote Library Work with Children for the A.L.A. Manuals of Library Economy series, The Bookshelf for Boys and Girls, a catalog of recommended children’s books and The First Three Hundred Books for the Children’s Library. For …

Survival And Cause-Specific Mortality Of Male Wild Turkeys Across The Southeastern United States, Patrick H. Wightman, Erin E. Ulrey, Nicholas W. Bakner, Jay R. Cantrell, Charles R. Ruth, Emily Rushton, Cody A. Cedotal, John C. Kilgo, David J. Moscicki, Krishna Pacifici, Christopher E. Moorman, Bret A. Collier, Michael J. Chamberlain

Faculty Publications

Estimating survival and cause-specific mortality of male eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) is important for understanding population dynamics and implementing appropriate harvest management. To better understand age-specific estimates of annual survival and harvest rates, we captured and marked male wild turkeys with leg bands (n = 311) or bands and transmitters (n = 549) in Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina, USA, during 2014–2022. We fitted time to event models to data from radio-marked birds to estimate cause-specific mortality and annual survival. We used band recovery models incorporating both band recovery and telemetry data to further investigate harvest …

Robust Assessment Of Associations Between Weather And Eastern Wild Turkey Nest Success, Wesley W. Boone, Christopher E. Moorman, David J. Moscicki, Bret A. Collier, Michael J. Chamberlain, Adam J. Terando, Krishna Pacifici

Faculty Publications

Temperature and precipitation have been identified as factors that potentially influence eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) reproduction, but robust analyses testing the relationship between weather parameters and turkey nest success are lacking. Therefore, we assessed how weather influenced turkey daily nest survival using 8 years of data collected from 715 nests across the southeastern United States. We also conducted exploratory analyses investigating if weather conditions during or prior to nesting best predicted nest success. We then assessed the possible implications of climate change through 2041–2060 for future eastern wild turkey daily nest survival and nest success for variables determined …

Understanding Implications Of Detection Heterogeneity In Wildlife Abundance Estimation, Jeffrey L. Laake, Bret A. Collier

Faculty Publications

Negative bias in mark-recapture abundance estimators due to heterogeneity in detection (capture) probability is a well-known problem, but we believe most biologists do not understand why heterogeneity causes bias and how bias can be reduced. We demonstrate how heterogeneity creates dependence and bias in mark-recapture approaches to abundance estimation. In comparison, heterogeneity, and hence estimator bias, is not as problematic for distance sampling and mark-resight methods because both techniques estimate detection probabilities based on a known quantity. We show how the introduction of a known number of individuals planted into a study population prior to a mark-recapture survey can reduce …

An ‘Embedded Brain’ Approach To Understanding Antisocial Behaviour, Essi Viding, Eamon Mccrory, Arielle Baskin-Sommers, Stephane De Brito, Paul Frick

Faculty Publications

Antisocial behaviour (ASB) incurs substantial costs to the individual and society. Cognitive neuroscience has the potential to shed light on developmental risk for ASB, but it cannot achieve this potential in an ‘essentialist’ framework that focuses on the brain and cognition isolated from the environment. Here, we present the case for studying the social transactional and iterative unfolding of brain and cognitive development in a relational context. This approach, which we call the study of the ‘embedded brain’, is needed to fully understand how risk for ASB arises during development. Concentrated efforts are required to develop and unify methods to …

Leaf Turgor Loss Point Varies Among Tree Species, Habitats, And Seasons In A Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Alexandra M. Eisley, Brett T. Wolfe

Faculty Publications

Key message: Tree species in a temperate floodplain forest had leaf turgor loss point values similar to those of upland forest trees, suggesting physiological drought tolerance in this generally non-water-limited system. Abstract: Leaf turgor loss point (TLP) is a key plant trait associated with drought tolerance. In the bottomland hardwood (BLH) forests that grow in floodplains of the southeastern USA, drought stress is generally low but may increase with climate change. To address drought tolerance among BLH trees, we measured TLP among 20 species in a BLH forest in Louisiana, USA. We tested whether (1) TLP is higher in BLH …

Residual-Based Error Corrector Operator To Enhance Accuracy And Reliability Of Neural Operator Surrogates Of Nonlinear Variational Boundary-Value Problems, Prashant K. Jha

