Digital Commons Network^™

Reef Fish Movement And Community Assemblages Associated With A Newly Deployed Artificial Reef, Jade M. Carver, Brett J. Falterman, Stephen R. Midway, Christian Walker, Creed C. Branham, Michael A. Dance

Faculty Publications

Artificial reefs provide critical habitat for fish in areas lacking benthic structure, yet our understanding of how artificial reefs function and develop is limited. Here, changes in fish community assemblages were monitored using baited remote underwater video (BRUV) surveys before and after a new artificial reef was deployed in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Movement of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) and gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus) between nearby oil and gas platforms (n = 3) and the new artificial reef was examined using acoustic telemetry, and residency was calculated for fish associated with both structure types. Fish community development at the …

Cationic Conjugated Polymers With Enhanced Doped-State Planarity For N-Type Organic Thermoelectrics, Jiu-Long Li, Xin-Yu Deng, Jupeng Chen, Peng-Xiang Fu, Shuang-Yan Tian, Yunfei Wang, Xiaodan Gu, Ting Lei

Faculty Publications

To date, extensive efforts have been devoted to designing new conjugated polymers with long alkyl or ethylene glycol sidechains. However, these sidechains are insulators, limiting further performance enhancement in doped conjugated polymers. Moreover, the most widely used chlorinated solvents are toxic, limiting the practical applications of many conjugated polymers. Here, we report a water/alcohol processable n-type conjugated polymer P(Py2FT), featuring side chain-free cationic backbones. P(Py2FT) exhibits a high n-type electrical conductivity of up to 28.1 S cm⁻¹ and a high thermoelectric power factor of up to 28.7 μW m⁻¹ K⁻², comparable to some conventional …

Incorporating Media Coverage And The Impact Of Geopolitical Events For Stock Market Predictions With Machine Learning, Vinayaka Gude, Daniel Hsiao

Faculty Publications

This paper explores the impact of the Israel–Palestine conflict on the stock performance of U.S. companies and their public positions on the conflict. In an era where corporate positions on geopolitical issues are increasingly scrutinized, understanding the market implications of such statements is critical. This research aims to capture the complex, non-linear relationships between corporate actions, media coverage, and financial outcomes by integrating traditional statistical techniques with advanced machine learning models. To achieve this, we constructed a novel dataset combining public corporate announcements, media sentiment (including headline and article body tone), and philanthropic activities. Using both classification and regression models, …

The Art Of Mediation Representation: Helping Clients Make Good Decisions, John Lande

Faculty Publications

Attorneys regularly represent clients in mediation, yet many do not perform this role effectively. The article is designed to help attorneys better assist clients in making good decisions during mediation. It explores the theory and practice of mediation representation, emphasizing how attorneys can provide excellent client service by counseling clients and communicating effectively with mediators and counterpart attorneys. Ideally, attorneys as act “quasi-mediators,” helping clients make informed, confident decisions while navigating the mediation process. Drawing on the Real Practice Systems checklists and empirical research, the article outlines key tasks before, during, and after mediation sessions. It critiques the inadequate preparation …

When Ai Comes To The Table: How Tech Tools Will Change Adr, John Lande

Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) is quickly reshaping the landscape of dispute resolution. This article explores how an expanding range of AI tools will influence negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and related processes. These tools will serve a wide array of users and contexts, reflect differing practice philosophies, and raise important questions about fairness, transparency, and values. Drawing on theory, practice, and real-world examples, the article identifies seven categories of emerging tools – from dispute prevention and practitioner preparation to education and platform integration. It highlights the importance of ethical design, user awareness, and professional responsibility, arguing that AI should support – not replace …

Getting The Most From Ai Tools: A Practical Guide To Writing Effective Prompts, John Lande

Faculty Publications

This article is a companion to How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bot: What I Learned About AI and What You Can Too. This article helps users, especially those in dispute resolution roles, learn how to write effective prompts and engage productively with artificial intelligence (AI) tools. The goal is to make AI less intimidating and more useful – one good question at a time.