Faculty Publications

This work focuses on developing methods for approximating the solution operators of a class of parametric partial differential equations via neural operators. Neural operators have several challenges, including the issue of generating appropriate training data, cost-accuracy trade-offs, and nontrivial hyperparameter tuning. The unpredictability of the accuracy of neural operators impacts their applications in downstream problems of inference, optimization, and control. A framework based on the linear variational problem that gives the correction to the prediction furnished by neural operators is considered based on earlier work in JCP 486 (2023) 112104. The operator, called Residual-based Error Corrector Operator or simply Corrector …

Dynamic Volunteer Engagement And Impactful Educational Outreach Taking Us Into The Next 50 Years Of The Extension Master Gardener Program, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Kristine M. Lang, Esther Mcginnis, Kerry Smith, Lucy Bradley

Faculty Publications

According to the 2021 Extension Master Gardener (EMG) National Summary, the EMG Volunteer Program had an estimated 84,700 volunteers throughout the United States. These volunteers helped communities garden and grow food, provided opportunities to engage in activities that improved physical and mental health, and worked on projects that addressed environmental issues. In total, these programs contributed 3.1 million hours of education to local communities and $88 million dollars in value to the public. However, the COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges for the program, with many states implementing reduced requirements and increased flexibility for volunteers. The workshop “Dynamic Volunteer Engagement and Impactful …

Ecological Factors Of Telemental Healthcare Utilization Among Adolescents With Increased Substance Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Moderating Effect Of Gender, Youn Kyoung Kim, Eusebius Small, Rachel D. Pounders, Salimata Lala Fall, Wendy L. Wilson

Faculty Publications

Background: Adolescent substance use is often associated with concurrent mental health problems (e.g., depression, suicide attempts, parental emotional and physical abuse, not feeling close to people at school, and lower virtual connectedness) at multiple ecological levels. Objective: This study examined whether such risk factors among adolescents were associated with the use of telemental healthcare (TMHC) and whether gender moderated these associations. Methods: Data were drawn from the Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey, collected by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from January to June 2021. A hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted using a national sample of …

Evaluating Wet And Dry Contact Time Of Contaminated Produce With Chlorine Solution Against Listeria Monocytogenes And Salmonella Enterica, Jyoti Aryal, Vijay Singh Chhetri, Achyut Adhikari

Faculty Publications

Chlorine is the most widely used sanitizer, however, there are varying reports on the exposure time and its effectiveness on fresh produce. This study determined the minimum exposure time for wet and dry contact chlorine treatments with the highest efficacy in reducing Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica on spinach and bell pepper surfaces. The chlorine wash at 100 mg/L for 1 min resulted in a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of both pathogens on both produce. S. enterica was reduced by 4.86 log CFU/g on spinach and by 3.97 log CFU/g on bell pepper, while L. monocytogenes was reduced by 3.7 log CFU/g on spinach and by 3.08 log CFU/g on bell pepper. The majority of Listeria cross-contamination (>2.30 log CFU/g) on un-inoculated spinach and bell peppers was observed within 1 min of chlorine washing. Cross-contamination of Salmonella on spinach was >2.9 log CFU/g within 1 min and the level …

The Library Is Not For Everyone (Yet): Disability, Accommodations, And Working In Libraries, Nicollette Davis, Mondo Vaden, Marco Seiferle-Valencia, Jess Saldaña, De Ann Brame

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tess Hunt For Young And Maturing Exoplanets (Thyme). Xi. An Earth-Sized Planet Orbiting A Nearby, Solar-Like Host In The 400 Myr Ursa Major Moving Group, Benjamin K. Capistrant, Melinda Soares-Furtado, Andrew Vanderburg, Alyssa Jankowski, Andrew W. Mann, Gabrielle Ross, Gregor Srdoc, Natalie R. Hinkel, Juliette Becker, Christian Magliano, Mary Anne Limbach, Alexander P. Stephan, Andrew C. Nine, Benjamin M. Tofflemire, Adam L. Kraus, Steven Giacalone, Joshua N. Winn, Allyson Bieryla, Luke G. Bouma, David R. Ciardi, Karen A. Collins, Giovanni Covone, Zoë L. De Beurs, Chelsea X. Huang, Jon M. Jenkins, Laura Kreidberg, David W. Latham, Samuel N. Quinn, Sara Seager, Avi Shporer, Joseph D. Twicken, Bill Wohler, Roland K. Vanderspek

Faculty Publications

Young terrestrial worlds are critical test beds to constrain prevailing theories of planetary formation and evolution. We present the discovery of HD 63433 d—a nearby (22 pc), Earth-sized planet transiting a young Sun-like star (TOI-1726, HD 63433). HD 63433 d is the third planet detected in this multiplanet system. The kinematic, rotational, and abundance properties of the host star indicate that it belongs to the young (414 ± 23 Myr) Ursa Major moving group, whose membership we update using new data from the third data release of the Gaia mission and TESS. Our transit analysis of the TESS light curves …

Embryonic Exposure To The Benzotriazole Ultraviolet Stabilizer 2-(2h-Benzotriazol-2-Yl)-4-Methylphenol Decreases Fertility Of Adult Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Yamin Raza, Emily Mertens, Lauren Zink, Zhe Lu, Jon A. Doering, Steve Wiseman

Faculty Publications

Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) are emerging contaminants of concern. They are added to a variety of products, including building materials, personal care products, paints, and plastics, to prevent degradation caused by ultraviolet (UV) light. Despite widespread occurrence in aquatic environments, little is known regarding the effects of BUVSs on aquatic organisms. The aim of the present study was to characterize the effects of exposure to 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methylphenol (UV-P) on the reproductive success of zebrafish (Danio rerio) following embryonic exposure. Embryos were exposed, by use of microinjection, to UV-P at < 1.5 (control), 2.77, and 24.25 ng/g egg, and reared until sexual maturity, when reproductive performance was assessed, following which molecular and biochemical endpoints were analyzed. Exposure to UV-P did not have a significant effect on fecundity. However, there was a significant effect on fertilization success. Using UV-P-exposed males and females, fertility was decreased by 8.75% in the low treatment group and by 15.02% in the high treatment group relative to control. In a reproduction assay with UV-P-exposed males and control females, fertility was decreased by 11.47% in the high treatment group relative to the control. Embryonic exposure to UV-P might have perturbed male sex steroid synthesis as indicated by small changes in blood plasma concentrations of 17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone, and small statistically nonsignificant decreases in mRNA abundances of cyp19a1a, cyp11c1, and hsd17b3. In addition, decreased transcript abundances of genes involved in spermatogenesis, such as nanos2 and dazl, were observed. Decreases in later stages of sperm development were observed, suggesting that embryonic exposure to UV-P impaired spematogenesis, resulting in decreased sperm quantity. The present study is the first to demonstrate latent effects of BUVSs, specifically on fish reproduction. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:385–397. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

Decay Of Multi-Point Correlation Functions In Zd, Rui Han, Fan Yang

Faculty Publications

We prove multi-point correlation bounds in Z^d for arbitrary d≥1 with symmetrized distances, answering open questions proposed by Sims–Warzel (Commun Math Phys 347(3):903–931, 2016) and Aza–Bru–Siqueira Pedra (Commun Math Phys 360(2):715–726, 2018). As applications, we prove multi-point correlation bounds for the Ising model on Z^d, and multi-point dynamical localization in expectation for uniformly localized disordered systems, which provides the first examples of this conjectured phenomenon by Bravyi–König (Commun Math Phys 316(3):641–692, 2012).

Modular Geodesics And Wedge Domains In Non-Compactly Causal Symmetric Spaces, Vincenzo Morinelli, Karl Hermann Neeb, Gestur Ólafsson

Faculty Publications

We continue our investigation of the interplay between causal structures on symmetric spaces and geometric aspects of Algebraic Quantum Field Theory. We adopt the perspective that the geometric implementation of the modular group is given by the flow generated by an Euler element of the Lie algebra (an element defining a 3-grading). Since any Euler element of a semisimple Lie algebra specifies a canonical non-compactly causal symmetric space M= G/ H , we turn in this paper to the geometry of this flow. Our main results concern the positivity region W of the flow (the corresponding wedge region): If G …

Short-Term Sediment Dispersal On A Large Retreating Coastal River Delta Via 234th And 7be Sediment Geochronology: The Mississippi River Delta Front, Andrew Courtois, Samuel Bentley, Jillian Maloney, Kehui Xu, Jason Chaytor, Ioannis Y. Georgiou, Michael D. Miner, Jeffrey Obelcz, Navid H. Jafari, Melanie Damour