The article shows how users can choose appropriate tools, formulate effective prompts, and generate useful results. It offers role-specific prompt suggestions for mediators, attorneys, disputants, ADR program managers, law school faculty, …

How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Love The Bot: What I Learned About Ai And What You Can Too, John Lande

Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools play an increasingly prominent role in legal education, legal practice, and dispute resolution. People’s understanding of how these tools work varies widely. This article outlines a framework to improve AI literacy among dispute resolution practitioners, parties, ADR program managers, faculty, students, and scholars. It highlights emerging trends and offers practical suggestions and resources to support AI literacy and the responsible integration of AI into their work. A companion article, Getting the Most from AI Tools: A Practical Guide to Writing Effective Prompts, helps users, especially those in dispute resolution roles, learn how to write effective …

The Essence Of An Antitrust Violation, Thomas A. Lambert

Faculty Publications

Judicial embrace of the consumer welfare standard reduced the indeterminacy and political manipulability of U.S. antitrust law. Continual invocations of antitrust’s consumer welfare focus, however, have created the misimpression that consumer harm is a sufficient, not merely a necessary, condition for condemning antitrust-relevant behaviors like agreements in restraint of trade and exclusion-causing unilateral acts. Such a “consumer harm sufficiency” view underlay the plaintiffs’ claims in Epic Games v. Apple and FTC v. Qualcomm and has inspired scholarly proposals to condemn various antitrust-relevant behaviors simply because they occasion consumer harm.

Antitrust economics and dynamic efficiency considerations call for rejection of the …

Decoupling Of Bacterial Production And Respiration In The Surface Water Of The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, Yuchen Zhang, Yibin Huang, Feipeng Xu, Shujie Cai, Yao Liu, Chao Xu, Lizhen Lin, Jixin Chen, Edward Allen Laws, Xin Liu, Bangqin Huang

Faculty Publications

Heterotrophic bacterial production and respiration, two important contributors to carbon cycling, play an important role in global biogeochemical cycles. However, recent research suggests that these two processes may be decoupled, and the underlying changes in community structure and their interactions remain unclear. In this study, two research expeditions to the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) during the summer and winter of 2020–2021 revealed seasonal shifts in bacterial metabolism and community structure in response to environmental factors. The findings indicated notable seasonal fluctuations in bacterial abundance and production in the surface waters. Both peaked in winter compared to summer. Alterations in …

On 2-Superirreducible Polynomials Over Finite Fields, J. W. Bober, L. Du, D. Fretwell, G. S. Kopp, T. D. Wooley

Faculty Publications

We investigate k-superirreducible polynomials, by which we mean irreducible polynomials that remain irreducible under any polynomial substitution of positive degree at most k. Let F be a finite field of characteristic p. We show that no 2-superirreducible polynomials exist in F[t] when p=2 and that no such polynomials of odd degree exist when p is odd. We address the remaining case in which p is odd and the polynomials have even degree by giving an explicit formula for the number of monic 2-superirreducible polynomials having even degree d. This formula is analogous to that given by Gauss for the number …

Direct Evidence For R-Process Nucleosynthesis In Delayed Mev Emission From The Sgr 1806-20 Magnetar Giant Flare, Anirudh Patel, Brian D. Metzger, Jakub Cehula, Eric Burns, Jared A. Goldberg, Todd A. Thompson

Faculty Publications

The origin of heavy elements synthesized through the rapid neutron capture process (r-process) has been an enduring mystery for over half a century. J. Cehula et al. recently showed that magnetar giant flares, among the brightest transients ever observed, can shock heat and eject neutron star crustal material at high velocity, achieving the requisite conditions for an r-process. A. Patel et al. confirmed an r-process in these ejecta using detailed nucleosynthesis calculations. Radioactive decay of the freshly synthesized nuclei releases a forest of gamma-ray lines, Doppler broadened by the high ejecta velocities v ≳ 0.1c into a quasi-continuous spectrum peaking …

Shielding Resources For Four Common Radiopharmaceuticals Utilized For Imaging And Therapy: Tc-99m, F-18, I-131, And Lu-177, Michael Oumano, Richard Wendt, James Botti, Nathan Busse, David Hintenlang, Stephanie Leon, Kevin Little, Melissa Martin, Richard Massoth, Kenneth Matthews, Rameshwar Prasad, Sharon White, Jessica Clements

Faculty Publications

Introduction: The use of radioactive materials in the United States has been tightly regulated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and other entities for many decades. In 2015, however, the Joint Commission began to require hospital-based nuclear medicine departments to conduct shielding designs and evaluations for radioactive material areas, mirroring established x-ray practices. NCRP Report No. 147 guides diagnostic medical x-ray shielding, but obviously cannot be used alone for nuclear medicine applications. The rising demand for theranostic nuclear medicine shielding evaluations particularly necessitates updated focused guidance, the aim of this report. Methods: Monte Carlo simulations were conducted using GATE software to …

Enhancing Compton Telescope Imaging With Maximum A Posteriori Estimation A Modified Richardson–Lucy Algorithm For The Compton Spectrometer And Imager, H. Yoneda, T. Siegert, I. Martinez-Castellanos, S. Gallego, C. Karwin, H. Bates, S. E. Boggs, C. Y. Huang, A. Joens, S. Matsumoto, S. Mittal, E. Neights, M. Negro, U. Oberlack, K. Okuma, S. Pike, J. Roberts, F. Rogers, Y. Sheng, T. Takahashi, A. Valluvan, Y. Watanabe, D. Hartmann, C. Kierans, J. Tomsick, A. Zoglauer

Faculty Publications

We present a modified Richardson-Lucy (RL) algorithm tailored for image reconstruction in MeV gamma-ray observations, focusing on its application to the upcoming Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) mission. Our method addresses key challenges in MeV gamma-ray astronomy by incorporating Bayesian priors for sparseness and smoothness while optimizing background components simultaneously. We introduce a novel sparsity term suitable for Poisson-sampled data in addition to a smoothness prior, allowing for flexible reconstruction of both point sources and extended emission. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using simulated three-month COSI observations of gamma-ray lines of ⁴⁴Ti (1.157 MeV), ²⁶Al (1.809 …

Algebraic Description Of The Triaxially To Axially Rotational Shape Phase Transition, Yu Zhang, Yu Xin Liu, Feng Pan, J. P. Draayer

Faculty Publications

Within the framework of the interacting boson model, we propose a novel algebraic scheme to describe spin-dependent structural evolutions in triaxial nuclei. Our analysis demonstrates that a triaxially to axially rotational shape phase transition can be induced by the high-order correction which is microscopically motivated by the pairing interaction on the γ-unstable rotation. This prescription is further applied to describe the structural evolutions along the yrast sequences of Ba132 and Xe130, providing an exemplary case for demonstrating a unified explanation of both low-energy collective structures and high-spin phenomena in O(6)-like nuclei.

The Frequency Shift And Q Of Disordered Superconducting Rf Cavities, Hikaru Ueki, Mehdi Zarea, J. A. Sauls

Faculty Publications

Niobium superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities for high-energy accelerator applications have been greatly improved in terms of the quality factor Q by techniques such as Nitrogen doping. However, the mechanisms leading to improvement in Q are still not fully understood. Quite recently the SRF group at Fermilab measured anomalies in the frequency shift of N-doped SRF Niobium cavities near the transition temperature. Here we report our theoretical analysis of these results based on the microscopic theory of superconductivity that incorporates anisotropy of the superconducting gap and inhomogeneous disorder in the screening region of the SRF cavities. We are able to account …

A New Transition Metal Borate, Co6(B24O39(Oh)6(H2O) 6·2.21h2O, Synthesized Via A Mild Hydrothermal Synthesis, Alevtina Maksimova, Patrick Belt, Nilah Whitfield, Mark D. Smith, Gopabandhu Panigrahi, Gregory Morrison, Hans Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

A new transition metal borate hydrate, Co₆B₂₄O₃₉(OH)₆(H₂O)₆·2.21H₂O, was synthesized via a mild hydrothermal method using boric acid as the melt. The compound crystallizes in the trigonal space group P 3‾ with lattice parameters a = b = 13.17840(10) Å, c = 12.3287(2) Å, and a unit cell volume of 1854.27(4) ų (Z = 2). This borate hydrate crystallizes in a new structure type comprised of layers containing [BO3] trigonal planar units and [BO4] tetrahedra that are linked by CoO6 and Co(OH)2(H2O)4 octahedra via corner-sharing. The …

The Robert Burns Portraits Revisited, Patrick Scott

Faculty Publications

Illustrated lecture for the 2025 annual meeting of the Robert Burns Association of North America, in Atlanta, Georgia, on the major portraits of the Scottish poet Robert Burns (1759-1796), and on the dissemination of the well-known Nasmyth portrait through engravings, copies, and adaptations, charting the delayed emergence of the other portraits now generally recognized, surveying recurrent efforts to get other 'discoveries' accepted as depicting Burns, and suggesting possible dramatic further news likely to come later in the year.

Whole-Genome Assembly And Annotation Of The Firecracker Penstemon (Penstemon Eatonii), David E. Jarvis, Mikel R. Stevens, Payton Carter, Ying Fei Lin, Kate E. Jaggi, Gabriela Jijon, Teal Kalt, Jouber Calixto, Samantha Standring, Kaitlin Torres, Kayla B. Stephensen, Hayley Mangelson, Noah H. Williams, Carolyn A. Wessinger, Peter J. Maughan, Paul B. Frandsen