Faculty Publications

Many Mississippi River Delta studies have shown recent declines in fluvial sediment load from the river and associated land loss. In contrast, recent sedimentary processes on the subaqueous delta are less documented. To help address this knowledge gap, multicores were collected offshore from the three main river outlets at water depths of 25–280 m in June 2017 just after the peak river discharge period, with locations selected based on 2017 U.S. Geological Survey seabed mapping. The coring locations included the undisturbed upper foreset, mudflow lobes, gullies, and the undisturbed prodelta. Nine multicores were analyzed for Beryllium-7 activity, and four cores …

Betelgeuse As A Merger Of A Massive Star With A Companion, Sagiv Shiber, Emmanouil Chatzopoulos, Bradley Munson, Juhan Frank

Faculty Publications

We investigate the merger between a 16M ⊙ star, on its way to becoming a red supergiant (RSG), and a 4M ⊙ main-sequence companion. Our study employs three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations using the state-of-the-art adaptive mesh refinement code Octo-Tiger. The initially corotating binary undergoes interaction and mass transfer, resulting in the accumulation of mass around the companion and its subsequent loss through the second Lagrangian point (L2). The companion eventually plunges into the envelope of the primary, leading to its spin-up and subsequent merger with the helium core. We examine the internal structural properties of the post-merger star, as well as …

Structure Of The High-Spin, Β -Decaying State In The Neutron-Rich Nucleus La 146, S. Lalkovski, F. G. Kondev, K. Auranen, A. D. Ayangeakaa, M. P. Carpenter, J. A. Clark, P. Copp, N. P. Giha, D. J. Hartley, T. Lauritsen, S. Marley, G. E. Morgan, C. Müller-Gatermann, S. Nandi, W. Reviol, D. Santiago-Gonzalez, G. Savard, D. Seweryniak, Ir B. Vasilev, J. Wu

Faculty Publications

Excited structures in Ce146 were populated in β decay of the high-spin state in the neutron-rich nucleus La146. The beam was produced by the Californium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) facility at Argonne National Laboratory, reaccelerated by the ATLAS accelerator, and implanted on a moving-tape system in the middle of the GAMMASPHERE array. The decay scheme of the high-spin, β-decaying state in La146 was revised with respect to previous studies and evaluated nuclear data. The structure of La146 is discussed in the framework of the deformed Nilsson model and systematics of known quasiparticle structures in the region.

First Detection Of Polarization In X-Rays For Psr B0540-69 And Its Nebula, Fei Xie, Josephine Wong, Fabio La Monaca, Roger W. Romani, Jeremy Heyl, Philip Kaaret, Alessandro Di Marco, Niccolò Bucciantini, Kuan Liu, Chi Yung Ng, Niccolò Di Lalla, Martin C. Weisskopf, Enrico Costa, Paolo Soffitta, Fabio Muleri, Matteo Bachetti, Maura Pilia, John Rankin, Sergio Fabiani, Iván Agudo, Lucio A. Antonelli, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Fiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Chien Ting Chen, Stefano Ciprini

Faculty Publications

We report on X-ray polarization measurements of the extragalactic Crab-like PSR B0540-69 and its Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) in the Large Magellanic Cloud, using a ∼850 ks Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) exposure. The PWN is unresolved by IXPE. No statistically significant polarization is detected for the image-averaged data, giving a 99% confidence polarization upper limit (MDP99) of 5.3% in the 2–8 keV energy range. However, a phase-resolved analysis detects polarization for both the nebula and pulsar in the 4–6 keV energy range. For the PWN defined as the off-pulse phases, the polarization degree (PD) of (24.5 ± 5.3)% and …

The Detection Of Polarized X-Ray Emission From The Magnetar 1e 2259+586, Jeremy Heyl, Roberto Taverna, Roberto Turolla, Gian Luca Israel, Mason Ng, Demet Kırmızıbayrak, Denis González-Caniulef, Ilaria Caiazzo, Silvia Zane, Steven R. Ehlert, Michela Negro, Iván Agudo, Lucio Angelo Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Niccolò Bucciantini, Fiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Chien Ting Chen, Stefano Ciprini, Enrico Costa, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Laura Di Gesu, Niccolò Di Lalla, Alessandro Di Marco

Faculty Publications

We report on IXPE, NICER, and XMM–Newton observations of the magnetar 1E 2259+586. We find that the source is significantly polarized at about or above 20 per cent for all phases except for the secondary peak where it is more weakly polarized. The polarization degree is strongest during the primary minimum which is also the phase where an absorption feature has been identified previously. The polarization angle of the photons are consistent with a rotating vector model with a mode switch between the primary minimum and the rest of the rotation of the neutron star. We propose a scenario in …