Faculty Publications

The penstemons are ornamental annual flowering plants native to the Intermountain West and Rocky Mountains and commonly used for urban landscaping. Elite commercial penstemons are generally susceptible to abiotic stresses, including drought, root rot, cold, and high salinity. Firecracker penstemon (Penstemon eatonii), however, is much more tolerant to these stresses than most elite cultivars. Importantly, firecracker penstemon has been reported to hybridize with many other penstemons and therefore provides the opportunity to develop more tolerant elite cultivars through strategic crossing. To facilitate the study and utilization of firecracker penstemon, we sequenced and annotated the genome of a P. …

Graphics Processing Unit-Enabled Path Planning Based On Global Evolutionary Dynamic Programming And Local Genetic Algorithm Optimization, Junlin Ou, Ge Song, Yi Wang

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a novel path planning method for real-time robotic path planning in a dynamic environment involving moving obstacles. It combines on a holistic platform a global approach to rapidly generate initial paths of prominent diversity and a heuristic approach to enable local path refinement for enhanced computational efficiency, exploration, and robustness. The global approach innovates a formulation that treats a path planning problem with a visibility graph as a Markov decision process and decomposes the process into many subproblems. A new evolutionary dynamic programming approach (EDP) is proposed to solve these subproblems in an iterative manner using …

Editorial Introduction: Bridging Policy Theory And Practice In Uncertain Times, Geoboo Song, Saba Siddiki, Holly L. Peterson, Melissa K. Merry, Ben Galloway, Camille Gilmore, Travis Wagher, Annette Nyoni

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Jwst Reveals The Diversity Of Nuclear Obscuring Dust In Nearby Agn: Nuclear Isolation Of Miri/Mrs Data Cubes And Continuum Spectral Fitting, Omaira González-Martín, Daniel J. Díaz-González, Mariela Martínez-Paredes, Almudena Alonso-Herrero, Enrique López-Rodríguez, Begoña García-Lorenzo, Cristina Ramos Almeida, Ismael García-Bernete, Donaji Esparza-Arredondo, Sebastian F. Hoenig, Santiago García-Burillo, Chris Packham, Nancy A. Levenson, Alvaro Labiano, Miguel Pereira-Santaella, Francoise Combes, Anelise Audibert, Erin K.S. Hicks, Lulu Zhang, Enrica Bellocchi, Richard I. Davies, Laura Hermosa Muñoz, Masatoshi Imanishi, Claudio Ricci, Marko Stalevski

Faculty Publications

We investigate the capabilities of the mid-infrared instrument (MIRI) of JWST to advance our knowledge of active galactic nucleus (AGN) dust using the spectral fitting technique on an AGN collection of 21 nearby (z < 0.05) AGN (7 type-1 and 14 type-2) observations obtained with the medium resolution spectroscopy (MRS) mode. This collection includes publicly available AGN and data from the collaboration of Galactic Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS). We developed a tool named MRSPSFisol that decomposes MRS cubes into point-like and extended contributions. We found statistically good fits for 12 targets with current AGN dust models. The model that provides good fits (χ²/dof< 2) for these 12 targets assumes a combination of clumpy and smooth distribution of dust in a flare-disc geometry where the dust grain size is a free parameter. Still, two and one AGN statistically prefer the disc + wind and the classical clumpy torus model, respectively. However, the currently available models fail to reproduce 40 per cent of the targets, likely due to the extreme silicate features not well reproduced by the models and signatures of water-ice and aliphatic hydrocarbon absorption features in most targets. New models exploring, for instance, new chemistry, are needed to explain the complexity of AGN dust continuum emission observed by JWST.

Teaching Critically In Contentious Times Black Consciousness, Historical Knowledge, And Educational Policy, Lagarrett J. King, Daniella Cook Sumpter

Faculty Publications

Editors’ Introduction to Special Section of Critical Education: Teaching Critically in Contentious Times

Immigration Policy In The Second Trump Administration: Restriction, Removal, And The Limits Of Maga Nativism, Caroline R. Nagel

Faculty Publications

Donald Trump's three presidential campaigns have centred on promises to stop unauthorised immigration, whether by ‘building the wall’ or by enacting the largest mass deportation in American history. To deliver on these promises, Trump has appointed Stephen Miller—an anti-immigration hardliner who was responsible for the first Trump administration's draconian border policies – to a key White House position. Trump is often described as breaking from liberal-democratic norms; but when it comes to immigration policy, he is following a well-worn path by hiring Miller. This brief commentary places the Trump/Miller brand of anti-immigration politics in historical context, showing how anxieties over …

Immigration Policy In The Second Trump Administration: Restriction, Removal, And The Limits Of Maga Nativism, Caroline R. Nagel

Faculty Publications

Donald Trump's three presidential campaigns have centred on promises to stop unauthorised immigration, whether by ‘building the wall’ or by enacting the largest mass deportation in American history. To deliver on these promises, Trump has appointed Stephen Miller—an anti-immigration hardliner who was responsible for the first Trump administration's draconian border policies – to a key White House position. Trump is often described as breaking from liberal-democratic norms; but when it comes to immigration policy, he is following a well-worn path by hiring Miller. This brief commentary places the Trump/Miller brand of anti-immigration politics in historical context, showing how anxieties over …

Association Of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Use With Reduced Risk Of Alzheimer's Disease Risk, Joseph Magagnoli Ph.D., Ms, Meenakshi Ambati, Tammy H. Cummings, Joseph Nguyen, Claire C. Thomas, Vidya L. Ambati, S. Scott Sutton, Bradley D. Gelfand, Jayakrishna Ambati

Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION

Inflammasome activation is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously demonstrated that nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), drugs approved to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B, also inhibit inflammasome activation.

METHODS

We evaluated the association between NRTI exposure and subsequent development of AD in the United States Veterans Health Administration over a 24-year period and in the MarketScan database over a 14-year period using propensity score-matched multivariate Cox hazards regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses.

RESULTS

We report that in humans, NRTI exposure was associated with a significantly lower incidence of AD in two of the largest health insurance …

A Slice Of Archives: Developing Focused Internships, Karen Glenn, Rebecca A. Wiederhold

Faculty Publications

In this presentation, Brigham Young University discussed how they have partnered with the campus history department to offer paid internships to students interested in exploring careers in archives. A module approach was developed, allowing students to select up to three projects, giving them experience with multiple types of history-related work done in libraries. We hope that long-term investment in this internship program will encourage students to explore careers in the archives field.

Whole-Genome Assembly And Annotation Of The Firecracker Penstemon (Penstemon Eatonii), David E. Jarvis, Mikel R. Stevens, Payton Carter, Ying Fei Lin, Kate E. Jaggi, Gabriela Jijon, Teal Kalt, Jouber Calixto, Samantha Standring, Kaitlin Torres, Kayla B. Stephensen, Hayley Mangelson, Noah H. Williams, Carolyn A. Wessinger, Peter J. Maughan, Paul B. Frandsen

Faculty Publications

The penstemons are ornamental annual flowering plants native to the Intermountain West and Rocky Mountains and commonly used for urban landscaping. Elite commercial penstemons are generally susceptible to abiotic stresses, including drought, root rot, cold, and high salinity. Firecracker penstemon (Penstemon eatonii), however, is much more tolerant to these stresses than most elite cultivars. Importantly, firecracker penstemon has been reported to hybridize with many other penstemons and therefore provides the opportunity to develop more tolerant elite cultivars through strategic crossing. To facilitate the study and utilization of firecracker penstemon, we sequenced and annotated the genome of a P. …

Investigating The Suitability Of Dichotomous Responses For The Water Insecurity Experiences (Wise) Scales Using Nationally Representative Data From 39 Countries, Indira Bose, Joshua D. Miller, Hilary J. Bethancourt, Olga P. García, Hugo R. Melgar-Quiñonez, Rosana Salles-Costa, Mauro E. Delgrossi, Scott M. Miller, Tessa L. Durham, Teresa Shamah-Levy, Pablo Gaitán-Rossi, Sera L. Young, Edward A. Frongillo Jr. Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

The Water Insecurity Experiences (WISE) Scales have been validated to comparably measure water insecurity globally. The scales consist of 12 items that can be administered in approximately 3 minutes. There is interest in developing more rapid versions of the tools for when time is limited. One alternative is to use a subset of 4 items, which has been validated, but has some drawbacks. Here we investigate another alternative: dichotomous (yes/no) response options instead of the original four levels of frequency-based (polytomous) responses. We used nationally representative data from 39 countries to simulate dichotomized responses by collapsing the four levels of …

“William Clark’S Treaties With Indian Nations: An Overview.”, Jay H. Buckley

Faculty Publications

Born the ninth of ten children to John and Ann (Rogers) Clark on August 1, 1770, on a plantation in Caroline County, Virginia, William Clark led a full life as a soldier, explorer, Indian agent, Missouri territorial governor, and superintendent of Indian affairs at St. Louis. While a teenager, his family relocated to a new plantation called “Mulberry Hill” near present-day Louisville, Kentucky. Clark joined the Kentucky militia, and then in 1792 President George Washington commissioned Clark a lieutenant of infantry. During General Anthony Wayne’s Ohio River Indian campaigns, Clark fought at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. He resigned his …

Strength In Weakness: Grace In Times Of Vulnerability, Adriani Rodrigues

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.